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Pereira MG, Gonçalves AF, Brito L. The Moderating Role of Self-Care Behaviors in Personal Care Aides of Older Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5177. [PMID: 36982086 PMCID: PMC10049579 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20065177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought new challenges and work changes for formal caregivers such as personal care aides with an impact on their quality of life (QoL). This cross-sectional study aims to analyze the relationships and contribution of sociodemographic and psychological variables towards QoL including the moderating role of self-care. This study included 127 formal caregivers from Portugal who were assessed on depression, anxiety and stress (DASS-21); professional self-care (SCAP); quality of life (SF-12); COVID-19 traumatic stress (COVID-19TSC) and preventive COVID-19 infection behaviors (PCOVID-19 IBS). Professional self-care was positively associated with QoL and also moderated the relationship between distress and QoL (p < 0.001). According to results, nursing homes should provide formal caregivers, such as personal care aides, with the professional support they need in order to promote their QoL and prevent burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Graça Pereira
- Psychology Research Centre, School of Psychology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | | | - Laura Brito
- School of Psychology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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Gonçalves JRL, Jorge AP, Zanetti GC, Amaro EDA, Tótoli RT, Lucchetti G. Religiousness is associated with lower levels of anxiety, but not depression, in medical and nursing students. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2018; 64:537-542. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.64.06.537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the association between religious and spiritual beliefs, anxiety and depression in medical and nursing students. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out with medical and nursing students from a Brazilian university. Students were randomly selected and filled out a questionnaire that contained sociodemographic, religious (Duke Religion Index), spirituality (Self-spirituality rating scale) and mental health - depression and anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) data. Linear regression models were used to evaluate the association of R/E with mental health, with adjustments for sociodemographic variables. RESULTS: A total of 187 students (90.7%) were included in the study, 56.1% female, an average of 23 years old, and 69% were enrolled in the medical program. Of the students, 29.4% attended religious services once a week or more often, 10.7% had private religious activities once a day or more often, and the indexes of intrinsic religiosity and spirituality were moderate. In the linear regression, adjusted for sociodemographic variables, the religious attendance was the only factor associated with lower levels of anxiety (Beta: −0.178, p=0.026). The other dimensions of religiousness or spirituality were not associated with levels of anxiety and depression. CONCLUSIONS: The present study showed that only the religious attendance was associated with the mental health of the medical and nursing students. These results demonstrate that some students use religious support in an attempt to minimize the negative effects of their university life. This support seems to be more effective when it involves participation in religious social activities in relation to private activities.
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Sakellari E, Psychogiou M, Georgiou A, Papanidi M, Vlachou V, Sapountzi-Krepia D. Exploring Religiosity, Self-Esteem, Stress, and Depression Among Students of a Cypriot University. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2018; 57:136-145. [PMID: 28484933 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-017-0410-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between Religiosity, Self-esteem, Stress, and Depression among nursing students, social work students, and early-education students of a Cypriot University. The data were collected using four questionnaires. The results indicate a significant positive association between Depression and Stress. Greater levels of Self-esteem were found to be associated with lower depression levels in correlation analysis, while strength of Religious and Spiritual Beliefs was correlated negatively with depression. The results of the current study highlight the need for early intervention in order to promote students mental well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evanthia Sakellari
- Department of Public Health and Community Health, Technological Educational Institute of Athens, Athens, Greece.
