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Watanabe K, Peyrin-Biroulet L, Danese S, Fujitani Y, Faes M, Oortwijn A, Lindsay JO, Rogler G, Hibi T. Impact of Concomitant Thiopurine on the Efficacy and Safety of Filgotinib in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: Post Hoc Analysis of the Phase 2b/3 SELECTION Study. J Crohns Colitis 2024; 18:801-811. [PMID: 38019901 PMCID: PMC11147794 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjad201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS SELECTION is the first study to assess the impact of concomitant thiopurine and other immunomodulator [IM] use on the efficacy and safety of a Janus kinase inhibitor, filgotinib, in patients with ulcerative colitis. METHODS Data from the phase 2b/3 SELECTION study were used for this post hoc analysis. Patients were randomised [2:2:1] to two induction studies [biologic-naive, biologic-experienced] to filgotinib 200 mg, 100 mg, or placebo. At Week 10, patients receiving filgotinib were re-randomised [2:1] to continue filgotinib or to switch to placebo until Week 58 [maintenance]. Outcomes were compared between subgroups with and without concomitant IM use. RESULTS At Week 10, similar proportions of patients in the +IM and -IM groups treated with filgotinib 200 mg achieved Mayo Clinic Score [MCS] response [biologic-naive: 65.8% vs 66.9%; biologic-experienced: 61.3% vs 50.5%] and clinical remission [biologic-naive: 26.0% vs 26.2%; biologic-experienced: 11.3% vs 11.5%]. At Week 58, similar proportion of patients in the +IM and -IM groups treated with filgotinib 200 mg achieved MCS response [biologic-naive: 74.2% vs 75.0%; biologic-experienced: 45.5% vs 61.4%] and clinical remission [biologic-naive: 51.6% vs 47.4%; biologic-experienced: 22.7% vs 24.3%]. The probability of protocol-specified disease worsening during the maintenance study in patients treated with filgotinib 200 mg did not differ between +IM and -IM groups [p = 0.6700]. No differences were observed in the incidences of adverse events between +IM and -IM groups in the induction/maintenance studies. CONCLUSIONS The efficacy and safety profiles of filgotinib treatment in SELECTION did not differ with or without concomitant IM use. CLINICALTRIALS.GOV IDENTIFIER NCT02914522.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Watanabe
- Department of Internal Medicine for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet
- Department of Gastroenterology, CHRU-Nancy, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
- Inserm, NGERE, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Silvio Danese
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, IRCCS Hospital San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | - James O Lindsay
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Gerhard Rogler
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Toshifumi Hibi
- Center for Advanced IBD Research and Treatment, Kitasato Institute Hospital, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
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Pudipeddi A, Paramsothy S, Kariyawasam V, Paramsothy R, Ghaly S, Haifer C, An YK, Begun J, Connor SJ, Corte C, Ward MG, De Cruz P, Lan-San Fung C, Redmond D, Chan W, Mourad F, Kermeen M, Leong RW. Effects of Thiopurine Withdrawal on Vedolizumab-Treated Patients With Ulcerative Colitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024:S1542-3565(24)00426-9. [PMID: 38729400 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2024.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The impact of thiopurine de-escalation while on vedolizumab versus continuing thiopurine therapy in ulcerative colitis (UC) is unclear. We aimed to determine the effect of thiopurine withdrawal for patients with UC in remission on vedolizumab. METHODS This multicenter randomized controlled trial recruited UC patients on vedolizumab 300 mg intravenously every 8 weeks and a thiopurine. Patients in steroid-free clinical remission for ≥6 months and endoscopic remission/improvement (Mayo endoscopic subscore ≤1) were randomized 2:1 to withdraw or continue thiopurine. Primary outcome was comparing week 48 vedolizumab trough concentrations. Secondary outcomes were clinical relapse (partial Mayo score ≥3 and fecal calprotectin >150 μg/g or increase in Mayo endoscopic subscore ≥1 from baseline), fecal calprotectin remission (<150 μg/g), C-reactive protein remission (<5 mg/L), centrally read endoscopic remission (Mayo endoscopic subscore = 0), histologic remission (Nancy index = 0), histo-endoscopic remission, and adverse events. RESULTS In total, 62 patients were randomized to continue (n = 20) or withdraw (n = 42) thiopurine. At week 48, vedolizumab trough concentrations were not significantly different between continue and withdrawal groups (14.7 μg/mL, interquartile rate [IQR], 12.3-18.5 μg/mL versus 15.9 μg/mL, IQR, 10.1-22.7 μg/mL, respectively, P = 0.36). The continue group had significantly higher fecal calprotectin remission (95.0%, 19/20 versus 71.4%, 30/42; P = .03), histologic remission (80.0%, 16/20 versus 48.6%, 18/37; P = .02), and histo-endoscopic remission (75.0%, 15/20 versus 32.4%, 12/37; P = .002) than the withdrawal group. Histologic activity (hazard ratio [HR], 15.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.6-146.5; P = .02) and prior anti-tumor necrosis factor exposure (HR, 6.5; 95% CI, 1.3-33.8; P = .03) predicted clinical relapse after thiopurine withdrawal. CONCLUSIONS Thiopurine withdrawal did not affect vedolizumab trough concentrations. However, it may increase fecal calprotectin, histologic, and histo-endoscopic activity. Histologic activity and prior anti-tumor necrosis factor exposure may predict disease relapse on thiopurine withdrawal for patients using vedolizumab for UC. Australian and New Zealand Trial Registry, number ACTRN12618000812291.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviv Pudipeddi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Sudarshan Paramsothy
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Viraj Kariyawasam
