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Xu K, Ren Y, Zhao S, Feng J, Wu Q, Gong X, Chen J, Xie P. Oral D-ribose causes depressive-like behavior by altering glycerophospholipid metabolism via the gut-brain axis. Commun Biol 2024; 7:69. [PMID: 38195757 PMCID: PMC10776610 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05759-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Our previous work has shown that D-ribose (RIB)-induced depressive-like behaviors in mice. However, the relationship between variations in RIB levels and depression as well as potential RIB participation in depressive disorder is yet unknown. Here, a reanalysis of metabonomics data from depressed patients and depression model rats is performed to clarify whether the increased RIB level is positively correlated with the severity of depression. Moreover, we characterize intestinal epithelial barrier damage, gut microbial composition and function, and microbiota-gut-brain metabolic signatures in RIB-fed mice using colonic histomorphology, 16 S rRNA gene sequencing, and untargeted metabolomics analysis. The results show that RIB caused intestinal epithelial barrier impairment and microbiota-gut-brain axis dysbiosis. These microbial and metabolic modules are consistently enriched in peripheral (fecal, colon wall, and serum) and central (hippocampus) glycerophospholipid metabolism. In addition, three differential genera (Lachnospiraceae_UCG-006, Turicibacter, and Akkermansia) and two types of glycerophospholipids (phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine) have greater contributions to the overall correlations between differential genera and glycerophospholipids. These findings suggest that the disturbances of gut microbiota by RIB may contribute to the onset of depressive-like behaviors via regulating glycerophospholipid metabolism, and providing new insight for understanding the function of microbiota-gut-brain axis in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Ren
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400010, Chongqing, China
- Lab of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinzhou Feng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingyuan Wu
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, 404031, Chongqing, China
| | - Xue Gong
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China.
| | - Peng Xie
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China.
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China.
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Zhai X, Ai L, Chen D, Zhou D, Han Y, Ji R, Hu M, Wang Q, Zhang M, Wang Y, Zhang C, Yang JX, Hu A, Liu H, Cao JL, Zhang H. Multiple integrated social stress induces depressive-like behavioral and neural adaptations in female C57BL/6J mice. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 190:106374. [PMID: 38097092 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite women representing most of those affected by major depression, preclinical studies have focused almost exclusively on male subjects, partially due to a lack of ideal animal paradigms. As the persistent need regarding the sex balance of neuroscience research and female-specific pathology of mental disorders surges, the establishment of natural etiology-based and systematically validated animal paradigms for depression with female subjects becomes an urgent scientific problem. This study aims to establish, characterize, and validate a "Multiple Integrated Social Stress (MISS)" model of depression in female C57BL/6J mice by manipulating and integrating daily social stressors that females are experiencing. Female C57BL/6J mice randomly experienced social competition failure in tube test, modified vicarious social defeat stress, unescapable overcrowding stress followed by social isolation on each day, for ten consecutive days. Compared with their controls, female MISS mice exhibited a relatively decreased preference for social interaction and sucrose, along with increased immobility in the tail suspension test, which could last for at least one month. These MISS mice also exhibited increased levels of blood serum corticosterone, interleukin-6 L and 1β. In the pharmacological experiment, MISS-induced dysfunctions in social interaction, sucrose preference, and tail suspension tests were amended by systematically administrating a single dose of sub-anesthetic ketamine, a rapid-onset antidepressant. Compared with controls, MISS females exhibited decreased c-Fos activation in their anterior cingulate cortex, prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens and some other depression-related brain regions. Furthermore, 24 h after the last exposure to the paradigm, MISS mice demonstrated a decreased center zone time in the open field test and decreased open arm time in the elevated plus-maze test, indicating anxiety-like behavioral phenotypes. Interestingly, MISS mice developed an excessive nesting ability, suggesting a likely behavioral phenotype of obsessive-compulsive disorder. These data showed that the MISS paradigm was sufficient to generate pathological profiles in female mice to mimic core symptoms, serum biochemistry and neural adaptations of depression in clinical patients. The present study offers a multiple integrated natural etiology-based animal model tool for studying female stress susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Zhai
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Lin Ai
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Dandan Chen
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Dongyu Zhou
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Yi Han
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Ran Ji
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Mengfan Hu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Moruo Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Jun-Xia Yang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Ankang Hu
- Laboratory Animal Center of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, PR China
| | - He Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology & Clinical Research Center for Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou 313003, China; The Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Huzhou 313003, China; The Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Huzhou 313003, China; The Affiliated Central Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313003, China.
| | - Jun-Li Cao
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Department of Anesthesiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China.
| | - Hongxing Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China.
