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Russo V, Napolitano N, Ascrizzi A, Leonardi S, Pisacane F, Di Micco P, Imbalzano E, Sasso FC, D’Andrea A, Caturano A, Mauriello A. The Lipid-Lowering Efficacy of a Nutraceutical Combination Including Leucoselect Phytosome, Red Yeast Rice, Policosanol and Folic Acid in Dyslipidaemia Patients: Real-World Insights. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:447. [PMID: 38675408 PMCID: PMC11053596 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease is a global health concern and reducing plasma LDL-C levels is a major goal in cardiovascular prevention. Our study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a nutraceutical formulation including leucoselect® phytosome®, red yeast rice, policosanol and folic acid on LDL-c levels in patients at low cardiovascular risk with dyslipidemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS We prospectively enrolled all consecutive patients with dyslipidemia at low cardiovascular risk who were unresponsive to diet and physical activity. Clinical assessments and laboratory analyses, encompassing lipid profile, hepatic function, and CPK levels, were performed at baseline prior to initiating treatment and repeated at the 12-week mark following administration of the study nutraceutical. RESULTS Sixty (60) consecutive patients (mean age 48.02 ± 10.1 years; 60% male) were included. At the 12-week follow-up, a statistically significant reduction in Total Cholesterol (13.1%) and LDL-c serum level (20.4%) was observed. Hepatic and muscular function remain stable over the time. The adherence to therapy was 99% and the persistence was maximum. CONCLUSIONS The nutraceutical formulation including leucoselect® phytosome® red yeast rice, policosanol and folic acid significantly reduced the LDL-c plasma levels, consistent with previous research showing that the bioactive component in red yeast rice-lovastatin-is effective in addressing problems with lipid metabolism. Importantly, it was safe and well-tolerated among patients with dyslipidemia in a real-world setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Russo
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical Translational Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (N.N.); (A.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Nicola Napolitano
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical Translational Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (N.N.); (A.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Antonia Ascrizzi
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical Translational Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (N.N.); (A.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Silvia Leonardi
- Clinical Biochemistry Unit, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Pierpaolo Di Micco
- Department of Medicine, Presidio Ospedaliero Santa Maria delle Grazie, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy;
| | - Egidio Imbalzano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Carlo Sasso
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy (A.C.)
| | - Antonello D’Andrea
- Department of Cardiology, Umberto I Hospital, 84014 Nocera Inferiore, Italy
| | - Alfredo Caturano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy (A.C.)
| | - Alfredo Mauriello
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical Translational Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (N.N.); (A.A.); (A.M.)
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy (A.C.)
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Nakahata M, Tanaka-Mizuno S, Yamaguchi F, Takeuchi M, Kawakami K. Does nutritional guidance reduce cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus? A retrospective cohort study using a nationwide claims database. Acta Diabetol 2023; 60:1541-1549. [PMID: 37421440 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-023-02147-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
AIM To examine the effect of nutritional guidance (NG) provided by a registered dietitian under the direction of a physician on the development of subsequent cardiovascular events in patients with early-stage type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective cohort study used the JMDC claims database to explore patients aged 18 years or older who first met the diagnostic criteria for T2DM at a health checkup between January 2011 and January 2019. The last day of the observation period was set for 28 February, 2021. Exposure was defined as receiving NG within 180 days of diagnosis of T2DM. The primary outcome was a composite endpoint of coronary artery disease (CAD) and cerebrovascular disease, and the secondary outcomes were each event, and time to event was compared. The propensity score weighting method was used for adjusting the distribution of confounding variables. Cox regression was conducted to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Overall, 31,378 patients met the eligibility criteria at an annual health checkup. 9.6% received NG (n = 3013). Patients who attended ≥ 1 NG after diagnosis had significantly reduced risk of cardiovascular composite (adjusted HR 0.75, 95% CI 0.58-0.97) and cerebrovascular disease (adjusted HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.47-0.90) during approximately 3.3 years of follow-up. In contrast, no difference was observed for CAD. CONCLUSIONS Receiving NG in early-stage diabetes may reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events, especially cerebrovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misaki Nakahata
- Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshidakonoe-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Sachiko Tanaka-Mizuno
- Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshidakonoe-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
- Department of Digital Health and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshidakonoe-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Fumitaka Yamaguchi
- Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshidakonoe-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masato Takeuchi
- Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshidakonoe-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Koji Kawakami
- Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshidakonoe-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
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Joseph R, Hart NH, Bradford N, Wallen MP, Han CY, Pinkham EP, Hanley B, Lock G, Wyld D, Wishart L, Koczwara B, Chan A, Agbejule OA, Crichton M, Teleni L, Holland JJ, Edmiston K, Naumann L, Brown T, Chan RJ. Essential elements of optimal dietary and exercise referral practices for cancer survivors: expert consensus for medical and nursing health professionals. Support Care Cancer 2023; 31:46. [DOI: 10.1007/s00520-022-07509-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Ajami M, Kagawa M, Roshanmehr F, McKian SS, Radfar M, Vazirijavid R, Houshiarrad A, Esmaeili M, Taghizadeh-Hesary F, Lovell L, Abdollahi M. Narrative-focused Group Counseling Improves Intervention Outcomes in Women With Obesity. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2022; 54:894-901. [PMID: 35909038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of narrative group counseling combined with diet modification and exercise plans on weight loss in Iranian women with obesity. DESIGN Parallel 2-arm clinical trial. PARTICIPANTS Fifty-six Iranian women with obesity (aged 18-50 years). INTERVENTION The intervention group included weekly diet, exercise, and narrative-focused group counseling, whereas the comparison group included dietary modification and exercise sessions for 8 months (32 sessions). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Anthropometric and body composition parameters, blood biochemical parameters (high-density lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins, triglycerides, fasting blood sugar, ghrelin, obestatin), physical activities, and appetite scores. ANALYSIS McNemar test was used for the variables that were not normally distributed and for scaling. Furthermore, t tests were used to compare quantitative variables with normal distributions. The original P (0.05) was adjusted to P = 0.0031 using the Bonferroni correction. RESULTS Weight, body mass index, body fat proportion, and hip circumference decreased significantly in the intervention vs comparison group. Serum low-density lipoproteins, triglycerides, total cholesterol, fasting blood sugar, appetite score, and ghrelin decreased, whereas obestatin increased significantly in the intervention vs comparison group. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Narrative-focused group counseling combined with traditional strategies was effective in achieving significant changes in weight, body mass index, and appetite. Future studies with a more diverse audience and a longer follow-up are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Ajami
- Department of Food and Nutrition Policy and Planning Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masaharu Kagawa
- Institute of Nutrition Sciences, Kagawa Nutrition University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Farnaz Roshanmehr
- Institute of Nutrition Sciences, Kagawa Nutrition University, Saitama, Japan; Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Mohammad Radfar
- Department of Food and Drug Administration, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Anahita Houshiarrad
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Esmaeili
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Taghizadeh-Hesary
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran; Radiation Oncology Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Lyndah Lovell
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Morteza Abdollahi
- National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, and Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Mohr AE, Hatem C, Sikand G, Rozga M, Moloney L, Sullivan J, De Waal D, Handu D. Effectiveness of medical nutrition therapy in the management of adult dyslipidemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Lipidol 2022; 16:547-561. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2022.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Low JHM, Toh DWK, Ng MTT, Fam J, Kua EH, Kim JE. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Impact of Different Intensity of Dietary Counselling on Cardiometabolic Health in Middle-Aged and Older Adults. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13092936. [PMID: 34578814 PMCID: PMC8469488 DOI: 10.3390/nu13092936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary counselling has been identified as one of the nutritional strategies to alleviate cardiometabolic health conditions. Its effectiveness however may vary due to factors such as intensity level and provider while this has not been comprehensively studied. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the effects of dietary counselling on the cardiometabolic health in middle-aged and older adults and the sub-group analyses with dietary counselling intensity and the provider were also assessed. Four databases including PubMed, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, Cochrane Library and EMBASE were systematically searched. Data from 22 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were compiled and those from 9 RCTs were utilised for meta-analysis. Dietary counselling lowered total cholesterol (TC) and fasting blood sugar (FBS) but had no impact on triglycerides (TG) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Sub-group analysis revealed significant lowering effect of high intensity dietary counselling for TG (weighted mean difference (WMD): −0.24 mmol/L, 95% confidence intervals (CIs): −0.40 to −0.09), TC (WMD: −0.31 mmol/L, 95% CIs: −0.49 to −0.13), LDL (WMD: −0.39 mmol/L, 95% CIs: −0.61 to −0.16) and FBS (WMD: −0.69 mmol/L, 95% CIs: −0.99 to −0.40) while medium or low intensity dietary counselling did not show favouring effects. Counselling provider showed differential responses on cardiometabolic health between dietitian and all other groups. The findings from this systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that dietary counselling is a beneficial dietary strategy to improve cardiometabolic health in middle-aged and older adults with the emphasis on the counselling intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Hui Min Low
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore; (J.H.M.L.); (D.W.K.T.)