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
| | - Maria Psychogiou
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anna Georgiou
- Nursing Department, Frederick University, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | - Vasso Vlachou
- Nursing Department, Frederick University, Nicosia, Cyprus
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Abstract
Spirituality has been identified as an important dimension of quality-of-life. The objective of this study was to review the literature on quality-of-life and spirituality, their association, and assessment tools. A search was conducted of the keyterms 'quality-of-life' and 'spirituality' in abstract or title in the databases PsycINFO and PubMed/Medline between 1979-2005, complemented by a new search at PUBMED from 2006-2016. Quality-of-life is a new concept, which encompasses and transcends the concept of health, being composed of multiple domains: physical, psychological, environmental, among others. The missing measure in health has been defined as the individual's perception of their position in life in the context of culture and value system in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards, and concerns. There is consistent evidence of an association between quality-of-life and religiosity/spirituality (R/S), through studies with reasonable methodological rigour, using several variables to assess R/S (e.g. religious affiliation, religious coping, and prayer/spirituality). There are also several valid and reliable instruments to evaluate quality-of-life and spirituality. Further studies are needed, however, especially in Brazil. Such studies will provide empirical data to be used in planning health interventions based on spirituality, seeking a better quality-of-life. In the last 10 years, research is consistently growing about quality-of-life and spirituality in many countries, and also in many areas of health research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Gehrke Panzini
- a Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre-RS , Brazil
| | - Bruno Paz Mosqueiro
- a Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre-RS , Brazil
| | - Rogério R Zimpel
- a Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre-RS , Brazil
| | - Denise Ruschel Bandeira
- b Department of Psychology , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre-RS , Brazil
| | - Neusa S Rocha
- a Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre-RS , Brazil
| | - Marcelo P Fleck
- a Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre-RS , Brazil
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Vitorino LM, Lucchetti G, Santos AEO, Lucchetti ALG, Ferreira EB, Adami NP, Vianna LAC. Spiritual Religious Coping is Associated with Quality of Life in Institutionalized Older Adults. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2016; 55:549-559. [PMID: 26649565 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-015-0148-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between spiritual/religious coping (SRCOPE) strategies and quality of life (QoL) in institutionalized older adults. This is a cross-sectional, correlational study, with a sample of 77 older adults in Brazil. The present study found long-term care patients use religious and spiritual coping strategies to deal with their chronic health conditions. Positive SRCOPE and Total SRCOPE have positive correlations with most QoL domains from the WHOQOL-OLD and WHOQOL-BREF. On the other hand, Negative SRCOPE strategies correlated negatively with the facets of "death and dying" from the WHOQOL-OLD. These results suggest the need for an integrative approach for long-term care patients, considering the positive and negative aspects of coping.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Eric Batista Ferreira
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas - UNIFAL, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Nilce Piva Adami
- Paulista School of Nursing, Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
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Dong X, Zhang M. Religiosity among U.S Chinese Older Adults in Greater Chicago Area-Findings from the PINE Study. JOURNAL OF RELIGION, SPIRITUALITY & AGING 2015; 27:323-342. [PMID: 27087800 PMCID: PMC4827333 DOI: 10.1080/15528030.2015.1065540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Religiosity influences health and well-being. We assessed religiosity among U.S. Chinese older adults. METHODS Data were drawn from the PINE study based on 3,159 community-dwelling U.S. Chinese older adults aged 60+ in the greater Chicago area. Two items retrieved from Duke University Religion Index (DUREL) were used to assess the frequency of participating in religious activities, and a separate item was used to assess the importance of religion. RESULTS Overall, 35.4% of participants perceived religion to be important. This study correlated the higher frequency of participation in religious observances with older age groups of the sample, being female, having a higher income, being unmarried, longer duration of residency in the U.S., and not having been born in Mainland China. Higher frequency of participating in organized religious services was correlated with better quality of life. CONCLUSIONS Religion is important among U.S Chinese older adults. Future longitudinal research is needed to explore aging and religiosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- XinQi Dong
- Chinese Health, Aging and Policy Program, Rush Institute for Healthy Aging, Rush University Medical Center
| | - Manrui Zhang
- Chinese Health, Aging and Policy Program, Rush Institute for Healthy Aging, Rush University Medical Center