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Zhao F, Behnisch T. The Enigmatic CA2: Exploring the Understudied Region of the Hippocampus and Its Involvement in Parkinson's Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1996. [PMID: 37509636 PMCID: PMC10377725 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease that affects both motor and non-motor functions. Although motor impairment is a prominent clinical sign of PD, additional neurological symptoms may also occur, particularly in the preclinical and prodromal stages. Among these symptoms, social cognitive impairment is common and detrimental. This article aims to review non-motor symptoms in PD patients, focusing on social cognitive deficits. It also examines the specific characteristics of the CA2 region and its involvement in social behavior, highlighting recent advances and perspectives. Additionally, this review provides critical insights into and analysis of research conducted in rodents and humans, which may help improve the understanding of the current status of putative therapeutic strategies for social cognitive dysfunction in PD and potential avenues related to the function of the hippocampal CA2 region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Thomas Behnisch
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Cheng K, Wang Y, He Y, Tian Y, Li J, Chen C, Xu X, Wu Z, Yu H, Chen X, Wu Y, Song W, Dong Z, Xu H, Xie P. Upregulation of carbonic anhydrase 1 beneficial for depressive disorder. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:59. [PMID: 37013604 PMCID: PMC10071615 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01545-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbonic Anhydrase 1 (CAR1) is a zinc-metalloenzyme that catalyzes the hydration of carbon dioxide, and the alteration of CAR1 has been implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the mechanism underlying the role of CAR1 in major depressive disorder (MDD) remains largely unknown. In this study, we report the decreased level of CAR1 in MDD patients and depression-like model rodents. We found that CAR1 is expressed in hippocampal astrocytes and CAR1 regulates extracellular bicarbonate concentration and pH value in the partial hilus. Ablation of the CAR1 gene increased the activity of granule cells via decreasing their miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSC), and caused depression-like behaviors in CAR1-knockout mice. Astrocytic CAR1 expression rescued the deficits in mIPSCs of granule cells and reduced depression-like behaviors in CAR1 deficient mice. Furthermore, pharmacological activation of CAR1 and overexpression of CAR1 in the ventral hippocampus of mice improved depressive behaviors. These findings uncover a critical role of CAR1 in the MDD pathogenesis and its therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Cheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yue Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yong He
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yu Tian
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Junjie Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Chong Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xingzhe Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhonghao Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Heming Yu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiangyu Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yili Wu
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, School of Mental Health and Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Weihong Song
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, School of Mental Health and Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China.
| | - Zhifang Dong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.
| | - Huatai Xu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Peng Xie
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Larosa A, Wong TP. The hippocampus in stress susceptibility and resilience: Reviewing molecular and functional markers. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2022; 119:110601. [PMID: 35842073 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the individual variability that comes with the likelihood of developing stress-related psychopathologies is of paramount importance when addressing mechanisms of their neurobiology. This article focuses on the hippocampus as a region that is highly influenced by chronic stress exposure and that has strong ties to the development of related disorders, such as depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. We first outline three commonly used animal models that have been used to separate animals into susceptible and resilient cohorts. Next, we review molecular and functional hippocampal markers of susceptibility and resilience. We propose that the hippocampus plays a crucial role in the differences in the processing and storage of stress-related information in animals with different stress susceptibilities. These hippocampal markers not only help us attain a more comprehensive understanding of the various facets of stress-related pathophysiology, but also could be targeted for the development of new treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Larosa
- Neuroscience Division, Douglas Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada; Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tak Pan Wong
- Neuroscience Division, Douglas Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada; Dept. of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Dos Santos Guilherme M, Tsoutsouli T, Chongtham MC, Winter J, Gerber S, Müller MB, Endres K. Selective targeting of chronic social stress-induced activated neurons identifies neurogenesis-related genes to be associated with resilience in female mice. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2022; 139:105700. [PMID: 35220090 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Prolonged social stress is a major cause for depression in humans and is associated with a wide range of subsequent pathophysiological changes such as elevated blood pressure. A routinely used model for investigating this kind of stress in mice is the chronic social defeat paradigm where a smaller intruder is exposed to an aggressive inhabitant of a home cage. This model is restricted to males and includes a high proportion of physical stress that might e.g., interfere with immunological aspects of the stress. The prevalence of depression in humans is even higher in women than in men. Therefore, expanding models to female individuals is desirable. We here tested the social instability model as a tool for administering chronic social stress to female C57BL/6J mice and analyzed short-term as well as long-lasting effects. Animals were housed in groups of four and were shuffled two times a week, resulting in a permanent re-structuration of their social hierarchy. While directly after the stress exposure, serum corticosterone was elevated, increased body weight and fat deposits were observed in stressed mice even one year after discontinuation of the stress. At the behavioral level, animals could be stratified into resilient and susceptible animals directly post-stress, but those subgroups were not distinguishable any more in the long-term analysis. To identify molecular contributors to resilience in the here presented social instability induced stress model, Arc-activity dependent trapping of neurons was conducted in Arc-creERT2/sun1sfGFP mice. RNA samples derived from activated nuclei from the ventral hippocampus, a brain region involved in stress-regulation during attacks or explorative behavior of mice, were subjected to a neurogenesis pathway array. While several genes were differentially regulated by stress, in particular, artemin, a neurotrophic factor was upregulated in resilient versus susceptible individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malena Dos Santos Guilherme
