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Dutta S, Kothari S, Singh D, Ghosh S, Narayan Sarangi A, Sanjita Behera S, Prajapati S, Kumar Sinha P, Prusty A, Tripathy S. Novel oceanic cyanobacterium isolated from Bangaram island with profound acid neutralizing ability is proposed as Leptolyngbya iicbica sp. nov. strain LK. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2024; 197:108092. [PMID: 38723790 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2024.108092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
An acid-neutralizing, filamentous, non-heterocytous, marine cyanobacterium named 'LK' has been isolated from the seashore of Bangaram Island, an atoll of Lakshadweep, India, and is described here as a novel species. LK has been characterized using morphological, ecological, and genomic features. Based on 16S rRNA, whole-genome sequencing, and marker gene-based analysis, LK has been identified as a new species. LK clustered with Leptolyngbya-like strains belonging to the LPP group but diverged from Leptolyngbya sensu stricto, indicating the polyphyletic nature of the Leptolyngbya genus. Leptolyngbya sp. SIOISBB and Halomicronema sp. CCY15110 were identified as LK's two closest phylogenetic neighbors in various phylogenetic studies. The analysis of 16S rRNA, ITS secondary structures, and genome relatedness indices such as AAI, ANI, and gANI strongly support LK as a novel species of the Leptolyngbya genus. The mechanism behind acid neutralization in LK has been delineated, attributing it to a surface phenomenon most likely due to the presence of salts of calcium, magnesium, sodium, and potassium. We name LK as Leptolyngbya iicbica strain LK which is a novel species with prominent acidic pH-neutralizing properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhajeet Dutta
- Computational Genomics Lab, Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Shreya Kothari
- Computational Genomics Lab, Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Deeksha Singh
- Computational Genomics Lab, Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Samrat Ghosh
- Computational Genomics Lab, Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Aditya Narayan Sarangi
- Computational Genomics Lab, Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Smruti Sanjita Behera
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; Molecular Genetics Division, CSIR Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Satish Prajapati
- Advanced Materials and Chemical Characterisation Division (AMCCD), CSIR-Central Glass & Ceramic Research Institute (CGCRI), Kolkata 700 032, West Bengal, India
| | - Prasanta Kumar Sinha
- Advanced Materials and Chemical Characterisation Division (AMCCD), CSIR-Central Glass & Ceramic Research Institute (CGCRI), Kolkata 700 032, West Bengal, India
| | - Asharani Prusty
- Computational Genomics Lab, Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sucheta Tripathy
- Computational Genomics Lab, Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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2
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Avalon N, Reis MA, Thornburg CC, Williamson RT, Petras D, Aron AT, Neuhaus GF, Al-Hindy M, Mitrevska J, Ferreira L, Morais J, El Abiead Y, Glukhov E, Alexander KL, Vulpanovici FA, Bertin MJ, Whitner S, Choi H, Spengler G, Blinov K, Almohammadi AM, Shaala LA, Kew WR, Paša-Tolić L, Youssef DTA, Dorrestein PC, Vasconcelos V, Gerwick L, McPhail KL, Gerwick WH. Leptochelins A-C, Cytotoxic Metallophores Produced by Geographically Dispersed Leptothoe Strains of Marine Cyanobacteria. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:18626-18638. [PMID: 38918178 PMCID: PMC11240249 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c05399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Metals are important cofactors in the metabolic processes of cyanobacteria, including photosynthesis, cellular respiration, DNA replication, and the biosynthesis of primary and secondary metabolites. In adaptation to the marine environment, cyanobacteria use metallophores to acquire trace metals when necessary as well as to reduce potential toxicity from excessive metal concentrations. Leptochelins A-C were identified as structurally novel metallophores from three geographically dispersed cyanobacteria of the genus Leptothoe. Determination of the complex structures of these metabolites presented numerous challenges, but they were ultimately solved using integrated data from NMR, mass spectrometry and deductions from the biosynthetic gene cluster. The leptochelins are comprised of halogenated linear NRPS-PKS hybrid products with multiple heterocycles that have potential for hexadentate and tetradentate coordination with metal ions. The genomes of the three leptochelin producers were sequenced, and retrobiosynthetic analysis revealed one candidate biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) consistent with the structure of leptochelin. The putative BGC is highly homologous in all three Leptothoe strains, and all possess genetic signatures associated with metallophores. Postcolumn infusion of metals using an LC-MS metabolomics workflow performed with leptochelins A and B revealed promiscuous binding of iron, copper, cobalt, and zinc, with greatest preference for copper. Iron depletion and copper toxicity experiments support the hypothesis that leptochelin metallophores may play key ecological roles in iron acquisition and in copper detoxification. In addition, the leptochelins possess significant cytotoxicity against several cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole
E. Avalon
- Center
for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Mariana A. Reis
- CIIMAR/CIMAR,
Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos 4450-208, Portugal
| | | | - R. Thomas Williamson
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403, United States
| | - Daniel Petras
- Skaggs
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of California
Riverside, Riverside, California 92507, United States
- CMFI Cluster
of Excellence, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen 72706, Germany
| | - Allegra T. Aron
- Skaggs
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of Denver, Denver, Colorado 80210, United States
| | - George F. Neuhaus
- College
of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Momen Al-Hindy
- Center
for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Jana Mitrevska
- Center
for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Leonor Ferreira
- CIIMAR/CIMAR,
Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos 4450-208, Portugal
| | - João Morais
- CIIMAR/CIMAR,
Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos 4450-208, Portugal
| | - Yasin El Abiead
- Skaggs
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Evgenia Glukhov
- Center
for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Kelsey L. Alexander
- Center
for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | | | - Matthew J. Bertin
- Center
for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Syrena Whitner
- Center
for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Hyukjae Choi
- College
of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeong-buk 38541, South Korea
| | - Gabriella Spengler
- Department
of Medical Microbiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Center
and Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged 6725, Hungary
| | - Kirill Blinov
- Molecule
Apps, LLC, Corvallis, Oregon 97330, United States
| | - Ameen M. Almohammadi
- Department
of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Kingdom
of Saudi Arabia
| | - Lamiaa A. Shaala
- Suez Canal
University Hospital, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - William R. Kew
- Environmental
Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest
National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Ljiljana Paša-Tolić
- Environmental
Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest
National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Diaa T. A. Youssef
- Department
of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Kingdom
of Saudi Arabia
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez
Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Pieter C. Dorrestein
- Skaggs
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- CIIMAR/CIMAR,
Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos 4450-208, Portugal
| | - Lena Gerwick
- Center
for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Kerry L. McPhail
- College
of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - William H. Gerwick
- Center
for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Skaggs
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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3
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Cai F, Li S, Chen J, Li R. Gansulinema gen. nov. and Komarkovaeasiopsis gen. nov.: Novel Oculatellacean genera (Cyanobacteria) isolated from desert soils and hot spring. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2024; 60:432-446. [PMID: 38197868 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
To increase the understanding of simple thin filamentous cyanobacteria in harsh environmental areas, we previously isolated and identified four strains (XN101, XN102, GS121, NX122) from desert soils and hot spring in China. As a result, two new Oculatellacean genera of these four strains, Gansulinema gen. nov. and Komarkovaeasiopsis gen. nov., are described based on a polyphasic approach. The ultrastructure of these strains showed a similar arrangement of peripheral thylakoids with three to four parallel layers, indicating that they belonged to the orders Nodosilineales, Oculatellales, or Leptolyngbyales. In the 16S rRNA gene phylogeny, two sequences of the Gansulinema strains and the two sequences of the Komarkovaeasiopsis strains formed two independent and robust clusters, within the order Oculatellales. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains of Komarkovaeasiopsis and Gansulinema showed low identity to each other (≤93.2%) and to other sequences of the Oculatellacean genera (≤94.5% and ≤93.3%, respectively). Furthermore, the 16S-23S internal transcribed spacer rRNA region secondary structures of strains of Komarkovaeasiopsis and Gansulinema were not consistent with all existing descriptions of Oculatellacean taxa. These data suggest that cyanobacterial communities are rich sources of new taxa in under-exploited areas, such as desert soils and hot spring in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Cai
