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de Oliveira AT, Lemos JRGD, Santos MQDC, Pantoja-Lima J, Aride PHR, Araújo MLGD, Tavares-Dias M, Marcon JL. Morphological, cytochemical and ultrastructural aspects of blood cells in freshwater stingray species in the middle Rio Negro basin of Amazonian Brazil. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15685. [PMID: 34344958 PMCID: PMC8333063 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95183-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, we examined the morphology, dimensions, cytochemical staining reactions and ultrastructure of blood cells from three freshwater stingray species, Potamotrygon wallacei, Potamotrygon motoro and Paratrygon aiereba, living in the waters of the middle Rio Negro basin (Barcelos, Amazonas, Brazil). We identified erythrocytes, erythroblasts, thrombocytes and four types of leukocytes (basophils, heterophils, lymphocytes and monocytes) in the blood of these stingray species. In all the freshwater stingray species studied, the shapes and dimensions of these cells were similar to those of marine elasmobranchs. Positive PAS staining occurred in heterophils and thrombocytes, and weak staining occurred in lymphocytes and monocytes, while metachromasia only occurred in basophils. Positive Sudan Black B staining was observed in thrombocytes and lymphocytes, and weak staining occurred in heterophils. Basophils and heterophils were the only cells with positive bromophenol blue staining, while no peroxidase staining was observed in any of the four leukocyte types. This is the first study to establish the dimensions and cytochemical staining profiles of blood cells in Amazonian stingray species. Because these elasmobranch species are exported as ornamental fish to countries worldwide, this study can contribute to establishing standards for blood constituents that may be helpful in assessing the health and welfare of these fish in artificial systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Teixeira de Oliveira
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Amazonas (IFAM), Campus Manaus Centro (CMC), Avenida Sete de Setembro, 1975. Centro, Manaus, AM, 69020-120, Brazil.
| | | | - Marcio Quara de Carvalho Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Pesqueiras nos Trópicos (PPG-CIPET), Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Avenida General Rodrigo Octávio Jordão Ramos, 3000. Coroado I, Manaus, AM, 69077-000, Brazil
| | - Jackson Pantoja-Lima
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Amazonas (IFAM), Campus Presidente Figueiredo, Avenida Onça Pintada, 1308. Galo da Serra, Presidente Figueiredo, AM, 69735-000, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Rocha Aride
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Amazonas (IFAM), Campus Manaus Centro (CMC), Avenida Sete de Setembro, 1975. Centro, Manaus, AM, 69020-120, Brazil
| | - Maria Lúcia Góes de Araújo
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS), Avenida Marechal Rondon, sn. Jardim Rosa Elze, São Cristovão, SE, 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Marcos Tavares-Dias
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisas Agropecuárias (EMBRAPA), Macapá, Rodovia Juscelino Kubitschek km 5, Macapá, AP, 68903-419, Brazil
| | - Jaydione Luiz Marcon
- Laboratório de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Avenida General Rodrigo Octávio Jordão Ramos, 3000. Coroado I, Manaus, AM, 69077-000, Brazil
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Esteves-Silva PH, da Silva MRL, O'Dwyer LH, Tavares-Dias M, Viana LA. Haemogregarina daviesensis sp. nov. (Apicomplexa: Haemogregarinidae) from South American lungfish Lepidosiren paradoxa (Sarcopterygii: Lepidosirenidae) in the eastern Amazon region. Parasitol Res 2019; 118:2773-2779. [PMID: 31456045 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-019-06430-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Based on morphology and morphometry of gametocytes in blood and molecular phylogenetic analysis, we described a new species of hemoparasite from the genus Haemogregarina isolated from Lepidosiren paradoxa in the eastern Amazon region. Haemogregarina daviesensis sp. nov. is characterized by monomorphic gametocytes of varying maturity stage and their dimensions were 16 ± 0.12 μm (range 13-18) in length and 6 ± 0.97 μm (range 5-8) in width. The morphological and morphometric data were not identical with other haemogregarine species from fish. All specimens of L. paradoxa analyzed were infected by H. daviesensis sp. nov. and the parasitemia level was moderate (1-28/2000 blood erythrocytes). Two sequences were obtained from L. paradoxa, and these constituted a monophyletic sister clade to the Haemogregarina species. In addition, H. daviesensis sp. nov. detected here grouped with Haemogregarina sp. sequences isolated from chelonian Macrochelys temminckii, with 99% bootstrap support. This study provides the first data on the molecular phylogeny of an intraerythrocytic haemogregarine of freshwater fish and highlights the importance of obtaining additional information on aspects of the general biology of these hemoparasites in fish populations, in order to achieve correct taxonomic classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Hugo Esteves-Silva
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá. Rodovia Juscelino Kubitscheck, KM 02, S/N, Jardim Marco Zero, Macapá, Amapá, 68903-419, Brazil
| | - Maria Regina Lucas da Silva
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Distrito de Rubião Junior, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Lucia Helena O'Dwyer
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Distrito de Rubião Junior, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Marcos Tavares-Dias
- Embrapa Amapá, Rodovia Juscelino Kubitscheck, Km 5, 2600, Universidade, Macapá, Amapá, 68903-419, Brazil
| | - Lúcio André Viana
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá. Rodovia Juscelino Kubitscheck, KM 02, S/N, Jardim Marco Zero, Macapá, Amapá, 68903-419, Brazil.