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Theodora Tsoutsouli
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Monika Chanu Chongtham
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
| | - Jennifer Winter
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
| | - Susanne Gerber
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Marianne B Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
| | - Kristina Endres
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
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7
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Li Y, Chen Z, Zhao J, Yu H, Chen X, He Y, Tian Y, Wang Y, Chen C, Cheng K, Xie P. Neurotransmitter and Related Metabolic Profiling in the Nucleus Accumbens of Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress-Induced Anhedonia-Like Rats. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:862683. [PMID: 35571281 PMCID: PMC9100667 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.862683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a serious mental disorder that affects many people. The neurotransmitter deficiency hypothesis has been the crux of much research on the treatment of depression. Anhedonia, as a core symptom, was closely associated with altered levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), dopamine (DA), and diverse types of glutamate (Glu) receptors in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). However, there were no reports showing how Glu changed in the NAc, and there were other unreported molecules involved in modulating stress-induced anhedonia. Thus, we investigated changes in neurotransmitters and their related metabolites in GABAergic, serotonergic and catecholaminergic pathways in the NAc of a rat model of chronic unpredictable mild stress- (CUMS-) induced anhedonia-like behavior. Then, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was employed to detect target neurotransmitters and related metabolites in the NAc. Finally, the Western blot was used to assess the expression of key enzymes and receptors. Here, we found that the 5-HT level in anhedonia-susceptible (Sus) rats was increased while the Glu level decreased. DA did not show a significant change among CUMS rats. Correspondingly, we detected a reduction in monoamine oxidase-A (MAOA) and Glu receptor 1 levels in anhedonia-Sus rats while Glu receptor 2 (GluR2) and NMDA2B levels were increased in anhedonia-resilient (Res) rats. We also found that the levels of glutamine (Gln), kynurenic acid (Kya), histamine (HA), L-phenylalanine (L-Phe), and tyramine (Tyra) were changed after CUMS. These alterations in neurotransmitters may serve as a new insight into understanding the development of anhedonia-like behavior in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianting Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Xinxiang Central Hospital, The Fourth Clinical College of Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, China
| | - Heming Yu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangyu Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong He
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Tian
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yue Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chong Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ke Cheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Ke Cheng,
| | - Peng Xie
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Peng Xie,
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8
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Calpe-López C, Martínez-Caballero MA, García-Pardo MP, Aguilar MA. Resilience to the effects of social stress on vulnerability to developing drug addiction. World J Psychiatry 2022; 12:24-58. [PMID: 35111578 PMCID: PMC8783163 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v12.i1.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We review the still scarce but growing literature on resilience to the effects of social stress on the rewarding properties of drugs of abuse. We define the concept of resilience and how it is applied to the field of drug addiction research. We also describe the internal and external protective factors associated with resilience, such as individual behavioral traits and social support. We then explain the physiological response to stress and how it is modulated by resilience factors. In the subsequent section, we describe the animal models commonly used in the study of resilience to social stress, and we focus on the effects of chronic social defeat (SD), a kind of stress induced by repeated experience of defeat in an agonistic encounter, on different animal behaviors (depression- and anxiety-like behavior, cognitive impairment and addiction-like symptoms). We then summarize the current knowledge on the neurobiological substrates of resilience derived from studies of resilience to the effects of chronic SD stress on depression- and anxiety-related behaviors in rodents. Finally, we focus on the limited studies carried out to explore resilience to the effects of SD stress on the rewarding properties of drugs of abuse, describing the current state of knowledge and suggesting future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria P García-Pardo
- Faculty of Social and Human Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Teruel 44003, Spain
| | - Maria A Aguilar
- Department of Psychobiology, University of Valencia, Valencia 46010, Spain
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9
