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Ning B, Wang Z, He J, Wu Q, Deng Q, Yang Q, Gao J, Fu W, Deng Y, Wu B, Huang X, Mei J, Jiang F, Fu W. The rapid antidepressant effect of acupuncture on two animal models of depression by inhibiting M1-Ach receptors regulates synaptic plasticity in the prefrontal cortex. Brain Res 2024; 1822:148609. [PMID: 37783259 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unclear whether acupuncture has a rapid antidepressant effect and what is the main mechanism. METHODS In this study, forced swimming stress test (FST) in mice were divided into five groups: control group, acupuncture group, scopolamine group, arecoline group, and acupuncture + arecoline group. Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model rats were divided into six groups: naïve (non-CUMS) group, CUMS group, acupuncture group, scopolamine group, arecoline group, and acupuncture + arecoline group. Twenty-four hours after the end of treatment, FST was conducted in mice and rats. The expression of M1-AchR, AMPA receptors (GluR1 and GluR2), BDNF, mTOR, p-mTOR, synapsin I, and PSD95 in the prefrontal cortex was determined by western blot. The spine density of neurons in the prefrontal cortex was detected by golgi staining. RESULTS The results showed that acupuncture reduced the immobility time of FST in two depression models. Acupuncture inhibited the expression of M1-AchR and promoted the expression of GluR1, GluR2, BDNF, p-mTOR, synapsin I, PSD95, and increased the density of neuron dendritic spine in the prefrontal cortex. CONCLUSIONS The rapid antidepressant effect of acupuncture may be activating the "glutamate tide" - AMPA receptor activation - BDNF release - mTORC1 pathway activation through inhibiting the expression of M1-AchR in the prefrontal cortex, thereby increasing the expression of synaptic proteins and regulating synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baile Ning
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhifang Wang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiangshan He
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiyue Deng
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Gao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wen Fu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying Deng
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingxin Wu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xichang Huang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jilin Mei
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Jiang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Wenbin Fu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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2
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Smith G, Thapak P, Paydar A, Ying Z, Gomez-Pinilla F, Harris NG. Altering the Trajectory of Perfusion-Diffusion Deficits Using A BDNF Mimetic Acutely After TBI is Associated with Improved Functional Connectivity. PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY (DOVER, DEL.) 2023; 10:10.60124/j.pneuro.2023.10.07. [PMID: 38037566 PMCID: PMC10689006 DOI: 10.60124/j.pneuro.2023.10.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in metabolic deficits and functionally compromised tissue. The BDNF mimetic R13 has a significant positive effect on both tissue metabolism and behavioral outcome after TBI, indicating a promising therapeutic. To understand the mechanism of action for this intervention, we determined whether there was any association between the underlying metabolic insult and any improvement in resting state functional connectivity (FC) with MRI, or whether R13 acts through mechanisms unrelated to metabolic recovery. We found perfusion deficits could be reasonably approximated by reductions in mean diffusivity (MD) acutely after injury, because a majority of regions with low perfusion matched to regions of low MD, indicative of cell swelling. Injury alone resulted in reduced cross-brain FC and contralateral hyperconnectivity at 1d compared to sham and these were spatially coincident with regions of low MD. R13 intervention at 1-7d altered the tissue trajectory of MD pathology away from pseudo-normalization so that a greater volume of tissue remained with low MD at 7d. These same regions were associated with significant changes in cross-brain and contralateral FC in R13 treated rats compared to injured vehicle-treated rats. These data indicate a likely metabolic effect of R13 acutely after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Smith
- Department of Neurosurgery, UCLA David Geffen School. of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
- UCLA Brain Injury Research Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Pavan Thapak
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Afshin Paydar
- Department of Neurosurgery, UCLA David Geffen School. of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
- UCLA Brain Injury Research Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Zhe Ying
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Fernando Gomez-Pinilla
- UCLA Brain Injury Research Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Neil G. Harris
- Department of Neurosurgery, UCLA David Geffen School. of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
- UCLA Brain Injury Research Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Mango D, Ledonne A. Updates on the Physiopathology of Group I Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors (mGluRI)-Dependent Long-Term Depression. Cells 2023; 12:1588. [PMID: 37371058 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRI), including mGluR1 and mGluR5 subtypes, modulate essential brain functions by affecting neuronal excitability, intracellular calcium dynamics, protein synthesis, dendritic spine formation, and synaptic transmission and plasticity. Nowadays, it is well appreciated that the mGluRI-dependent long-term depression (LTD) of glutamatergic synaptic transmission (mGluRI-LTD) is a key mechanism by which mGluRI shapes connectivity in various cerebral circuitries, directing complex brain functions and behaviors, and that it is deranged in several neurological and psychiatric illnesses, including neurodevelopmental disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and psychopathologies. Here, we will provide an updated overview of the physiopathology of mGluRI-LTD, by describing mechanisms of induction and regulation by endogenous mGluRI interactors, as well as functional physiological implications and pathological deviations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalila Mango
