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Lu G, Hu R, Dong Z, Wang J, Yang W, Wang C. Bibliometric and Correlation Analysis of Bariatric Surgery Researches in Asia-Pacific from 2000 to 2021. Obes Facts 2023; 16:484-496. [PMID: 37598680 PMCID: PMC10601626 DOI: 10.1159/000533152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bariatric surgery has grown in popularity over the past two decades, especially in the Asia-Pacific. Correspondingly, researchers' interest in this field has also increased. This study aims to perform a bibliometric analysis of publications from Asia-Pacific represented by the International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders Asia-Pacific Chapter (IFSO-APC) and investigate the relevant factors that might affect the publications. METHODS The search terms for bariatric surgery were searched in Web of Science focusing on the period 2000-2021. Bibliometric analysis was performed after screening the search results. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed on the number of publications and corresponding indicators obtained from official agencies. RESULTS A total of 9,547 publications in IFSO-APC were retrieved, of which China had the largest number with 2,782 publications. Authors and journals with major contributions were listed. The authors' or affiliations' cooperation networks mainly were limited to domestic. "Bariatric surgery" was the most frequent keyword with 2,063 times and also the largest cluster. "Morbid obesity" was the strongest citation bursts. Multivariate analysis found that the number of publications in each country/region was associated with body mass index ≥25 kg/m2, gross domestic product, and total population. CONCLUSION Generally, Asia-Pacific represented by IFSO-APC scientific publications on bariatric surgery has grown significantly in the last two decades, but cooperation between countries/regions should be strengthened. "Morbid obesity" is the focus and frontier of research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanhua Lu
- Department of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint University Laboratory of Metabolic and Molecular Medicine, The University of Hong Kong and Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruixiang Hu
- Department of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint University Laboratory of Metabolic and Molecular Medicine, The University of Hong Kong and Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyong Dong
- Department of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint University Laboratory of Metabolic and Molecular Medicine, The University of Hong Kong and Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Jinan University Institute of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianxue Wang
- Department of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint University Laboratory of Metabolic and Molecular Medicine, The University of Hong Kong and Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wah Yang
- Department of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint University Laboratory of Metabolic and Molecular Medicine, The University of Hong Kong and Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Jinan University Institute of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cunchuan Wang
- Department of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint University Laboratory of Metabolic and Molecular Medicine, The University of Hong Kong and Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Jinan University Institute of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders, Guangzhou, China
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2
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Pardamean CI, Sudigyo D, Budiarto A, Mahesworo B, Hidayat AA, Baurley JW, Pardamean B. Changing Colorectal Cancer Trends in Asians: Epidemiology and Risk Factors. Oncol Rev 2023; 17:10576. [PMID: 37284188 PMCID: PMC10241074 DOI: 10.3389/or.2023.10576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Once an infrequent disease in parts of Asia, the rate of colorectal cancer in recent decades appears to be steadily increasing. Colorectal cancer represents one of the most important causes of cancer mortality worldwide, including in many regions in Asia. Rapid changes in socioeconomic and lifestyle habits have been attributed to the notable increase in the incidence of colorectal cancers in many Asian countries. Through published data from the International Agency for Cancer Research (IARC), we utilized available continuous data to determine which Asian nations had a rise in colorectal cancer rates. We found that East and South East Asian countries had a significant rise in colorectal cancer rates. Subsequently, we summarized here the known genetics and environmental risk factors for colorectal cancer among populations in this region as well as approaches to screening and early detection that have been considered across various countries in the region.