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Cai W, Wang XF, Wei XF, Zhang JR, Hu C, Ma W, Shen WD. Does urinary metabolite signature act as a biomarker of post-stroke depression? Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:928076. [PMID: 36090365 PMCID: PMC9448878 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.928076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is difficult to conduct the precise diagnosis of post-stroke depression (PSD) in clinical practice due to the complex psychopathology of depressive disorder. Several studies showed that gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-identified urinary metabolite biomarkers could significantly discriminate PSD from stroke survivors. METHODS A systematic review was performed for the keywords of "urinary metabolite" and "PSD" using Medline, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Wanfang, CNKI, CBM, and VIP database from inception to 31 March 2022. RESULTS Four related studies were included in the review. Differential urinary metabolites including lactic acid, palmitic acid, azelaic acid, and tyrosine were identified in all the included studies. As a significant deviation in the metabolite biomarker panel, glyceric acid, azelaic acid, phenylalanine, palmitic acid, pseudouridine, and tyrosine were found in at least 2 included studies, which indicated good potential for the differentiation of PSD. CONCLUSION The systematic review provided evidence that differential urinary metabolites analyzed by the GC-MS-based approach might be used as a biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of PSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wa Cai
- Department of Acupuncture, Shanghai Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia-Fei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi-Fang Wei
- Department of Acupuncture, Shanghai Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Ruo Zhang
- Department of Acupuncture, Shanghai Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Hu
- Department of Acupuncture, Shanghai Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Ma
- Department of Acupuncture, Shanghai Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Dong Shen
- Department of Acupuncture, Shanghai Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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10
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Pigment epithelium-derived factor may induce antidepressant phenotypes in mice by the prefrontal cortex. Neurosci Lett 2021; 771:136423. [PMID: 34965441 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a multifunctional glycoprotein encoded by SERPINF1 and our previous study reported that PEDF may have antidepressant effects. As a key brain region regulating cognition, memory and emotion, the prefrontal cortex (PFC) has been studied extensively in major depressive disorder (MDD), but there are few reports on the relationship between PEDF and the PFC. In this study, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that the PEDF level was decreased in the plasma of MDD patients compared with that of healthy controls. Western blotting validated that the PEDF expression in the PFC was downregulated in the mouse chronic social defeat stress and rat chronic unpredictable mild stress models of depression. Correspondingly, normal mice overexpressing PEDF in the PFC showed depression-resistant phenotypes. We detected PFC metabolite levels by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and found significant upregulation of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, kynurenine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, ornithine and glutamine, and downregulation of 5-hydroxytryptophan, glutamic acid and aspartic acid in PEDF-overexpressing mice compared with control mice, in which no such changes were detected. Combined with the above findings, this provides an insight into a potential mechanism of the antidepressant effects of PEDF via the PFC, which may help to improve understanding of depression pathophysiology.
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11
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Gu X, Ke S, Wang Q, Zhuang T, Xia C, Xu Y, Yang L, Zhou M. Energy metabolism in major depressive disorder: Recent advances from omics technologies and imaging. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111869. [PMID: 34225015 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a serious psychiatric disorder that associated with high rate of disability and increasing suicide rate, and the pathogenesis is still unclear. Many researches showed that the energy metabolism of patients with depression is impaired, which may be the direction of depression treatment. In this review, we focus on the "omics" technologies such as genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics, as well as imaging, and the progress on energy metabolism of MDD. These findings indicate that abnormal energy metabolism is one of the important mechanisms for the occurrence and development of depression. Although the research on various mechanisms of depression is still ongoing, the rapid development of new technologies and the joint use of various technologies will help to clarify the pathogenesis of depression and explore efficient diagnosis and treatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Gu
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shuang Ke
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qixue Wang
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tongxi Zhuang
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chenyi Xia
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Li Yang
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mingmei Zhou
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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12
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Gao Y, Li X, Zhao HL, Ling-Hu T, Zhou YZ, Tian JS, Qin XM. Comprehensive Analysis Strategy of Nervous-Endocrine-Immune-Related Metabolites to Evaluate Arachidonic Acid as a Novel Diagnostic Biomarker in Depression. J Proteome Res 2021; 20:2477-2486. [PMID: 33797260 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Depression is one of the most complex multifactorial diseases affected by genetic and environmental factors. The molecular mechanism underlying depression remains largely unclear. To address this issue, a novel nervous-endocrine-immune (NEI) network module was used to find the metabolites and evaluate the diagnostic ability of patients with depression. During this process, metabolites were acquired from a professional depression metabolism database. Over-representation analysis was performed using IMPaLA. Then, the metabolite-metabolite interaction (MMI) network of the NEI system was used to select key metabolites. Finally, the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was evaluated for the diagnostic ability of arachidonic acid. The results show that the numbers of the nervous system, endocrine system, and immune system pathways are 10, 19, and 12 and the numbers of metabolites are 38, 52, and 13, respectively. The selected shared metabolite-enriched pathways can be 97.56% of the NEI-related pathways. Arachidonic acid was extracted from the NEI system network by using an optimization formula and validated by in vivo experiments. It was indicated that the proposed model was good at screening arachidonic acid for the diagnosis of depression. This method provides reliable evidences and references for the diagnosis and mechanism research of other related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Gao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006 Shanxi, China.,Shanxi Key Laboratory of Active Constituents Research and Utilization of TCM, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006 Shanxi, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006 Shanxi, China.,Shanxi Key Laboratory of Active Constituents Research and Utilization of TCM, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006 Shanxi, China