- School of Pharmacy, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Synaptic Plasticity, European Brain Research Institute, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Ada Ledonne
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
- Department of Experimental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy
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4
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Cheng S, Xu J, Wang W, Wang R, Li H, Jiang Z, Liu D, Pan F. Inhibition of mGluR5 alters BDNF/TrkB and GLT-1 expression in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus and ameliorates PTSD-like behavior in rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2023; 240:837-851. [PMID: 36725696 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-023-06325-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVE Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a prevalent and debilitating psychiatric disorder. However, its specific etiological mechanism remains unclear. Previous studies have shown that traumatic stress changes metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) expression in the hippocampus (HIP) and prefrontal cortex (PFC). More importantly, mGluR5 expression is often accompanied by alterations in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Furthermore, BDNF/tropomyosin-associated kinase B (TrkB) signaling plays multiple roles, including roles in neuroplasticity and antidepressant activity, by regulating glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) expression. This study aims to explore the effects of inhibiting mGluR5 on PTSD-like behaviors and BDNF, TrkB, and GLT-1 expression in the HIP and PFC of inevitable foot shock (IFS)-treated rats. METHODS Seven-day IFS was used to establish a PTSD rat model, and 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)-pyridine (MPEP) (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection) was used to inhibit the activity of mGluR5 during IFS in rats. After modeling, behavioral changes and mGluR5, BDNF, TrkB, and GLT-1 expression in the PFC and HIP were examined. RESULTS First, the IFS procedure induced PTSD-like behavior. Second, IFS increased the expression of mGluR5 and decreased BDNF, TrkB, and GLT-1 expression in the PFC and HIP. Third, the mGluR5 antagonist blocked the above behavioral and molecular alterations. CONCLUSIONS mGluR5 was involved in IFS-induced PTSD-like behavior by changing BDNF, TrkB, and GLT-1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyue Cheng
- Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics, School of Basic Medical Medicine Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Xu
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 758 Hefei Road, Qingdao, 266035, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics, School of Basic Medical Medicine Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics, School of Basic Medical Medicine Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Haonan Li
- Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics, School of Basic Medical Medicine Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijun Jiang
- Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics, School of Basic Medical Medicine Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Dexiang Liu
- Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics, School of Basic Medical Medicine Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Pan
- Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics, School of Basic Medical Medicine Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China.
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PET imaging of animal models with depressive-like phenotypes. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2023; 50:1564-1584. [PMID: 36642759 PMCID: PMC10119194 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-022-06073-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder is a growing and poorly understood pathology. Due to technical and ethical limitations, a significant proportion of the research on depressive disorders cannot be performed on patients, but needs to be investigated in animal paradigms. Over the years, animal studies have provided new insight in the mechanisms underlying depression. Several of these studies have used PET imaging for the non-invasive and longitudinal investigation of the brain physiology. This review summarises the findings of preclinical PET imaging in different experimental paradigms of depression and compares these findings with observations from human studies. Preclinical PET studies in animal models of depression can be divided into three main different approaches: (a) investigation of glucose metabolism as a biomarker for regional and network involvement, (b) evaluation of the availability of different neuroreceptor populations associated with depressive phenotypes, and (c) monitoring of the inflammatory response in phenotypes of depression. This review also assesses the relevance of the use of PET imaging techniques in animal paradigms for the understanding of specific aspects of the depressive-like phenotypes, in particular whether it might contribute to achieve a more detailed characterisation of the clinical depressive phenotypes for the development of new therapies for depression.