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The Relationship Between Colorectal Cancer and Abdominal Adipose Tissue Distribution. JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.16899/jcm.879490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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4
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Zhang Y, Zhao X, Li Y, Wang Y, Chen M. Association between the omentin-1 gene rs2274907 A>T polymorphism and colorectal cancer in the Chinese Han population: a case-control study. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:3000605211006522. [PMID: 33823642 PMCID: PMC8033482 DOI: 10.1177/03000605211006522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the relationship between the omentin-1 gene rs2274907 A>T polymorphism and colorectal cancer (CRC) in the Chinese Han population. METHODS rs2274907 A>T was assessed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Plasma omentin-1 expression from 358 patients with CRC and 286 healthy controls was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. CRC and control groups were divided into subgroups according to the body mass index (BMI) threshold of 25 kg/m2. RESULTS No significant differences were observed between CRC and control groups in terms of genotype or allele frequencies of rs2274907 A>T. Compared with individuals with BMI <25 kg/m2 and the rs2274907 TT genotype, those with AA+AT genotypes and BMI ≥25 kg/m2 had a 3.027-fold increased risk of CRC. A significant tendency toward a higher stage of colorectal adenocarcinomas and depth of invasion was observed in individuals with the rs2274907 AA genotype compared with other genotypes. CONCLUSIONS The omentin-1 gene rs2274907 A>T polymorphism does not seem to play a critical role in the development of CRC in the Chinese Han population, but an interaction between the rs2274907 A allele and BMI may increase the CRC risk. The rs2274907 AA genotype is a potential biomarker for CRC stage progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaotong Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Yongxiang Li
- Division of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Youmin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Mingwei Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Peoples Republic of China.,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Diabetes Prevention, Anhui Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People's Republic of China
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Ahmad R, Singh JK, Wunnava A, Al-Obeed O, Abdulla M, Srivastava SK. Emerging trends in colorectal cancer: Dysregulated signaling pathways (Review). Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:14. [PMID: 33655327 PMCID: PMC7834960 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequently detected type of cancer, and the second most common cause of cancer‑related mortality globally. The American Cancer Society predicted that approximately 147,950 individuals would be diagnosed with CRC, out of which 53,200 individuals would succumb to the disease in the USA alone in 2020. CRC‑related mortality ranks third among both males and females in the USA. CRC arises from 3 major pathways: i) The adenoma‑carcinoma sequence; ii) serrated pathway; and iii) the inflammatory pathway. The majority of cases of CRC are sporadic and result from risk factors, such as a sedentary lifestyle, obesity, processed diets, alcohol consumption and smoking. CRC is also a common preventable cancer. With widespread CRC screening, the incidence and mortality from CRC have decreased in developed countries. However, over the past few decades, CRC cases and mortality have been on the rise in young adults (age, <50 years). In addition, CRC cases are increasing in developing countries with a low gross domestic product (GDP) due to lifestyle changes. CRC is an etiologically heterogeneous disease classified by tumor location and alterations in global gene expression. Accumulating genetic and epigenetic perturbations and aberrations over time in tumor suppressor genes, oncogenes and DNA mismatch repair genes could be a precursor to the onset of colorectal cancer. CRC can be divided as sporadic, familial, and inherited depending on the origin of the mutation. Germline mutations in APC and MLH1 have been proven to play an etiological role, resulting in the predisposition of individuals to CRC. Genetic alterations cause the dysregulation of signaling pathways leading to drug resistance, the inhibition of apoptosis and the induction of proliferation, invasion and migration, resulting in CRC development and metastasis. Timely detection and effective precision therapies based on the present knowledge of CRC is essential for successful treatment and patient survival. The present review presents the CRC incidence, risk factors, dysregulated signaling pathways and targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehan Ahmad
- Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, King Saud University College of Medicine, Riyadh 11472, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jaikee Kumar Singh
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303007, India
| | - Amoolya Wunnava
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303007, India
| | - Omar Al-Obeed
- Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, King Saud University College of Medicine, Riyadh 11472, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Abdulla
- Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, King Saud University College of Medicine, Riyadh 11472, Saudi Arabia
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6