| | - Hui-Liang Zhao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006 Shanxi, China.,Shanxi Key Laboratory of Active Constituents Research and Utilization of TCM, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006 Shanxi, China
| | - Ting Ling-Hu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006 Shanxi, China.,Shanxi Key Laboratory of Active Constituents Research and Utilization of TCM, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006 Shanxi, China
| | - Yu-Zhi Zhou
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006 Shanxi, China.,Shanxi Key Laboratory of Active Constituents Research and Utilization of TCM, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006 Shanxi, China
| | - Jun-Sheng Tian
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006 Shanxi, China.,Shanxi Key Laboratory of Active Constituents Research and Utilization of TCM, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006 Shanxi, China
| | - Xue-Mei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006 Shanxi, China.,Shanxi Key Laboratory of Active Constituents Research and Utilization of TCM, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006 Shanxi, China
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13
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Heinrich IA, Freitas AE, Wolin IAV, Nascimento APM, Walz R, Rodrigues ALS, Leal RB. Neuronal activity regulated pentraxin (narp) and GluA4 subunit of AMPA receptor may be targets for fluoxetine modulation. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:711-722. [PMID: 33528752 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00675-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Fluoxetine is the foremost prescribed antidepressant. Drugs acting on monoaminergic system may also regulate glutamatergic system. Indeed, the investigation of proteins associated with this system, such as Narp (neuronal activity-dependent pentraxin) and GluA4 subunit of AMPA receptor may reveal poorly explored modulations triggered by conventional antidepressants. This study aimed to uncover neurochemical mechanisms underlying the chronic fluoxetine treatment, mainly by evaluating these protein targets in the prefrontal cortex and in the hippocampus. Mice received a daily administration of fluoxetine (0.1, 1 or 10 mg/kg, p.o.) or potable water (vehicle group) for 21 days. These animals were submitted to the forced swim test (FST) to verify antidepressant-like responses and the open-field test (OFT) to assess locomotor activity. Modulation of signaling proteins was analyzed by western blot. Chronic treatment with fluoxetine (1 and 10 mg/kg) was effective, since it reduced the immobility time in the FST, without altering locomotor activity. Fluoxetine 10 mg/kg increased CREB phosphorylation and BDNF expression in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Noteworthy, in the hippocampus fluoxetine also promoted Akt activation and augmented Narp expression. In the prefrontal cortex, a significant decrease in the expression of the GluA4 subunit and Narp were observed following fluoxetine administration (10 mg/kg). The results provide evidence of novel molecular targets potentially involved in the antidepressant effects of fluoxetine, since in mature rodents Narp and GluA4 are mainly expressed in the GABAergic parvalbumin-positive (PV+) interneurons. This may bring new insights into the molecular elements involved in the mechanisms underlying the antidepressant effects of fluoxetine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella A Heinrich
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, 88040-900, SC, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Andiara E Freitas
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, 88040-900, SC, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Ingrid A V Wolin
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, 88040-900, SC, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula M Nascimento
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, 88040-900, SC, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Roger Walz
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, 88040-900, SC, Brazil
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Center of Health Sciences, University Hospital, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, 88040-900, SC, Brazil
- Center of Applied Neuroscience (CeNAp), University Hospital, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia S Rodrigues
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, 88040-900, SC, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, 88040-900, SC, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo B Leal
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, 88040-900, SC, Brazil.
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, 88040-900, SC, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, 88040-900, SC, Brazil.
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14
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PPM1F in hippocampal dentate gyrus regulates the depression-related behaviors by modulating neuronal excitability. Exp Neurol 2021; 340:113657. [PMID: 33639208 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common, serious, debilitating mental illness. Protein phosphatase Mg2+/Mn2+-dependent 1F (PPM1F), a serine/threonine phosphatase, has been reported to have multiple biological and cellular functions. However, the effects of PPM1F and its neuronal substrates on depressive behaviors remain largely unknown. Here, we showed that PPM1F is widely distributed in the hippocampus, and chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) can induce increased expression of PPM1F in the hippocampus, which was correlated with depression-associated behaviors. Overexpression of PPM1F mediated by adeno-associated virus (AAV) in the dentate gyrus (DG) produced depression-related behaviors and enhanced susceptibility to subthreshold CUS (SCUS) in both male and female mice, while, knockout of PPM1F in DG produced antidepressant phonotypes under stress conditions. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings demonstrated that overexpression of PPM1F increased the neuronal excitability of the granule cells in the DG. Consistent with neuronal hyperexcitability, overexpression of PPM1F regulated the expression of certain ion channel genes and induced decreased phosphorylation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CAMKII) and Adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in hippocampus. These results suggest that PPM1F in the DG regulates depression-related behaviors by modulating neuronal excitability, which might be an important pathological gene for depression or other mental diseases.
