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Deitz RL, Thorngren CK, Seese LM, Ryan JP, Ramanan R, Sanchez PG, Murray H. Evolution of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation trigger criteria in COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2024; 167:1333-1343. [PMID: 36481061 PMCID: PMC9625843 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2022.09.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the implications of a tiered extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) criteria framework and the outcomes of patients with COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome who we were consulted on for ECMO but ultimately declined. METHODS All patients declined for ECMO support by a large regional health care system between March 2020 and July 2021 were included. Restrictive selection criteria were enacted midway through the study stratifying the cohort into 2 groups. Primary outcomes included 30-day mortality. Secondary outcomes included reasons for declining ECMO and survival stratified by phase. RESULTS One hundred ninety-three patients with COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome were declined for ECMO within the study period out of 260 ECMO consults. At the time of consult, 71.0% (n = 137) were mechanically ventilated and 38% (n = 74) were proned and chemically paralyzed. Thirty-day mortality was 66% (n = 117), which increased from 53% to 73% (P = .010) when restrictive criteria were enacted. Patients with multisystem organ failure, prolonged ventilator time, and advanced age had respectively an 11-fold (odds ratio, 10.6; 95% CI, 1.7-65.2), 4-fold (odds ratio, 3.5; 95% CI, 1.1-12.0), and 4-fold (odds ratio, 4.4; 95% CI, 1.9-10.2) increase in the odds of mortality. CONCLUSIONS Patients with COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome declined for ECMO represent a critically ill cohort. We observed an increase in the severity of disease and 30-day mortality in consults in the latter phase of our study period. These findings may reflect our use of tiered selection criteria coupled with ongoing education and communication with referring centers, sparing both patients likely to respond to medical therapy and those who were unsalvageable by ECMO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L Deitz
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa.
| | - Christina K Thorngren
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Laura M Seese
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - John P Ryan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Raj Ramanan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Pablo G Sanchez
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa; Division of Lung Transplant and Lung Failure, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Holt Murray
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa
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Makhoul M, Keizman E, Carmi U, Galante O, Ilgiyaev E, Matan M, Słomka A, Sviri S, Eden A, Soroksky A, Fink D, Sternik L, Bolotin G, Lorusso R, Kassif Y. Outcomes of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) for COVID-19 Patients: A Multi-Institutional Analysis. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11010108. [PMID: 36679953 PMCID: PMC9865577 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11010108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In March 2020, COVID-19 was announced as a global pandemic. The first COVID-19 patient was connected to an ECMO device in Israel during that time. Since then, over 200 patients have required ECMO support due to COVID-19 infection. The present study is a multi-institutional analysis of all COVID-19 patients requiring veno-venous (VV) ECMO in Israel. The aim was to characterize and compare the survivors and deceased patients as well as establish risk factors for mortality. METHODS This retrospective multi-institutional study was conducted from March 2020 to March 2021 in eleven of twelve ECMO centers operating in Israel. All COVID-19 patients on VV ECMO support were included in the cohort. The patients were analyzed based on their comorbidities, procedural data, adverse event on ECMO, and outcomes. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to compare the deceased and the surviving patients. RESULTS The study included 197 patients, of which 150 (76%) were males, and the mean age was 50.7 ± 12 years. Overall mortality was 106 (54%). Compared with the deceased subjects, survivors were significantly younger (48 ± 11 vs. 53 ± 12 years), suffered less from ischemic heart disease (IHD) (3% vs. 12%), and were ventilated for a significantly shorter period (≤4 days) prior to cannulation (77% vs. 63%). Patients in the deceased group experienced more kidney failure and sepsis. Rates of other complications were comparable between groups. CONCLUSIONS Based on this study, we conclude that early cannulation (≤4 days) of younger patients (≤55 years) may improve overall survival and that a history of IHD might indicate a reduced prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maged Makhoul
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa 3525408, Israel
- Correspondence:
| | - Eitan Keizman
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Leviev Cardiothoracic and Vascular Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel
| | - Uri Carmi
- Division of Anesthesia, Pain and Intensive Care, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel
| | - Ori Galante
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Faculty of Health Ben Gurion University, Soroka Medical Center, Beer-Sheva 8400711, Israel
| | - Eduard Ilgiyaev
- Intensive Care Unit, Shamir Medical Center, Zerifin 703301, Israel
| | - Moshe Matan
- Intensive Care Unit, The Baruch Padeh Medical Center, Poriya 1528001, Israel
| | - Artur Słomka
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ludwik Rydygier CollegiumMedicum, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Sigal Sviri
- Medical Intensive Care, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Arieh Eden
- Department of Anesthesiology Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Carmel Lady Davis Medical Center, Haifa 3436212, Israel
| | - Arie Soroksky
- Intensive Care Unit, E. Wolfson Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel
| | - Danny Fink
- Intensive Care Unit, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Leonid Sternik