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Giusti EM, Spatola CA, Brunani A, Kumbhare D, Oral A, Ilieva E, Kiekens C, Pietrabissa G, Manzoni GM, Imamura M, Castelnuovo G, Capodaglio P. ISPRM/ESPRM guidelines on Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine professional practice for adults with obesity and related comorbidities. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2020; 56:496-507. [PMID: 32293813 DOI: 10.23736/s1973-9087.20.06232-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared obesity as the largest global chronic health problem in adults. In the last years, attention has been drawn to rehabilitative interventions for patients with obesity. AIM The aim of this manuscript is to provide Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (PRM) physicians with evidence-based recommendations for the rehabilitation of patients with overweight or obesity and related comorbidities. DESIGN Evidence-based guidelines. POPULATION Adults with overweight or obesity. METHODS Guidelines were based on GRADE and WHO recommendations. A comprehensive search of the available evidence about rehabilitation treatments for obesity was performed, and 17 separate systematic literature reviews were conducted. For each outcome, estimates of the effects of rehabilitation treatments were computed and employed along with an assessment of quality of evidence, desirable and undesirable effects, values and preferences to formulate the recommendations. Recommendations were reviewed by a consensus expert panel using a modified Delphi process. RESULTS We strongly recommend providing comprehensive multiprofessional and multidisciplinary interventions including exercise, diet and behavioral or cognitive-behavioral therapy. The nutritional component of these treatments should include diets with either a high-protein or a low-fat content. It is strongly recommended to prescribe frequent moderate aerobic exercise. We strongly recommend providing cognitive-behavioral interventions as the behavioral component of rehabilitation programs. CONCLUSIONS PRM physicians should lead multidisciplinary teams providing comprehensive and individualized rehabilitation programs for patients with overweight or obesity. These guidelines were endorsed by the International Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (ISPRM) and by the European Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (ESPRM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele M Giusti
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy - .,Psychology Research Laboratory, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, San Giuseppe Hospital, Verbania, Italy -
| | - Chiara A Spatola
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy.,Psychology Research Laboratory, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, San Giuseppe Hospital, Verbania, Italy
| | - Amelia Brunani
- Rehabilitation Unit and Research Laboratory in Biomechanics and Rehabilitation, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, San Giuseppe Hospital, Verbania, Italy
| | - Dinesh Kumbhare
- Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aydan Oral
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elena Ilieva
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sv. Georgi University Hospital, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Carlotte Kiekens
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven Belgium.,Spinal Unit, Montecatone Rehabilitation Institute, Imola, Italy
| | - Giada Pietrabissa
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy.,Psychology Research Laboratory, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, San Giuseppe Hospital, Verbania, Italy
| | - Gian Mauro Manzoni
- Psychology Research Laboratory, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, San Giuseppe Hospital, Verbania, Italy.,Faculty of Psychology, eCampus University, Novedrate, Como, Italy
| | - Marta Imamura
- Institute of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gianluca Castelnuovo
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy.,Psychology Research Laboratory, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, San Giuseppe Hospital, Verbania, Italy
| | - Paolo Capodaglio
- Rehabilitation Unit and Research Laboratory in Biomechanics and Rehabilitation, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, San Giuseppe Hospital, Verbania, Italy
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7
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Feng W, Huang M, Zhao X, Chen S, Wang C, Chang J, Guo W, Chen Z, Zhu H, Zhu X. Severe loss of visceral fat and skeletal muscle after chemotherapy predicts poor prognosis in metastatic gastric cancer patients without gastrectomy. J Cancer 2020; 11:3310-3317. [PMID: 32231736 PMCID: PMC7097939 DOI: 10.7150/jca.37270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The influence of body composition parameters in cancer prognosis attracted researchers' attention. This study investigated the role of visceral fat and skeletal muscle in the prognosis and efficacy of chemotherapy in metastatic gastric cancer (MGC). Methods: This study included MGC patients without gastrectomy treated with EOF regimen (epirubicin, oxaliplatin and fluorouracil), who participated in a Phase II clinical trial (NCT00767377) with available PACS image data. The visceral fat area (VFA) and skeletal muscle area (SMA) were measured using standard computed tomography (CT). Results: A total of 46 patients were enrolled in the study. Patients with low baseline VFA and SMA had significantly shorter PFS and OS. In addition, the loss of VFA and SMA also predicts significantly shorter PFS and OS. A prognostic index that included two risk factors, severe loss of VFA and SMA, was used to categorize the patients into two groups: good-risk group (0 risk factors), poor-risk group (1 or 2 risk factors). Compared with the good-risk group, the poor-risk group displayed a 3.562-fold-increased risk of progression [hazard ratio (HR) 3.652, 95 % CI 1.653-7.678; P =0.001] and 2.859-fold-increased risk of death [hazard ratio (HR) 2.859, 95 % CI 1.271-6.434; P =0.011]. Conclusion: Low baseline VFA and SMA, as well as the severe loss of VFA and SMA predict poor prognosis for MGC patients treated by EOF regimen. In patients with severe loss of VFA and/or SMA after 2-cycle chemotherapy, the decision of subsequent chemotherapy should be made after deliberate consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjing Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong' An Road, Shanghai200032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 130 Dong' An Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhu Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong' An