1
|
Wüster J, Hesse B, Rothweiler R, Bortel E, Gross C, Bakhtiyari S, King A, Boller E, Gerber J, Rendenbach C, Fretwurst T, Preissner S, Heiland M, Nelson K, Nahles S. Comparison of the 3D-microstructure of human alveolar and fibula bone in microvascular autologous bone transplantation: a synchrotron radiation μ-CT study. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1169385. [PMID: 37691907 PMCID: PMC10486015 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1169385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Autologous bone transplantation is successfully used in reconstructive surgery of large/critical-sized bone defects, whereby the microvascular free fibula flap is still regarded as the gold standard for the reconstruction of such defects in the head and neck region. Here, we report the morphological and lacunar properties of patient-paired bone samples from eight patients from the jaw (AB; recipient site) and the fibula (FB; donor site) on the micron length-scale using Synchrotron µ-CT. Insights into differences and similarities between these bone structures could offer a better understanding of the underlying mechanism for successful surgical outcomes and might clear the path for optimized, nature-inspired bone scaffold designs. Methods: Spatial vessel-pore arrangements, bone morphology, fluid-simulation derived permeability tensor, osteocyte lacunar density, and lacunar morphology are compared. Results: The orientation of the vessel system indicates a homogenous vessel orientation for AB and FB. The average mineral distance (50%) to the closest vessel boundary is higher in AB than in FB (the mean is 96 μm for AB vs. 76 μm for FB; p = 0.021). Average osteocyte lacunar density is found to be higher in AB than in FB (mean 22,874 mm3 vs. 19,376 mm3 for FB; p = 0.038), which might compensate for the high distance from the mineral to the nearest vessel. No significant differences in lacunar volume are found between paired AB and FB. Discussion: A comparable vessel network and similar distribution of vessel porosity between AB and FB may allow the FB graft to exhibit a high regeneration potential when connected to AB, and this might correlate with a high osteoinductive and osteoconductive potential of FB when connected to AB. Since widely used and potent synthetic bone grafts exist, new insight into the bone structure of well-established autologous bone grafts, such as the free fibula flap, could help to improve the performance of such materials and therefore the design of 3D scaffolds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Wüster
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernhard Hesse
- Xploraytion GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France
| | - Rene Rothweiler
- Department of Oral- and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Christian Gross
- Department of Oral- and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Elodie Boller
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Carsten Rendenbach
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Fretwurst
- Department of Oral- and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Saskia Preissner
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Max Heiland
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katja Nelson
- Department of Oral- and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Nahles
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rothweiler R, Gross C, Bortel E, Früh S, Gerber J, Boller E, Wüster J, Stricker A, Fretwurst T, Iglhaut G, Nahles S, Schmelzeisen R, Hesse B, Nelson K. Comparison of the 3D-Microstructure Between Alveolar and Iliac Bone for Enhanced Bioinspired Bone Graft Substitutes. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:862395. [PMID: 35782504 PMCID: PMC9248932 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.862395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In oral- and maxillofacial bone augmentation surgery, non-vascularized grafts from the iliac crest demonstrate better clinical performance than alveolar bone grafts. The underlying mechanisms are not fully understood but are essential for the enhancement of bone regeneration scaffolds. Synchrotron Radiation µ-CT at a pixel size of 2.3 μm was used to characterize the gross morphology and the vascular and osteocyte lacuna porosity of patient-matched iliac crest/alveolar bone samples. The results suggest a difference in the spatial distribution of the vascular pore system. Fluid simulations reveal the permeability tensor to be more homogeneous in the iliac crest, indicating a more unidirectional fluid flow in alveolar bone. The average distance between bone mineral and the closest vessel pore boundary was found to be higher in alveolar bone. At the same time, osteocyte lacunae density is higher in alveolar bone, potentially compensating for the longer average distance between the bone mineral and vessel pores. The present study comprehensively quantified and compared the 3D microarchitecture of intraindividual human alveolar and iliac bone. The identified difference in pore network architecture may allow a bone graft from the iliac crest to exhibit higher regeneration potential due to an increased capacity to connect with the surrounding pore network of the residual bone. The results may contribute to understanding the difference in clinical performance when used as bone grafts and are essential for optimization of future scaffold materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rene Rothweiler
- Department of Oral- and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christian Gross
