White meat proteins were more conducive to hepatic antioxidative status than soybean and red meat proteins

Dietary and genetic determinants of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in coronary heart disease patients

PURPOSE

A healthy diet reduces the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the general population, especially in individuals who are genetically predisposed to NAFLD. Little is known in patients who suffered from a myocardial infarction (MI). We examined the interaction between diet quality and genetic predisposition in relation to NAFLD in post-MI patients.

METHODS

We included 3437 post-MI patients from the Alpha Omega Cohort. Diet quality was assessed with adherence to the Dutch Healthy Diet index 2015 (DHD15-index). A weighted genetic risk score (GRS) for NAFLD was computed using 39 genetic variants. NAFLD prevalence was predicted using the Fatty Liver Index. Prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% confidence intervals of DHD15-index and GRS in relation to NAFLD were obtained with multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. The interaction between DHD15-index and GRS in relation to NAFLD was assessed on an additive and multiplicative scale.

RESULTS

Patients had a mean age of 69 (± 5.5) years, 77% was male and 20% had diabetes. The DHD15-index ranged from 28 to 120 with a mean of 73. Patients with higher diet quality were less likely to suffer from NAFLD, with a PR of 0.76 (0.62, 0.92) for the upper vs lower quintile of DHD15-index. No association between the GRS and NAFLD prevalence was found (PR of 0.92 [0.76, 1.11]). No statistically significant interaction between the DHD15-index and GRS was observed.

CONCLUSION

In Dutch post-MI patients, adherence to the Dutch dietary guidelines was associated with a lower prevalence of NAFLD, as assessed by the FLI. This association was present regardless of genetic predisposition in this older aged cohort.

Male zooid extracts of Antheraea pernyi ameliorates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and intestinal dysbacteriosis in mice induced by a high-fat diet

The male zooid of Antheraea pernyi (A. pernyi) accumulates several nutrients and physiological activity-related substances for reproduction. Some components in the extracts of the male zooid of A. pernyi (EMZAP) have several functions, such as protecting the liver, enhancing immunity, antiatheroscloresis, anti-aging, and antitumor effects. In this study, we investigated the ameliorating effects on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The EMZAP treatment could ameliorate NAFLD and effectively decrease the serum total cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein levels and a significant increase in serum high-density lipoprotein levels was observed. Additionally, the EMZAP treatment reduced the levels of liver-function enzymes and pro-inflammatory cytokines (i.e., IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, TGF-β₁) and also the oxidative stress indices and regulated the expression of genes associated with fatty acid metabolism (SREBP-1c, PPARα, ACOX-1, CPT-1) in the liver to prevent the development of NAFLD. Furthermore, EMZAP enhanced the diversity and richness of the beneficial intestinal microbes, suggesting its potential as a dietary supplement and functional food to combat NAFLD induced by HFD.