| | - Darel Wee Kiat Toh
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore; (J.H.M.L.); (D.W.K.T.)
| | - Magdeline Tao Tao Ng
- National University of Singapore Libraries, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore;
| | - Johnson Fam
- Department of Psychological Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (J.F.); (E.H.K.)
| | - Ee Heok Kua
- Department of Psychological Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (J.F.); (E.H.K.)
| | - Jung Eun Kim
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore; (J.H.M.L.); (D.W.K.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +65-6516-1136
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van der Haar S, Hoevenaars FPM, van den Brink WJ, van den Broek T, Timmer M, Boorsma A, Doets EL. Exploring the Potential of Personalized Dietary Advice for Health Improvement in Motivated Individuals With Premetabolic Syndrome: Pretest-Posttest Study. JMIR Form Res 2021; 5:e25043. [PMID: 34185002 PMCID: PMC8277310 DOI: 10.2196/25043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary quality plays an essential role in the prevention and management of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Objective The aim of this pilot study is to organize personalized dietary advice in a real-life setting and to explore the effects on dietary intake, metabolic health, and perceived health. Methods We followed a one-group pretest-posttest design and included 37 individuals at risk of MetS, who indicated motivation to change dietary behavior. For a period of 16 weeks, participants received personalized advice (t=0 and t=8) and feedback (t=0, t=4, t=8, t=12 and t=16) on dietary quality and metabolic health (ie, waist circumference, BMI, blood pressure, lipid profile, fasting glucose levels, and C-peptide). Personalized advice was generated in a two-stage process. In stage 1, an automated algorithm generated advice per food group, integrating data on individual dietary quality (Dutch Healthy Diet Index; total score 8-80) and metabolic health parameters. Stage 2 included a telephone consultation with a trained dietitian to define a personal dietary behavior change strategy and to discuss individual preferences. Dietary quality and metabolic health markers were assessed at t=0, t=8, and t=16. Self-perceived health was evaluated on 7-point Likert scales at t=0 and t=16. Results At the end of the study period, dietary quality was significantly improved compared with the baseline (Dutch Healthy Diet Index +4.3; P<.001). In addition, lipid profile (triglycerides, P=.02; total cholesterol, P=.01; high-density lipoprotein, P<.001; and low-density lipoprotein, P<.001), BMI (P<.001), waist circumference (P=.01), and C-peptide (P=.01) were all significantly improved, whereas plasma glucose increased by 0.23 nmol/L (P=.04). In line with these results, self-perceived health scores were higher at t=16 weeks than at baseline (+0.67; P=.005). Conclusions This exploratory study showed that personalized dietary advice resulted in positive effects on dietary behavior, metabolic health, and self-perceived health in motivated pre-MetS adults. The study was performed in a do-it-yourself setting, highlighting the potential of at-home health improvement through dietary changes. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04595669; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04595669
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra van der Haar
- Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Femke P M Hoevenaars
- Microbiology & Systems Biology Department, TNO, Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research, Zeist, Netherlands
| | - Willem J van den Brink
- Microbiology & Systems Biology Department, TNO, Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research, Zeist, Netherlands
| | - Tim van den Broek
- Microbiology & Systems Biology Department, TNO, Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research, Zeist, Netherlands
| | - Mariëlle Timmer
- Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - André Boorsma
- Microbiology & Systems Biology Department, TNO, Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research, Zeist, Netherlands
| | - Esmée L Doets
- Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
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Nutrition and physical activity interventions for the general population with and without cardiometabolic risk: a scoping review. Public Health Nutr 2021; 24:4718-4736. [PMID: 34030758 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980021002184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this scoping review was to examine the research question: In the adults with or without cardiometabolic risk, what is the availability of literature examining interventions to improve or maintain nutrition and physical activity-related outcomes? Sub-topics included: (1) behaviour counseling or coaching from a dietitian/nutritionist or exercise practitioner, (2) mobile applications to improve nutrition and physical activity and (3) nutritional ergogenic aids. DESIGN The current study is a scoping review. A literature search of the Medline Complete, CINAHL Complete, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and other databases was conducted to identify articles published in the English language from January 2005 until May 2020. Data were synthesised using bubble charts and heat maps. SETTING Out-patient, community and workplace. PARTICIPANTS Adults with or without cardiometabolic risk factors living in economically developed countries. RESULTS Searches resulted in 19 474 unique articles and 170 articles were included in this scoping review, including one guideline, thirty systematic reviews (SR), 134 randomised controlled trials and five non-randomised trials. Mobile applications (n 37) as well as ergogenic aids (n 87) have been addressed in several recent studies, including SR. While primary research has examined the effect of individual-level nutrition and physical activity counseling or coaching from a dietitian/nutritionist and/or exercise practitioner (n 48), interventions provided by these practitioners have not been recently synthesised in SR. CONCLUSION SR of behaviour counseling or coaching provided by a dietitian/nutritionist and/or exercise practitioner are needed and can inform practice for practitioners working with individuals who are healthy or have cardiometabolic risk.
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Effects of a Mediterranean Diet, Dairy, and Meat Products on Different Phenotypes of Dyslipidemia: A Preliminary Retrospective Analysis. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041161. [PMID: 33915861 PMCID: PMC8065939 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dyslipidemia is one of the major causes of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and a Mediterranean Diet (MD) is recommended for its prevention. The objectives of this study were to evaluate adherence to an MD at baseline and follow-up, in a cohort of dyslipidemic patients, and to evaluate how different food intakes can influence lipid profile, especially how different sources of saturated fatty acids impact lipid phenotype. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 106 dyslipidemic patients. Clinical characteristics, lipid profile, and food habits data were collected at baseline and after three months of follow-up with counseling. Adherence to an MD was evaluated with a validated food-frequency questionnaire (MEDI-LITE score). Results: The cross-sectional analysis showed that higher consumption of dairy products correlated independently with higher levels of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and with lower triglycerides (TG) levels. Instead, lower HDL-C and TG levels and higher TC levels were independently associated with higher consumption of meat products. Adherence to an MD significantly improved after the follow-up period, from a mean value of 10 ± 3 (median 10, IQR 8–12) to 13 ± 2 (median 14, IQR 12–15), p < 0.0001. Conclusions: Dyslipidemic patients benefit from counseling for improving their adherence to an MD. The high intake of dairy products was associated with less atherogenic hyperlipidemia, which was characterized by higher levels of TC and HDL-C as compared withs the intake of an excessive amount of meat products, which was associated with higher levels of TC and TG and lower levels of HDL-C.
