1
|
Alvim GC, de C Oliveira V, dos Reis AC, Schiavon MA, Pinto MR, da Silva MV, Lepri CP, de Castro DT. Effect of silver vanadate on the antibiofilm, adhesion and biocompatibility properties of denture adhesive. Future Microbiol 2024; 19:655-665. [PMID: 38700286 PMCID: PMC11259060 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2023-0227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the biological and mechanical properties of an adhesive with nanostructured silver vanadate (AgVO3). Materials & methods: Specimens in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were treated with Ultra Corega Cream (UCCA) denture adhesive with or without AgVO3. Biofilms of Candida albicans, Candida glabrata and Streptococcus mutans were grown and the viable cells counted. Fluorescence microscopy was used. The viability of the VERO cell and adhesive strength were evaluated. Results: All concentrations of AgVO3 reduced the biofilm formation and showed no cytotoxic effect. At 5 min and 24 h, UCCA with 5 and 10% AgVO3 showed better performance, respectively. Conclusion: AgVO3 promoted the antibiofilm activity of the adhesive, with a positive effect on the adhesive strength, and was biocompatible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Graziele C Alvim
- Department of Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, University of Uberaba, Uberaba (MG), 38055-500, Brazil
| | - Viviane de C Oliveira
- Department of Dental Materials & Prosthodontics, Ribeirao Preto School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto (SP), 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Andréa C dos Reis
- Department of Dental Materials & Prosthodontics, Ribeirao Preto School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto (SP), 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Marco A Schiavon
- Department of Natural Sciences, Federal University of São Joao Del-Rei (UFSJ), São Joao Del-Rei (MG), 36307-352, Brazil
| | - Marcelo R Pinto
- Department of Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, University of Uberaba, Uberaba (MG), 38055-500, Brazil
| | - Marcos V da Silva
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Parasitology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba (MG), 38025-180, Brazil
| | - César P Lepri
- Department of Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, University of Uberaba, Uberaba (MG), 38055-500, Brazil
| | - Denise T de Castro
- Department of Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, University of Uberaba, Uberaba (MG), 38055-500, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Peralta LCF, Almeida NLM, Pontes FML, Rinaldo D, Carneiro CA, Neppelenbroek KH, Lara VS, Porto VC. Silver nanoparticles in denture adhesive: An antimicrobial approach against Candida albicans. J Dent 2023; 131:104445. [PMID: 36773742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the antimicrobial potential of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) synthesized using three different routes (ultraviolet light, Turkevich, and green chemistry method using Glycine max extract) associated with COREGA® denture powder adhesive. METHODS Heat-cured acrylic resin specimens were treated with different Ag NPs associated with the adhesive (AD + Ag UV, AD + Ag Turk, and AD + Ag Gm groups). As controls, the specimens were treated with a combination of adhesive and nystatin (AD + Nyst group), only adhesive (AD group), or submerged on the surface of the specimens (PBS group). After the treatments, biofilms of C. albicans developed for 3, 6, and 12 h on the specimen surfaces. The biofilm was quantified using colony-forming units per milliliter, colorimetric assay, and confocal laser scanning microscopy. RESULTS Regardless of the period, we observed an inhibition of fungal load and a reduction in metabolic activity and biofilm mass in the resin specimens treated with the combinations AD/Ag NPs, compared to AD and PBS. The antimicrobial action of the AD + Turk and AD + Ag Gm groups was similar than that for the AD + Nyst group in all periods and viability tests, except for the biofilm mass (12 h). CONCLUSIONS The COREGA® adhesive with Ag NPs, mainly those synthesized using the Turkevich and Glycine max methods, showed excellent antimicrobial activity against C. albicans biofilms, maintained for up to 12 h. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The association of Ag NPs to the adhesive can add preventive or therapeutic effects against denture stomatitis, to this prosthetic material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Catalí Ferreira Peralta
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, Brazil, 17012-901
| | - Nara Ligia Martins Almeida
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, Brazil, 17012-901
| | | | - Daniel Rinaldo
- Department of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, Brazil
| | - Camila Alves Carneiro
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, Brazil, 17012-901
| | - Karin Hermana Neppelenbroek
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, Brazil, 17012-901
| | - Vanessa Soares Lara
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, Brazil, 17012-901
| | - Vinicius Carvalho Porto