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuheng Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaxin Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Renhui Li
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
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4
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Strunecký O, Ivanova AP, Mareš J. An updated classification of cyanobacterial orders and families based on phylogenomic and polyphasic analysis. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2023; 59:12-51. [PMID: 36443823 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial taxonomy is facing a period of rapid changes thanks to the ease of 16S rRNA gene sequencing and established workflows for description of new taxa. Since the last comprehensive review of the cyanobacterial system in 2014 until 2021, at least 273 species in 140 genera were newly described. These taxa were mainly placed into previously defined orders and families although several new families were proposed. However, the classification of most taxa still relied on hierarchical relationships inherited from the classical morphological taxonomy. Similarly, the obviously polyphyletic orders such as Synechococcales and Oscillatoriales were left unchanged. In this study, the rising number of genomic sequences of cyanobacteria and well-described reference strains allowed us to reconstruct a robust phylogenomic tree for taxonomic purposes. A less robust but better sampled 16S rRNA gene phylogeny was mapped to the phylogenomic backbone. Based on both these phylogenies, a polyphasic classification throughout the whole phylum of Cyanobacteria was created, with ten new orders and fifteen new families. The proposed system of cyanobacterial orders and families relied on a phylogenomic tree but still employed phenotypic apomorphies where possible to make it useful for professionals in the field. It was, however, confirmed that morphological convergence of phylogenetically distant taxa was a frequent phenomenon in cyanobacteria. Moreover, the limited phylogenetic informativeness of the 16S rRNA gene, resulting in ambiguous phylogenies above the genus level, emphasized the integration of genomic data as a prerequisite for the conclusive taxonomic placement of a vast number of cyanobacterial genera in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otakar Strunecký
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, CENAKVA, Institute of Aquaculture and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Na Sádkách 1780, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Pavlovna Ivanova
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, CENAKVA, Institute of Aquaculture and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Na Sádkách 1780, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Mareš
- Biology Centre of the CAS, Institute of Hydrobiology, Na Sádkách 702/7, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, Department of Botany, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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5
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Three New Plectolyngbya Species (Leptolyngbyaceae, Cyanobacteria) Isolated from Rocks and Saltern of the Republic of Korea. DIVERSITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/d14121013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Thin filamentous cyanobacteria isolated from three collection sites in the Republic of Korea were suggested as three new species belonging to the genus Plectolyngbya, mainly according to their molecular characteristics. The species of Plectolyngbya, including the type species of P. hodgsonii, were cryptic species that were difficult to distinguish morphologically from each other, and had appeared in ecologically diverse habitats. P. terrestris and P. koreana were subaerophytes collected from certain black spots and soils between stone walls in Seoul, Republic of Korea. In addition, hypersaline species collected from a saltern, P. salina, shared the same halophytic feature as the P. hodgsonii from the littoral zone of a coastal lake in the Antarctic. The 16S rRNA gene phylogeny supported the monophyly of Plectolyngbya with solid support, 99% Maximum Likelihood, 98% Neighbor-Joining bootstrap support values, and 1.0 Bayesian posterior probability. The ITS sequences of P. terrestris, P. koreana, and P. salina were unique in length and nucleotide composition, with different secondary structures of D1–D1ʹ and Box-B helices, compared with those of P. hodgsonii. These results demonstrate that the proposed new Plectolyngbya species were unique in their molecular traits. Therefore, we suggest them as new species belonging to the genus Plectolyngbya with the names P. terrestris sp. nov., P. koreana sp. nov., and P. salina sp. nov.