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An Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis with Colombian Studies on the Effect of Dark Chocolate Consumption on Cardiovascular Risk Parameters. J Nutr Metab 2020; 2020:3419598. [PMID: 33376605 PMCID: PMC7739050 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3419598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is postulated that cocoa solids possess cardioprotective capacity by various mechanisms. In the different cocoa studies evaluating cardiovascular disease, there are no conclusive data on the role it plays in controlling the lipid profile and anthropometric variables, perhaps because the concentration of cocoa, the geographical origin of the population, and the different concentrations supplied lead to a high heterogeneity of results. This study aims to estimate the effect of consuming cocoa-rich chocolate compared to placebo on the lipid profile and anthropometric variables based on data from three clinical trials conducted in Colombia. Methods Meta-analysis of individual data from three randomized clinical trials conducted in Colombia. The entire population of the primary studies was included, which was reassigned into intervention groups if they consumed 50 grams of 70% concentrated cocoa or placebo, which was considered to be cocoa-free or with a concentration less than 50 grams. The variables at the beginning of the study were analyzed with medians, interquartile ranges, means, and deviations according to whether they met the normality assumption. Multiple imputations were used to manage missing data and were analyzed using the two approaches proposed for this type of study, that of one and two stages. In the two-stage approach, the data were weighted on a conventional Forrest plot, while in the one-stage approach, linear regressions with mixed models were applied. This study is governed by the regulations described in the 2013 Declaration of Helsinki and by article 11 of Resolution 8430 of 1993, which classifies it as a risk-free study. Results A total of 275 participants were included, who consumed cocoa or placebo for 81 days on average; 52.7% were female and few smoked at the time of the intervention (31/275). Physical activity performed in number of hours per week was comparable between the intervention groups. When evaluating total cholesterol, low-density cholesterol (LDL), high-density cholesterol (HDL), triglycerides, abdominal circumference, and final body mass index with both the one-stage and two-stage approaches, there were no significant differences between the two groups. Conclusions According to the results obtained in the meta-analysis, the consumption of cocoa in the Colombian population does not seem to significantly modify variables such as lipid profile, abdominal circumference, and body mass index. This conclusion according to the quality of the evidence has a weak recommendation and a low-to-moderate certainty. However, the analysis through the two proposed approaches yielded similar results.
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Zhao Y, Liu X, Mao Z, Hou J, Huo W, Wang C, Wei S. Relationship between multiple healthy lifestyles and serum lipids among adults in rural China: A population-based cross-sectional study. Prev Med 2020; 138:106158. [PMID: 32473269 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Although several single lifestyles have been reported to meliorate serum lipid levels, there is little evidence of the relationship between multiple healthy lifestyles and lipid levels in Chinese adults. Cross-sectional data of 35,150 participants aged 18-79 years without dyslipidemia at baseline in the Henan Rural Cohort were collected from 2015 to 2017, to investigate the associations between individual and combinations of 6 healthy lifestyle factors and lipid levels. In multivariate linear regression analyses, non-current smoking, non-current alcohol consumption, regular physical exercise, healthy diet, lower body mass index, and lower waist-to-hip ratio were significantly associated with lower concentration of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and higher concentrations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (all P < .001). There were positive quantitative correlations between the number of healthy lifestyle factors and the low levels of lipids (all P for linear trend <0.001). People with 6 healthy lifestyle factors had 0.72-mmol/L (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.64 to 0.81) lower TC, 1.02-mmol/L (95% CI: 0.93 to 1.11) lower TG, 0.54-mmol/L (95% CI: 0.47 to 0.61) lower LDL-C, and 0.32-mmol/L (95% CI: 0.29 to 0.34) higher HDL-C, than people who had 0-1 healthy lifestyle factors. In this study, we found an association between an increased number of healthy lifestyle factors and better serum lipid profiles. The causality and temporality between maintenance of a healthy lifestyle and optimal lipid levels merit further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaotian Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Zhenxing Mao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Jian Hou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Wenqian Huo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Sheng Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China.