- Department of Oral- and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Elodie Boller
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France
| | - Jonas Wüster
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andres Stricker
- Department of Oral- and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Fretwurst
- Department of Oral- and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Iglhaut
- Department of Oral- and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Nahles
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Schmelzeisen
- Department of Oral- and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Hesse
- Xploraytion GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France
- *Correspondence: Bernhard Hesse, ; Katja Nelson,
| | - Katja Nelson
- Department of Oral- and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Bernhard Hesse, ; Katja Nelson,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bortel E, Grover LM, Eisenstein N, Seim C, Suhonen H, Pacureanu A, Westenberger P, Raum K, Langer M, Peyrin F, Addison O, Hesse B. Interconnectivity Explains High Canalicular Network Robustness between Neighboring Osteocyte Lacunae in Human Bone. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202100090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Emely Bortel
- Xploraytion GmbH Bismarckstrasse 10-12 10625 Berlin Germany
| | - Liam M Grover
- School of Chemical Engineering University of Birmingham B15 2TT Birmingham UK
| | - Neil Eisenstein
- School of Chemical Engineering University of Birmingham B15 2TT Birmingham UK
| | - Christian Seim
- Xploraytion GmbH Bismarckstrasse 10-12 10625 Berlin Germany
- Technical University of Berlin: Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Heikki Suhonen
- University of Helsinki: Department of Physics 00560 Helsinki Finland
| | | | | | - Kay Raum
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin Humboldt-Universität zu Berlinand Berlin Institute of Health BCRT—Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies 13353 Berlin Germany
| | - Max Langer
- Univ Lyon CNRS 5220Inserm U1294INSA Lyon 69621 Creatis Villeurbanne Cedex France
- Université Grenoble Alpes CNRSUMR 5525 VetAgro SupGrenoble INPTIMC F-38000 Grenoble France
| | - Francoise Peyrin
- ESRF: Experiment Division 38000 Grenoble France
- Univ Lyon CNRS 5220Inserm U1294INSA Lyon 69621 Creatis Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Owen Addison
- Faculty of Dentistry Oral and Craniofacial Sciences Kings College SE1 9RT London UK
| | - Bernhard Hesse
- Xploraytion GmbH Bismarckstrasse 10-12 10625 Berlin Germany
- ESRF: Experiment Division 38000 Grenoble France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Akhter MP, Recker RR. High resolution imaging in bone tissue research-review. Bone 2021; 143:115620. [PMID: 32866682 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This review article focuses on imaging of bone tissue to understand skeletal health with regards to bone quality. Skeletal fragility fractures are due to bone diseases such as osteoporosis which result in low bone mass and bone mineral density (BMD) leading to high risk of fragility fractures. Recent advances in imaging and analysis technologies have highly benefitted the field of biological sciences. In particular, their application in skeletal health has been of significant importance in understanding bone mechanical behavior (structure and properties) at the tissue level. While synchrotron based microCT technique has remained the gold standard for non-destructive evaluation of structure in material and biological sciences, several lab based microCT systems have been developed to provide high resolution imaging of specimens with greater access, and ease of use in laboratory settings. Lab based microCT scanners are widely used in the bone field as a standard tool to evaluate three-dimensional (3D) morphologies of bone structure at image resolutions appropriate for bone samples from small animals to bone biopsy specimens from humans. Both synchrotron and standard lab based microCT systems provide high resolution imaging ex vivo for a small sized specimen. A few X-ray based systems are also commercially available for in vivo scanning at relatively low image resolutions. Synchrotron-based CT microscopy is being used for various ultra-high-resolution image analyses using complex 3D software. However, the synchrotron-based CT technology is in high demand, allows only limited numbers of specimens, expensive, requires complex additional instrumentation, and is not easily available to researchers as it requires access to a synchrotron source which is always limited. Therefore, desktop laboratory scanners (microXCT, Zeiss/Xradia, Scanco, SkyScan. etc.), mimicking the synchrotron based CT technology or image resolution, have been developed to solve the accessibility issues. These lab based scanners have helped both material science, and the bone field to investigate bone tissue morphologies at submicron mage resolutions. Considerable progress has been made in both in vivo and ex vivo imaging towards providing high resolution images of bone tissue. Both clinical and research imaging technologies will continue to improve and help understand osteoporosis and other related skeletal issues in order to develop targeted treatments for bone fragility. This review summarizes the high resolution imaging work in bone research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M P Akhter
- Creighton University Osteoporosis Research Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America.