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Asch RH, Hillmer AT, Baldassarri SR, Esterlis I. The metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 as a biomarker for psychiatric disorders. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 168:265-310. [PMID: 36868631 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The role of glutamate system in the etiology and pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders has gained considerable attention in the past two decades, including dysregulation of the metabotropic glutamatergic receptor subtype 5 (mGlu5). Thus, mGlu5 may represent a promising therapeutic target for psychiatric conditions, particularly stress-related disorders. Here, we describe mGlu5 findings in mood disorders, anxiety, and trauma disorders, as well as substance use (specifically nicotine, cannabis, and alcohol use). We highlight insights gained from positron emission tomography (PET) studies, where possible, and discuss findings from treatment trials, when available, to explore the role of mGlu5 in these psychiatric disorders. Through the research evidence reviewed in this chapter, we make the argument that, not only is dysregulation of mGlu5 evident in numerous psychiatric disorders, potentially functioning as a disease "biomarker," the normalization of glutamate neurotransmission via changes in mGlu5 expression and/or modulation of mGlu5 signaling may be a needed component in treating some psychiatric disorders or symptoms. Finally, we hope to demonstrate the utility of PET as an important tool for investigating mGlu5 in disease mechanisms and treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth H Asch
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States.
| | - Ansel T Hillmer
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Stephen R Baldassarri
- Yale Program in Addiction Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Irina Esterlis
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, United States
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7
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G Modrak C, S Wilkinson C, L Blount H, Schwendt M, A Knackstedt L. The role of mGlu receptors in susceptibility to stress-induced anhedonia, fear, and anxiety-like behavior. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 168:221-264. [PMID: 36868630 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2022.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Stress and trauma exposure contribute to the development of psychiatric disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) in a subset of people. A large body of preclinical work has found that the metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) family of G protein-coupled receptors regulate several behaviors that are part of the symptom clusters for both PTSD and MDD, including anhedonia, anxiety, and fear. Here, we review this literature, beginning with a summary of the wide variety of preclinical models used to assess these behaviors. We then summarize the involvement of Group I and II mGlu receptors in these behaviors. Bringing together this extensive literature reveals that mGlu5 signaling plays distinct roles in anhedonia, fear, and anxiety-like behavior. mGlu5 promotes susceptibility to stress-induced anhedonia and resilience to stress-induced anxiety-like behavior, while serving a fundamental role in the learning underlying fear conditioning. The medial prefrontal cortex, basolateral amygdala, nucleus accumbens, and ventral hippocampus are key regions where mGlu5, mGlu2, and mGlu3 regulate these behaviors. There is strong support that stress-induced anhedonia arises from decreased glutamate release and post-synaptic mGlu5 signaling. Conversely, decreasing mGlu5 signaling increases resilience to stress-induced anxiety-like behavior. Consistent with opposing roles for mGlu5 and mGlu2/3 in anhedonia, evidence suggests that increased glutamate transmission may be therapeutic for the extinction of fear learning. Thus, a large body of literature supports the targeting of pre- and post-synaptic glutamate signaling to ameliorate post-stress anhedonia, fear, and anxiety-like behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra G Modrak
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; Center for Addiction Research and Education, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; Center for OCD, Anxiety, and Related Disorders, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Courtney S Wilkinson
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; Center for Addiction Research and Education, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; Center for OCD, Anxiety, and Related Disorders, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Harrison L Blount
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; Center for Addiction Research and Education, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; Center for OCD, Anxiety, and Related Disorders, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Marek Schwendt
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; Center for Addiction Research and Education, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; Center for OCD, Anxiety, and Related Disorders, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Lori A Knackstedt
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; Center for Addiction Research and Education, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; Center for OCD, Anxiety, and Related Disorders, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