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Baumgartner S, Bruckert E, Gallo A, Plat J. The position of functional foods and supplements with a serum LDL-C lowering effect in the spectrum ranging from universal to care-related CVD risk management. Atherosclerosis 2020; 311:116-123. [PMID: 32861515 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A wealth of data demonstrates a causal link between serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Any decrease in serum LDL-C concentrations is associated with a decreased CVD risk, and this benefit is similar to a comparable LDL-C reduction after drug treatment and dietary intervention. Moreover, life-long reductions in serum LDL-C levels have a large impact on CVD risk and a long-term dietary enrichment with functional foods or supplements with a proven LDL lowering efficacy is therefore a feasible and efficient approach to decrease future CVD risk. Functional foods with an LDL-C lowering effect can improve health and/or a reduce the risk of disease. However, it has not been mentioned specifically whether this concerns mainly universal prevention or whether this can also be applied to the hierarchy towards care related prevention. Therefore, we here describe the effects of a list of interesting functional food ingredients with proven benefit in LDL-C lowering. In addition, we pay particular attention to the emerging evidence that the addition of these functional ingredients and supplements is advisable as universal and selective prevention in the general population. Moreover, functional ingredients and supplements are also helpful in care related prevention, i.e. in patients with elevated LDL-C concentrations who are statin-intolerant or are not able to achieve their LDL-C target levels. Furthermore, we will highlight practical aspects regarding the use of functional foods with an LDL-C lowering effect, such as the increasing importance of shared decision making of medical doctors and dieticians with patients to ensure proper empowerment and better adherence to dietary approaches. In addition, we will address costs issues related to the use of these functional foods, which might be a barrier in some populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Baumgartner
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Eric Bruckert
- Endocrinology Metabolism and Cardiovascular Prevention, E3M Institute and Cardiometabolic IHU (ICAN), Sorbonne University, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Antonio Gallo
- Endocrinology Metabolism and Cardiovascular Prevention, E3M Institute and Cardiometabolic IHU (ICAN), Sorbonne University, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Jogchum Plat
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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13
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Winham DM, Nikl RR, Hutchins AM, Martin RL, Campbell CG. Dietitians vary by counseling status in bean promotion with type 2 diabetes clients: A pilot study. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:2839-2847. [PMID: 32566201 PMCID: PMC7300060 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Beans are noted for their beneficial effects on blood glucose for persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, little is known about dietitian attitudes and perceptions, self-efficacy, or counseling practices about beans in T2DM management. Through an online survey, the attitudes and perceptions dietitians have toward the role of beans in managing T2DM were examined. The practice intentions for advising T2DM clients about beans, perceived self-efficacy for counseling on general nutrition topics and specifically on beans, were evaluated. While the target population was dietitians, all persons on the Arizona Dietetic Association and the Arizona School Nutrition Association listservs received a direct email invitation for an online survey on foods and chronic disease. There was no mention of beans or pulses to reduce bias toward bean advocates. Of the 302 dietitian respondents, over 66% counseled clients with T2DM. Fewer clinical counseling dietitians recommended beans to control blood glucose (p = .041) or to increase fiber (p < .05), and more of them promoted beans as being the same as other carbohydrates (p = .002). Higher mean self-efficacy scores for general nutrition counseling were observed for T2DM counseling RDs (p < .001). Counseling dietitians in nonclinical settings had the highest bean self-efficacy score (p < .001). Findings suggest clinical counseling dietitians are aware of bean health benefits, but do not consistently suggest beans to improve nutrition for those with T2DM in contrast to dietitians who counsel in other settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna M. Winham
- Food Science & Human NutritionIowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA
| | - Rebecca R. Nikl
- Food Science & Human NutritionIowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA
- UnityPoint Health Des MoinesDes MoinesIAUSA
| | - Andrea M. Hutchins
- Human Physiology and NutritionUniversity of Colorado Colorado SpringsColorado SpringsCOUSA
| | - Rose L. Martin
- Food Science & Human NutritionIowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA
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14
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Hickson M, Wanner A, Collinson A. Dietitian-led clinics in primary care. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 17:2525-2531. [DOI: 10.11124/jbisrir-d-19-00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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15