| | - R R Recker
- Creighton University Osteoporosis Research Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Moreno-Jiménez I, Cipitria A, Sánchez-Herrero A, van Tol AF, Roschger A, Lahr CA, McGovern JA, Hutmacher DW, Fratzl P. Human and mouse bones physiologically integrate in a humanized mouse model while maintaining species-specific ultrastructure. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/44/eabb9265. [PMID: 33115741 PMCID: PMC7608795 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abb9265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Humanized mouse models are increasingly studied to recapitulate human-like bone physiology. While human and mouse bone architectures differ in multiple scales, the extent to which chimeric human-mouse bone physiologically interacts and structurally integrates remains unknown. Here, we identify that humanized bone is formed by a mosaic of human and mouse collagen, structurally integrated within the same bone organ, as shown by immunohistochemistry. Combining this with materials science techniques, we investigate the extracellular matrix of specific human and mouse collagen regions. We show that human-like osteocyte lacunar-canalicular network is retained within human collagen regions and is distinct to that of mouse tissue. This multiscale analysis shows that human and mouse tissues physiologically integrate into a single, functional bone tissue while maintaining their species-specific ultrastructural differences. These results offer an original method to validate and advance tissue-engineered human-like bone in chimeric animal models, which grow to be eloquent tools in biomedical research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Moreno-Jiménez
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Health Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - A Cipitria
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, Potsdam, Germany
| | - A Sánchez-Herrero
- Institute of Health Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - A F van Tol
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, Potsdam, Germany
| | - A Roschger
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, Potsdam, Germany
| | - C A Lahr
- Institute of Health Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - J A McGovern
- Institute of Health Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - D W Hutmacher
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, Potsdam, Germany.
- Institute of Health Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - P Fratzl
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, Potsdam, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Quantitative and qualitative bone imaging: A review of synchrotron radiation microtomography analysis in bone research. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 110:103887. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
7
|
Iezzi G, Mangano C, Barone A, Tirone F, Baggi L, Tromba G, Piattelli A, Giuliani A. Jawbone remodeling: a conceptual study based on Synchrotron High-resolution Tomography. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3777. [PMID: 32123216 PMCID: PMC7052147 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60718-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most important aspects of bone remodeling is the constant turnover mainly driven by the mechanical loading stimulus. The remodeling process produces changes not only in the bone microarchitecture but also in the density distribution of the mineralized matrix - i.e. in calcium concentrations- and in the osteocyte lacunar network. Synchrotron radiation-based X-ray microtomography (microCT) has proven to be an efficient technique, capable to achieve the analysis of 3D bone architecture and of local mineralization at different hierarchical length scales, including the imaging of the lacuno-canalicular network. In the present study, we used microCT within a conceptual study of jawbone remodeling, demonstratively focusing the investigation in two critical contexts, namely