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Chan AKY, Chu CH, Ogawa H, Lai EHH. Improving oral health of older adults for healthy ageing. J Dent Sci 2024; 19:1-7. [PMID: 38303786 PMCID: PMC10829734 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2023.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this article is to discuss the importance of oral health in achieving healthy ageing and the role of all stakeholders in improving oral health for older adults. The World Health Organization defined healthy ageing as the process of developing and maintaining the functional ability that enables well-being in older age. It recognized healthy ageing as an important goal and the key to turn population ageing from a challenge to an opportunity. Healthy ageing has positive impacts on individual older adults, their families and societies. It enhances quality of life of older adults, strengthen family bonding of families and reduce resource demand of the societies. Maintaining oral health and function is essential in healthy ageing. Oral health affects systemic health, cognitive health and psychological health. Oral functions such as eating ensure nutritional health in older adults. Most oral diseases are preventable and oral function decline can be recovered by intervention. Unfortunately, oral diseases remain prevalent and oral function decline is being neglected in older adults. Policy makers, national dental associations, academics and healthcare professionals should collaborate to provide a patient-centred, comprehensive and integrated care to older adults. Health policy reforms are needed to reduce the global oral health inequalities in older adults. Population-wide prevention should be accessible, affordable and available to older adults. Universal oral health coverage is crucial for integration of oral health into general health care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chun Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hiroshi Ogawa
- Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Eddie Hsiang-Hua Lai
- School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Oral Health, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan
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Kino S, Tamada Y, Takeuchi K, Nakagomi A, Shiba K, Kusama T, Yamamoto T, Aida J. Exploring the relationship between oral health and multiple health conditions: An outcome-wide approach. J Prosthodont Res 2023:JPR_D_23_00091. [PMID: 37574274 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_23_00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE A growing body of evidence suggests that oral health is associated with a wide range of health outcomes; however, opinions tend to vary because of inconsistent findings. This study aimed to simultaneously examine the association between oral health status and multiple health and well-being indicators using outcome-wide epidemiology. METHODS Data were obtained from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study. Oral health status was categorized as: ≥20 teeth, 10-19 teeth with dental prosthesis, 0-9 teeth with prosthesis, 10-19 teeth without prosthesis, and 0-9 teeth without prosthesis. We examined the associations between oral health status in 2013 and 35 health and well-being outcomes in 2019, including physical/cognitive health, psychological distress, subjective health, social well-being, prosocial/altruistic behaviors, and health behaviors, using two databases (n=32,827 and 15,905). RESULTS Compared to individuals with ≥20 teeth, those with <20 teeth had a 10-33% higher risk of mortality and a 7-10% higher risk of functional disability six years later. Additionally, individuals with fewer than 20 teeth tended to go out less frequently and eat fewer vegetables and fruits. Furthermore, individuals with 0-9 teeth without a prosthesis were more likely to have severe functional disability (risk ratio (RR):1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI):1.05-1.31), engage in fewer intellectual activities (standardized difference: 0.17, 95% CI: 0.10-0.24), and feel more hopeless (RR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.04-1.41). CONCLUSIONS The prevention of tooth loss and prosthodontic treatment may be associated with reduced mortality and functional disability, as well as maintenance of intellectual ability, frequency of going out, and improvements in dietary lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiho Kino
- Department of Oral Health Promotion, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yudai Tamada
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kenji Takeuchi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
- Division of Statistics and Data Science, Liaison Center for Innovative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakagomi
- Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Koichiro Shiba
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, the United States
| | - Taro Kusama
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
- Division of Statistics and Data Science, Liaison Center for Innovative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takafumi Yamamoto
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Health Promotion, National Institute of Public Health, Saitama, Japan
| | - Jun Aida
- Department of Oral Health Promotion, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Panza F, Solfrizzi V, Sardone R, Dibello V, Castellana F, Zupo R, Stallone R, Lampignano L, Bortone I, Mollica A, Berardino G, Ruan Q, Altamura M, Bellomo A, Daniele A, Lozupone M. Depressive and Biopsychosocial Frailty Phenotypes: Impact on Late-life Cognitive Disorders. J Alzheimers Dis 2023:JAD230312. [PMID: 37355907 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