Road, Shanghai200032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 130 Dong' An Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoying Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong' An Road, Shanghai200032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 130 Dong' An Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong' An Road, Shanghai200032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 130 Dong' An Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenchen Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong' An Road, Shanghai200032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 130 Dong' An Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinjia Chang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong' An Road, Shanghai200032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 130 Dong' An Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijian Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong' An Road, Shanghai200032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 130 Dong' An Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyu Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong' An Road, Shanghai200032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 130 Dong' An Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 130 Dong' An Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong' An Road, Shanghai200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong' An Road, Shanghai200032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 130 Dong' An Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
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8
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The Chronic Liver Disease Nurse Role in Australia: Describing 10 Years of a New Role in Cirrhosis Management. Gastroenterol Nurs 2020; 43:E9-E15. [PMID: 31904629 DOI: 10.1097/sga.0000000000000424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cirrhosis of the liver is increasing, with growing patient numbers in hospital outpatient departments, as well as increasing admissions due to decompensated liver disease. Decompensated cirrhosis of the liver is a common and debilitating illness causing disability, readmissions to hospital, and decreased quality of life, and can lead to liver cancer. The advent of the chronic liver disease nurse (CLDN) position in our hospital in 2009 was the first role in Australia dedicated to providing care to patients with cirrhosis. The role incorporates the care of patients with stable compensated disease, case management of patients with complications of decompensated disease, and hepatocellular carcinoma coordination. After a pilot randomized controlled trial and almost 10 years of service, this article describes the role of the CLDN and presents key performance indicators that will assist other centers considering introducing the role or elements of it into their service.
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9
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Giusti E, Spatola CM, Brunani A, Kumbhare D, Oral A, Ilieva E, Kiekens C, Pietrabissa G, Manzoni G, Imamura M, Castelnuovo G, Capodaglio P. International society of physical and rehabilitation medicine/European society of physical and rehabilitation medicine guidelines on physical and rehabilitation medicine professional practice for adults with obesity and related comorbidities. THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF PHYSICAL AND REHABILITATION MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/jisprm.jisprm_6_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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10
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Yang JD, Hainaut P, Gores GJ, Amadou A, Plymoth A, Roberts LR. A global view of hepatocellular carcinoma: trends, risk, prevention and management. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 16:589-604. [PMID: 31439937 PMCID: PMC6813818 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-019-0186-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2331] [Impact Index Per Article: 466.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Risk factors for HCC include chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis C, alcohol addiction, metabolic liver disease (particularly nonalcoholic fatty liver disease) and exposure to dietary toxins such as aflatoxins and aristolochic acid. All these risk factors are potentially preventable, highlighting the considerable potential of risk prevention for decreasing the global burden of HCC. HCC surveillance and early detection increase the chance of potentially curative treatment; however, HCC surveillance is substantially underutilized, even in countries with sufficient medical resources. Early-stage HCC can be treated curatively by local ablation, surgical resection or liver transplantation. Treatment selection depends on tumour characteristics, the severity of underlying liver dysfunction, age, other medical comorbidities, and available medical resources and local expertise. Catheter-based locoregional treatment is used in patients with intermediate-stage cancer. Kinase and immune checkpoint inhibitors have been shown to be effective treatment options in patients with advanced-stage HCC. Together, rational deployment of prevention, attainment of global goals for viral hepatitis eradication, and improvements in HCC surveillance and therapy hold promise for achieving a substantial reduction in the worldwide HCC burden within the next few decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Dong Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Pierre Hainaut
- Tumor Molecular Biology and Biomarkers Group, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm U 1209 CNRS UMR5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Gregory J Gores
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Amina Amadou
- Tumor Molecular Biology and Biomarkers Group, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm U 1209 CNRS UMR5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Amelie Plymoth
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lewis R Roberts
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA.