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Li Y, Guo Q, Huang J, Wang Z. Antidepressant Active Ingredients From Chinese Traditional Herb Panax Notoginseng: A Pharmacological Mechanism Review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:922337. [PMID: 35795547 PMCID: PMC9252462 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.922337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is one of the most common mental illnesses in the world and is highly disabling, lethal, and seriously endangers social stability. The side effects of clinical drugs used to treat depression are obvious, and the onset time is longer. Therefore, there is a great demand for antidepressant drugs with better curative effects, fewer side effects, and shorter onset time. Panax notoginseng, a Chinese herbal medication, has been used to treat depression for thousands of years and shown to have a therapeutic effect on depression. This review surveyed PubMed’s most recent 20 years of research on Panax notoginseng’s use for treating depression. We mainly highlight animal model research and outlined the pathways influenced by medicines. We provide a narrative review of recent empirical evidence of the anti-depressive effects of Panax Notoginseng and novel ideas for developing innovative clinical antidepressants with fewer side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Li
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingwan Guo
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junqing Huang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Junqing Huang, ; Ziying Wang,
| | - Ziying Wang
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Junqing Huang, ; Ziying Wang,
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Mao LM, Mathur N, Wang JQ. Downregulation of surface AMPA receptor expression in the striatum following prolonged social isolation, a role of mGlu5 receptors. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2022; 13:22-30. [PMID: 35711245 PMCID: PMC9193854 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2022.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder is a common and serious mood illness. The molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis and symptomatology of depression are poorly understood at present. Multiple neurotransmitter systems are believed to be implicated in depression. Increasing evidence supports glutamatergic transmission as a critical element in depression and antidepressant activity. In this study, we investigated adaptive changes in expression of AMPA receptors in a key limbic reward structure, the striatum, in response to an anhedonic model of depression. Prolonged social isolation in adult rats caused anhedonic/depression- and anxiety-like behavior. In these depressed rats, surface levels of AMPA receptors, mainly GluA1 and GluA3 subunits, were reduced in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). Surface GluA1/A3 expression was also reduced in the caudate putamen (CPu) following chronic social isolation. No change was observed in expression of presynaptic synaptophysin, postsynaptic density-95, and dendritic microtubule-associated protein 2 in the striatum. Noticeably, chronic treatment with the metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptor 5 antagonist MTEP reversed the reduction of AMPA receptors in the NAc and CPu. MTEP also prevented depression- and anxiety-like behavior induced by social isolation. These data indicate that adulthood prolonged social isolation induces the adaptive downregulation of GluA1/A3-containing AMPA receptor expression in the limbic striatum. mGlu5 receptor activity is linked to this downregulation, and antagonism of mGlu5 receptors produces an antidepressant effect in this anhedonic model of depression.
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Key Words
- AMPA, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid;
- ANOVA, analysis of variance
- Antidepressant
- CDH2, Cadherin-2
- CPu, caudate putamen
- Caudate putamen
- GluA1
- MAP-2, microtubule-associated protein 2
- MTEP
- MTEP, 3-[(2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)ethynyl]-pyridine
- Metabotropic glutamate receptor
- NAc, nucleus accumbens
- NCAD, neural cadherin
- Nucleus accumbens
- PFC, prefrontal cortex
- PSD-95, postsynaptic density-95
- Social isolation
- mGlu, metabotropic glutamate
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Min Mao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Nirav Mathur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - John Q. Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA,Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA,Correspondence to: Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, School of Medicine, 2411 Holmes Street, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA.
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10
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Safinamide in the treatment pathway of Parkinson's Disease: a European Delphi Consensus. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2022; 8:17. [PMID: 35190544 PMCID: PMC8861053 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-022-00277-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Safinamide is a highly selective, reversible MAO B-inhibitor recently marketed in European and North American countries. To better define clinical indications regarding motor and non-motor symptoms, targeted population and safety of this compound, ten movement disorders specialists, experts in their field, convened and developed a panel of statements on: the role of glutamate in Parkinson's disease, introduction to fluctuations, efficacy of safinamide on motor symptoms, motor complications and non-motor symptoms, quality of life, safety of safinamide and target population for use. Strong consensus was reached for all the statements on the efficacy of safinamide on motor symptoms, motor fluctuations, quality of life and safety. Among non-motor symptoms, a positive consensus was reached for the symptoms sleep/fatigue, mood, and pain while there was a lack of consensus for the statements regarding the efficacy of safinamide in improving cognition, urinary and sexual functions. The statement on orthostatic hypotension obtained a negative consensus. The consistent and large agreement reached in this Delphi panel perfectly reflects the perception of efficacy, safety and tolerability of safinamide as evident from pivotal trials and clinical practice and shows how these findings may guide movement disorders specialists in their clinical therapeutic approach. The impact of non-motor symptoms in PD is considerable, and management remains an unmet need. In this context, the ability of safinamide to impact some non-motor symptoms may represent the most promising and distinctive feature of this compound and deserves further investigations.