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Schaeffner BC, Smit NJ. Parasites of cartilaginous fishes (Chondrichthyes) in South Africa - a neglected field of marine science. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 2019; 66. [PMID: 30919826 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2019.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Southern Africa is considered one of the world's 'hotspots' for the diversity of cartilaginous fishes (Chondrichthyes), with currently 204 reported species. Although numerous literature records and treatises on chondrichthyan fishes are available, a paucity of information exists on the biodiversity of their parasites. Chondrichthyan fishes are parasitised by several groups of protozoan and metazoan organisms that live either permanently or temporarily on and within their hosts. Reports of parasites infecting elasmobranchs and holocephalans in South Africa are sparse and information on most parasitic groups is fragmentary or entirely lacking. Parasitic copepods constitute the best-studied group with currently 70 described species (excluding undescribed species or nomina nuda) from chondrichthyans. Given the large number of chondrichthyan species present in southern Africa, it is expected that only a mere fraction of the parasite diversity has been discovered to date and numerous species await discovery and description. This review summarises information on all groups of parasites of chondrichthyan hosts and demonstrates the current knowledge of chondrichthyan parasites in South Africa. Checklists are provided displaying the host-parasite and parasite-host data known to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjoern C Schaeffner
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, Potchefstroom Campus, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Nico J Smit
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, Potchefstroom Campus, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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Oliveira AT, Araújo MLG, Pantoja-Lima J, Aride PHR, Tavares-Dias M, Brinn RP, Marcon JL. Cyrilia sp. (Apicomplexa: Haemogregarinidae) in the Amazonian freshwater stingray Potamotrygon wallacei (cururu stingray) in different hydrological phases of the Rio Negro. BRAZ J BIOL 2016; 77:413-416. [PMID: 27533723 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Intraerythrocytic parasites are frequently found in fish, including elasmobranchs. The Amazonian rivers present well defined annual hydrological cycles that results in drastic modifications of the environmental conditions with deep implications in the life cycle of the whole associated biota in those fluvial systems. The freshwater stingray Potamotrygon wallacei (stingray cururu) is a new species restricted to the Middle Rio Negro basin and it is subject to strong alterations in their natural habitats (igapós) a result of the constant variations in the water level of Rio Negro. This work demonstrates the occurrence of intraerythrocytic parasite Cyrilia sp. in this stingray species. Additionally, the prevalence and quantification of hemoparasites in different phases of Rio Negro were also established. Field sampling was carried in the Archipelago of Mariuá, Middle Rio Negro, involving different stages of the water cycle. The intraerythrocytic parasites were quantified by direct counting in blood smears using a total counting of 2000 erythrocytes in each blood smear. The presence of parasites intraerythrocytic generates changes in the morphology of blood cell. The largest amount of the hemoparasites was recorded in the drought period. We observed a decreasing tendency in the number of parasites in the blood between the drought periods and inundation. We concluded that the level of Negro River influences the incidence of intraerythrocytic parasites in the cururu stingray and the drought represents the period of larger susceptibility to the infestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Oliveira
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Amazonas - IFAM, Campus Manaus Centro, Avenida 7 de Setembro, 1975, CEP 69020-120, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - M L G Araújo
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco - UFRPE, Campus Recife, Avenida Dois Irmãos, s/n, CEP 52171-900, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - J Pantoja-Lima
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Amazonas - IFAM, Campus Presidente Figueiredo, Avenida Onça Pintada, 1308, CEP 69735-000, Presidente Figueiredo, AM, Brazil
| | - P H R Aride
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Amazonas - IFAM, Campus Manaus Distrito Industrial, Avenida Danilo Areosa, 1672, CEP 69735-690, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - M Tavares-Dias
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisas Agropecuárias - EMBRAPA, Rodovia Juscelino Kubitschek, Km 5, CEP 68903-419, Macapá, AP, Brazil
| | - R P Brinn
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University - FIU, 3000 NE 150 St. 33181, Miami, FL, USA
| | - J L Marcon
- Laboratório de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas - UFAM, Avenida General Rodrigo Octávio Jordão Ramos, 3000, CEP 69077-000, Manaus, AM, Brazil
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