- Department of Gastroenterology, Blacktown Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Blacktown Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ramesh Paramsothy
- Department of Gastroenterology, Blacktown Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Simon Ghaly
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, St Vincent's Healthcare Campus, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Craig Haifer
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, St Vincent's Healthcare Campus, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yoon-Kyo An
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mater Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jakob Begun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mater Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Susan J Connor
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, Australia; South West Sydney Clinical Campuses, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Crispin Corte
- AW Morrow Gastroenterology Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mark G Ward
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Peter De Cruz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, Austin Academic Centre, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Caroline Lan-San Fung
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Diane Redmond
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Webber Chan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Fadi Mourad
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Melissa Kermeen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rupert W Leong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Xu F, Yang F, Qiu Y, Wang C, Zou Q, Wang L, Li X, Jin M, Liu K, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Li B. The alleviative effect of C-phycocyanin peptides against TNBS-induced inflammatory bowel disease in zebrafish via the MAPK/Nrf2 signaling pathways. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 145:109351. [PMID: 38171429 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an incurable and highly complex chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) affecting millions of people worldwide. C-phycocyanin (C-PC) has been reported to possess outstanding anti-inflammatory activities and can effectively inhibit various inflammation-related diseases. Whether C-PC-derived bioactive peptides can inhibit intestinal inflammation is worth research and consideration. METHODS The inhibition activities of three anti-neuroinflammatory peptides were evaluated using 2-4-6-trinitrobenzen sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced zebrafish colitis model. Subsequently, the abilities of peptides to promote gastrointestinal motility were also examined. The changes in the intestinal pathological symptoms and ultrastructure of intestinal, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and antioxidant enzymes were then determined after co-treatment with peptides and TNBS. Transcriptome analysis was used to investigate the underlying ameliorating TNBS-induced colitis effects molecular mechanisms of better activity peptide. Furthermore, quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and molecular docking techniques verified the mRNA sequencing results. RESULTS Three peptides, MHLWAAK, MAQAAEYYR and MDYYFEER, which significantly inhibit macrophage migration, were synthesized. The results showed that these peptides could effectively alleviate the inflammatory responses in the TNBS-induced zebrafish model of colitis. In addition, co-treatment with TNBS and C-PC peptides could decrease ROS production and increase antioxidant enzyme activities in zebrafish larvae. Moreover, MHLWAAK had the most significantly therapeutic effects on colitis in zebrafish. The transcriptome analysis suggests that the effect of MHLWAAK on TNBS-induced colitis may be associated with the modulation of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway associated genes. In addition, molecular docking was conducted to study the prospective interaction between peptides and the key proteins that streamline the Nrf2 and MAPK signaling pathways. IL-6, JNK3, TNF-α, KEAP1-NRF2 complex and MAPK may be the core targets of MHLWAAK in treating colitis. CONCLUSION The results suggested that the three C-PC-derived peptides could ameliorate TNBS-induced colitis in zebrafish, and these peptides might be a promising therapeutic candidate for UC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghua Xu
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250103, China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250103, China; Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250103, China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250103, China
| | - Yuezi Qiu
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250103, China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250103, China
| | - Chuansen Wang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250103, China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250103, China
| | - Qinglin Zou
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250103, China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250103, China
| | - Lizhen Wang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250103, China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250103, China
| | - Xiaobin Li
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250103, China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250103, China
| | - Meng Jin
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250103, China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250103, China
| | - Kechun Liu
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250103, China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250103, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250103, China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250103, China.
| | - Yun Zhang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250103, China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250103, China.
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.