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11
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Pagonabarraga J, Tinazzi M, Caccia C, Jost WH. The role of glutamatergic neurotransmission in the motor and non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease: Clinical cases and a review of the literature. J Clin Neurosci 2021; 90:178-183. [PMID: 34275546 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2021.05.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and, as such, many brain regions, including the basal ganglia, are rich in glutamatergic neurons. The importance of the basal ganglia in the control of voluntary movement has long been recognised, with the effect of dysfunction of the region exemplified by the motor symptoms seen in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the basal ganglia and the associated glutamatergic system also play a role in the modulation of emotion, nociception and cognition, dysregulation of which result in some of the non-motor symptoms of PD (depression/anxiety, pain and cognitive deficits). Thus, while the treatment of PD has traditionally been approached from the perspective of dopaminergic replacement, using agents such as levodopa and dopamine receptor agonists, the glutamatergic system offers a novel treatment target for the disease. Safinamide has been approved in over 20 countries globally for fluctuating PD as add-on therapy to levodopa regimens for the management of 'off' episodes. The drug has both dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic pharmacological effects, the latter including inhibition of abnormal glutamate release. The effect of safinamide on the glutamatergic system might present some advantages over dopamine-based therapies for PD by providing efficacy for motor (levodopa-induced dyskinesia) as well as non-motor (anxiety, mood disorders, pain) symptoms. In this article, we discuss the potential role of glutamatergic inhibition on these symptoms, using illustrative real-world examples of patients we have treated with safinamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Pagonabarraga
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Michele Tinazzi
- Neurology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Carla Caccia
- CNS Preclinical Pharmacology, Independent Advisor, Milan, Italy.
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12
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Targeting the dysfunction of glutamate receptors for the development of novel antidepressants. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 226:107875. [PMID: 33901503 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that dysfunction of glutamate receptors is involved in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). Although accumulating efforts have been made to elucidate the applications and mechanisms underlying antidepressant-like effects of ketamine, a non-selective antagonist of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), the role of specific glutamate receptor subunit in regulating depression is not completely clear. The current review aims to discuss the relationships between glutamate receptor subunits and depressive-like behaviors. Research literatures were searched from inception to July 2020. We summarized the alterations of glutamate receptor subunits in patients with MDD and animal models of depression. Animal behaviors in response to dysfunction of glutamate receptor subunits were also surveyed. To fully understand mechanisms underlying antidepressant-like effects of modulators targeting glutamate receptors, we discussed effects of each glutamate receptor subunit on serotonin system, synaptic plasticity, neurogenesis and neuroinflammation. Finally, we collected most recent clinical applications of glutamate receptor modulators and pointed out the limitations of these candidates in the treatment of MDD.