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15
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Xu K, Wang M, Zhou W, Pu J, Wang H, Xie P. Chronic D-ribose and D-mannose overload induce depressive/anxiety-like behavior and spatial memory impairment in mice. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:90. [PMID: 33531473 PMCID: PMC7854712 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-01126-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of different forms of monosaccharides on the brain remain unclear, though neuropsychiatric disorders undergo changes in glucose metabolism. This study assessed cell viability responses to five commonly consumed monosaccharides-D-ribose (RIB), D-glucose, D-mannose (MAN), D-xylose and L-arabinose-in cultured neuro-2a cells. Markedly decreased cell viability was observed in cells treated with RIB and MAN. We then showed that high-dose administration of RIB induced depressive- and anxiety-like behavior as well as spatial memory impairment in mice, while high-dose administration of MAN induced anxiety-like behavior and spatial memory impairment only. Moreover, significant pathological changes were observed in the hippocampus of high-dose RIB-treated mice by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Association analysis of the metabolome and transcriptome suggested that the anxiety-like behavior and spatial memory impairment induced by RIB and MAN may be attributed to the changes in four metabolites and 81 genes in the hippocampus, which is involved in amino acid metabolism and serotonin transport. In addition, combined with previous genome-wide association studies on depression, a correlation was found between the levels of Tnni3k and Tbx1 in the hippocampus and RIB induced depressive-like behavior. Finally, metabolite-gene network, qRT-PCR and western blot analysis showed that the insulin-POMC-MEK-TCF7L2 and MAPK-CREB-GRIN2A-CaMKII signaling pathways were respectively associated with RIB and MAN induced depressive/anxiety-like behavior and spatial memory impairment. Our findings clarified our understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying RIB and MAN induced depressive/anxiety-like behavior and spatial memory impairment in mice and highlighted the deleterious effects of high-dose RIB and MAN as long-term energy sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xu
- grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China ,grid.452206.7NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Institute of Neuroscience and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingyang Wang
- grid.452206.7NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Institute of Neuroscience and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- grid.452206.7NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Institute of Neuroscience and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Juncai Pu
- grid.452206.7NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Institute of Neuroscience and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- grid.452206.7NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Institute of Neuroscience and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peng Xie
- Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. .,NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. .,Institute of Neuroscience and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. .,Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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16
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Wu Z, Yu H, Tian Y, Wang Y, He Y, Lan T, Li Y, Bai M, Chen X, Chen Z, Ji P, Zhang H, Jin X, Song J, Cheng K, Xie P. Non-targeted Metabolomics Profiling of Plasma Samples From Patients With Major Depressive Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:810302. [PMID: 35264984 PMCID: PMC8899025 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.810302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder caused by multiple factors. Although there are clear guidelines for the diagnosis of MDD, the direct and objective diagnostic methods remain inadequate thus far. METHODS This study aims to discover peripheral biomarkers in patients with MDD and promote the diagnosis of MDD. Plasma samples of healthy controls (HCs, n = 52) and patients with MDD (n = 38) were collected, and then, metabolism analysis was performed using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Heatmap analysis was performed to identify the different metabolites. Meanwhile, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of these differential metabolites were generated. RESULTS Six differential metabolites were found by LC-MS/MS analysis. Three of these were increased, including L-aspartic acid (Asp), diethanolamine, and alanine. Three were decreased, including O-acetyl-L-carnitine (LAC), cystine, and fumarate. In addition, LAC, Asp, fumarate, and alanine showed large areas under the curve (AUCs) by ROC analysis. CONCLUSION The study explored differences in peripheral blood between depressed patients and HCs. These results indicated that differential metabolites with large AUCs may have the potential to be promising biomarkers for the diagnosis of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghao Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Heming Yu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Tian
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yue Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong He
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tianlan Lan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengge Bai
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,The M.O.E. Key Laboratory of Medical Diagnostics, The College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangyu Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Ji
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital, Stomatology of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital, Stomatology of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital, Stomatology of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Psychoseomadsy, Stomatological Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinlin Song
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital, Stomatology of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Ke Cheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peng Xie
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Alterations of neurotransmitters and related metabolites in the habenula from CUMS-susceptible and -resilient rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 534:422-428. [PMID: 33246560 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.11.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Although major depressive disorder (MDD) has caused severe mental harm to overwhelming amounts of patients, the pathogenesis of MDD remains to be studied. Due to the in-depth discussion of the mechanism of new antidepressants like ketamine, the habenula (Hb) was reported to be significant in the onset of MDD and the antidepressant mechanism. In the Hb of depressive-like rodents, various molecular mechanisms and neuronal electrical activities have been reported, but neurotransmitters disorder in response to stress are still unclear. Thus, we divided stress-susceptible and stress-resilient rats after exposure to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). Multiple metabolites in the Hb were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Based on this approach, we found that glutamate was significantly increased in susceptible group and resilient group, while dopamine was significant decreased in two groups. Gamma-aminobutyric acid was significantly upregulated in susceptible group but downregulated in resilient group. Our study firstly provides quantitative evidence regarding alterations of main neurotransmitters in the Hb of CUMS rats, showing the different role of neurotransmitters in stress susceptibility and stress resilience.
