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Talianu MT, Dinu-Pîrvu CE, Ghica MV, Anuţa V, Prisada RM, Popa L. Development and Characterization of New Miconazole-Based Microemulsions for Buccal Delivery by Implementing a Full Factorial Design Modeling. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:271. [PMID: 38399325 PMCID: PMC10893023 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16020271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This research aimed to develop miconazole-based microemulsions using oleic acid as a natural lipophilic phase and a stabilizer mixture comprising Tween 20 and PEG 400 to solubilize miconazole as an antifungal agent known for its activity in oral candidiasis and to improve its bioavailability. The formulation and preparation process was combined with a mathematical approach using a 23-full factorial plan. Fluid and gel-like microemulsions were obtained and analyzed considering pH, conductivity, and refractive index, followed by extensive analyses focused on droplet size, zeta potential, rheological behavior, and goniometry. In vitro release tests were performed to assess their biopharmaceutical characteristics. Independent variables coded X1-Oleic acid (%, w/w), X2-Tween 20 (%, w/w), and X3-PEG 400 (%, w/w) were analyzed in relationship with three main outputs like mean droplet size, work of adhesion, and diffusion coefficient by combining statistical tools with response surface methodology. The microemulsion containing miconazole base-2%, oleic acid-5%, Tween 20-40%, PEG 400-20%, and water-33% exhibited a mean droplet size of 119.6 nm, a work of adhesion of 71.98 mN/m, a diffusion coefficient of 2.11·10-5 cm2/s, and together with remarked attributes of two gel-like systems formulated with higher oil concentrations, modeled the final optimization step of microemulsions as potential systems for buccal delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina-Theodora Talianu
- Department of Physical and Colloidal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Str., 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-T.T.); (C.-E.D.-P.); (V.A.); (R.M.P.); (L.P.)
| | - Cristina-Elena Dinu-Pîrvu
- Department of Physical and Colloidal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Str., 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-T.T.); (C.-E.D.-P.); (V.A.); (R.M.P.); (L.P.)
- Innovative Therapeutic Structures R&D Center (InnoTher), “Carol Davila’’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Str., 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Violeta Ghica
- Department of Physical and Colloidal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Str., 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-T.T.); (C.-E.D.-P.); (V.A.); (R.M.P.); (L.P.)
- Innovative Therapeutic Structures R&D Center (InnoTher), “Carol Davila’’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Str., 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Valentina Anuţa
- Department of Physical and Colloidal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Str., 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-T.T.); (C.-E.D.-P.); (V.A.); (R.M.P.); (L.P.)
- Innovative Therapeutic Structures R&D Center (InnoTher), “Carol Davila’’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Str., 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Răzvan Mihai Prisada
- Department of Physical and Colloidal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Str., 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-T.T.); (C.-E.D.-P.); (V.A.); (R.M.P.); (L.P.)
| | - Lăcrămioara Popa
- Department of Physical and Colloidal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Str., 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-T.T.); (C.-E.D.-P.); (V.A.); (R.M.P.); (L.P.)
- Innovative Therapeutic Structures R&D Center (InnoTher), “Carol Davila’’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Str., 020956 Bucharest, Romania
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Nemati A, Rezaei H, Poturcu K, Hanaee J, Jouyban A, Zhao H, Rahimpour E. Effect of temperature and propylene glycol as a cosolvent on dissolution of clotrimazole. ANNALES PHARMACEUTIQUES FRANÇAISES 2023; 81:258-266. [PMID: 36252866 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Herein, the solubility study of clotrimazole was performed in a propylene glycol+water system. The solubility values were fitted to various cosolvency equations. The model accuracies were studied with the computation of the mean relative deviations. The thermodynamic behavior was investigated according to the van't Hoff and Gibbs equations for clotrimazole in the propylene glycol+water system. Furthermore, the density data for clotrimazole were determined in mixtures of propylene glycol+water and fitted to the Jouyban-Acree equation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nemati
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - H Rezaei
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - K Poturcu
- Department of Chemistry, Arts and Science Faculty, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - J Hanaee
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - A Jouyban
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, PO BOX: 99138 Nicosia, North Cyprus, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - H Zhao
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, YangZhou University, YangZhou, 225002 Jiangsu, PR China
| | - E Rahimpour
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 5165665811 Tabriz, Iran.