in the peri-dental and the peri-implant tissues. The microCT analysis showed that a relevant inhomogeneity was clearly present in both peri-dental and peri-implant biopsies, not only in terms of microarchitecture and mineralization degree, but also considering the lacunar network, i.e. size and numerical density of the osteocyte lacunae. The correlated histological results obtained on the same samples confirmed these observations, also adding information related to non-mineralized tissues. Despite its demonstrative nature, it was concluded that the proposed method was powerful in studying jawbone remodeling because it revealed a direct correlation of its rate with the lacunar density, as achieved by the analysis of the osteocyte lacunar network, and an inverse correlation with the local bone mineral density, as revealed with the Roschger approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Iezzi
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti Scalo, CH, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Barone
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Molecular and of the Critical Area Pathologies, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Luigi Baggi
- Department of Social Dentistry, National Institute for Health, Migration and Poverty, Rome, Italy.,School of Dentistry, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | | | - Adriano Piattelli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti Scalo, CH, Italy.,Chair of Biomaterials Engineering, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain.,Villa Serena Foundation for Research, Città Sant'Angelo (Pescara), Italy
| | - Alessandra Giuliani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Effect of osteoporosis treatment agents on the cortical bone osteocyte microenvironment in adult estrogen-deficient, osteopenic rats. Bone Rep 2018; 8:115-124. [PMID: 29955630 PMCID: PMC6020081 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Though osteoporosis is a significant cause of disability worldwide, treatment with pharmacologic agents decreases risk of fragility fracture. Though these treatments act through the bone remodeling system to improve bone mass, it is unclear if they alter the response of bone to mechanical loading at the level of the osteocyte. This pre-clinical study determined the relationship between microstructural bone tissue properties and osteocyte lacunar size and density to strain around osteocytes with standard osteoporosis treatment or sequential therapies. Six-month-old female ovariectomized (OVX) Sprague-Dawley rats were cycled through various sequences of pharmacological treatments [alendronate (Aln), raloxifene (Ral) and human parathyroid hormone-1,34 (PTH)] for three month intervals, over nine months. Linear nanoindentation mapping was used to determine Young's modulus in perilacunar and bone matrix regions around cortical bone osteocyte lacunae. Measurements of lacunar diameter and density were completed. Treatment-related differences in Young's modulus in the perilacunar and bone matrix regions were not observed. We confirmed previous data that showed that the bone matrix region was stiffer than the perilacunar matrix region. Whole bone material properties were correlated to perilacunar matrix stiffness. Finite element models predicted a range of mechanical strain amplification factors estimated at the osteocyte across treatment groups. In summary, though the perilacunar matrix near cortical osteocyte lacuna is not as stiff as bone matrix further away, osteoporosis treatment agents do not affect the stiffness of bone tissue near osteocyte lacunae. Monotherapy with osteoporosis treatment agents does not affect the stiffness of bone tissue around osteocyte lacunae. Sequential use of osteoporosis treatment agents does not affect bone tissue stiffness around osteocyte lacunae. Perilacunar cortical bone tissue is not as stiff as bone matrix further from osteocyte lacunae. Whole bone material properties are negatively correlated to the stiffness of perilacunar bone tissue.
