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Maalouf M, Reddy AJ, Mazboudi P, Min M, Rawal R, Curow CA, Guirgus ME, Abdalnour DS, Brahmbhatt T, Patel R. An Analysis of Lidocaine Usage in the Treatment of Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cureus 2023; 15:e35614. [PMID: 37021063 PMCID: PMC10069794 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.35614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a form of skin cancer that can be treated using a procedure known as Mohs surgery. Mohs surgery is a safe and effective procedure for eliminating SCC. This surgery requires the usage of an analgesic known as lidocaine. Additional anesthetics were also reported to be necessary for this procedure to be conducted in a manner that significantly minimizes patient harm. According to the review, it was found that SCC was treated with lidocaine as a topical analgesic outside of Mohs surgery. This review analyzes the usage of lidocaine in the treatment of SCC. It was also discovered that lidocaine, as an agent, has the potential to slow the progression of SCC, but more research is needed to see if this is truly the case. On average, it was reported that the concentration of lidocaine used in the in vivo studies was significantly higher than that in the in vitro investigations. Further exploration may be needed to verify the conclusions that were based on the analysis of the papers within the review.
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Hummig W, Baggio DF, Lopes RV, dos Santos SMD, Ferreira LEN, Chichorro JG. Antinociceptive effect of ultra-low dose naltrexone in a pre-clinical model of postoperative orofacial pain. Brain Res 2023; 1798:148154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2022.148154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Ferreira LEN, Abdalla HB, da Costa JP, de Freitas Domingues JS, Burga-Sánchez J, Groppo FC, Volpato MC. Effects of 2-Hydroxypropil-Β-Cyclodextrin-Lidocaine on Tumor Growth and Inflammatory Response. Curr Drug Deliv 2021; 17:588-598. [PMID: 32394838 DOI: 10.2174/1567201817666200512101448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects of lidocaine have been reported in tumor cells. However, the use of these drugs is restricted due to their short action with rapid dispersion from the injected site. The complexation of local anesthetics in 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) is able to improve pharmacological features. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the antitumor effects of lidocaine and the complex HP-β-CD-lidocaine (HP-β-CD-lido). METHODS In vitro;, human adenocarcinoma (HeLa) and keratinocytes (HaCaT) were exposed to lidocaine formulations and cell viability, proliferation and apoptosis induction were measured. In vivo;, Walker 256 carcinoma cells were subcutaneously injected into the plantar region of the rat right hind paw. The animals were treated with a local application of 5% lidocaine or 5% HP-β-CD-lido. Doxorubicin (3 mg/Kg/day, intraperitoneal) was used as a positive control. Edema sizes were measured daily and the release of cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1α and CXCL-1) and prostaglandin E2 was evaluated. Histological analysis was also performed. RESULTS HaCaT IG50 values were 846 μM and 2253 μM for lido and HP-β-CD-lido, respectively. In HeLa cells, the IG50 was 1765 μM for lido and 2044 μM for HP-β-CD-lido. Lidocaine formulations significantly reduced the paw edema on day 6 after Walker 256 cells inoculation. However, there were no differences in the release of inflammatory mediators in comparison to the control group. CONCLUSION Lidocaine formulations were able to reduce the edema in vivo;, without affecting the tumor- induced inflammatory response. The antiproliferative effects of lidocaine formulations may have contributed to tumor reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jéssica Pereira da Costa
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | | | - Jonny Burga-Sánchez
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Francisco Carlos Groppo
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Volpato
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
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Mendes LG, Ferreira FV, Sielski MS, Livi S, Rocco SA, Sforça ML, Burga-Sánchez J, Vicente CP, Mei LHI. Electrospun Nanofibrous Architectures of Thrombin-Loaded Poly(ethylene oxide) for Faster in Vivo Wound Clotting. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:5240-5250. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Larissa G. Mendes
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-852, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Filipe V. Ferreira
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-852, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Micheli S. Sielski
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-862, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sebastien Livi
- Université de Lyon, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères CNRS, UMR 5223, INSA Lyon, Villeurbanne F-69621, France
| | - Silvana A. Rocco
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas 13083-100, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maurício L. Sforça
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas 13083-100, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jonny Burga-Sánchez
- Physiological Science Department, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Campinas 13414-903, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristina P. Vicente
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-862, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucia H. I. Mei
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-852, São Paulo, Brazil
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Bilayer Mucoadhesive Buccal Film for Mucosal Ulcers Treatment: Development, Characterization, and Single Study Case. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12070657. [PMID: 32664574 PMCID: PMC7408552 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12070657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of mucosal ulcers is an end result of epithelial damage, and it occurs due to some specific causes, such as trauma, aphthous stomatitis, lichen planus and lichenoid reactions, cytotoxic effects of chemotherapy and radiation, and drug-induced hypersensitivity reactions and malignant settings. This study focused on films for target drug delivery with respect to the treatment of the diseases of the oral mucosa, specifically mucositis. The results of a single clinical study as a pre-experimental design was performed and followed up to the outcome until 30 days. The polymeric film was prepared in a mucoadhesive bilayer structure: the basal layer with lidocaine HCl had a faster release than the apical layer with benzydamine HCl and N-acetyl-cysteine. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and SEM characterized the physical–chemical and morphological properties. The cell viability and cytotoxicity were evaluated in cell line MCF7. The transport mechanism of the solvent (swelling) and the drugs in the basal or apical layer (drug release) was explained with mathematical models. To evaluate the effect of movement inside the mouth, the folding endurance was determined. The mucoadhesive bilayer film is biologically safe and stimulates cellular proliferation. A single study in vivo demonstrated the therapeutic effect of the mucoadhesive bilayer film in buccal mucositis.