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, Brazil, 17012-901.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bettencourt AF, Costa J, Ribeiro IAC, Gonçalves L, Arias-Moliz MT, Dias JR, Franco M, Alves NM, Portugal J, Neves CB. Development of a chlorhexidine delivery system based on dental reline acrylic resins. Int J Pharm 2023; 631:122470. [PMID: 36516927 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The high recurrence rate of common denture stomatitis after antifungal treatment is still concerning. This condition is caused by low patient compliance and incomplete local elimination of the main etiological factor - Candida albicans, often associated with other microorganisms, such as Streptococcus species. Impregnating denture materials with antimicrobials for local delivery is a strategy that can overcome the side effects and improve the efficacy of conventional treatments (topical and/or systemic). In this work, we describe the development of three hard autopolymerizing reline acrylic resins (Kooliner, Ufi Gel Hard, and Probase Cold) loaded with different percentages of chlorhexidine (CHX). The novel formulations were characterized based on their antimicrobial activity, mechanical, morphological and surface properties, in-vitro drug release profiles, and cytotoxicity. The addition of CHX in all resins did not change their chemical and mechanical structure. Among all the tested formulations, Probase Cold loaded with 5 wt% CHX showed the most promising results in terms of antimicrobial activity and lack of serious detrimental mechanical, morphological, surface, and biological properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana F Bettencourt
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Joana Costa
- Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Isabel A C Ribeiro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Lídia Gonçalves
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Juliana R Dias
- Center for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development (CDRsp), Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, 2030-028 Marinha Grande, Portugal
| | - Margarida Franco
- Center for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development (CDRsp), Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, 2030-028 Marinha Grande, Portugal
| | - Nuno M Alves
- Center for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development (CDRsp), Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, 2030-028 Marinha Grande, Portugal
| | - Jaime Portugal
- Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cristina B Neves
- Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Costa PDS, Prado A, Bagon NP, Negri M, Svidzinski TIE. Mixed Fungal Biofilms: From Mycobiota to Devices, a New Challenge on Clinical Practice. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10091721. [PMID: 36144323 PMCID: PMC9506030 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Most current protocols for the diagnosis of fungal infections are based on culture-dependent methods that allow the evaluation of fungal morphology and the identification of the etiologic agent of mycosis. Most current protocols for the diagnosis of fungal infections are based on culture-dependent methods that enable the examination of the fungi for further identification of the etiological agent of the mycosis. The isolation of fungi from pure cultures is typically recommended, as when more than one species is identified, the second agent is considered a contaminant. Fungi mostly survive in highly organized communities that provoke changes in phenotypic profile, increase resistance to antifungals and environmental stresses, and facilitate evasion from the immune system. Mixed fungal biofilms (MFB) harbor more than one fungal species, wherein exchange can occur that potentialize the effects of these virulence factors. However, little is known about MFB and their role in infectious processes, particularly in terms of how each species may synergistically contribute to the pathogenesis. Here, we review fungi present in MFB that are commensals of the human body, forming the mycobiota, and how their participation in MFB affects the maintenance of homeostasis. In addition, we discuss how MFB are formed on both biotic and abiotic surfaces, thus being a significant reservoir of microorganisms that have already been associated in infectious processes of high morbidity and mortality.
Collapse
|
5
|
Jeon S, Jo YH, Yoon HI, Han JS. Antifungal effect, surface roughness, and cytotoxicity of three-dimensionally printed denture base with phytoncide-filled microcapsules: an in-vitro study. J Dent 2022; 120:104098. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
|
6
|
Antiadhesive Properties of Imidazolium Ionic Liquids Based on (-)-Menthol Against Candida spp. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147543. [PMID: 34299160 PMCID: PMC8304783 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections with Candida spp. are commonly found in long-time denture wearers, and when under immunosuppression can lead to stomatitis. Imidazolium ionic liquids with an alkyl or alkyloxymethyl chain and a natural (1R,2S,5R)-(-)-menthol substituent possess high antifungal and antiadhesive properties towards C. albicans, C. parapsilosis, C. glabrata and C. krusei. We tested three compounds and found they disturbed fungal plasma membranes, with no significant hemolytic properties. In the smallest hemolytic concentrations, all compounds inhibited C. albicans biofilm formation on acrylic, and partially on porcelain and alloy dentures. Biofilm eradication may result from hyphae inhibition (for alkyl derivatives) or cell wall lysis and reduction of adhesins level (for alkyloxymethyl derivative). Thus, we propose the compounds presented herein as potential anti-fungal denture cleaners or denture fixatives, especially due to their low toxicity towards mammalian erythrocytes after short-term exposure.