Collapse
|
9
|
Ashique AM, Hart LS, Thomas CDL, Clement JG, Pivonka P, Carter Y, Mousseau DD, Cooper DML. Lacunar-canalicular network in femoral cortical bone is reduced in aged women and is predominantly due to a loss of canalicular porosity. Bone Rep 2017; 7:9-16. [PMID: 28752112 PMCID: PMC5517690 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The lacunar-canalicular network (LCN) of bone contains osteocytes and their dendritic extensions, which allow for intercellular communication, and are believed to serve as the mechanosensors that coordinate the processes of bone modeling and remodeling. Imbalances in remodeling, for example, are linked to bone disease, including fragility associated with aging. We have reported that there is a reduction in scale for one component of the LCN, osteocyte lacunar volume, across the human lifespan in females. In the present study, we explore the hypothesis that canalicular porosity also declines with age. To visualize the LCN and to determine how its components are altered with aging, we examined samples from young (age: 20–23 y; n = 5) and aged (age: 70–86 y; n = 6) healthy women donors utilizing a fluorescent labelling technique in combination with confocal laser scanning microscopy. A large cross-sectional area of cortical bone spanning the endosteal to periosteal surfaces from the anterior proximal femoral shaft was examined in order to account for potential trans-cortical variation in the LCN. Overall, we found that LCN areal fraction was reduced by 40.6% in the samples from aged women. This reduction was due, in part, to a reduction in lacunar density (21.4% decline in lacunae number per given area of bone), but much more so due to a 44.6% decline in canalicular areal fraction. While the areal fraction of larger vascular canals was higher in endosteal vs. periosteal regions for both age groups, no regional differences were observed in the areal fractions of the LCN and its components for either age group. Our data indicate that the LCN is diminished in aged women, and is largely due to a decline in the canalicular areal fraction, and that, unlike vascular canal porosity, this diminished LCN is uniform across the cortex. The lacunar-canalicular network (LCN) is reduced by 40.6% in aged women The lacunar density (lacunae number per given area of bone) is reduced by 21.4% in aged women The reduction in LCN in aged women is primarily due to a 44.6% loss of canaliculi No endosteal vs. periosteal regional differences were observed in the LCN and its components in either young or aged women A reduction in canaliculi with age may contribute to bone fragility in aged women
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A M Ashique
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - L S Hart
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - C D L Thomas
- Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - J G Clement
- Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - P Pivonka
- St. Vincent's Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Y Carter
- Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - D D Mousseau
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - D M L Cooper
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hoefert S, Yuan A, Munz A, Grimm M, Elayouti A, Reinert S. Clinical course and therapeutic outcomes of operatively and non-operatively managed patients with denosumab-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (DRONJ). J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2017; 45:570-578. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2017.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
|
11
|
Bach-Gansmo FL, Brüel A, Jensen MV, Ebbesen EN, Birkedal H, Thomsen JS. Osteocyte lacunar properties and cortical microstructure in human iliac crest as a function of age and sex. Bone 2016; 91:11-9. [PMID: 27397700 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Osteocytes are suggested to play a central role in bone remodeling. Evaluation of iliac crest biopsies is a standard procedure for evaluating bone conditions in the clinical setting. Despite the widespread use of such biopsies, little is known about the population of osteocytes in the iliac crest from normal individuals. Contradicting results have been reported on osteocyte lacunar properties in human bone. Hence, a solid understanding of the osteocyte population in healthy bone and the effect of age and sex is needed as good reference data are lacking. Furthermore, the role of cortical bone in bone quality has recently been suggested to be more important than previously realized. Therefore, the present study assesses osteocyte lacunar properties and cortical microstructure of the iliac crest as a function of age and sex. A total of 88 iliac crest bone samples from healthy individuals (46 women, aged 18.5-96.4years and 42 men, aged 22.6-94.6years) with an even age-distribution were examined using synchrotron radiation μCT and in house μCT, with >5×10(6) osteocyte lacunae measured and analyzed. The study revealed that osteocyte lacunar volumes were unaffected by both age and sex. Osteocyte lacunar density did not differ between women and men, and only showed a significant decrease with age when pooling data from both sexes. Cortical porosity and Haversian canal density increased while cortical thickness decreased with age, with cortical thinning dominating the age-related cortical bone loss. None of the cortical microstructural parameters showed any sex dependency. Only weak links between osteocyte lacunar properties and cortical microstructural properties in iliac crest bone were found. Interestingly, the Haversian canal diameters were significantly but weakly negatively correlated with osteocyte lacunar volumes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Annemarie Brüel
