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Gao L, Wang W, Wang X, Yang F, Xie L, Shen J, Brimble MA, Xiao Q, Yao SQ. Fluorescent probes for bioimaging of potential biomarkers in Parkinson's disease. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:1219-1250. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00115e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This review comprehensively summarizes various types of fluorescent probes for PD and their applications for detection of various PD biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqian Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen)
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Shenzhen, 518107
- P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen)
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Shenzhen, 518107
- P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Xuan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen)
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Shenzhen, 518107
- P. R. China
| | - Fen Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen)
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Shenzhen, 518107
- P. R. China
| | - Liuxing Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen)
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Shenzhen, 518107
- P. R. China
| | - Jun Shen
- Department of Radiology
- Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Margaret A. Brimble
- School of Chemical Sciences
- The University of Auckland
- Auckland 1010
- New Zealand
| | - Qicai Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen)
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Shenzhen, 518107
- P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Shao Q. Yao
- Department of Chemistry
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore
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Marek K, Seibyl J, Eberly S, Oakes D, Shoulson I, Lang AE, Hyson C, Jennings D. Longitudinal follow-up of SWEDD subjects in the PRECEPT Study. Neurology 2014; 82:1791-7. [PMID: 24759846 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000000424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the clinical and imaging characteristics of those PRECEPT (Parkinson Research Examination of CEP-1347 Trial) subjects with a scan without evidence of dopaminergic deficit (SWEDD) to those with dopamine transporter (DAT) deficit scans at study baseline and during a 22-month follow-up. METHODS Baseline (n = 799) and 22-month follow-up (n = 701) [(123)I] β-CIT SPECT scans were acquired. The percent change in [(123)I] β-CIT striatal binding ratio, the percentage of subjects requiring dopaminergic therapy, the change in Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) score, and the PRECEPT Study investigators' diagnosis at study termination were compared between SWEDD and DAT deficit subjects. RESULTS SWEDD subjects (n = 91) compared with DAT deficit subjects (n = 708) showed reduced UPDRS score at baseline (18.7 [SD 8.5] vs 25.5 [SD 10.5], p < 0.05) and minimal change in both [(123)I] β-CIT striatal binding ratio (-0.2% [SD 12.2] vs -8.5% [SD 11.9], p < 0.0001) and UPDRS score (0.5 [SD 6.9] vs 10.5 [SD 8.9], p < 0.0001) at follow-up assessments. At PRECEPT termination, the diagnosis by study investigators was changed from Parkinson disease (PD) to other disorders not associated with DAT deficit in 44% (95% confidence interval 34.2, 54.7) of SWEDD subjects compared with 3.6% (95% confidence interval 2.3, 5.1) of DAT deficit subjects. CONCLUSION These results indicate that subjects identified as having a SWEDD, with DAT imaging within the normal range, have minimal evidence of clinical or imaging PD progression. These data strongly suggest that SWEDD subjects are unlikely to have idiopathic PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Marek
- From the Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders (K.M., J.S., D.J.), University of Rochester (S.E., D.O.), Rochester, NY; Georgetown University (I.S.), Washington, DC; University of Toronto (A.E.L.); and Western University (C.H.), London, Ontario, Canada.