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Liu H, Dilger JP, Lin J. Effects of local anesthetics on cancer cells. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 212:107558. [PMID: 32343985 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Local anesthetics are widely used during clinical cancer surgeries. Studies have suggested that the use and the type of anesthesia affect cancer outcomes. In vivo studies and clinical data show that the use of local anesthetics is potentially beneficial for cancer treatment. However, the effect of the use of local anesthetics on the survival rate of cancer patients following surgery is controversial and, so far, little is known about the direct effects of local anesthetics on cancer cells. This work reviews and summarizes the published literature regarding the preclinical research methods and findings on the influence of local anesthetics on cancer cells. We hope that a thorough understanding of this subject will help to define optimal anesthetic regimens that lead to better outcomes for clinical cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengrui Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Health Science Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - James P Dilger
- Department of Anesthesiology, Health Science Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Jun Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Health Science Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
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Ren X, Qian H, Tang P, Tang Y, Liu Y, Pu H, Zhang M, Zhao L, Li H. Preparation, Characterization, and Properties of Inclusion Complexes of Balofloxacin with Cyclodextrins. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:278. [PMID: 31396732 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1425-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The study mainly aimed to improve the aqueous solubility of Balofloxacin (BLFX) by preparing the inclusion complexes (ICs) of BLFX with cyclodextrins (CDs). In this study, ICs in solid state were obtained by using beta-CD (β-CD), 2-hydroxypropyl-β-CD (HP-β-CD), 2, 6-dimethyl-β-CD (DM-β-CD) through a freeze-drying technique. The formation of ICs was confirmed through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, powder X-ray diffraction, nuclear magnetic resonance, and scanning electron microscopy. Results demonstrated that the water solubility and dissolution rates of three ICs were distinctly improved than that of parent BLFX. Bacteriostatic experiment manifested that the antibacterial effect of BLFX was not inhibited after encapsulation in CDs. The damage of BLFX to kidney and liver cells was reduced. Consequently, successful preparation of the ICs of BLFX with CDs provided possibility for devising new dosage form of BLFX, which held great promise for further applications in clinical fields.
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Comparison of antinociceptive effects of plain lidocaine versus lidocaine complexed with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin in animal models of acute and persistent orofacial pain. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 392:573-583. [PMID: 30613838 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-018-01609-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Herein, it was investigated whether a complex of lidocaine with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) would present a better antinociceptive profile in vivo when compared with plain lidocaine in models of orofacial pain. Plain lidocaine (LDC) and complexed lidocaine (LDC:HP-β-CD) were initially evaluated in vitro to determine the release rate of the two formulations. Subsequently, the effect of both formulations was evaluated in independent groups of rats submitted to the orofacial formalin test, induction of facial heat hyperalgesia by capsaicin and carrageenan, and induction of facial heat and mechanical hyperalgesia by constriction of the infraorbital nerve. LDC:HP-β-CD led to a reduction in the lidocaine release assessed in the in vitro release assay compared to plain LDC. Both formulations presented an antinociceptive effect in all models, but LDC:HP-β-CD showed a better effect in the second phase of the formalin response, in carrageenan-induced heat hyperalgesia, and in the heat hyperalgesia associated to infraorbital nerve constriction. Our results show that complexation improved in vivo antinociceptive effects of LDC, but further studies are necessary to elucidate what properties contribute to the better effect of the complexed formulation on this models and/or what characteristics of the pain model facilitate the action of the complexed formulation.
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