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Steinbrink GM, Martinez J, Swartz AM, Strath SJ. Sit-to-Stand Power Is a Stronger Predictor of Gait Speed than Knee Extension Strength. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2024; 9:103. [PMID: 38921639 PMCID: PMC11204576 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk9020103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
With a growing aging population, the routine assessment of physical function may become a critical component of clinical practice. The purpose of this cross-sectional study is to compare two common assessments of muscular function: (1) isometric knee extension strength (KES) and (2) sit-to-stand (STS) muscle power tests, in predicting objective physical function (i.e., gait speed) in aging adults. 84 adults (56% female, mean (SD) age = 66.6 (9.4) years) had their relative KES, STS power, usual gait speed (UGS), and fast gait speed (FGS) assessed. Multiple linear regression examined the associations between KES, STS power, and gait outcomes. When entered in separate models, KES and STS power were both independently associated with UGS and FGS (Std. β = 0.35-0.44 and 0.42-0.55 for KES and STS power, respectively). When entered in the same model, STS power was associated with UGS and FGS (Std. β = 0.37 [95%CI: 0.15, 0.58] and 0.51 [95%CI: 0.31, 0.70], respectively), while KES was only associated with FGS (Std. β = 0.25 [95%CI: 0.02, 0.48]). STS power seems to be a valid indicator of function in aging adults. Its feasibility as a screening tool for "low" function in the primary care setting should be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Scott J. Strath
- Zilber College of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA; (G.M.S.); (J.M.); (A.M.S.)
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Moreno-Ligero M, Dueñas M, Failde I, Del Pino R, Coronilla MC, Moral-Munoz JA. Psychometric Properties of the Pictorial Pain Interference Questionnaire for Assessing Functional Interference in Chronic Low Back Pain. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2024:S0003-9993(24)01049-9. [PMID: 38866224 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2024.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the psychometric properties of the Pictorial Pain Interference Questionnaire (PPIQ) for evaluating functional interference in the population with chronic low back pain (CLBP). DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Rehabilitation Unit in a hospital. PARTICIPANTS Ninety-nine patients with CLBP. INTERVENTIONS Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Functional interference was assessed using PPIQ. The following data were also collected: sociodemographic data; pain intensity (Numeric Pain Rating Scale [NPRS]); physical functioning (30-s arm curl, 30-s chair stand [30CST], and timed Up and Go [TUG] tests), fitness (International Physical Activity Questionnaire); quality of life (Short-Form 12 Health Survey version 1 [SF-12v1]); sleep quality (Spanish-validated 12-item Medical Outcomes Study Sleep scale [12-MOS Sleep]); anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS]); and social support (Duke-UNK Functional Social Support Questionnaire). Internal consistency was analyzed using Cronbach's alpha, structural validity using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and discriminant and convergent validity using bivariate analysis. RESULTS Ninety-nine patients with CLBP were included (age [mean ± SD]: 54.37±12.44 y); women, 67.7%). The EFA extracted 2 factors: "physical function and "social and sleep," which explained 57.75% of the variance. Excellent internal consistency was observed for the overall PPIQ score (Cronbach's α=0.866). Convergent validity was observed between the PPIQ and other functional measures (ρ: 0.52 and -0.47 for the TUG and 30CST, respectively; P<.001) and with the following variables: physical and mental component summaries of the SF-12v1 (ρ: -0. 55 and -0.52, respectively (P<.001); anxiety and depression of the HADS (ρ: 0.47 and 0.59, respectively (P<.001); NPRS (ρ: 0.45; P<.001); and index 9 of the 12-MOS Sleep scale (r: 0.49; P<.001). CONCLUSIONS The PPIQ is a valid instrument with good psychometric properties for measuring functional interference in people with CLBP. This questionnaire appears to be a feasible alternative when language or communication barriers exist in CLBP population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Moreno-Ligero
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health, Preventive Medicine and Public Health Area, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain; Observatory of Pain, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain
| | - María Dueñas
- Observatory of Pain, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain; Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain; Department of Statistics and Operational Research, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain.
