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Lanyo TN, Ani-Amponsah M, Adjei CA. Challenges and ways of coping of parturient women with chronic hepatitis B in Ghana during COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative inquiry. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e062557. [PMID: 36283752 PMCID: PMC9606735 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the psychosocial concerns and ways of coping of pregnant women with chronic hepatitis B infection in Ghana. SETTING Participants were selected from public health facilities in the Tema Metropolis. DESIGN Exploratory descriptive qualitative design was employed. PARTICIPANTS Fourteen pregnant women were purposively selected to participate in face-to-face interviews. The data were analysed using the content analysis procedure. RESULTS The participants' psychosocial concerns and coping strategies were diverse. A significant number of the participants were concerned about the impact their hepatitis B seropositivity would have on their relationships, finances, and general well-being. Specifically, they feared that their social network, especially their spouses, would perceive them as having led a promiscuous lifestyle in the past to acquire hepatitis B infection. Also, fear of transmitting the infection to their infants and the effects of the infection on their infants later in life were identified as major concerns by nearly all participants. The participants further reported feelings of distress and diminished self-esteem. These psychosocial afflictions reported were attributed to lack of pre-test counselling during the antenatal care period. However, the participants coped using different strategies, including avoidance/denial, spirituality, and alternative treatment use. CONCLUSION To achieve optimal psychological and social well-being of pregnant women with chronic hepatitis B, it is important that their unique challenges are considered in their care and treatment cascade. Explicitly, protocols for supportive care addressing the specific needs of pregnant women with chronic hepatitis B should be implemented in the study setting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mary Ani-Amponsah
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, University of Ghana School of Nursing, Accra, Ghana
| | - Charles Ampong Adjei
- Department of Public Health Nursing, University of Ghana School of Nursing, Accra, Ghana
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Hou L, Zhang Y, Tang S, Tang X. The loss and return of self: An interpretative phenomenological analysis of coping and recovery from chronic hepatitis B in China. Nurs Health Sci 2022; 24:625-633. [PMID: 35670524 DOI: 10.1111/nhs.12963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a prevalent disease with various negative consequences. The lived experience of coping and recovery of a patient with Chronic hepatitis B was explored in this study. A semistructured interview was conducted with one participant who had been recovered from Chronic hepatitis B for 10 years. Data were analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Five superordinate themes emerged, including lingering in the shadow of death anxiety, diminished functioning of the self, adopting a highly disciplined lifestyle, receiving social support, and the return of the self with scars. The findings revealed that the disease is deeply associated with moral standing, which means the diagnosis of Chronic hepatitis B might imply a loss of moral face for Chinese people living with the condition. Our findings point to the need for increasing knowledge about chronic hepatitis B, decoupling the disease from a moral standpoint, and providing a supportive environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqi Hou
- Department of Sociology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yansong Zhang
- School of Journalism, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Media and Communication, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Suqin Tang
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinfeng Tang
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
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Grønkjær LL, Lauridsen MM. Quality of life and unmet needs in patients with chronic liver disease: A mixed-method systematic review. JHEP REPORTS : INNOVATION IN HEPATOLOGY 2021; 3:100370. [PMID: 34805816 PMCID: PMC8585663 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2021.100370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background & Aims In an attempt to uncover unmet patient needs, this review aims to synthesise quantitative and qualitative studies on patients’ quality of life and their experience of having liver disease. Methods Three databases (CINAHL, Embase, and PubMed) were searched from January 2000 to October 2020. The methodological quality and data extraction of both quantitative and qualitative studies were screened and appraised using Joanna Briggs Institute instruments for mixed-method systematic reviews and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A convergent, integrated approach to synthesis and integration was used. Studies including patients with autoimmune and cholestatic liver disease, chronic hepatitis B and C, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma were considered. Results The searches produced 5,601 articles, of which 95 (79 quantitative and 16 qualitative) were included in the review. These represented studies from 26 countries and a sample of 37,283 patients. The studies showed that patients´ quality of life was reduced. Unmet needs for information and support and perceived stigmatisation severely affected patients’ quality of life. Conclusions Our study suggests changes to improve quality of life. According to patients, this could be achieved by providing better education and information, being aware of patients’ need for support, and raising awareness of liver disease among the general population to reduce misconceptions and stigmatisation. Registration number PROSPERO CRD42020173501. Lay summary Regardless of aetiology, patients with liver diseases have impaired quality of life. This is associated with disease progression, the presence of symptoms, treatment response, and mental, physical, and social factors such as anxiety, confusion, comorbidities, and fatigue, as well as limitations in daily living, including loneliness, low income, stigmatisation, and treatment costs. Patients highlighted the need for information to understand and manage liver disease, and awareness and support from healthcare professionals to better cope with the disease. In addition, there is a need to raise awareness of liver diseases in the general population to reduce negative preconceptions and stigmatisation. Patients with liver disease regardless of aetiology and severity have impaired quality of life. Patients call for better education and information to understand and manage their liver disease, and for increased awareness and support from healthcare professionals. Owing to the limited knowledge of liver diseases among the general population, patients experience stigmatisation, resulting in loneliness and social isolation. Addressing unmet needs of patients with liver disease could improve their quality of life.