In older age, frailty is a detrimental transitional status of the aging process featuring an increased susceptibility to stressors defined by a clinical reduction of homoeostatic reserves. Multidimensional frailty phenotypes have been associated with all-cause dementia, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer's disease (AD), AD neuropathology, vascular dementia, and non-AD dementias. In the present article, we reviewed current evidence on the existing links among depressive and biopsychosocial frailty phenotypes and late-life cognitive disorders, also examining common pathways and mechanisms underlying these links. The depressive frailty phenotype suggested by the construct of late-life depression (LLD) plus physical frailty is poorly operationalized. The biopsychosocial frailty phenotype, with its coexistent biological/physical and psychosocial dimensions, defines a biological aging status and includes motivational, emotional, and socioeconomic domains. Shared biological pathways/substrates among depressive and biopsychosocial frailty phenotypes and late-life cognitive disorders are hypothesized to be inflammatory and cardiometabolic processes, together with multimorbidity, loneliness, mitochondrial dysfunction, dopaminergic neurotransmission, specific personality traits, lack of subjective/objective social support, and neuroendocrine dysregulation. The cognitive frailty phenotype, combining frailty and cognitive impairment, may be a risk factor for LLD and vice versa, and a construct of depressive frailty linking physical frailty and LLD may be a good dementia predictor. Frailty assessment may enable clinicians to better target the pharmacological and psychological treatment of LLD. Given the epidemiological links of biopsychosocial frailty with dementia and MCI, multidomain interventions might contribute to delay the onset of late-life cognitive disorders and other adverse health-related outcomes, such as institutionalization, more frequent hospitalization, disability, and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Panza
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
- "Cesare Frugoni" Internal and Geriatric Medicine and Memory Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Solfrizzi
- "Cesare Frugoni" Internal and Geriatric Medicine and Memory Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Sardone
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Vittorio Dibello
- "Cesare Frugoni" Internal and Geriatric Medicine and Memory Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fabio Castellana
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta Zupo
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta Stallone
- Neuroscience and Education, Human Resources Excellence in Research, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Luisa Lampignano
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bortone
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Anita Mollica
- Psychiatric Unit, Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Berardino
- Psychiatric Unit, Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Qingwei Ruan
- Laboratory of Aging, Anti-aging & Cognitive Performance, Shanghai Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatrics, Huadong Hospital, Shanghai Medical 14 College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mario Altamura
- Psychiatric Unit, Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonello Bellomo
- Psychiatric Unit, Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonio Daniele
- Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Madia Lozupone
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience "DiBraiN", University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
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Sueyasu T, Yasumoto K, Tokuda H, Kaneda Y, Obata H, Rogi T, Izumo T, Kondo S, Saito J, Tsukiura T, Nakai M. Effects of Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Combination with Lutein and Zeaxanthin on Episodic Memory in Healthy Older Adults. Nutrients 2023; 15:2825. [PMID: 37447152 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Arachidonic acid (ARA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), which are long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs), as well as lutein (L) and zeaxanthin (Z), can potentially improve brain function. However, the effect of a combination of these components (LCPUFAs + LZ) on memory function in healthy older individuals remains unclear. This study aimed to determine if LCPUFAs + LZ-supplemented food could improve memory function. Exploratory and confirmatory trials (Trials 1 and 2, respectively) were conducted in healthy older Japanese individuals with memory complaints. We conducted randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trials. Participants were randomly allocated to two groups: placebo or LCPUFAs + LZ. LCPUFAs + LZ participants were provided with supplements containing ARA, DHA, EPA, L, and Z for 24 weeks in Trial 1 and 12 weeks in Trial 2. Memory functions were evaluated using Cognitrax before and after each trial. Combined analyses were performed for subgroups of participants with cognitive decline in Trials 1 and 2. The results showed that supplementation with LCPUFAs + LZ did not significantly affect memory function in healthy, non-demented, older individuals with memory complaints whereas it improved memory function in healthy, non-demented, older individuals with cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Sueyasu
- Institute for Science of Life, Suntory Wellness Limited, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
| | - Keisuke Yasumoto
- Institute for Science of Life, Suntory Wellness Limited, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
| | - Hisanori Tokuda
- Institute for Science of Life, Suntory Wellness Limited, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Kaneda
- Institute for Science of Life, Suntory Wellness Limited, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
| | - Hidenori Obata
- Institute for Science of Life, Suntory Wellness Limited, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Rogi
- Institute for Science of Life, Suntory Wellness Limited, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
| | - Takayuki Izumo
- Institute for Science of Life, Suntory Wellness Limited, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
| | - Sumio Kondo
- Fukushima Healthcare Center, Medical Corporation Kenshokai, 2-12-16, Tamagawa, Fukushima-ku, Osaka 553-0044, Japan
| | - Jiro Saito
- Medical Station Clinic, 3-12-8, Takaban, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-0004, Japan
| | - Takashi Tsukiura
- Department of Cognitive, Behavioral and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida Nihonmatsu-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masaaki Nakai
- Institute for Science of Life, Suntory Wellness Limited, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
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