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Lima TCRM, da Silva DG, Barreto IDDC, Oliveira JC, Oliveira LCS, Arcelino LAM, Oliveira JC, Sousa ACS, Barreto Filho JAS. Quality of Intra-Hospital Nutritional Counseling in Patients with STEMI in the Public and Private Health Networks of Sergipe: The VICTIM Register. Arq Bras Cardiol 2019; 113:260-269. [PMID: 31340237 PMCID: PMC6777890 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20190124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Having appropriate dietary habits is part of the recommendations after ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI), however, the quality of intra-hospital nutritional counselling in the different health services has been minimally explored. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the quality of intra-hospital nutritional counselling among patients with STEMI in the public and private health systems in Sergipe. METHODS A cross-sectional, with data from the Via Crucis for the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction (VICTIM) Register, conducted from April to November of 2017, with individuals aged ≥ 18 years diagnosed with STEMI, in one public health service hospital and three private hospitals. The occurrence and quality of nutritional counselling were analyzed based on current guidelines and the administration of questionnaires. A significance level of 0.05 was adopted. RESULTS A total of 188 patients were analyzed; 80.3% were from the public health service facility. Among the interviewees, 57.6% of the public health service, and 70.3% of the private hospital patients received intra-hospital nutritional counselling (p = 0.191). The documentation of this practice, in medical records, was lower in the public service (2.6% vs. 37.8%, p < 0.001). A predominance of restrictive orientations was found in the public and private sectors, mainly regarding salt and fat, 52.3% and 70.3% respectively (p = 0.064). Patients from the private service were more counselling to introduce of cardioprotective foods, mainly fruit, vegetable/legume consumption (48.6% vs. 13.2%, p < 0.001). Among those who received counselling, nutritional knowledge was higher in the private sector (68.2% vs. 26.3%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The intra-hospital nutritional counselling provided to patients with STEMI, in Sergipe, still presents poor quality in both services, especially in the public health system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jussiely Cunha Oliveira
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe - Programa de
Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, São
Cristóvão, SE - Brazil
- Universidade Tiradentes, Aracaju, SE - Brazil
| | - Laís Costa Souza Oliveira
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe - Programa de
Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, São
Cristóvão, SE - Brazil
- Hospital Primavera, Aracaju, SE - Brazil
| | | | - Jeferson Cunha Oliveira
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe - Programa de
Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, São
Cristóvão, SE - Brazil
- Hospital Primavera, Aracaju, SE - Brazil
| | - Antônio Carlos Sobral Sousa
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe - Programa de
Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, São
Cristóvão, SE - Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe - Departamento de Medicina,
São Cristóvão, SE - Brazil
- Fundação São Lucas - Centro de Ensino e
Pesquisa, Aracaju, SE - Brazil
| | - José Augusto Soares Barreto Filho
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe - Programa de
Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, São
Cristóvão, SE - Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe - Departamento de Medicina,
São Cristóvão, SE - Brazil
- Fundação São Lucas - Centro de Ensino e
Pesquisa, Aracaju, SE - Brazil
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Magriplis E, Sialvera TE, Papadopoulou A, Efstathiou SP, Trautwein EA, Goumas G, Dimakopoulos I, Papavasiliou K, Koutsouri A, Zampelas A. Effectiveness and easiness of adherence to behavioural guidelines for diet and lifestyle changes for cholesterol‐lowering: the Increasing Adherence of Consumers to Diet & Lifestyle Changes to Lower (
LDL
) Cholesterol (
ACT
) randomised controlled trial. J Hum Nutr Diet 2019; 32:607-618. [DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Magriplis
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition School of Food, Biotechnology and Development Agricultural University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - T. E. Sialvera
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition School of Food, Biotechnology and Development Agricultural University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - A. Papadopoulou
- Center for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Hygeias Melathron Infirmary Athens Greece
| | - S. P. Efstathiou
- Center for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Hygeias Melathron Infirmary Athens Greece
| | | | - G. Goumas
- Department of Cardiology Euroclinic Athens Greece
| | - I. Dimakopoulos
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition School of Food, Biotechnology and Development Agricultural University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - K. Papavasiliou
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition School of Food, Biotechnology and Development Agricultural University of Athens Athens Greece
| | | | - A. Zampelas
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition School of Food, Biotechnology and Development Agricultural University of Athens Athens Greece