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6
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Hentschke GS, Ramos V, Pinheiro Â, Barreiro A, Costa MS, Rego A, Brule S, Vasconcelos VM, Leão PN. Zarconia navalis gen. nov., sp. nov., Romeriopsis navalis gen. nov., sp. nov. and Romeriopsis marina sp. nov., isolated from inter- and subtidal environments from northern Portugal. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The morphology, 16S rRNA gene phylogeny and 16S–23S rRNA gene ITS secondary structures of three strains of marine Cyanobacteria, isolated from inter- and subtidal environments from north Portugal were studied, resulting in the description of Zarconia navalis gen. nov., sp. nov. (Oscillatoriales incertae sedis), Romeriopsis navalis gen. nov., sp. nov. (Leptolyngbyaceae) and Romeriopsis marina sp. nov., named under the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants. No diacritical morphological characters were found for the new genera and species. The 16S rRNA gene maximum-likelihood and Bayesian phylogenies supported that the genus Zarconia is a member of the Oscillatoriales, morphologically similar to the genera
Microcoleus
and Phormidium, but distant from them. The genus Romeriopsis is positioned within the Leptolyngbyaceae (Synechococcales) and is closely related to
Alkalinema
. The secondary structures of the D1-D1′, Box B, V2 and V3 helices corroborate the phylogenetic results. Furthermore, our study supports previous observations of polyphyletic Oscillatoriales families and reinforces the need for their taxonomic revision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme S. Hentschke
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Av. General Norton de Matos, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Vitor Ramos
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Av. General Norton de Matos, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Ângela Pinheiro
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Av. General Norton de Matos, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Aldo Barreiro
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Av. General Norton de Matos, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - M. Sofia Costa
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Av. General Norton de Matos, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Adriana Rego
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Av. General Norton de Matos, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Sébastien Brule
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Av. General Norton de Matos, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Vitor M. Vasconcelos
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Av. General Norton de Matos, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Pedro N. Leão
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Av. General Norton de Matos, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
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Jasser I, Panou M, Khomutovska N, Sandzewicz M, Panteris E, Niyatbekov T, Łach Ł, Kwiatowski J, Kokociński M, Gkelis S. Cyanobacteria in hot pursuit: Characterization of cyanobacteria strains, including novel taxa, isolated from geothermal habitats from different ecoregions of the world. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2022; 170:107454. [PMID: 35341965 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Well-studied thermal spring microbial mat systems continue to serve as excellent models from which to make discoveries of general importance to microbial community ecology in order to address comprehensively the question of "who is there" in a microbial community. Cyanobacteria are highly adaptable and an integral part of many ecosystems including thermal springs. In this context, we sampled disparate thermal springs, spanning from Iceland and Poland to Greece and Tajikistan. Thirteen (13) strains were isolated and characterised with taxonomic indices and molecular markers (16S-23S rRNA region and cpcBA gene), whilst their thermotolerance was evaluated. Screening for the presence of genes encoding three heat shock proteins, as well as non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) and polyketide synthases (PKSs) was performed. This approach resulted in the description of two new genera (Hillbrichtia and Amphirytos) and their type species (Hillbrichtia pamiria and Amphirytos necridicus) representing Oscillatoriales and Synechococcales orders, respectively. We also found unique lineages inside the genus Thermoleptolyngbya, describing a novel species (T. hindakiae). We described the presence of sub-cosmopolitan taxa (such as Calothrix, Desertifilum, and Trichormus). Strains were diverse concerning their thermophilic ability with the strains well adapted to high temperatures possessing all three investigated genes encoding heat shock proteins as well as studied PKS and NRPS genes. In this work, we show novel cyanobacteria diversity from thermal springs from disparate environments, possible correlation of thermotolerance and their genetic background, which may have implications on strategic focusing of screening programs on underexploited taxa in these habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Jasser
- Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Manthos Panou
- Department of Botany, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nataliia Khomutovska
- Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Sandzewicz
- Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Emmanuel Panteris
- Department of Botany, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Toirbek Niyatbekov
- Institute of Botany, Plant Physiology and Genetics, Academy Science Republic of Tajikistan, 27 Karamov Str., Dushanbe 734017, Tajikistan
| | - Łukasz Łach
- Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jan Kwiatowski
- Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mikołaj Kokociński
- Department of Hydrobiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Spyros Gkelis
- Department of Botany, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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8
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Mikhailyuk T, Vinogradova O, Holzinger A, Glaser K, Akimov Y, Karsten U. Timaviella dunensis sp. nov. from sand dunes of the Baltic Sea, Germany, and emendation of Timaviella edaphica (Elenkin) O.M. Vynogr. & Mikhailyuk (Synechococcales, Cyanobacteria) based on an integrative approach. PHYTOTAXA 2022; 532:192-208. [PMID: 35330967 PMCID: PMC7612531 DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.532.3.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Timaviella Sciuto & Moro is a recently established cryptic genus of cyanobacteria separated from the morphologically close Leptolyngbya due to clear differences in the 16S rRNA gene sequence and the 16S-23S ITS region secondary structure. Conducting research on biological soil crusts in coastal ecotopes of Ukraine and Germany, we repeatedly observed thin filamentous cyanobacteria morphologically corresponding to the common terrestrial species Leptolyngbya edaphica (Elenkin) Anagnostidis & Komárek. Molecular data based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison of the original strains of the morphospecies indicated unambiguous assignment to the genus Timaviella. Based on this finding, we proposed the new nomenclatural combination Timaviella edaphica (Elenkin) O.M. Vynogr. & Mikhailyuk in our previous publication. Deeper molecular study of the four original strains which were morphologically identified as T. edaphica based on the 16S rRNA gene concatenated with the 16S-23S ITS region and 16S-23S ITS secondary structure analysis showed that they are not identical. Three of them (isolated from biocrusts of Black Sea coast and forest path near Kyiv, Ukraine) had high similarity both in 16S rRNA (99.7-100%) and 16S-23S ITS (99.8-100%) hence actually representing T. edaphica. The strain Us-6-3 isolated from biocrusts on sand dunes of Usedom Island in the Baltic Sea, Germany, differs both from original strains of T. edaphica and all published Timaviella species in 16S rRNA gene sequence identity, as well as in sequence and structure of the 16S-23S ITS region. Here we describe Timaviella dunensis sp. nov. and give an expanded description of T. edaphica based on morphological and molecular features. A tabular review of Timaviella species with data on their phenotypic and genotypic features, ecology and distribution is included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Mikhailyuk
- M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Tereschenkivska Str. 2, Kyiv 01024, Ukraine
- Department of Botany, Functional Plant Biology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- University of Rostock, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Applied Ecology and Phycology, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3, Rostock, D-18057, Germany
| | - Oksana Vinogradova
- M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Tereschenkivska Str. 2, Kyiv 01024, Ukraine
| | - Andreas Holzinger
- Department of Botany, Functional Plant Biology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Karin Glaser
- University of Rostock, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Applied Ecology and Phycology, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3, Rostock, D-18057, Germany
| | - Yuri Akimov
- M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Tereschenkivska Str. 2, Kyiv 01024, Ukraine
| | - Ulf Karsten
- University of Rostock, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Applied Ecology and Phycology, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3, Rostock, D-18057, Germany
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9
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Genome Reduction and Secondary Metabolism of the Marine Sponge-Associated Cyanobacterium Leptothoe. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19060298. [PMID: 34073758 PMCID: PMC8225149 DOI: 10.3390/md19060298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sponges form symbiotic relationships with diverse and abundant microbial communities. Cyanobacteria are among the most important members of the microbial communities that are associated with sponges. Here, we performed a genus-wide comparative genomic analysis of the newly described marine benthic cyanobacterial genus Leptothoe (Synechococcales). We obtained draft genomes from Le. kymatousa TAU-MAC 1615 and Le. spongobia TAU-MAC 1115, isolated from marine sponges. We identified five additional Leptothoe genomes, host-associated or free-living, using a phylogenomic approach, and the comparison of all genomes showed that the sponge-associated strains display features of a symbiotic lifestyle. Le. kymatousa and Le. spongobia have undergone genome reduction; they harbored considerably fewer genes encoding for (i) cofactors, vitamins, prosthetic groups, pigments, proteins, and amino acid biosynthesis; (ii) DNA repair; (iii) antioxidant enzymes; and (iv) biosynthesis of capsular and extracellular polysaccharides. They have also lost several genes related to chemotaxis and motility. Eukaryotic-like proteins, such as ankyrin repeats, playing important roles in sponge-symbiont interactions, were identified in sponge-associated Leptothoe genomes. The sponge-associated Leptothoe stains harbored biosynthetic gene clusters encoding novel natural products despite genome reduction. Comparisons of the biosynthetic capacities of Leptothoe with chemically rich cyanobacteria revealed that Leptothoe is another promising marine cyanobacterium for the biosynthesis of novel natural products.