Collapse
|
7
|
Costa RTF, Barbirato DDS, Santiago Junior JF, Barros MCMD, Pellizzer EP, Moraes SLD. Toxicity potential of denture adhesives: A scoping review. J Prosthet Dent 2021; 128:1239-1244. [PMID: 33888328 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Denture adhesives are widely used products, but limited evidence regarding their toxicity is available. PURPOSE The purpose of this scoping review was to map the existing literature on the toxic potential of denture adhesives. MATERIAL AND METHODS This scoping review was structured based on the 5-step methodology proposed by Arksey and O'Malley and The Joanna Briggs Institute Manual for Evidence Synthesis and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. The methods were registered on the Open Science Framework (<osf.io/nqryt>). The following research question was formulated: Are there any toxic effects related to the use of denture adhesives? The electronic literature search was performed independently by 2 authors in the following databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. The inclusion criteria were in vitro and clinical studies; studies that evaluated the cytotoxic properties of denture adhesives as local or systemic implications; and studies published in English. RESULTS The search conducted in October 2020 provided 1099 articles. In total, 33 studies were included, 14 in vitro and 19 clinical studies. Commercially available denture adhesives have a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect on fibroblasts and keratinocytes, with poor cell recovery noted in older human fibroblasts. Patients presented different levels of neurologic or hematological alterations associated with the excessive use of denture adhesives. CONCLUSIONS Most commercially available denture adhesives have a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect, and the use of well-adapted removable dental prostheses, proper patient follow-ups, and correct instructions for their use when indicated should be a priority.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Davi da Silva Barbirato
- Postdoctoral fellow, Department of Oral and Maxilollofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Pernambuco (UPE), Recife, Brazil
| | - Joel Ferreira Santiago Junior
- Assistant Professor, Department of Health Sciences, Centro Universitário Sagrado Coração (Unisagrado), Bauru, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Piza Pellizzer
- Full Professor, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Sandra Lúcia Dantas Moraes
- Associate Professor, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Pernambuco (UPE), Recife, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fibrin Biopolymer Incorporated with Antimicrobial Agents: A Proposal for Coating Denture Bases. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14071618. [PMID: 33810381 PMCID: PMC8037169 DOI: 10.3390/ma14071618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The characteristics of the denture base surface, in combination with the oral environment, promote the colonization and development of Candida albicans biofilm, which is the main cause of denture stomatitis. This study evaluated the effectiveness of fibrin biopolymer with digluconate chlorhexidine or Punica granatum alcoholic extract to prevent C. albicans biofilm. Conventional heat polymerized and pre-polymerized poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) circular specimens (10 × 2 mm) were fabricated (n = 504) and randomly divided into groups: no treatment (control—CT), fibrin biopolymer coating (FB), fibrin biopolymer with P. granatum (FBPg), or digluconate of chlorhexidine (FBCh) coating. The specimens were inoculated with C. albicans SC5314 (1 × 107 cells/mL) and incubated for 24, 48, and 72 h. Crystal violet and colony-forming unit assays were used to quantify the total biofilm biomass and biofilm-living cells. A qualitative analysis was performed using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Data obtained are expressed as means and standard deviations and were statistically analyzed using a three-way analysis of variance (α = 0.05). The FBPg and FBCh groups inhibited the growth of C. albicans biofilm in both PMMA materials analyzed, with FBCh performing better in all periods evaluated (p < 0.0001). The colony forming unit (CFU) assay showed that the FB group favored the C. albicans biofilm growth at 24 h and 48 h (p < 0.0001), with no differences with CT group at 72 h (p = 0.790). All groups showed an enhancement in biofilm development up to 72 h (p < 0.0001), except the FBCh group (p = 0.100). No statistical differences were found between the PMMA base materials (p > 0.050), except in the FB group (p < 0.0001). Fibrin biopolymer, albeit a scaffold for the growth of C. albicans, when combined with chlorhexidine digluconate or P. granatum, demonstrated excellent performance as a drug delivery system, preventing and controlling the formation of denture biofilm.