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11
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Im JP, Kim D, Chung SJ, Jin EH, Han YM, Park MJ, Song JH, Yang SY, Kim YS, Yim JY, Lim SH, Kim JS. Visceral obesity as a risk factor for colorectal adenoma occurrence in surveillance colonoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc 2018; 88:119-127.e4. [PMID: 29510147 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2018.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The aim of this study was to examine the prospective association between visceral obesity and the incidence and recurrence of colorectal adenoma. METHODS We conducted a cohort study involving 2244 participants between 2006 and 2007. The study participants were prospectively followed until 2014 according to the initial colonoscopy and histopathology findings. Incident and recurrent colorectal adenoma groups were defined as individuals with a positive follow-up colonoscopy result from the normal results and adenoma groups, respectively, at the baseline colonoscopy. RESULTS Among the 1163 patients (51.8%) who received a follow-up colonoscopy, 509 (43.8%) and 654 (56.2%) were grouped into the normal and adenoma cohorts. Colorectal adenomas occurred in 592 patients (50.9%) during the median period of 43 months, with an incident adenoma prevalence of 39.1% and a recurrent adenoma prevalence of 60.1%. An increase in the visceral adipose tissue (VAT) area was associated with a higher incidence of adenoma (highest quintile vs lowest quintile of the VAT hazard ratios [HRs], 2.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26-3.71; HR 1.32 [per 1-standard deviation]; 95% CI, 1.10-1.60) in the multivariable analysis. Increases in body mass index and waist circumference were associated with recurrent adenomas (HR 1.33 [per 1 kg/m2], 95% CI, 1.18-1.46; HR 1.04 [per 1 cm], 95% CI, 1.01-1.07, respectively) in the multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION A higher VAT area was dose-dependently associated with a higher risk of incident adenoma. Furthermore, increases in body mass index and waist circumference as surrogate markers of abdominal obesity were associated with a higher risk of recurrent adenoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Pil Im
- Department of Internal medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Donghee Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Su Jin Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Hyo Jin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoo Min Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Jung Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Young Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Sun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Yoon Yim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seon Hee Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo Sung Kim
- Department of Internal medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
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12
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Huang L, Wei ZJ, Li TJ, Jiang YM, Xu AM. A prospective appraisal of preoperative body mass index in D2-resected patients with non-metastatic gastric carcinoma and Siewert type II/III adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction: results from a large-scale cohort. Oncotarget 2017; 8:68165-68179. [PMID: 28978106 PMCID: PMC5620246 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To prospectively investigate associations of presurgical body mass index (BMI) with clinicopathological factors and its prognostic significance in radically D2-resected patients with non-metastasized gastric cancer (GC) and Siewert type II/III adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction (AEG). Methods A large prospective cohort consisting of radically-resected GC and AEG patients was analyzed. Follow-up was successful in 671 out of 700 patients, who were categorized into underweight (BMI<18.5), normal-weight (BMI=18.5-22.9), overweight (BMI=23-24.9), and obese (BMI≥25) groups according to Asian standards. BMI-associated factors were explored using multivariable logistic regression with adjustment. Cancer-specific survival analyses were conducted applying both univariable and multivariable Cox regression methods. Results Pre-operation, higher hemoglobin levels and smaller anemia proportions were observed in larger BMI groups. Higher BMI tended to be associated with higher neutrophil-lymphocyte ratios (NLRs). Patients with higher BMI had smaller tumors and more often stage I tumors, but longer surgical time and postsurgical stay. In multivariable analyses, higher hemoglobin levels, upper tumor location, poorer differentiation, and higher NLR were significantly associated with higher BMI. Overall, survival analyses revealed no significant role of BMI. However, in further stratifications after adjustment, compared to patients with normal BMI, obese patients had better survival in women, but worse in those with AEG; underweight was associated with reduced mortality risk in tumors differentiated well to moderately; overweight patients had increased death hazard when having thrombocytopenia. Conclusion Overall, preoperative BMI had limited prognostic significance in operated GC patients. However, under specific conditions (e.g., female, AEG, good differentiation, and thrombocytopenia), BMI might indicate postoperative survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhi-Jian Wei
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Tuan-Jie Li
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Ming Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - A-Man Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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13