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Lefler FW, Berthold DE, Laughinghouse HD. The occurrence of Affixifilum gen. nov. and Neolyngbya (Oscillatoriaceae) in South Florida (USA), with the description of A. floridanum sp. nov. and N. biscaynensis sp. nov. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2021; 57:92-110. [PMID: 32853414 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
South Florida (USA) has a subtropical to tropical climate with an extensive and diverse coastline that supports the growth of benthic cyanobacterial mats (BCMs). These BCMs are widespread and potentially house numerous bioactive compounds; however, the extent of the cyanobacterial diversity within these mats remains largely unknown. To elucidate this diversity, BCMs from select locations in South Florida were sampled and isolated into unicyanobacterial cultures for morphological and molecular studies. Phylogenetic relationships of isolated taxa were assessed using the markers 16S rRNA and 16S-23S rRNA ITS by both maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference. We propose Affixifilum gen. nov. based on morphological characteristics and the 16S rRNA phylogeny. Two species are included: Affixifilum granulosum comb nov. (=Neolyngbya granulosa) found in Brazil and Florida (USA) and A. floridanum sp. nov. Several other features, including pair-wise distance of 16S rRNA and 16S-23S rRNA ITS, 16S-23S rRNA ITS secondary structure, morphology, and ecology, provide support for Affixifilum. We also propose the transfer of Lyngbya regalis to Neolyngbya as N. regalis comb. nov. and include the description of one novel species, N. biscaynensis sp. nov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forrest W Lefler
- Agronomy Department, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida / IFAS, Davie, Florida, 33314, USA
| | - David E Berthold
- Agronomy Department, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida / IFAS, Davie, Florida, 33314, USA
| | - H Dail Laughinghouse
- Agronomy Department, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida / IFAS, Davie, Florida, 33314, USA
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11
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Konstantinou D, Kakakiou RV, Panteris E, Voultsiadou E, Gkelis S. Photosynthetic Sponge-associated Eukaryotes in the Aegean Sea: A Culture-dependent Approach. J Eukaryot Microbiol 2020; 67:660-670. [PMID: 32682339 DOI: 10.1111/jeu.12818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Symbioses between sponges and photosynthetic organisms are very diverse regarding the taxonomy and biogeography of both hosts and symbionts; to date, most research has focused on the exploration of bacterial diversity. The present study aims to characterize the culturable diversity of photosynthetic eukaryotes associated with sponges in the Aegean Sea, on which no information exists. Five microalgae strains were isolated from marine sponges; the strains were characterized by morphological features, and the 18S rRNA, 18S-28S Internal Transcribed Spacer, and ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase large chain (rbcL) sequences. Our polyphasic approach showed that the strains belonged to the green-alga Acrochaete leptochaete, the diatom Nanofrustulum cf. shiloi, the rhodophyte Acrochaetium spongicola, and the chlorachniophyte Lotharella oceanica. A. leptochaete is reported for the first time in sponges, even though green algae are known to be associated with sponges. Nanofrustulum shiloi was found in association with the sponges Agelas oroides and Chondrilla nucula, whereas information existed only for its association with the species Aplysina aerophoba. Acrochaetium spongicola was found for the first time in association with sponges in the eastern Mediterranean. Moreover, we report herein for the first time a sponge-chlorarachniophycean association. Our research revealed new diversity of microalgae associated with sponges and added new records of sponge species, previously unknown for their association with microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despoina Konstantinou
- Department of Botany, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece.,Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece
| | - Rafaela V Kakakiou
- Department of Botany, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece
| | - Emmanuel Panteris
- Department of Botany, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece
| | - Eleni Voultsiadou
- Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece
| | - Spyros Gkelis
- Department of Botany, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece