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Wang HQ, Wang ZZ, Chen NH. The receptor hypothesis and the pathogenesis of depression: Genetic bases and biological correlates. Pharmacol Res 2021; 167:105542. [PMID: 33711432 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Depression has become one of the most prevalent neuropsychiatric disorders characterized by anhedonia, anxiety, pessimism, or even suicidal thoughts. Receptor theory has been pointed out to explain the pathogenesis of depression, while it is still subject to debate. Additionally, gene abnormality accounts for nearly 40-50% of depression risk, which is a significant factor contributing to the onset of depression. Accordingly, studying on receptors and their gene abnormality are critical parts of the research on internal causes of depression. This review summarizes the pathogenesis of depression from six of the most related receptors and their associated genes, including N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor, glucocorticoid receptor, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor, GABAA receptor α2, and dopamine receptor; and several "non-classic" receptors, such as metabotropic glutamate receptor, opioid receptor, and insulin receptor. These receptors have received considerable critical attention and are highly implicated in the onset of depression. We begin by providing the biological mechanisms of action of these receptors on the pathogenesis of depression. Then we review the historical and social context about these receptors. Finally, we discuss the limitations of the current state of knowledge and outline insights on future research directions, aiming to provide more novel targets and theoretical basis for the early prevention, accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Qin Wang
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine & Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, Changsha 410208, Hunan, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Zhen-Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Nai-Hong Chen
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine & Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, Changsha 410208, Hunan, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
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14
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Goldstein Ferber S, Weller A, Yadid G, Friedman A. Discovering the Lost Reward: Critical Locations for Endocannabinoid Modulation of the Cortico-Striatal Loop That Are Implicated in Major Depression. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1867. [PMID: 33668515 PMCID: PMC7918043 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression, the most prevalent psychiatric disorder in the Western world, is characterized by increased negative affect (i.e., depressed mood, cost value increase) and reduced positive affect (i.e., anhedonia, reward value decrease), fatigue, loss of appetite, and reduced psychomotor activity except for cases of agitative depression. Some forms, such as post-partum depression, have a high risk for suicidal attempts. Recent studies in humans and in animal models relate major depression occurrence and reoccurrence to alterations in dopaminergic activity, in addition to other neurotransmitter systems. Imaging studies detected decreased activity in the brain reward circuits in major depression. Therefore, the location of dopamine receptors in these circuits is relevant for understanding major depression. Interestingly, in cortico-striatal-dopaminergic pathways within the reward and cost circuits, the expression of dopamine and its contribution to reward are modulated by endocannabinoid receptors. These receptors are enriched in the striosomal compartment of striatum that selectively projects to dopaminergic neurons of substantia nigra compacta and is vulnerable to stress. This review aims to show the crosstalk between endocannabinoid and dopamine receptors and their vulnerability to stress in the reward circuits, especially in corticostriatal regions. The implications for novel treatments of major depression are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sari Goldstein Ferber
- Department of Psychology and the Leslie and Susan Gonda (Goldschmied) Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel; (S.G.F.); (A.W.)
| | - Aron Weller
- Department of Psychology and the Leslie and Susan Gonda (Goldschmied) Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel; (S.G.F.); (A.W.)
| | - Gal Yadid
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences and the Leslie and Susan Gonda (Goldschmied) Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel;
| | - Alexander Friedman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
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15
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Hasan G, Sharma A. Regulation of neuronal physiology by Ca2+ release through the IP3R. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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16
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Mao LM, Wang JQ. Linkage of Non-receptor Tyrosine Kinase Fyn to mGlu5 Receptors in Striatal Neurons in a Depression Model. Neuroscience 2020; 433:11-20. [PMID: 32145272 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The Src family kinase (SFK) is a subfamily of non-receptor tyrosine kinases. The SFK member Fyn is enriched at synaptic sites in the limbic reward circuit and plays a pivotal role in the regulation of glutamate receptors. In this study, we investigated changes in phosphorylation and function of the two key SFK members (Fyn and Src) and SFK interactions with a metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptor in the limbic striatum of adult rats in response to chronic passive stress, i.e., prolonged social isolation which is a pre-validated animal paradigm modeling depression in adulthood. In rats that showed typical anhedonic/depression-like behavior after chronic social isolation, phosphorylation of SFKs at a conserved and activation-associated autophosphorylation site (Y416) was not altered in the two subdivisions of the striatum, the nucleus accumbens and caudate putamen. The total level of phosphorylation and kinase activity of individual Fyn and Src immunopurified from the striatum also remained stable after social isolation. Noticeably, Fyn and Src were found to interact with a Gαq-coupled mGlu5 receptor in striatal neurons. The interaction of Fyn with mGlu5 receptors was selectively elevated in socially isolated rats. Moreover, social isolation induced an increase in surface expression of striatal mGlu5 receptors, which was reduced by an SFK inhibitor. These results indicate that Fyn interacts with mGlu5 receptors in striatal neurons. Adulthood social isolation in rats enhances the Fyn-mGlu5 interaction, which appears to be critical for the upregulation of surface mGlu5 receptor expression in striatal neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Min Mao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - John Q Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA.