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Leviev Cardiothoracic and Vascular Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel
| | - Gil Bolotin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa 3525408, Israel
| | - Roberto Lorusso
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Maastricht (CARIM), 6200 Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Yigal Kassif
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Leviev Cardiothoracic and Vascular Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel
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Ohsumi A, Takamatsu J, Yuasa I, Tanaka S, Yutaka Y, Hamaji M, Nakajima D, Yamazaki K, Nagao M, Date H. Living-Donor Lung Transplantation for Post-COVID-19 Respiratory Failure. Ann Thorac Surg 2021; 114:e21-e24. [PMID: 34748735 PMCID: PMC8570407 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This report describes a case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)–associated respiratory failure requiring urgent living-donor lobar lung transplantation (LDLLTx). Severe hypoxia requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) developed in a 57-year-old woman with positive viral status. Her respiratory function deteriorated, with almost totally collapsed lungs. All of her other organs functioned well. After 104 days of ECMO support, she underwent urgent LDLLTx using cardiopulmonary bypass. The grafts worked well, and she was weaned from cardiopulmonary bypass after reperfusion. LDLLTx is an option for selected patients with post–COVID-19 end-stage respiratory failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Ohsumi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jumpei Takamatsu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kansai Rosai Hospital, Amagasaki, Japan
| | - Itsuki Yuasa
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satona Tanaka
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yojiro Yutaka
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Hamaji
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Nakajima
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Yamazaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Miki Nagao
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Date
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan.
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Tambawala ZY, Hakim ZT, Hamza LK, Al Rayes M. Successful management of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome due to COVID-19 with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation during mid-trimester of pregnancy. BMJ Case Rep 2021; 14:14/2/e240823. [PMID: 33541967 PMCID: PMC7868128 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-240823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A 29-year-old pregnant woman presented at 26 weeks of gestation with fever and cough for 4 days. On admission, her nasopharyngeal swab confirmed COVID-19. As her respiratory distress worsened, she was shifted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Since the patient was unable to maintain saturation even on high settings of mechanical ventilation, she underwent venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) and was monitored in surgical ICU by a multidisciplinary team. The obstetrical team was on standby to perform urgent delivery if needed. Her condition improved, and she was weaned off after 5 days on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. She was observed in the antenatal ward for another week and discharged home with the mother and fetus in good condition. VV-ECMO can be considered as rescue therapy for pregnant women with refractory hypoxaemia of severe respiratory failure due to COVID-19. It can save two lives, the mother and fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Maryam Al Rayes
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dubai Hospital, Dubai, UAE
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Ahmadi ZH, Jahangirifard A, Farzanegan B, Tabarsi P, Abtahian Z, Abedini A, Sharifi M, Jadbabaei AN, Mafhumi Y, Moslem A, Sistani M, Yousefian S, Saffaei A, Dastan F. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and COVID-19: The causes of failure. J Card Surg 2020; 35:2838-2843. [PMID: 32678961 PMCID: PMC7404852 DOI: 10.1111/jocs.14867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV‐ECMO) is a therapeutic strategy for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). There are inconclusive data in this regard and causes of VV‐ECMO failure are not yet understood well. Case Series Here, seven patients with COVID‐19‐induced ARDS who underwent VV‐ECMO introduced and causes of VV‐ECMO failure discussed. Medical records of seven COVID‐19 patients treated with VV‐ECMO were retrospectively evaluated to determine the clinical outcomes of VV‐ECMO. Oxygenator failure occurred in four patients whom needed to oxygenator replacement. Successful VV‐ECMO decannulation was done in three patients, however finally one patient survived. Conclusions Hypercoagulability state and oxygenator failure were the most main etiologies for VV‐ECMO failure in our study. All patients with COVID‐19 undergoing VV‐ECMO should be monitored for such problems and highly specialized healthcare team should monitor the patients during VV‐ECMO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zargham Hossein Ahmadi
- Lung Transplantation Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Jahangirifard
- Lung Transplantation Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrooz Farzanegan
- Tracheal Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Payam Tabarsi
- Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Abtahian
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefeh Abedini
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrzad Sharifi
- Lung Transplantation Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Naser Jadbabaei
- Lung Transplantation Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yadollah Mafhumi
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Moslem
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Sistani
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Yousefian
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Saffaei
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Dastan
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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