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Lei YR, He JY, Fu XM, Huang CF, Lin YX, Dai LL, Chen ZA, Zhang ZP, Liu FM, Qin QW, Sun HY. Epinephelus coioides Sec3 promotes Singapore grouper iridovirus infection by negatively regulates immune response. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 152:109784. [PMID: 39067495 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Exocyst, a protein complex, plays a crucial role in various cellular functions, including cell polarization, migration, invasion, cytokinesis, and autophagy. Sec3, known as Exoc1, is a key subunit of the Exocyst complex and can be involved in cell survival and apoptosis. In this study, two subtypes of Sec3 were isolated from Epinephelus coioides, an important marine fish in China. The role of E. coioides Sec3 was explored during Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) infection, an important pathogen of marine fish which could induce 90 % mortality. E. coioides Sec3 sequences showed a high similarity with that from other species, indicating the presence of a conserved Sec3 superfamily domain. E. coioides Sec3 mRNA could be detected in all examined tissues, albeit at varying expression levels. SGIV infection could upregulate E. coioides Sec3 mRNA. Upregulated Sec3 significantly promoted SGIV-induced CPE, and the expressions of viral key genes. E. coioides Sec3 could inhibit the activation of NF-κB and AP-1, as well as SGIV-induced cell apoptosis. The results illustrated that E. coioides Sec3 promotes SGIV infection by regulating the innate immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Rong Lei
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Jia-Yang He
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Xue-Mei Fu
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Cui-Fen Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Yun-Xiang Lin
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Li-Ling Dai
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Zi-An Chen
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Ze-Peng Zhang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Fu-Min Liu
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Qi-Wei Qin
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China.
| | - Hong-Yan Sun
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China.
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Peralta Cuasolo YM, Dupraz S, Unsain N, Bisbal M, Quassollo G, Galiano MR, Grassi D, Quiroga S, Sosa LJ. The GTPase Rab21 is required for neuronal development and migration in the cerebral cortex. J Neurochem 2023; 166:790-808. [PMID: 37534523 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Development of the mammalian neocortex requires proper inside-out migration of developing cortical neurons from the germinal ventricular zone toward the cortical plate. The mechanics of this migration requires precise coordination of different cellular phenomena including cytoskeleton dynamics, membrane trafficking, and cell adhesion. The small GTPases play a central role in all these events. The small GTPase Rab21 regulates migration and neurite growth in developing neurons. Moreover, regulators and effectors of Rab21 have been implicated in brain pathologies with cortical malformations, suggesting a key function for the Rab21 signaling pathway in cortical development. Mechanistically, it has been posited that Rab21 influences cell migration by controlling the trafficking of endocytic vesicles containing adhesion molecules. However, direct evidence of the participation of Rab21 or its mechanism of action in the regulation of cortical migration is still incomplete. In this study, we demonstrate that Rab21 plays a critical role in the differentiation and migration of pyramidal neurons by regulating the levels of the amyloid precursor protein on the neuronal cell surface. Rab21 loss of function increased the levels of membrane-exposed APP, resulting in impaired cortical neuronal differentiation and migration. These findings further our understanding of the processes governing the development of the cerebral cortex and shed light onto the molecular mechanisms behind cortical development disorders derived from the malfunctioning of Rab21 signaling effectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Macarena Peralta Cuasolo
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwell Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, CIQUIBIC-CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Sebastián Dupraz
- Axonal Growth and Regeneration, German Center for Neurodegenarative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nicolas Unsain
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra (INIMEC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Biología Celular y Molecular (CeBiCeM, FCEFyN-UNC), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Mariano Bisbal
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra (INIMEC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto Universitario Ciencias Biomédicas de Córdoba (IUCBC), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gonzalo Quassollo
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra (INIMEC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Mauricio R Galiano
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwell Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, CIQUIBIC-CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Diego Grassi
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwell Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, CIQUIBIC-CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Santiago Quiroga
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwell Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, CIQUIBIC-CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Lucas Javier Sosa
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwell Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, CIQUIBIC-CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