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Molecular Mapping of Antifungal Mechanisms Accessing Biomaterials and New Agents to Target Oral Candidiasis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147520. [PMID: 35886869 PMCID: PMC9320712 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral candidiasis has a high rate of development, especially in immunocompromised patients. Immunosuppressive and cytotoxic therapies in hospitalized HIV and cancer patients are known to induce the poor management of adverse reactions, where local and systemic candidiasis become highly resistant to conventional antifungal therapy. The development of oral candidiasis is triggered by several mechanisms that determine oral epithelium imbalances, resulting in poor local defense and a delayed immune system response. As a result, pathogenic fungi colonies disseminate and form resistant biofilms, promoting serious challenges in initiating a proper therapeutic protocol. Hence, this study of the literature aimed to discuss possibilities and new trends through antifungal therapy for buccal drug administration. A large number of studies explored the antifungal activity of new agents or synergic components that may enhance the effect of classic drugs. It was of significant interest to find connections between smart biomaterials and their activity, to find molecular responses and mechanisms that can conquer the multidrug resistance of fungi strains, and to transpose them into a molecular map. Overall, attention is focused on the nanocolloids domain, nanoparticles, nanocomposite synthesis, and the design of polymeric platforms to satisfy sustained antifungal activity and high biocompatibility with the oral mucosa.
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Emulsion-Based Multicompartment Vaginal Drug Carriers: From Nanoemulsions to Nanoemulgels. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126455. [PMID: 34208652 PMCID: PMC8233730 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to overcome the limitations associated with vaginal administration of drugs, e.g., the short contact time of the drug form with the mucosa or continuous carrier wash-out, the development of new carriers for gynecological use is necessary. Furthermore, high individual anatomical and physiological variability resulting in unsatisfactory therapeutic efficacy of lipophilic active substances requires application of multicompartment drug delivery systems. This manuscript provides an up-to-date comprehensive review of the literature on emulsion-based vaginal dosage forms (EVDF) including macroemulsions, microemulsions, nanoemulsions, multiple emulsions and self-emulsifying drug delivery systems. The first part of the paper discusses (i) the influence of anatomical-physiological conditions on therapeutic efficacy of drug forms after local and systemic administration, (ii) characterization of EVDF components and the manufacturing techniques of these dosage forms and (iii) methods used to evaluate the physicochemical and pharmaceutical properties of emulsion-based vaginal dosage forms. The second part of the paper presents (iv) the results of biological and in vivo studies as well as (v) clinical evaluation of EVDF safety and therapeutic efficacy across different indications.
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Sousa F, Ferreira D, Reis S, Costa P. Current Insights on Antifungal Therapy: Novel Nanotechnology Approaches for Drug Delivery Systems and New Drugs from Natural Sources. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13090248. [PMID: 32942693 PMCID: PMC7558771 DOI: 10.3390/ph13090248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The high incidence of fungal infections has become a worrisome public health issue, having been aggravated by an increase in host predisposition factors. Despite all the drugs available on the market to treat these diseases, their efficiency is questionable, and their side effects cannot be neglected. Bearing that in mind, it is of upmost importance to synthetize new and innovative carriers for these medicines not only to fight emerging fungal infections but also to avert the increase in drug-resistant strains. Although it has revealed to be a difficult job, new nano-based drug delivery systems and even new cellular targets and compounds with antifungal potential are now being investigated. This article will provide a summary of the state-of-the-art strategies that have been studied in order to improve antifungal therapy and reduce adverse effects of conventional drugs. The bidirectional relationship between Mycology and Nanotechnology will be also explained. Furthermore, the article will focus on new compounds from the marine environment which have a proven antifungal potential and may act as platforms to discover drug-like characteristics, highlighting the challenges of the translation of these natural compounds into the clinical pipeline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Sousa
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira nº 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Correspondence: (F.S.); (P.C.)
| | - Domingos Ferreira
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira nº 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Salette Reis
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira nº 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Paulo Costa
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira nº 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Correspondence: (F.S.); (P.C.)