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Do DN, Fleming A, Schenkel FS, Miglior F, Zhao X, Ibeagha-Awemu EM. Genetic parameters of milk cholesterol content in Holstein cattle. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2018-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to estimate heritability for milk cholesterol (CHL) and genetic correlations between milk CHL and other production traits (test-day milk, fat, and protein yields, fat and protein percentages, and somatic cell score). Milk CHL content was determined by gas chromatography and expressed as mg of CHL in 100 g of fat (CHL_fat) or in 100 mg of milk (CHL_milk). Univariate models were used to estimate variances and heritability, whereas bivariate models were used to compute correlations using data from 1793 cows. The average concentrations (standard deviation) of CHL_fat and CHL_milk were 275.63 (75) mg and 11.16 (3.63) mg, respectively. Milk CHL content was significantly affected by days in milk and herd (P < 0.05), but not by parity, regardless of the scale of expression. Heritability estimates for CHL_fat and CHL_milk were 0.06 ± 0.04 and 0.17 ± 0.06, respectively. Phenotypic and genetic correlations between CHL_fat and CHL_milk were 0.82 and 0.44 ± 0.24, respectively. CHL_fat had nonsignificant genetic correlations with all production traits, whereas CHL_milk had significant (P < 0.05) genetic correlations with milk yield (−0.47), fat yield (0.51), protein percentage (0.56), and fat percentage (0.88). This is the first study to estimate genetic parameters for milk CHL content. Further studies are required to assess the possibility of genetically selecting cows with lower milk CHL content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duy N. Do
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Sherbrooke, QC J1M 0C8, Canada
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Allison Fleming
- Department of Animal Biosciences, Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Flavio S. Schenkel
- Department of Animal Biosciences, Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Filippo Miglior
- Department of Animal Biosciences, Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
- Canadian Dairy Network, Guelph, ON N1K 1E5, Canada
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Eveline M. Ibeagha-Awemu
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Sherbrooke, QC J1M 0C8, Canada
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Svendsen K, Telle-Hansen VH, Mørch-Reiersen LT, Garstad KW, Thyholt K, Granlund L, Henriksen HB, Gran JM, Jacobs Jr DR, Retterstøl K. A randomized controlled trial in Norwegian pharmacies on effects of risk alert and advice in people with elevated cardiovascular risk. Prev Med Rep 2018; 12:79-86. [PMID: 30191097 PMCID: PMC6125803 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated if alerting subjects to elevated total cholesterol (TC), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and blood pressure (BP) (cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors that are usually asymptomatic), and if providing advice would result in reduced risk. We conducted a multicenter (50 community pharmacies) parallel three-arm 8-week randomized controlled trial (RCT) with a 52-week follow-up visit. During six days of screening, TC, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, HbA1c, BP and body mass index (BMI) were assessed in 1318 individuals. Of these, 582 with a measured and predefined elevated ad hoc CVD risk score were randomized to either Alert/advice (n = 198) (immediately alerted of their screening result and received healthy lifestyle-advice), Advice-only (n = 185) (received only advice) or Control (n = 199) (not alert, no advice). Changes in risk score and self-reported health-related behaviors (diet, alcohol, physical activity) were assessed in pharmacies after 8 weeks (N = 543; 93%). Although the primary analysis showed no significant difference between groups, the Control group had the largest reduction in risk score of 14%. The total (uncontrolled) sample (N = 543) reduced the risk score by 3.2% beyond estimated regression towards the mean and improved their health-related behaviors. Among the 65% (n = 377) who returned 52 weeks after baseline, 14% reported started using CVD preventive medication after the screening. The study demonstrated that while assessing risk factors and behaviors in pharmacies proved efficient and possibly led to a small risk decrease, alerting people to their screening result did not seem to be more effective than a self-directed approach. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02223793.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karianne Svendsen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1046 Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | | | - Kari Thyholt
- Mills AS, P.O. Box 4644 Sofienberg, 0506 Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Hege Berg Henriksen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1046 Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jon Michael Gran
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
| | - David R. Jacobs Jr
- Divison of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 S. 2nd Street, Minneapolis 55455, MN, United States
| | - Kjetil Retterstøl
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1046 Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway
- The Lipid Clinic, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, P.O. Box 4950, Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway
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Adamski M, Gibson S, Leech M, Truby H. Are doctors nutritionists? What is the role of doctors in providing nutrition advice? NUTR BULL 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - S. Gibson
- Monash University; Melbourne Australia
| | - M. Leech
- Monash University; Melbourne Australia
| | - H. Truby
- Monash University; Melbourne Australia
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