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Koh MYH, Chong PH, Neo PSH, Ong YJ, Yong WC, Ong WY, Shen MLJ, Hum AYM. Burnout, psychological morbidity and use of coping mechanisms among palliative care practitioners: A multi-centre cross-sectional study. Palliat Med 2015; 29:633-42. [PMID: 25829444 DOI: 10.1177/0269216315575850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of burnout, psychological morbidity and the use of coping mechanisms among palliative care practitioners in Singapore have not been studied. AIM We aimed to study the prevalence of burnout and psychological morbidity among palliative care practitioners in Singapore and its associations with demographic and workplace factors as well as the use of coping mechanisms. DESIGN This was a multi-centre, cross-sectional study of all the palliative care providers within the public healthcare sector in Singapore. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS The study was conducted in hospital palliative care services, home hospice and inpatient hospices in Singapore. The participants were doctors, nurses and social workers. RESULTS The prevalence of burnout among respondents in our study was 91 of 273 (33.3%) and psychological morbidity was 77 (28.2%). Working >60 h per week was significantly associated with burnout (odds ratio: 9.02, 95% confidence interval: 2.3-35.8, p = 0.002) and psychological morbidity (odds ratio: 7.21, 95% confidence interval: 1.8-28.8, p = 0.005). Home hospice care practitioners (41.5%) were more at risk of developing psychological morbidity compared to hospital-based palliative care (17.5%) or hospice inpatient care (26.0%) (p = 0.007). Coping mechanisms like physical well-being, clinical variety, setting boundaries, transcendental (meditation and quiet reflection), passion for one's work, realistic expectations, remembering patients and organisational activities were associated with less burnout. CONCLUSION Our results reveal that burnout and psychological morbidity are significant in the palliative care community and demonstrate a need to look at managing long working hours and promoting the use of coping mechanisms to reduce burnout and psychological morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Woon Chai Yong
- National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Mira Li Juan Shen
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Allyn Yin Mei Hum
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
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de Oliveira GR, Neto JF, de Camargo SM, Lucchetti ALG, Espinha DCM, Lucchetti G. Caregiving across the lifespan: comparing caregiver burden, mental health, and quality of life. Psychogeriatrics 2015; 15:123-132. [PMID: 25521215 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Care can be considered a lifelong process, but caring for a child is different from caring for an older adult. The present study aims to compare the caregiving process from infancy through old age by evaluating differences in caregiver burden, mental health, and quality of life and to describe the factors that could impact these outcomes. METHODS To compare different groups of caregivers, we included 300 caregivers recruited from admissions to a tertiary acute hospital: 100 caregivers of children, 100 caregivers of adults, and 100 caregivers of older adults. A self-administered questionnaire was used that covered the following: sociodemographics, depression (Beck Depression Inventory), anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory), quality of life (Short Form Health Survey (SF-36)), religiosity (Duke Religion Index) and caregiver burden (Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview). RESULTS A comparison between groups was performed (through χ2 and anova), and a linear regression analysis was used to assess the related factors. We found that children's caregivers had more depressive symptoms (higher Beck Depression Inventory scores), better physical health (SF-36: physical functioning and SF-36: Physical Component Summary), and lower pain (SF-36: bodily pain) than other caregivers. We found that caregivers of adults had better mental health (SF-36: mental health and SF-36: Mental Component Summary) than other caregivers and that caregivers of older adult had a higher caregiver burden (Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview scores) than other caregivers. After we controlled for baseline characteristics, only depressive symptoms and caregiver burden remained statistically significant. CONCLUSION In conclusion, there are important differences between caregiving across the lifespan. Caregiving for children was associated with more depressive symptoms, and caregiving for older adults was associated with higher caregiver burden. Further studies are needed to replicate these findings in other settings.
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Association of Sociodemographic Factors with Hope for Cure, Religiosity, and Spirituality in Patients with Venous Ulcers. Adv Skin Wound Care 2015; 28:76-82. [DOI: 10.1097/01.asw.0000459844.07689.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Paiva BSR, Carvalho AL, Lucchetti G, Barroso EM, Paiva CE. "Oh, yeah, I'm getting closer to god": spirituality and religiousness of family caregivers of cancer patients undergoing palliative care. Support Care Cancer 2015; 23:2383-9. [PMID: 25591628 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-015-2604-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Within the cancer palliative care setting, where both patients and family caregivers (FCs) undergo a transition from the end of curative treatment to palliative therapy, spirituality and religiousness (S/R) may be a strategy to help the patients and FCs better cope with the disease, in addition to exerting a positive impact on symptoms, particularly emotional symptoms. The present study aimed to understand how S/R influence FCs of cancer patients undergoing palliative care. METHODS This study was an exploratory and descriptive qualitative study. The qualitative approach to the data was based on Bardin's content analysis technique. The consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ-32) was used in the description of the results. Thirty FCs of individuals with advanced cancer undergoing palliative care were included. RESULTS Analysis of the FCs' narratives indicated that the FCs considered that religiousness and faith in God or a Supreme Being provide them with the strength to cope with the suffering associated with the care of relatives with advanced cancer. Many FCs emphasized that talking about God was somehow comforting and made them feel at peace with themselves. Four categories were identified in the FCs' narratives: (1) increase in faith and closeness to God becomes stronger, (2) rethink life issues, (3) negative interference in the extrinsic religiosity, and (4) quest for religiousness to gain strength or support. A conceptual framework was developed. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study indicated that S/R are a coping strategy frequently used by FCs of individuals with advanced cancer. The perceptions of the FCs interviewed in the present study corresponded to the four distinct categories related to spirituality and religiousness.
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Morley JE, Sanford AM. The God Card: Spirituality in the Nursing Home. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2014; 15:533-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2014.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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