Collapse
|
9
|
Therapeutic Role of Nystatin Added to Tissue Conditioners for Treating Denture-Induced Stomatitis: A Systematic Review. PROSTHESIS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/prosthesis3010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Denture-induced stomatitis (DIS) represents a pathological condition caused by ill-fitting dentures trauma, manifested as inflammation of the palatal tissue beneath the denture. The fungal infections are the principal contributory factors to DIS. Although the aetiology of DIS is multifactorial, the Candida albicans fungal infection remains the main cause. The objective of the present systematic review was to evaluate the latest literature on the addition of nystatin into the tissue conditioners (TCs) in the management of DIS. To search the published literature about “the addition of nystatin in TCs for treating DIS”, electronic databases (PubMed (National library of medicine) and Cochrane Library (Wiley)) were searched (from 1975 until December 2020) using different keywords. Various studies described the effectiveness and efficacy of incorporating nystatin into several TCs. The present systematic review reported that the addition of nystatin is beneficial, with slight or no consequences on both the mechanical and physical features of TCs. Adding nystatin to various TCs for treating DIS can be suggested.
Collapse
|
10
|
Antimicrobial Activity of Host-Derived Lipids. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9020075. [PMID: 32054068 PMCID: PMC7168235 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9020075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Host-derived lipids are increasingly recognized as antimicrobial molecules that function in innate immune activities along with antimicrobial peptides. Sphingoid bases and fatty acids found on the skin, in saliva and other body fluids, and on all mucosal surfaces, including oral mucosa, exhibit antimicrobial activity against a variety of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria, viruses, and fungi, and reduce inflammation in animal models. Multiple studies demonstrate that the antimicrobial activity of lipids is both specific and selective. There are indications that the site of action of antimicrobial fatty acids is the bacterial membrane, while the long-chain bases may inhibit cell wall synthesis as well as interacting with bacterial membranes. Research in this area, although still sporadic, has slowly increased in the last few decades; however, we still have much to learn about antimicrobial lipid mechanisms of activity and their potential use in novel drugs or topical treatments. One important potential benefit for the use of innate antimicrobial lipids (AMLs) as antimicrobial agents is the decreased likelihood side effects with treatment. Multiple studies report that endogenous AML treatments do not induce damage to cells or tissues, often decrease inflammation, and are active against biofilms. The present review summarizes the history of antimicrobial lipids from the skin surface, including both fatty acids and sphingoid bases, in multiple human body systems and summarizes their relative activity against various microorganisms. The range of antibacterial activities of lipids present at the skin surface and in saliva is presented. Some observations relevant to mechanisms of actions are discussed, but are largely still unknown. Multiple recent studies examine the therapeutic and prophylactic uses of AMLs. Although these lipids have been repeatedly demonstrated to act as innate effector molecules, they are not yet widely accepted as such. These compiled data further support fatty acid and sphingoid base inclusion as innate effector molecules.
Collapse
|
11
|
de Oliveira Junior NM, Mendoza Marin DO, Leite ARP, Pero AC, Klein MI, Compagnoni MA. Influence of the use of complete denture adhesives on microbial adhesion and biofilm formation by single- and mixed-species. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203951. [PMID: 30304005 PMCID: PMC6179197 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To verify whether the Ultra Corega Cream and Corega Strip Denture Adhesive adhesives interfere in the microbial adhesion and biofilm formation by Candida albicans and Lactobacillus casei in single- and mixed-species settings, and observe whether synergistic or antagonistic relationships between these species occur. Methods Specimens made from heat-polymerized acrylic resin (Lucitone 550) were fabricated (n = 144) with a circular shape and standardized roughness (3.0 μm ±0.3 Ra) and were divided into three groups: Without Adhesive (WA), with Ultra Corega Cream adhesive (CA) and Corega Strips adhesive (SA). These groups were divided into three subgroups each: C. albicans single-species, L. casei single-species and C. albicans with L. casei (mixed-species). Microbial adhesion and biofilm formation assays were performed in duplicate at four distinct experimental times (n = 8 per experimental condition). The amount of each microorganism on the surfaces of the specimens was observed by counting of the Colony Forming Units (CFU) per substrate. Additional specimens were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), with 18 specimens being used in this analysis (n = 18), 2 per experimental condition (n = 2). Two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test for multiple comparisons were employed, using α≤0.05. Results L. casei (mixed-species) adhered more on the WA substrate than the CA, while C. albicans (single- and mixed-species) adhered more on the SA. C. albicans, both single- and mixed-species adhered more than the L. casei (single- and mixed-species), regardless of the substrate. L. casei (single-species) formed more biofilm on the WA, but in its mixed cultivation, it had no difference of growth among the tested situations. C. albicans (single- and mixed-species) formed more biofilm on the SA than the CA, and the fungus formed more biofilm when compared to L. casei. In general, whenever a species was compared in its single- and mixed-species situation, no statistically significant difference was observed. SEM of biofilm formation assays demonstrated that L. casei single-species WA formed more biofilm than when the adhesives tested were used, and C. albicans (both single- and mixed-species) formed more biofilm on the SA than on the CA. Conclusions (1) The two denture adhesives tested increased the adhesion of C. albicans but not of L. casei; (2) biofilm formation by C. albicans (single- and mixed-species) was increased on the SA; (3) Relations of synergism or antagonism was not observed between the two microorganisms studied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norberto Martins de Oliveira Junior
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danny Omar Mendoza Marin
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andressa Rosa Perin Leite
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Pero
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marlise Inêz Klein
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marco Antonio Compagnoni
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Almeida NLM, Saldanha LL, da Silva RA, Pinke KH, da Costa EF, Porto VC, Dokkedal AL, Lara VS. Antimicrobial activity of denture adhesive associated with Equisetum giganteum- and Punica granatum-enriched fractions against Candida albicans biofilms on acrylic resin surfaces. BIOFOULING 2018; 34:62-73. [PMID: 29250982 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2017.1407408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Candida biofilms adhere to the internal surface of removable dentures, which is an etiological factor in the pathogenesis of denture stomatitis (DS). Adhesive materials are used at the base of maxillary complete dentures to improve their retention and chewing qualities. This article reports the antimicrobial activity of the enriched fractions of Equisetum giganteum and Punica granatum incorporated into a denture adhesive against C. albicans biofilm. The biofilms were induced on the surface of heat-cured acrylic resin specimens that were previously treated with a mixture of adhesive/herb extracts. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by CFU counts, XTT reduction, and SEM and CLSM analysis. Both herb extracts amplified the anti-biofilm action of the adhesive on the acrylic resin by up to 12 h. Therefore, when these extracts were combined with COREGA®, they played a collaborative and innovative role in biofilm control and can be considered alternatives for temporary use in the treatment and/or prevention of DS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nara Ligia Martins Almeida
- a Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry , University of São Paulo , Bauru , Brazil
| | - Luiz Leonardo Saldanha
- b Department of Botany, Institute of Biosciences , São Paulo State University (UNESP) , Botucatu , Brazil
- c Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences , São Paulo State University (UNESP) , Bauru , Brazil
| | - Rafaela Alves da Silva
- a Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry , University of São Paulo , Bauru , Brazil
| | - Karen Henriette Pinke
- a Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry , University of São Paulo , Bauru , Brazil
| | - Eliane Ferraz da Costa
- a Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry , University of São Paulo , Bauru , Brazil
| | - Vinicius Carvalho Porto
- d Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry , University of São Paulo , Bauru , Brazil
| | - Anne Lígia Dokkedal
- c Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences , São Paulo State University (UNESP) , Bauru , Brazil
| | - Vanessa Soares Lara
- a Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry , University of São Paulo , Bauru , Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Martin GE, Boudreau RM, Couch C, Becker KA, Edwards MJ, Caldwell CC, Gulbins E, Seitz A. Sphingosine's role in epithelial host defense: A natural antimicrobial and novel therapeutic. Biochimie 2017; 141:91-96. [PMID: 28341550 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2017.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine is a natural sphingolipid found in membranes of all eukaryotic cells. In addition to its functions in cell signaling, sphingosine has broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties. Sphingosine's role as an antimicrobial is important in tissues such as the skin and respiratory epithelium. Reduction in the normal sphingosine level is associated with problems related to infection susceptibility. Therefore, exogenous sphingosine may be an effective antimicrobial therapeutic. Inhaled nebulized sphingosine has been shown to be effective at both preventing and treating pneumonia in multiple mouse models. We now show that inhaled sphingosine has low toxicity to the respiratory system, strengthening its case as an excellent candidate for a novel inhaled antimicrobial drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grace E Martin
- Dept. of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, ML 0558, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Ryan M Boudreau
- Dept. of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, ML 0558, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Caroline Couch