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Joshi BP, Dai Z, Gao Z, Lee JH, Ghimire N, Chen J, Prabhu A, Wamsteker EJ, Kwon RS, Elta GH, Stoffel EM, Pant A, Kaltenbach T, Soetikno RM, Appelman HD, Kuick R, Turgeon DK, Wang TD. Detection of Sessile Serrated Adenomas in the Proximal Colon Using Wide-Field Fluorescence Endoscopy. Gastroenterology 2017; 152:1002-1013.e9. [PMID: 28012848 PMCID: PMC5771498 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2016.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Many cancers in the proximal colon develop via from sessile serrated adenomas (SSAs), which have flat, subtle features that are difficult to detect with conventional white-light colonoscopy. Many SSA cells have the V600E mutation in BRAF. We investigated whether this feature could be used with imaging methods to detect SSAs in patients. METHODS We used phage display to identify a peptide that binds specifically to SSAs, using subtractive hybridization with HT29 colorectal cancer cells containing the V600E mutation in BRAF and Hs738.St/Int cells as a control. Binding of fluorescently labeled peptide to colorectal cancer cells was evaluated with confocal fluorescence microscopy. Rats received intra-colonic 0.0086 mg/kg, 0.026 mg/kg, or 0.86 mg/kg peptide or vehicle and morbidity, mortality, and injury were monitored twice daily to assess toxicity. In the clinical safety study, fluorescently labeled peptide was topically administered, using a spray catheter, to the proximal colon of 25 subjects undergoing routine outpatient colonoscopies (3 subjects were given 2.25 μmol/L and 22 patients were given 76.4 μmol/L). We performed blood cell count, chemistry, liver function, and urine analyses approximately 24 hours after peptide administration. In the clinical imaging study, 38 subjects undergoing routine outpatient colonoscopies, at high risk for colorectal cancer, or with a suspected unresected proximal colonic polyp, were first evaluated by white-light endoscopy to identify suspicious regions. The fluorescently labeled peptide (76.4 μmol/L) was administered topically to proximal colon, unbound peptide was washed away, and white-light, reflectance, and fluorescence videos were recorded digitally. Fluorescence intensities of SSAs were compared with those of normal colonic mucosa. Endoscopists resected identified lesions, which were analyzed histologically by gastrointestinal pathologists (reference standard). We also analyzed the ability of the peptide to identify SSAs vs adenomas, hyperplastic polyps, and normal colonic mucosa in specimens obtained from the tissue bank at the University of Michigan. RESULTS We identified the peptide sequence KCCFPAQ and measured an apparent dissociation constant of Kd = 72 nM and an apparent association time constant of K = 0.174 min-1 (5.76 minutes). During fluorescence imaging of patients during endoscopy, regions of SSA had 2.43-fold higher mean fluorescence intensity than that for normal colonic mucosa. Fluorescence labeling distinguished SSAs from normal colonic mucosa with 89% sensitivity and 92% specificity. The peptide had no observed toxic effects in animals or patients. In the analysis of ex vivo specimens, peptide bound to SSAs had significantly higher mean fluorescence intensity than to hyperplastic polyps. CONCLUSIONS We have identified a fluorescently labeled peptide that has no observed toxic effects in animals or humans and can be used for wide-field imaging of lesions in the proximal colon. It distinguishes SSAs from normal colonic mucosa with 89% sensitivity and 92% specificity. This targeted imaging method might be used in early detection of premalignant serrated lesions during routine colonoscopies. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02156557.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishnu P. Joshi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Zhenzhen Dai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Zhenghong Gao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jeong Hoon Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Navin Ghimire
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jing Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Anoop Prabhu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Erik J. Wamsteker
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Richard S. Kwon
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Grace H. Elta
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Elena M. Stoffel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Asha Pant
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Tonya Kaltenbach
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue GI-111 Palo Alto, CA 94304
| | - Roy M. Soetikno
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue GI-111 Palo Alto, CA 94304
| | - Henry D. Appelman
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Rork Kuick
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - D. Kim Turgeon
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Thomas D. Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan,Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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14
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Hamoya T, Fujii G, Miyamoto S, Takahashi M, Totsuka Y, Wakabayashi K, Toshima J, Mutoh M. Effects of NSAIDs on the risk factors of colorectal cancer: a mini review. Genes Environ 2016; 38:6. [PMID: 27350826 PMCID: PMC4918106 DOI: 10.1186/s41021-016-0033-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence from epidemiological and experimental studies has shown that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) reduce the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). The function of NSAIDs and the molecular targets for chemopreventive effects on CRC have been extensively studied and their data were reported. However, the relation between NSAIDs and the risk factors of CRC have not been fully elucidated yet. Thus, relations between NSAIDs and the risk factors of CRC, such as overweight and obesity, alcohol, aging, hypertriglyceridemia and smoking, are summarized with our data and with recent reported data in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Hamoya
- Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan ; Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, , Katsusika-ku Tokyo, 125-8585 Japan
| | - Gen Fujii
- Division of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Shingo Miyamoto
- Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Mami Takahashi
- Central Animal Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Yukari Totsuka
- Division of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Keiji Wakabayashi
- Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku Shizuoka, 422-8526 Japan
| | - Jiro Toshima
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, , Katsusika-ku Tokyo, 125-8585 Japan
| | - Michihiro Mutoh
- Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan ; Division of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
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15
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García-Jiménez C, Gutiérrez-Salmerón M, Chocarro-Calvo A, García-Martinez JM, Castaño A, De la Vieja A. From obesity to diabetes and cancer: epidemiological links and role of therapies. Br J Cancer 2016; 114:716-22. [PMID: 26908326 PMCID: PMC4984860 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2016.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests a complex relationship between obesity, diabetes and cancer. Here we review the evidence for the association between obesity and diabetes and a wide range of cancer types. In many cases the evidence for a positive association is strong, but for other cancer types a more complex picture emerges with some site-specific cancers associated with obesity but not to diabetes, and some associated with type I but not type II diabetes. The evidence therefore suggests the existence of cumulative common and differential mechanisms influencing the relationship between these diseases. Importantly, we highlight the influence of antidiabetics on cancer and antineoplastic agents on diabetes and in particular that antineoplastic targeting of insulin/IGF-1 signalling induces hyperglycaemia that often evolves to overt diabetes. Overall, a coincidence of diabetes and cancer worsens outcome and increases mortality. Future epidemiology should consider dose and time of exposure to both disease and treatment, and should classify cancers by their molecular signatures. Well-controlled studies on the development of diabetes upon cancer treatment are necessary and should identify the underlying mechanisms responsible for these reciprocal interactions. Given the global epidemic of diabetes, preventing both cancer occurrence in diabetics and the onset of diabetes in cancer patients will translate into a substantial socioeconomic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Custodia García-Jiménez
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, University Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcon, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Gutiérrez-Salmerón
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, University Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcon, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Chocarro-Calvo
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, University Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcon, Madrid, Spain
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, UK
| | - Jose Manuel García-Martinez
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, University Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcon, Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel Castaño
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, University Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcon, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, 28942 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio De la Vieja
- Endocrine Tumour Unit (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
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16
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Park JM, Lee HJ, Yoo JH, Ko WJ, Cho JY, Hahm KB. Overview of gastrointestinal cancer prevention in Asia. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2015; 29:855-67. [PMID: 26651248 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2015.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
"War on cancer" was declared through the National Cancer Act by President Richard Nixon in 1971, but cancer statistics from the American Cancer Society and other sources indicated the failure of this war, suggesting instead focus on the message that a "prevention strategy" might be much more effective than cancer treatment. While cancer statistics notoriously showed sharp increases in incidence as well as in mortality concurrent with economic growth in Asia, fortunately Asian countries benefit from plentiful resources of natural compounds, which can prevent cancer. Just like cancer chemotherapeutics targeted to kill cancer cells in Western countries, natural agents activating molecular mechanisms for cancer prevention, reversion of premalignant tumors, and even ablation of cancer stem cells, are very abundant in Asia. Currently, these natural agents are under very active investigations targeting the hallmarks of cancer prevention, including selective induction of apoptosis in cancer cells, suppression of growth factors or their signaling, suppression of cell proliferation and of cancer-promoting angiogenesis, induction of mesenchymal-epithelial transition, and disruption of the tumor microenvironment, developing promising cancer preventive agents. However, Asia is the most populous continent in the world and some Asian countries do not have the resources to implement cancer screening programs for early detection or treatment. In addition, despite the excellent cancer preventive screening strategies in some Asian countries, well-designed clinical trials for cancer prevention are somewhat delayed compared to Western