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17
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Li MX, Li Q, Sun XJ, Luo C, Li Y, Wang YN, Chen J, Gong CZ, Li YJ, Shi LP, Zheng YF, Li RC, Huang XL, Xiong QJ, Chen H. Increased Homer1-mGluR5 mediates chronic stress-induced depressive-like behaviors and glutamatergic dysregulation via activation of PERK-eIF2α. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2019; 95:109682. [PMID: 31265863 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2019.109682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Glutamatergic dysregulation has served as one common pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) and a promising target for treatment intervention. Previous studies implicate neurotransmission via metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) and Homer1 in stress-induced anhedonia, but the mechanisms have not been well elucidated. In the present study, we used two different animal models of depression, chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) and chronic restraint stress (CRS), to investigate the expression of Homer1 isoforms and functional interaction with mGluRs. We found that chronic stress selectively upregulated the expression of Homer1b/c in the hippocampus, whereas the level of Homer1a was unchanged. Additionally, there was a significant negative correlation between the levels of Homer1-mGluR5 signaling and depressive-like behaviors. Both application of paired-pulse low-frequency stimulation (PP-LFS) and the selective group 1 mGluRs agonist (RS)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG) significantly enhanced mGluR-dependent long-term depression (LTD) at CA3-CA1 pyramidal cell synapses in slices from susceptible mice, whereas there was no change in NMDAR-dependent LTD induced by LFS. Furthermore, these effects were associated with the internalization of surface AMPARs in hippocampal pyramidal neurons, including reduced the expression of AMPARs and amplitude of AMPARs-mediated mEPSC. Finally, we found that chronic stress activated the KR-like ER kinase-eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (PERK-eIF2α) signaling pathway, subsequently phosphorylated cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) at the S129 and reduced the BDNF level, eventually leading to the impairment of synaptic transmission and depressive-like behaviors. Therefore, our study suggests that PERK-eIF2α acts as a critical target downstream of Homer1-mGluR5 complex to mediate chronic stress-induced depressive-like behaviors, and highlights them as a potential target for the treatment of mood disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Xing Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Tongji-Wisconsin Stem Cell Application Technology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xue-Jiao Sun
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Can Luo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Ya-Nan Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Chen-Zi Gong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ya-Jie Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Li-Ping Shi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yi-Feng Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Rong-Chun Li
- Department of Pain Management, Wuhan Pu-Ai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Qiu-Ju Xiong
- Department of Pain Management, Wuhan Pu-Ai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Tongji-Wisconsin Stem Cell Application Technology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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18
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Mao LM, Wang JQ. Amphetamine-induced Conditioned Place Preference and Changes in mGlu1/5 Receptor Expression and Signaling in the Rat Medial Prefrontal Cortex. Neuroscience 2018; 400:110-119. [PMID: 30599269 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is implicated in the rewarding effect of psychostimulants, although molecular mechanisms underlying the rewarding properties of stimulants in this region are poorly understood. Group I metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors (mGlu1/5 subtypes) are believed to be critical in this event. We thus in this study investigated changes in mGlu1/5 receptor expression and function in the rat mPFC in response to conditioned place preference (CPP) induced by amphetamine. Repeated amphetamine administration (2.5 mg/kg, once daily on alternate days for 10 days) induced reliable CPP. In the mPFC, surface expression of mGlu5 receptors was elevated in rats after amphetamine conditioning. mGlu5 receptors were also increased at synaptic and extrasynaptic sites in amphetamine-conditioned rats. Expression of mGlu1 receptors was stable in surface and synaptic compartments, while it was elevated in the extrasynaptic location. In mPFC neurons, the mGlu1/5 agonist-stimulated phosphoinositide signaling pathway was upregulated in its efficacy following amphetamine conditioning. The mGlu1/5 agonist-stimulated Src kinase phosphorylation was also augmented in rats treated with amphetamine. These results demonstrate the sensitivity of mPFC mGlu1/5 receptors to amphetamine-induced CPP. Amphetamine conditioning results in the upregulation of mGlu1/5 receptor expression at subcellular and/or subsynaptic levels and mGlu1/5-mediated postreceptor signaling in mPFC neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Min Mao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - John Q Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA.
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