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | | | | | - Henrik Birkedal
- Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
We review the current X-ray techniques with 3D imaging capability at the nano-scale: transmission X-ray microscopy, ptychography and in-line phase nano-tomography. We further review the different ultra-structural features that have so far been resolved: the lacuno-canalicular network, collagen orientation, nano-scale mineralization and their use as basis for mechanical simulations. X-ray computed tomography at the micro-metric scale is increasingly considered as the reference technique in imaging of bone micro-structure. The trend has been to push towards increasingly higher resolution. Due to the difficulty of realizing optics in the hard X-ray regime, the magnification has mainly been due to the use of visible light optics and indirect detection of the X-rays, which limits the attainable resolution with respect to the wavelength of the visible light used in detection. Recent developments in X-ray optics and instrumentation have allowed to implement several types of methods that achieve imaging that is limited in resolution by the X-ray wavelength, thus enabling computed tomography at the nano-scale. We review here the X-ray techniques with 3D imaging capability at the nano-scale: transmission X-ray microscopy, ptychography and in-line phase nano-tomography. Further, we review the different ultra-structural features that have so far been resolved and the applications that have been reported: imaging of the lacuno-canalicular network, direct analysis of collagen orientation, analysis of mineralization on the nano-scale and use of 3D images at the nano-scale to drive mechanical simulations. Finally, we discuss the issue of going beyond qualitative description to quantification of ultra-structural features.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Langer
- Université de Lyon, CREATIS; CNRS UMR5220; Inserm U1044; INSA-Lyon; Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, Grenoble, France.
| | - F Peyrin
- Université de Lyon, CREATIS; CNRS UMR5220; Inserm U1044; INSA-Lyon; Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, Grenoble, France
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Osteocyte lacunar properties in rat cortical bone: Differences between lamellar and central bone. J Struct Biol 2015; 191:59-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
14
|
Hesse B, Varga P, Langer M, Pacureanu A, Schrof S, Männicke N, Suhonen H, Maurer P, Cloetens P, Peyrin F, Raum K. Canalicular network morphology is the major determinant of the spatial distribution of mass density in human bone tissue: evidence by means of synchrotron radiation phase-contrast nano-CT. J Bone Miner Res 2015; 30:346-56. [PMID: 25130720 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Revised: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In bone remodeling, maturation of the newly formed osteonal tissue is associated with a rapid primary increase followed by a slower secondary increase of mineralization. This requires supply and precipitation of mineral into the bone matrix. Mineral delivery can occur only from the extracellular fluid via interfaces such as the Haversian system and the osteocyte pore network. We hypothesized that in mineralization, mineral exchange is achieved by the diffusion of mineral from the lacunar-canalicular network (LCN) to the bone matrix, resulting in a gradual change in tissue mineralization with respect to the distance from the pore-matrix interface. We expected to observe alterations in the mass density distribution with tissue age. We further hypothesized that mineral exchange occurs not only at the lacunar but also at the canalicular boundaries. The aim of this study was, therefore, to investigate the spatial distribution of mass density in the perilacunar and pericanalicular bone matrix and to explore how these densities are influenced by tissue aging. This is achieved by analyzing human jawbone specimens originating from four healthy donors and four treated with high-dosage bisphosphonate using synchrotron radiation phase-contrast nano-CT with a 50-nm voxel size. Our results provide the first experimental evidence that mass density in the direct vicinity of both lacunae (p < 0.001) and canaliculi (p < 0.001) is different from the mean matrix mass density, resulting in gradients with respect to the distance from both pore-matrix interfaces, which diminish with increasing tissue age. Though limited by the sample size, these findings support our hypotheses. Moreover, the density gradients are more pronounced around the lacunae than around the canaliculi, which are explained by geometrical considerations in the LCN morphology. In addition, we speculate that mineral exchange occurs at all interfaces of the LCN, not only in mineralization but also in mineral homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Hesse
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France; Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies & Julius Wolff Institute, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|