countries. In this review article, several phytochemicals/phytoceuticals produced and studied in different Asian countries will be introduced, including Korean red ginseng (pride of Korea), curcumin (Indian spice for life), black or green tea (popular in Japan/Sri Lanka), genistein from tofu (famous Chinese food), diallylsulfide or S-allylcysteine (garlic, popularly consumed as a food ingredient in many Asian countries), capsaicin, 6-gingerol, flavopiridol, and silymarin (abundant in various Asian foods). Whereas in Western countries cancer chemotherapeutics involve strategies not only to block the growth of the primary tumor, but also to inhibit its progression to metastatic disease, the endless pursuit of effective agents for cancer prevention may be a unique and featured strategy in Asia. More active efforts for clinical application of these principles should be supported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Min Park
- CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA University, CHA Bio Complex, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ho-Jae Lee
- Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Gachon University, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jun Hwan Yoo
- CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA University, CHA Bio Complex, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
| | - Weon Jin Ko
- Digestive Disease Center, CHA University Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joo Young Cho
- Digestive Disease Center, CHA University Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ki Baik Hahm
- CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA University, CHA Bio Complex, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; Digestive Disease Center, CHA University Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Goh KL, Razlan H, Hartono JL, Qua CS, Yoong BK, Koh PS, Abdullah BJJ. Liver cancer in Malaysia: epidemiology and clinical presentation in a multiracial Asian population. J Dig Dis 2015; 16:152-8. [PMID: 25512092 DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.12223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an important cancer in Malaysia. This study aimed to determine the epidemiological characteristics and clinical presentations of patients in a multiracial population consisting of three major Asian races: Malays, Chinese and Indians. METHODS Consecutive patients with HCC were prospectively studied from 2006 to 2009. HCC was diagnosed principally on multiphasic computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans of the liver. The tumor was staged according to the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) classification. RESULTS Altogether, 348 patients were diagnosed with HCC. There were 239 (68.7%) Chinese patients, 71 (20.4%) Malays and 38 (10.9%) Indians, with the median age of 62.5 years and the male to female ratio of 3.4:1. The predominant etiology in Malay and Chinese patients was hepatitis B virus infection (>60%) and in Indian patients was alcohol intake (26.3%) and cryptogenic cause (29.0%). Hepatitis C was seen in 18.3% of Malays, but less than 10% in Chinese and Indians. BCLC staging was: Stage A, 120 (34.5%); Stage B, 75 (21.6%); Stage C, 84 (24.1%); and Stage D, 69 (19.8%). A larger proportion of Indian than Chinese and Malays patients (44.7%) presented with stage D disease. Portal vein invasion was noted in 124 patients (35.6%) and extrahepatic metastases in 68 (19.5%). Surgical resection and radiofrequency ablation with curative intent was carried out in >90% of stage A patients and transarterial chemoembolization in 49.3% and 21.4% of stages B and C patients, respectively. CONCLUSIONS HCC is most common among Chinese, followed by Malays and Indians in Malaysia. The etiology of HCC shows a peculiar racial pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khean-Lee Goh
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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18
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Goh LY, Leow AHR, Goh KL. Observations on the epidemiology of gastrointestinal and liver cancers in the Asia-Pacific region. J Dig Dis 2014; 15:463-8. [PMID: 24894597 DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.12164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) has long been thought to be an Asian type of cancer that is broadly associated with poverty, whereas colorectal cancer (CRC) has been thought to be a Western type of cancer associated with affluence. The incidence of GC has declined dramatically in the West but has a very high incidence in East Asia. The age-standardized incidence rates (ASR) have also declined. The decrease in the incidence of GC is associated with the decrease in the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection worldwide. The discrepancy between a high H. pylori infection rate and a low GC incidence is seen chiefly among southern Asians of Indian origin and has been aptly termed the "Indian enigma". CRC is a new emerging cancer in this region. Some of the highest CRC ASR have been reported from Asian countries, in many of which it has now surpassed that of GC. Liver cancer is also an important cancer in the Asia-Pacific region. The highest ASR worldwide is reported from the Asian countries of Mongolia, Korea and Japan. The predominant underlying etiology across the region has been hepatitis B virus infection, except in Japan, where hepatitis C is an important cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). With mass vaccination of hepatitis B at birth and improved public health measures in many countries, hepatitis B and C are set to decline with time. However, the exponential increase in obesity and consequent non-alcoholic fatty liver disease portends a future epidemic of fatty liver-related HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yen Goh
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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