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Halim DO, Munson M, Gao FB. The exocyst complex in neurological disorders. Hum Genet 2023; 142:1263-1270. [PMID: 37085629 PMCID: PMC10449956 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-023-02558-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Exocytosis is the process by which secretory vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane to deliver materials to the cell surface or to release cargoes to the extracellular space. The exocyst-an evolutionarily conserved octameric protein complex-mediates spatiotemporal control of SNARE complex assembly for vesicle fusion and tethering the secretory vesicles to the plasma membrane. The exocyst participates in diverse cellular functions, including protein trafficking to the plasma membrane, membrane extension, cell polarity, neurite outgrowth, ciliogenesis, cytokinesis, cell migration, autophagy, host defense, and tumorigenesis. Exocyst subunits are essential for cell viability; and mutations or variants in several exocyst subunits have been implicated in human diseases, mostly neurodevelopmental disorders and ciliopathies. These conditions often share common features such as developmental delay, intellectual disability, and brain abnormalities. In this review, we summarize the mutations and variants in exocyst subunits that have been linked to disease and discuss the implications of exocyst dysfunction in other disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilara O Halim
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
| | - Mary Munson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Fen-Biao Gao
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
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Ravindran P, Püschel AW. An isoform-specific function of Cdc42 in regulating mammalian Exo70 during axon formation. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:6/3/e202201722. [PMID: 36543541 PMCID: PMC9772827 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The highly conserved GTPase Cdc42 is an essential regulator of cell polarity and promotes exocytosis through the exocyst complex in budding yeast and Drosophila In mammals, this function is performed by the closely related GTPase TC10, whereas mammalian Cdc42 does not interact with the exocyst. Axon formation is facilitated by the exocyst complex that tethers vesicles before their fusion to expand the plasma membrane. This function depends on the recruitment of the Exo70 subunit to the plasma membrane. Alternative splicing generates two Cdc42 isoforms that differ in their C-terminal 10 amino acids. Our results identify an isoform-specific function of Cdc42 in neurons. We show that the brain-specific Cdc42b isoform, in contrast to the ubiquitous isoform Cdc42u, can interact with Exo70. Inactivation of Arhgef7 or Cdc42b interferes with the exocytosis of post-Golgi vesicles in the growth cone. Cdc42b regulates exocytosis and axon formation downstream of its activator Arhgef7. Thus, the function of Cdc42 in regulating exocytosis is conserved in mammals but specific to one isoform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyadarshini Ravindran
- Institut für Integrative Zellbiologie und Physiologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas W Püschel
- Institut für Integrative Zellbiologie und Physiologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany .,Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Center, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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Swope RD, Hertzler JI, Stone MC, Kothe GO, Rolls MM. The exocyst complex is required for developmental and regenerative neurite growth in vivo. Dev Biol 2022; 492:1-13. [PMID: 36162553 PMCID: PMC10228574 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The exocyst complex is an important regulator of intracellular trafficking and tethers secretory vesicles to the plasma membrane. Understanding of its role in neuron outgrowth remains incomplete, and previous studies have come to different conclusions about its importance for axon and dendrite growth, particularly in vivo. To investigate exocyst function in vivo we used Drosophila sensory neurons as a model system. To bypass early developmental requirements in other cell types, we used neuron-specific RNAi to target seven exocyst subunits. Initial neuronal development proceeded normally in these backgrounds, however, we considered this could be due to residual exocyst function. To probe neuronal growth capacity at later times after RNAi initiation, we used laser microsurgery to remove axons or dendrites and prompt regrowth. Exocyst subunit RNAi reduced axon regeneration, although new axons could be specified. In control neurons, a vesicle trafficking marker often concentrated in the new axon, but this pattern was disrupted in Sec6 RNAi neurons. Dendrite regeneration was also severely reduced by exocyst RNAi, even though the trafficking marker did not accumulate in a strongly polarized manner during normal dendrite regeneration. The requirement for the exocyst was not limited to injury contexts as exocyst subunit RNAi eliminated dendrite regrowth after developmental pruning. We conclude that the exocyst is required for injury-induced and developmental neurite outgrowth, but that residual protein function can easily mask this requirement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel D Swope
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - J Ian Hertzler
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Michelle C Stone
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Gregory O Kothe
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Melissa M Rolls
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
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