- Dept. of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, ML 0558, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Katrin Anne Becker
- Dept. of Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Michael J Edwards
- Dept. of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, ML 0558, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Charles C Caldwell
- Dept. of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, ML 0558, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Dept. of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, ML 0558, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; Dept. of Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Aaron Seitz
- Dept. of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, ML 0558, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bates AM, Garaicoa JL, Fischer CL, Brogden KA. Diminished Antimicrobial Peptide and Antifungal Antibiotic Activities against Candida albicans in Denture Adhesive. Antibiotics (Basel) 2017; 6:antibiotics6010006. [PMID: 28178179 PMCID: PMC5372986 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics6010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The underlying causes of denture stomatitis may be related to the long-term use of adhesives, which may predispose individuals to oral candidiasis. In this study, we hypothesize that antimicrobial peptides and antifungal antibiotics have diminished anti-Candida activities in denture adhesive. To show this, nine antimicrobial peptides and five antifungal antibiotics with and without 1.0% denture adhesive were incubated with Candida albicans strains ATCC 64124 and HMV4C in radial diffusion assays. In gels with 1.0% adhesive, HNP-1, HBD2, HBD3, IP-10, LL37 (only one strain), histatin 5 (only one strain), lactoferricin B, and SMAP28 showed diminished activity against C. albicans. In gels with 1.0% adhesive, amphotericin B and chlorhexidine dihydrochloride were active against both strains of C. albicans. These results suggest that denture adhesive may inactivate innate immune mediators in the oral cavity increasing the risk of C. albicans infections, but inclusion of antifungal antibiotics to denture adhesive may aid in prevention or treatment of Candida infections and denture stomatitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amber M Bates
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | - Jorge L Garaicoa
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97201, USA.
| | - Carol L Fischer
- Department of Biology, Waldorf University, Forest City, IA 50436, USA.
| | - Kim A Brogden
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Garaicoa JL, Fischer CL, Bates AM, Holloway J, Avila-Ortiz G, Guthmiller JM, Johnson GK, Stanford C, Brogden KA. Promise of Combining Antifungal Agents in Denture Adhesives to Fight Candida Species Infections. J Prosthodont 2016; 27:755-762. [PMID: 27870138 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Several complications may arise in patients wearing complete prosthetic appliances, including denture-associated infections and mucosal stomatitis due to Candida species. This study evaluated the activity of anti-Candida agents in denture adhesive and the cytotoxicities of these preparations for primary human gingival epithelial (GE) keratinocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS The anti-Candida activities of antimicrobial peptides, antimicrobial lipids, and antifungal agents against C. albicans ATCC 64124 or HMV4C were assessed in microdilution assays containing water or 1% denture adhesive. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and the minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBC) were determined. The cytotoxicities of denture adhesive compounded with these agents were assessed in 1.0 × 105 primary GE keratinocytes in LGM-3 media with resazurin. RESULTS Lactoferricin B, SMAP28, sphingosine, dihydrosphingosine, and phytosphingosine in 1% denture adhesive lost antimicrobial activity for C. albicans (p < 0.05). Amphotericin B, chlorhexidine dihydrochloride, chlorhexidine gluconate, fluconazole, and nystatin in 1% denture adhesive or compounded directly into denture adhesive and then diluted to 1% adhesive, did not lose antimicrobial activity. Compounded formulations were not cytotoxic (LD50 > 100.0 μg/ml) against primary human GE keratinocytes. CONCLUSIONS Antimicrobial peptides and antimicrobial lipids had diminished activities in 1% adhesive, suggesting that components in adhesives may inactivate local innate immune factors in the oral cavity, possibly predisposing denture wearers to Candida species infections. More importantly, antifungal agents retained their anti-C. albicans activities in denture adhesive, strongly suggesting that antifungal agents could be candidates for inclusion in adhesive formulations and used as prescribed topical treatments for individuals with denture stomatitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge L Garaicoa
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Carol L Fischer
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Amber M Bates
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Julie Holloway
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Gustavo Avila-Ortiz
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Janet M Guthmiller
- College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, NE
| | - Georgia K Johnson
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Clark Stanford
- College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL
| | - Kim A Brogden
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| |
Collapse
|