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Araujo VHS, Duarte JL, Carvalho GC, Silvestre ALP, Fonseca-Santos B, Marena GD, Ribeiro TDC, Dos Santos Ramos MA, Bauab TM, Chorilli M. Nanosystems against candidiasis: a review of studies performed over the last two decades. Crit Rev Microbiol 2020; 46:508-547. [PMID: 32795108 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2020.1803208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The crescent number of cases of candidiasis and the increase in the number of infections developed by non-albicans species and by multi-resistant strains has taken the attention of the scientific community, which has been searching for new therapeutic alternatives. Among the alternatives found the use of nanosystems for delivery of drugs already commercialized and new biomolecules have grown, in order to increase stability, solubility, optimize efficiency and reduce adverse effects. In view of the growing number of studies involving technological alternatives for the treatment of candidiasis, the present review came with the intention of gathering studies from the last two decades that used nanotechnology for the treatment of candidiasis, as well as analysing them critically and pointing out the future perspectives for their application with this purpose. Different studies were considered for the development of this review, addressing nanosystems such as metallic nanoparticles, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, nanoemulsion, microemulsion, solid lipid nanoparticle, nanostructured lipid carrier, lipidic nanocapsules and liquid crystals; and different clinical presentations of candidiasis. As a general overview, nanotechnology has proven to be an important ally for the treatment against the diversity of candidiasis found in the clinic, whether in increasing the effectiveness of commercialized drugs and reducing their adverse effects, as well as allowing exploring more effectively properties therapeutics of new biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Hugo Sousa Araujo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jonatas Lobato Duarte
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Corrêa Carvalho
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Fonseca-Santos
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Davi Marena
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tais de Cassia Ribeiro
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Matheus Aparecido Dos Santos Ramos
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Taís Maria Bauab
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
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Wannaphatchaiyong S, Heng PWS, Suksaeree J, Boonme P, Pichayakorn W. Lidocaine loaded gelatin/gelatinized tapioca starch films for buccal delivery and the irritancy evaluation using chick chorioallantoic membrane. Saudi Pharm J 2019; 27:1085-1095. [PMID: 31885468 PMCID: PMC6921193 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2019.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to confirm the feasibility of gelatin/gelatinized tapioca starch (α st) films for buccal delivery and to evaluate their irritancy. Lidocaine (LB) and lidocaine hydrochloride (LH) were used as model drugs and glycerin was used as the plasticizer. The scanning electron microscopy, atomic force electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis results confirmed the compatibility of gelatin/α st/glycerin (Gαgly) films. Drug releases of LB- or LH-Gαgly films were evaluated. The drug release profiles of medicated films presented good patterns in both short time and 8 h drug release studies. The permeation study was examined through chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) by using modified Franz diffusion cells. Moreover, the irritancy study for buccal films was also examined by a hen's egg test on CAM model (HET-CAM). The results revealed that LB and LH could permeate through CAM, and these Gαgly films created no irritation on HET-CAM. This indicates that the LB- and LH-Gαgly films are possible to use as buccal films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchipha Wannaphatchaiyong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | - Paul Wan Sia Heng
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Jirapornchai Suksaeree
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Pathum Thani 12000, Thailand
| | - Prapaporn Boonme
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | - Wiwat Pichayakorn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
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Ferreira PG, Noronha L, Teixeira R, Vieira I, Borba-Santos LP, Viçosa A, de Moraes M, Calil-Elias S, de Freitas Z, da Silva FC, Rozental S, Futuro DO, Ferreira VF. Investigation of a Microemulsion Containing Clotrimazole and Itraconazole for Transdermal Delivery for the Treatment of Sporotrichosis. J Pharm Sci 2019; 109:1026-1034. [PMID: 31604084 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a microemulsion (ME) formulation containing an association of itraconazole (ITC) and clotrimazole (CLT) as a transdermal delivery system for the treatment of sporotrichosis. Pseudoternary phase diagrams were constructed to optimize the ME formulation. The ME formulation selected contained 1% (w/w) ITC and 1% (w/w) CLT and was composed of 23.07% Tween® 60 (surfactant), 23.07% propylene glycol (cosurfactant/cosolvent), 30.77% benzyl alcohol (oil), and 21.09% water. The ITC/CLT-loaded ME (ITC/CLT-ME) had a droplet size value of 217 ± 0.9 nm, with a polydispersity index of 0.5 ± 0.1. Permeation experiments on pig ear skin were conducted for ITC/CLT-ME, and the results indicated that the drug permeation performance was influenced by CLT, indicating that CLT acts as a promoter enhancer. In the in vitro antifungal activity assay using Sporothrix brasiliensis yeast, the inhibition halo produced by ITC/CLT-ME exhibited a mean diameter of 43.67 ± 2.31 mm. The ITC/CLT-ME formulation did not cause skin irritation in mice. The results suggest that ITC/CLT-ME is a promising tool for the transdermal treatment of sporotrichosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia G Ferreira
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ 24210-141, Brazil; Universidade Federal Fluminense, Faculdade de Farmácia, 24241-000 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Letícia Noronha
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ 24210-141, Brazil; Universidade Federal Fluminense, Faculdade de Farmácia, 24241-000 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Teixeira
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Faculdade de Farmácia, 24241-000 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Italo Vieira
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Química, 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luana P Borba-Santos
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Filho, Laboratório de Biologia Celular de Fungos, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Viçosa
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Farmanguinhos, 21045-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcela de Moraes
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ 24210-141, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Calil-Elias
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Faculdade de Farmácia, 24241-000 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Zaida de Freitas
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Farmácia Universitária, 21941-170 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fernando C da Silva
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ 24210-141, Brazil
| | - Sônia Rozental
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Filho, Laboratório de Biologia Celular de Fungos, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Débora O Futuro
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Faculdade de Farmácia, 24241-000 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Vitor F Ferreira
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Faculdade de Farmácia, 24241-000 Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
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