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18
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Gao Y, Mu J, Xu T, Linghu T, Zhao H, Tian J, Qin X. Metabolomic analysis of the hippocampus in a rat model of chronic mild unpredictable stress-induced depression based on a pathway crosstalk and network module approach. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 193:113755. [PMID: 33190083 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The molecular alterations underlying the pathogenesis of depression have not been systematically defined. Increasing evidence suggests that hippocampus metabolism is strongly involved in the pathogenesis of chronic mild unpredictable stress (CUMS)-induced depression. The principal objective of this study was to reveal important information concerning the pathogenesis of depression through a comprehensive analysis of metabolites in the hippocampus in a CUMS rat model. METHODS Metabolites related to metabolic changes in the hippocampus in the CUMS model were collected from a depression-specific database and published literature. Potential metabolite pathways were identified by the Omicsolution tool. Then, crosstalk analysis was carried out to investigate the relationship between different important pathways. In addition, MetaboAnalyst was used to analyze potential metabolites for drug-related metabolite enrichment analysis, which was used to study hippocampus metabolite-related drug pathways in a CUMS model. Then, a metabolite-protein interaction (MPI) network was constructed and analyzed to identify important metabolites and proteins. The functional modules were extracted using the CNM network decomposition algorithm. Finally, neurotransmitters in the hippocampus of rats with CUMS depression were detected to verify the important pathways. RESULTS In the current study, 53 significantly enriched pathways related to the 107 identified metabolites were selected, and the top ranked enriched pathways included arginine and proline metabolism, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, phenylalanine metabolism, bile secretion, and glutathione metabolism. Pathway crosstalk analysis showed that the significantly enriched pathways were divided into two interrelated modules, which were mainly involved in metabolism, signal transduction, neurotransmitters, and the endocrine system. Enrichment analysis of drug-related metabolic KEGG pathways identified the antibiotic pathways as the most important pathways. In the MPI network, the hub metabolites were phosphate, arachidonic acid, oxoglutaric acid, l-glutamic acid, and glutathione, and the hub proteins were Got1, Got2, Tat, Ccbl1, Ccbl2, Il4i1. A total of 16 functional modules were extracted from the MPI network by using the CNM algorithm. Finally, metabolites related to serotonergic synapses, dopaminergic synapses, and glutamatergic synapses were found to be involved in the pathology of depression. CONCLUSION We found that neurotransmitter pathways (serotonergic synapses, dopaminergic synapses and glutamatergic synapses) in the hippocampus play a crucial role in the underlying molecular mechanism of depression, which provides useful clues for identifying the detailed depression-associated metabolic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Gao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Active Constituents Research and Utilization of TCM, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Junfang Mu
- School of Computer and Information Technology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Teng Xu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Active Constituents Research and Utilization of TCM, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Ting Linghu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Active Constituents Research and Utilization of TCM, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Huiliang Zhao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Active Constituents Research and Utilization of TCM, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Junsheng Tian
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Active Constituents Research and Utilization of TCM, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China.
| | - Xuemei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Active Constituents Research and Utilization of TCM, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China.
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19
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Lee EJ. Factors Predicting 6-Month Smoking Cessation in Korean Adults. Psychiatr Q 2020; 91:703-714. [PMID: 32157547 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-020-09730-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify factors predicting 6-month smoking cessation in Korean adult smokers. This descriptive correlation study assessed levels of urine cotinine, serum cotinine, serum serotonin, and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid; tobacco withdrawal symptoms; and resilience among 164 Korean adult smokers. Serum cotinine levels were negatively related to resilience at six months (r = -.42, p = .019), but were positively related to the amount of smoking (r = .32, p = .008) and with the Week 6 tobacco withdrawal symptoms score (r = .48, p = .001, n = 41). Higher resilience was associated with a higher 5-HIAA concentration. Greater therapy attendance, resilience, and withdrawal symptoms explained 35.3% of the variance in 6-month smoking cessation (Nagelkerke R2 = .35, p < .001, n = 76). Efforts to increase counseling attendance rates and resilience and decrease withdrawal symptoms could be useful ways to improve smoking cessation rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jin Lee
- Nursing Department, Inha University, Inharo100, Michuholgu, Incheon, 22212, South Korea.