| | - John Seibyl
- From the Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders (K.M., J.S., D.J.), University of Rochester (S.E., D.O.), Rochester, NY; Georgetown University (I.S.), Washington, DC; University of Toronto (A.E.L.); and Western University (C.H.), London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shirley Eberly
- From the Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders (K.M., J.S., D.J.), University of Rochester (S.E., D.O.), Rochester, NY; Georgetown University (I.S.), Washington, DC; University of Toronto (A.E.L.); and Western University (C.H.), London, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Oakes
- From the Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders (K.M., J.S., D.J.), University of Rochester (S.E., D.O.), Rochester, NY; Georgetown University (I.S.), Washington, DC; University of Toronto (A.E.L.); and Western University (C.H.), London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ira Shoulson
- From the Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders (K.M., J.S., D.J.), University of Rochester (S.E., D.O.), Rochester, NY; Georgetown University (I.S.), Washington, DC; University of Toronto (A.E.L.); and Western University (C.H.), London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anthony E Lang
- From the Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders (K.M., J.S., D.J.), University of Rochester (S.E., D.O.), Rochester, NY; Georgetown University (I.S.), Washington, DC; University of Toronto (A.E.L.); and Western University (C.H.), London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chris Hyson
- From the Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders (K.M., J.S., D.J.), University of Rochester (S.E., D.O.), Rochester, NY; Georgetown University (I.S.), Washington, DC; University of Toronto (A.E.L.); and Western University (C.H.), London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Danna Jennings
- From the Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders (K.M., J.S., D.J.), University of Rochester (S.E., D.O.), Rochester, NY; Georgetown University (I.S.), Washington, DC; University of Toronto (A.E.L.); and Western University (C.H.), London, Ontario, Canada
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Narendran R, Martinez D. Cocaine abuse and sensitization of striatal dopamine transmission: a critical review of the preclinical and clinical imaging literature. Synapse 2009; 62:851-69. [PMID: 18720516 DOI: 10.1002/syn.20566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Much effort has been devoted in the preclinical addiction literature to understanding the phenomenon of sensitization, an enhanced dopaminergic response in the nucleus accumbens that occurs after repeated exposure to psychostimulant drugs. Although sensitization has been reported in preclinical studies, studies of sensitization in humans measuring behavioral and physiological responses have been mixed and inconclusive. However, imaging studies with positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) using a stimulant challenge to induce dopamine (DA) release provide a unique opportunity to probe DA transmission in cocaine dependent human subjects. In contrast to the basic science literature that predicted sensitization, three independent cohorts have shown a blunted DA response, or the opposite of sensitization, in human cocaine dependent subjects. This article reviews the methodological differences between the preclinical and clinical PET studies that have investigated DA sensitization in order to address the discrepancy between the human and animal literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Narendran
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232, USA.
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Shih MC, Hoexter MQ, Andrade LAFD, Bressan RA. Parkinson's disease and dopamine transporter neuroimaging: a critical review. SAO PAULO MED J 2006; 124:168-75. [PMID: 17119698 DOI: 10.1590/s1516-31802006000300014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2006] [Accepted: 05/30/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder that is mainly caused by dopaminergic neuron loss in the substantia nigra. Several nuclear medicine radiotracers have been developed to evaluate PD diagnoses and disease evolution in vivo in PD patients. Positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon computerized emission tomography (SPECT) radiotracers for the dopamine transporter (DAT) provide good markers for the integrity of the presynaptic dopaminergic system affected in PD. Over the last decade, radiotracers suitable for imaging the DAT have been the subject of most efforts. In this review, we provide a critical discussion on the utility of DAT imaging for Parkinson's disease diagnosis (sensitivity and specificity).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chi Shih
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Neuroimagem e Cognição, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Dr. Bacelar 334, CEP 04026-001 São Paulo, Brazil.
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Kung HF, Kung MP, Choi SR. Radiopharmaceuticals for single-photon emission computed tomography brain imaging. Semin Nucl Med 2003; 33:2-13. [PMID: 12605353 DOI: 10.1053/snuc.2003.127296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In the past 10 years, significant progress on the development of new brain-imaging agents for single-photon emission computed tomography has been made. Most of the new radiopharmaceuticals are designed to bind specific neurotransmitter receptor or transporter sites in the central nervous system. Most of the site-specific brain radiopharmaceuticals are labeled with (123)I. Results from imaging of benzodiazepine (gamma-aminobutyric acid) receptors by [(123)I]iomazenil are useful in identifying epileptic seizure foci and changes of this receptor in psychiatric disorders. Imaging of dopamine D2/D3 receptors ([(123)I]iodobenzamide and [(123)I]epidepride) and transporters [(123)I]CIT (2-beta-carboxymethoxy-3-beta(4-iodophenyl)tropane) and [(123)I]FP-beta-CIT (N-propyl-2-beta-carboxymethoxy-3-beta(4-iodophenyl)-nortropane has proven to be a simple but powerful tool for differential diagnosis of Parkinson's and other neurodegenerative diseases. A (99m)Tc-labeled agent, [(99m)Tc]TRODAT (technetium, 2-[[2-[[[3-(4-chlorophenyl)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo [3,2,1]oct-2-yl]methyl](2-mercaptoethyl)amino]ethyl]amino] ethanethiolato(3-)]oxo-[1R-(exo-exo)]-), for imaging dopamine transporters in the brain has been successfully applied in the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. Despite the fact that (123)I radiopharmaceuticals have been widely used in Japan and in Europe, clinical application of (123)I-labeled brain radiopharmaceuticals in the United States is limited because of the difficulties in supplying such agents. Development of (99m)Tc agents will likely extend the application of site-specific brain radiopharmaceuticals for routine applications in aiding the diagnosis and monitoring treatments of various neurologic and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hank F Kung
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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