Badreldeen A, El Razaky O, Erfan A, El-Bendary A, El Amrousy D. Comparative study of the efficacy of captopril, simvastatin, and L-carnitine as cardioprotective drugs in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a randomised controlled trial.
Cardiol Young 2021;
31:1315-1322. [PMID:
33536102 DOI:
10.1017/s1047951121000226]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
To assess the efficacy and safety of captopril, simvastatin, and L-carnitine as cardioprotective drugs in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus on different echocardiographic parameters, electrocardiographic parameter, lipid profile, and carotid intima-media thickness.
METHODS
This randomised controlled trial was conducted on 100 children with type 1 diabetes mellitus for more than 3 years during the period from September 2018 to June 2020. Fifty healthy children of matched age and sex served as a control group. The patients were randomly assigned into four groups (25 children each): no-treatment group who received no cardioprotective drug, simvastatin group who received simvastatin (10-20 mg/day), captopril group who received captopril (0.2 mg/kg/day), and L-carnitine group who received L-carnitine (50 mg/kg/day) for 4 months. Lipid profile, serum troponin I, carotid intima-media thickness, and echocardiographic examinations were performed on all included children before and after the treatment.
RESULTS
Total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein were significantly decreased in children who received simvastatin or L-carnitine. Triglycerides significantly decreased only in children who received simvastatin. High-density lipoprotein significantly increased in simvastatin and L-carnitine groups only. Serum troponin I decreased significantly in all the three treatment groups. Carotid intima-media thickness showed no significant change in all treatment groups. Echocardiographic parameters significantly improved in simvastatin, L-carnitine, and captopril groups.
CONCLUSION
Captopril, simvastatin, and L-carnitine have a significant beneficial effect on cardiac functions in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. However, only simvastatin and L-carnitine have a beneficial effect on the lipid profile. The drugs were safe and well tolerated.Clinical trial registration: The clinical trial was registered at www.clinicaltrial.gov (NCT03660293).
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