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20
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Duan J, Xie P. The potential for metabolomics in the study and treatment of major depressive disorder and related conditions. Expert Rev Proteomics 2020; 17:309-322. [DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2020.1772059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Duan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- The M.O.E. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, The College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peng Xie
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- The M.O.E. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, The College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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21
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Zhao S, Xu K, Jiang R, Li DY, Guo XX, Zhou P, Tang JF, Li LS, Zeng D, Hu L, Ran JH, Li J, Chen DL. Evodiamine inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via the Hippo-Yes-Associated Protein signaling pathway. Life Sci 2020; 251:117424. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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22
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Chen X, Lan T, Wang Y, He Y, Wu Z, Tian Y, Li Y, Bai M, Zhou W, Zhang H, Cheng K, Xie P. Entorhinal cortex-based metabolic profiling of chronic restraint stress mice model of depression. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:3042-3052. [PMID: 32074509 PMCID: PMC7041782 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite that millions of people suffer from major depressive disorder (MDD), the mechanism underlying MDD remains elusive. Recently, it has been reported that entorhinal cortex (EC) functions on the regulation of depressive-like phenotype relying on the stimulation of glutamatergic afferent from EC to hippocampus. Based on this, we used liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method to explore metabolic alterations in the EC of mice after exposed to chronic restraint stress (CRS). Molecular validation was conducted via the application of western blot and RT-qPCR. Through this study, we found significant upregulation of glutamate, ornithine aspartic acid, 5-hydroxytryptophan, L-tyrosine and norepinephrine in CRS group, accompanied with downregulation of homovanillic acid. Focusing on these altered metabolic pathways in EC, we found that gene levels of GAD1, GLUL and SNAT1 were increased. Upregulation of SERT and EAAT2 in protein expression level were also validated, while no significant changes were found in TH, AADC, MAOA, VMAT2, GAD1, GLUL and SNAT1. Our findings firstly provide evidence about the alteration of metabolites and related molecules in the EC of mice model of depression, implying the potential mechanism in MDD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402460, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing 400016, China.,Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Tianlan Lan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing 400016, China.,Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.,College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing 400016, China.,Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yong He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing 400016, China.,Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zhonghao Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing 400016, China.,Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.,College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing 400016, China.,Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing 400016, China.,Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Mengge Bai
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing 400016, China.,Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing 400016, China.,Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hanping Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing 400016, China.,Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ke Cheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing 400016, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Peng Xie
- Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402460, China.,Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing 400016, China.,Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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Huang ZH, Ni RJ, Luo PH, Zhou JN. Distribution of tyrosine-hydroxylase-immunoreactive neurons in the hypothalamus of tree shrews. J Comp Neurol 2019; 528:935-952. [PMID: 31674014 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri chinensis) is the closest living relative of primates. Yet, little is known about the anatomical distribution of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-immunoreactive (ir) structures in the hypothalamus of the tree shrew. Here, we provide the first detailed description of the distribution of TH-ir neurons in the hypothalamus of tree shrews via immunohistochemical techniques. TH-ir neurons were widely distributed throughout the hypothalamus of tree shrew. The majority of hypothalamic TH-ir neurons were found in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVN) and supraoptic nucleus (SON), as was also observed in the human hypothalamus. In contrast, rare TH-ir neurons were localized in the PVN and SON of rats. Vasopressin (AVP) colocalized with TH-ir neurons in the PVN and SON in a large number of neurons, but oxytocin and corticotropin-releasing hormone did not colocalize with TH. In addition, colocalization of TH with AVP was also observed in the other hypothalamic regions. Moreover, TH-ir neurons in the PVN and SON of tree shrews expressed other dopaminergic markers (aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase and vesicular monoamine transporter, Type 2), further supporting that TH-ir neurons in the PVN and SON were catecholaminergic. These findings provide a detailed description of TH-ir neurons in the hypothalamus of tree shrews and demonstrate species differences in the distribution of this enzyme, providing a neurobiological basis for the participation of TH-ir neurons in the regulation of various hypothalamic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Huan Huang
- Chinese Academy of Science Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong-Jun Ni
- Chinese Academy of Science Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,Psychiatric Laboratory and Mental Health Center, Huaxi Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Hao Luo
- Chinese Academy of Science Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang-Ning Zhou
- Chinese Academy of Science Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People's Republic of China
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