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Huang Y, Liu J, Liang D. Comprehensive analysis reveals key genes and environmental toxin exposures underlying treatment response in ulcerative colitis based on in-silico analysis and Mendelian randomization. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:14141-14171. [PMID: 38059894 PMCID: PMC10756092 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND UC is increasingly prevalent worldwide and represents a significant global disease burden. Although medical therapeutics are employed, they often fall short of being optimal, leaving patients struggling with treatment non-responsiveness and many related complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study utilized gene microarray data and clinical information from GEO. Gene enrichment and differential expression analyses were conducted using Metascape and Limma, respectively. Lasso Regression Algorithm was constructed using glmnet and heat maps were generated using pheatmap. ROC curves were used to assess diagnostic parameter capability, while XSum was employed to screen for small-molecule drugs exacerbating UC. Molecular docking was carried out using Autodock Vina. The study also performed Mendelian randomization analysis based on TwoSampleMR and used CTD to investigate the relationship between exposure to environmental chemical toxicants and UC therapy responsiveness. RESULTS Six genes (ELL2, DAPP1, SAMD9L, CD38, IGSF6, and LYN) were found to be significantly overexpressed in UC patient samples that did not respond to multiple therapies. Lasso analysis identified ELL2 and DAPP1 as key genes influencing UC treatment response. Both genes accurately predicted intestinal inflammation in UC and impacted the immunological infiltration status. Clofibrate showed therapeutic potential for UC by binding to ELL2 and DAPP1 proteins. The study also reviews environmental toxins and drug exposures that could impact UC progression. CONCLUSIONS We used microarray technology to identify DAPP1 and ELL2 as key genes that impact UC treatment response and inflammatory progression. Clofibrate was identified as a promising UC treatment. Our review also highlights the impact of environmental toxins on UC treatment response, providing valuable insights for personalized clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhou Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The PLA Navy Anqing Hospital, Anqing 246000, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui Province, China
| | - Dingbao Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The PLA Navy Anqing Hospital, Anqing 246000, Anhui Province, China
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Jeffrey AW, Picardo S, Menon S, So K, Venugopal K. Combination therapy is not associated with improved rates of clinical or endoscopic remission in patients with inflammatory bowel disease treated with ustekinumab or vedolizumab: a retrospective study. Ann Gastroenterol 2023; 36:430-436. [PMID: 37396006 PMCID: PMC10304522 DOI: 10.20524/aog.2023.0808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) involves biological agents, often in combination with thiopurines or methotrexate. The aim of our study was to compare clinical and endoscopic outcomes in IBD patients treated with vedolizumab or ustekinumab, as monotherapy or in combination with thiopurines or methotrexate. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of all patients aged ≥18 years with a diagnosis of ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease, commenced on vedolizumab or ustekinumab between October 2015 and March 2022. Primary outcome was clinical remission or response calculated by partial Mayo score (remission: <3; response: improvement >1) for ulcerative colitis or Harvey-Bradshaw index (<5, >2 respectively) for Crohn's disease over 1 year. Secondary endpoints were treatment failure, relapse, endoscopic remission at 1 year. Statistical analysis was done using 2-sample Student's t and chi-square tests. Results A total of 159 IBD patients were included in the study, 85 (53%) on vedolizumab and 74 (47%) on ustekinumab. For those on vedolizumab, 61 (72%) patients had ulcerative colitis, and 24 (28%) has Crohn's disease. All patients on ustekinumab had Crohn's disease. Mean disease duration in was 9.4 and 13.5 years respectively. There was no difference in clinical response or remission for vedolizumab or ustekinumab monotherapy compared to combination therapy at 1 year. There was also no difference in treatment failure, relapse or endoscopic remission. Conclusion Combining vedolizumab or ustekinumab with an immunomodulator is not superior to monotherapy in terms of clinical response or endoscopic remission up to 1 year in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angus W. Jeffrey
- Department of Gastroenterology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Sherman Picardo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Shankar Menon
- Department of Gastroenterology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Kenji So
- Department of Gastroenterology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Kannan Venugopal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia
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Early Clinical Remission Is a Predictor of Long-Term Remission with the Use of Vedolizumab for Ulcerative Colitis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102526. [PMID: 36289788 PMCID: PMC9599457 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Vedolizumab (VDZ) is an α4β7 integrin-antibody used to manage refractory ulcerative colitis (UC). This retrospective multicenter study aimed to identify predictors of efficacy or the time points when evaluation of VDZ therapy for UC would be most useful. We compiled data on 87 patients with moderate to severe active UC that was treated with VDZ. Overall clinical remission (CR) rates at 6 weeks and 52 weeks after VDZ administration were 44.4% (bio-naïve 44.2%, bio-failure 44.8%) and 52.8% (bio-naïve 53.5%, bio-failure 51.7%) respectively. Also, 83.3% (bio-naïve 81.3%, bio-failure 85.7%) of patients achieved mucosal healing at week 52. Among patients with a CR at week 52, 73.3% had a CR at week 6. In contrast, of patients who discontinued VDZ, 82.4% had not reached a CR at week 6. Our study demonstrated that VDZ was effective in a large percentage of UC patients, with a high mucosal healing rate even after prior biological exposures. This suggests that VDZ can be a treatment option even in bio-failure cases. Additionally, it was considered that early CR can predict long-term remission and that week 6 can be a helpful evaluation point for treatment decisions when using VDZ for UC.
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Pinton P. Combination of vedolizumab and immunomodulators in ulcerative colitis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 36:3556. [PMID: 34519096 PMCID: PMC9290656 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P Pinton
- Translational Medicine and Clinical PharmacologyFerring Pharmaceuticals A/S, International PharmaScience CenterCopenhagen SDenmark
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