| | - Inmaculada Failde
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health, Preventive Medicine and Public Health Area, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain; Observatory of Pain, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain; Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Rogelio Del Pino
- Rehabilitation Unit of University Hospital Puerta del Mar, Cadiz, Spain
| | | | - Jose A Moral-Munoz
- Observatory of Pain, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain; Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain; Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain
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Nazari T, Moodi M, Fakhrzadeh H, Khodabakhshi H, Khorashadizadeh M, Arzaghi SM, Shoaee S, Varmaghani M, Ejtahed HS, Sharifi F. The association of depressive symptoms with handgrip strength and gait speed in community-dwelling older adults: data from the baseline phase of Birjand Longitudinal Aging Study. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:393. [PMID: 38702602 PMCID: PMC11069203 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04944-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a multifaceted condition with a high prevalence and burden to society. Handgrip strength (HGS) and gait speed (GS) are indices of physical health, which is linked to mental health. Previous studies have shown heterogeneity among countries in the association of physical parameters and depression. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association of HGS and GS with depressive symptoms in older adults. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study analyzing data from the Birjand Longitudinal Aging Study, a cohort of community-dwelling older adults (≥ 60 years old). Depressive symptoms were assessed by the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire. HGS was measured with a hand dynamometer in a sitting position, and GS was estimated by a 15-foot walk test at usual pace. RESULTS Compared to participants in the first quartile, those in the second quartile of HGS had significantly lower odds of suffering from depressive symptoms, while GS was not significantly associated with depressive symptoms. A higher HGS was associated with a lower risk of moderate depressive symptoms, while a higher GS was related to a lower risk of moderately severe and severe symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that older people residing in Birjand, Iran with a moderate HGS are less likely to suffer from depressive symptoms than those with lower HGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Nazari
- Department of Medical Geriatrics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Moodi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
- School of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Hossein Fakhrzadeh
- Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Huriye Khodabakhshi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Khorashadizadeh
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Seyed Masoud Arzaghi
- Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shervan Shoaee
- Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Varmaghani
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Farshad Sharifi
- Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Jiroumaru T, Hyodo Y, Wachi M, Shichiri N, Ochi J, Fujikawa T. Relationship between walking speed, respiratory muscle strength, and dynamic balance in community-dwelling older people who required long-term care or support and used a daycare center. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16630. [PMID: 38144200 PMCID: PMC10749086 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Focusing on the relationship between frail older people and gait speed is vital to minimize the need for long-term care or increased support. The relationship between gait speed, respiratory muscle strength, and dynamic balance, is not well understood in older people requiring long-term care or support. Therefore, this study aimed to provide new insights into the relationship between gait speed, respiratory muscle strength, and dynamic balance in community-dwelling older people who required long-term care or support and used a daycare center. Methods This was a cross-sectional study of 49 community-dwelling older people (21 men, 28 women) aged ≥65 years who were certified as requiring long-term care or support under the Japanese system. The participants' maximal inspiratory pressure (PImax), maximal expiratory pressure (PEmax), walking speed (maximal and normal walking speed), and maximal double-step length test (MDST) results were recorded. The measurement data were evaluated using Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. Results Pearson's correlation coefficient revealed correlations between PImax and the following: maximal walking speed (r = 0.606, p < 0.001), normal walking speed (r = 0.487, p < 0.001), and MDST (r = 0.435, p = 0.002). Correlations were also observed between PEmax and the following: maximal walking speed (r = 0.522, p < 0.001), normal walking speed (r = 0.467, p < 0.001), and MDST (r = 0.314, p = 0.028). Moreover, a correlation was found between MDST and both maximal walking speed and (r = 0.684, p < 0.001) and normal walking speed (r = 0.649, p < 0.001). The effect size was 0.379. Multiple regression analysis using a forced entry method with maximal walking speed as the dependent variable showed that maximal walking speed was significantly associated with MDST (p < 0.001) and PEmax (p = 0.036), with an effect size of 0.272. The model's adjusted coefficient of determination was 0.593 (p < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis using a forced entry method with normal walking speed as the dependent variable showed that normal walking speed was significantly associated with MDST (p < 0.001) and PEmax (p = 0.021), with an effect size of 0.272. The model's adjusted coefficient of determination was 0.497 (p < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis using a forced entry method with MDST as the dependent variable showed that MDST was significantly associated with PImax (p < 0.025), with an effect size of 0.243. The model's adjusted coefficient of determination was 0.148 (p = 0.017). Conclusions Respiratory muscle strength and dynamic balance were related to walking speed in older people requiring long-term care or support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Jiroumaru
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Bukkyo University, Kyoto Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yutaro Hyodo
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kanazawa Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Clinic, Ritto, Shiga, Japan
| | - Michio Wachi
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Bukkyo University, Kyoto Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuko Shichiri
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Bukkyo University, Kyoto Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Junko Ochi
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Bukkyo University, Kyoto Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Fujikawa
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Bukkyo University, Kyoto Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
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Ortmeyer HK, Giffuni J, Etchberger D, Katzel L. The Role of Companion Dogs in the VA Maryland Health Care System Whole Health(y) GeroFit Program. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3047. [PMID: 37835653 PMCID: PMC10571922 DOI: 10.3390/ani13193047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
GeroFit is a gym-based exercise program that promotes health and wellness among older sedentary veterans. The aims of the current study were to determine whether providing a companion dog as an alternative to gym-based exercise would similarly affect whole health outcomes. A total of 15 (n = 15) veterans (62 ± 11 years of age; 13 of 15 >54 years of age) underwent physical function testing, completed global and whole health questionnaires, and wore an accelerometer for 7 days before (baseline) and 3 months after a dog came into their home. The participants completed the Pet Attachment Scale (PAS), Dog Owner-Specific Quality of Life (DOQOL), and Canine Behavioral Assessment and Research questionnaires at 3 months. Cardiorespiratory endurance, lower body strength, daily steps, and time spent engaging in moderate physical activity all increased compared to the baseline levels. Body weight decreased among veterans whose body mass index was ≥30 (n = 11). The PAS and DOQOL scores indicated high attachment and positive effects on quality of life after having a dog in the home, with all veterans agreeing that having a dog improved the number of social activities they performed. We conclude that providing a companion dog to veterans not inclined to participate in gym-based exercise is an effective alternative method of promoting health and wellness in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi K. Ortmeyer
- Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center, VA Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (J.G.); (D.E.); (L.K.)
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Jamie Giffuni
- Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center, VA Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (J.G.); (D.E.); (L.K.)
| | - Danielle Etchberger
- Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center, VA Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (J.G.); (D.E.); (L.K.)
| | - Leslie Katzel
- Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center, VA Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (J.G.); (D.E.); (L.K.)
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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