Filler migration and extensive lesions after lip augmentation: Adverse effects of polydimethylsiloxane filler

Liquid vitamin E injection for cosmetic facial rejuvenation: A disaster report of lipogranuloma

BACKGROUND

The use of vitamin E for Facial rejuvenation is a dangerous practice and is associated with potential local, and sometimes systemic and life-threatening complications. Clinicians should be aware of complications induced by the injection of illegal products for tissue augmentation. Also, regulatory organizations should monitor illegal beauty centers and enact restrictive laws.

CASE PRESENTATION

Herein, we report a case of liquid vitamin E injection for cosmetic facial rejuvenation and development of facial persistent erythema and induration, treated with oral prednisolone, azathioprine, and minocycline. Also, we review the reported cases of vitamin E injection for cosmetic facial rejuvenation.

CONCLUSION

Lipogranuloma is one of those complications of vitamin E injection for cosmetic rejuvenation. It mostly represents inflammation, edema, erythema, and tenderness. Since there was no standard treatment for this complication, the management of these patients is challenging. Patients who have undergone cosmetic interventions in illegal institutions are more likely to develop such complications including medical and psychological problems. Clinicians should be aware of these complications for the best diagnosis and treatment.

Evaluating safety in hyaluronic acid lip injections

INTRODUCTION

Soft tissue filler augmentation has become increasingly popular due to its perceived ease and impressive results. Unfortunately, although the results are impressive, so are the reported complications. This article describes complications specific to peri-oral soft tissue filler injection and then discusses evidence-based, anatomic prevention and treatment guidelines.

AREAS COVERED

The authors aimed at providing an overview of the complications associated with peri-oral soft tissue filler. Hyaluronic Acid (H.A) fillers may have devastating complications which are oft undisclosed or published. This narrative review aims to describe the various complications and provide preventative strategies.

EXPERT OPINION

Given the paucity of prospective, randomized clinical trials on the subject and in light of complication underreporting, the authors believe that efficacy and safety literature on the subject is lacking. Injectors must rely on the one strength which exists in the lip literature to date, that is anatomy. The basis of all successful injections is a mandatory understanding of normal as well as variations of vital structures in an area, combined with meticulous injection techniques, deposition of small aliquots of product and the ability to recognize unwanted adverse events early enough to act on them.

Temperature-dependent formulation of a hydrogel based on Hyaluronic acid-polydimethylsiloxane for biomedical applications

Hyaluronic acid (HA), as a safe biomaterial with minimal immunogenicity, is being employed in a broad range of medical applications. Since unmodified HA has a high potential for biodegradation in the physiological condition, herein, an HA-based cross-linked hydrogel was formulated using polydimethylsiloxane-diglycidyl ether terminated (PDMS-DG) via epoxide-OH reaction. The formation of HA-PDMS hydrogel was confirmed using FTIR, NMR, and FESEM. Temperature demonstrated a critical role in the physicochemical properties of the final products. Gel-37, which formed at 37 °C, had a higher modification degree (MD) and more stability against hyaluronidase and oxidative stress than the hydrogel formulated at 25 °C (Gel-25). In addition, the swelling ratio, roughness, and porous network topology of Gel-25 and Gel-37 were different. The rheology measurement indicated that HA-PDMS hydrogel had a stable viscoelastic character. The hydrogel was also biocompatible, non-cytotoxic, and considerably stable during 7-months storage. Overall, various determined parameters confirmed that HA-PDMS hydrogel is worth using in different medical applications. Keywords: Hyaluronic acid; Polydimethylsiloxane-diglycidyl ether terminated; Hydrogels; Long-term stability; Viscoelastic behavior; Biocompatibility.

Delayed sclerosing granulomatous reaction to dermal filler injection of poly-hydroxyethyl-methacrylate suspended in hyaluronic acid: Histochemical and confocal laser scanning microscopical analysis

Re-absorbable dermal fillers of poly-hydroxyethyl-methacrylate suspended in hyaluronic acid are considered overall safe and well tolerable because of biocompatibility; nevertheless, rarely, late, or early adverse reactions may occur.