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Key Words
- CLDQ, Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire
- EQ-5D, European Quality of Life
- FACT-Hep, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Hepatobiliary Carcinoma
- HBQOL, Hepatitis B Quality of Life
- HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma
- JBI, Joanna Briggs Institute
- LC-PROM, Liver Cirrhosis Patient Reported Outcome Measure
- LDQOL, Liver Disease Quality of Life
- Liver disease
- MELD, model for end-stage liver disease
- Mixed method
- NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
- NASH, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
- PBC, Primary Biliary Cholangitis Questionnaire
- Patient experience
- Patient reported outcomes
- PedsQL, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory
- Quality of life
- SF, Short Form
- SIP, Sickness Impact Profile
- Systematic review
- Unmet needs
- VAS, visual analogue scale
- WHOQOL-BREF, WHO Quality of Life
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Ladegaard Grønkjær
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
- Corresponding author. Address: Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Finsensgade 35, 6700 Esbjerg, Denmark. Tel.: +45-26668184; Fax: +45-79182316.
| | - Mette Munk Lauridsen
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
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Zheng Y, Zhu L, Patrick D, Li Y, Xu F, Zhang L, Song M, Cheng X, Chen B, Chen Y, Lu X, Wang H. Work-health-personal life conflicts in naive patients with chronic hepatitis B receiving initial treatment in China: a qualitative study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e035688. [PMID: 32928849 PMCID: PMC7490961 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES People with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) perform sick roles, work roles and personal roles simultaneously. At times, role conflicts arise because of failure to meet the expectations of different roles. Role conflicts may increase dissatisfaction in work and family and impair their physical and mental health. This study aimed to explore the perceptions of role conflicts of treatment-naive patients with CHB in work, personal and sick roles, together with ameliorating factors in the Chinese cultural context. DESIGN A qualitative descriptive study. Semistructured interviews were used to collect the experience of work-health-personal life conflicts (WHPLCs), and a brief questionnaire was used to collect demographic and clinical information. SPSS V.21.0 was used for descriptive analysis and Dedoose (V.7.5.9) was used to code and analyse interview transcripts. This study selected six cities with different socioeconomic levels in Zhejiang Province, China. Then, researchers chose one tertiary hospital from each city as the study site, so a total of six tertiary hospitals were involved. PARTICIPANTS We recruited 32 patients with CHB (59.38% male) who had just started antiviral therapy for no more than three months. Participants were within the age range of 19-57 years, and the average age was 36.03 (SD=9.56) years. RESULTS Participants noted that having CHB influenced their daily life and intersected with work and personal roles, therefore causing role conflicts. Role conflicts focused on three types: time-based conflicts, strain-based conflicts and behaviour-based conflicts. The contextual factors contributing to role conflicts were identified, including personal characteristics, financial strain, traditional social roles and work environment. CONCLUSIONS These findings enhance our understanding of the WHPLCs experience of treatment-naive patients with CHB in China. Our findings suggest that multidimensional role conflicts should be taken into account in the intervention design and psychological counselling to improve role balance and well-being among patients with CHB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjing Zheng
- Department of Social Medicine of School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Pharmacy of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Social Medicine of School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Pharmacy of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Donald Patrick
- Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Public Health, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fengjiao Xu
- Department of Social Medicine of School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Pharmacy of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Social Medicine of School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Pharmacy of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengna Song
- Department of Social Medicine of School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Pharmacy of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao Cheng
- Department of Social Medicine of School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Pharmacy of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Boyan Chen
- Department of Social Medicine of School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Pharmacy of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Social Medicine of School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Pharmacy of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoyang Lu
- Department of Pharmacy of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- Department of Social Medicine of School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Pharmacy of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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