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12
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Konstantinou D, Voultsiadou E, Panteris E, Gkelis S. Revealing new sponge-associated cyanobacterial diversity: Novel genera and species. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2020; 155:106991. [PMID: 33098986 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are often reported as abundant components of the sponge microbiome; however their diversity below the phylum level is still underestimated. Aiming to broaden our knowledge of sponge-cyanobacteria association, we isolated cyanobacterial strains from Aegean Sea sponges in previous research, which revealed high degree of novel cyanobacterial diversity. Herein, we aim to further characterize sponge-associated cyanobacteria and re-evaluate their classification based on an extensive polyphasic approach, i.e. a combination of molecular, morphological and ecological data. This approach resulted in the description of five new genera (Rhodoploca, Cymatolege, Metis, Aegeococcus, and Thalassoporum) and seven new species (R. sivonenia, C. spiroidea, C. isodiametrica, M. fasciculata, A. anagnostidisi, A. thureti, T. komareki) inside the order Synechococcales, and a new pleurocapsalean species (Xenococcus spongiosum). X. spongiosum is a baeocyte-producing species that shares some morphological features with other Xenococcus species, but has distinct phylogenetic and ecological identity. Rhodoploca, Cymatolege, Metis and Thalassoporum are novel well supported linages of filamentous cyanobacteria that possess distinct characters compared to their sister taxa. Aegeococcus is a novel monophyletic linage of Synechococcus-like cyanobacteria exhibiting a unique ecology, as sponge-dweller. The considerable number of novel taxa characterized in this study highlights the importance of employing polyphasic culture-dependent approaches in order to reveal the true cyanobacterial diversity associated with sponges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despoina Konstantinou
- Department of Botany, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR-541 24, Greece; Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR-541 124, Greece
| | - Eleni Voultsiadou
- Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR-541 124, Greece
| | - Emmanuel Panteris
- Department of Botany, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR-541 24, Greece
| | - Spyros Gkelis
- Department of Botany, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR-541 24, Greece.
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13
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Jung P, Mikhailyuk T, Emrich D, Baumann K, Dultz S, Büdel B. Shifting Boundaries: Ecological and Geographical Range extension Based on Three New Species in the Cyanobacterial Genera Cyanocohniella, Oculatella, and, Aliterella. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2020; 56:1216-1231. [PMID: 32422688 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The polyphasic approach has been widely applied in cyanobacterial taxonomy, which frequently led to additions to the species inventory. Increasing our knowledge about species and the habitats they were isolated from enables new insights into the ecology of newly established genera and species allowing speculations about the ecological niche of taxa. Here, we are describing three new species belonging to three genera that broadens the ecological amplitude and the geographical range of each of the three genera. Cyanocohniella crotaloides sp. nov. is described from sandy beach mats of the temperate island Schiermonnikoog, Netherlands, Oculatella crustae-formantes sp. nov. was isolated from biological soil crusts of the Arctic Spitsbergen, Norway, and Aliterella chasmolithica originated from granitic stones of the arid Atacama Desert, Chile. All three species could be separated from related species using molecular sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and 16S-23S ITS gene region, the resulting secondary structures as well as p-distance analyses of the 16S-23S ITS and various microscopic techniques. The novel taxa described in this study contribute to a better understanding of the diversity of the genera Cyanocohniella, Oculatella, and Aliterella in different habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Jung
- University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Carl-Schurz-Str. 10-16, 66953, Pirmasens, Germany
| | - Tatiana Mikhailyuk
- G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Tereschenkivska Str. 2, Kyiv, 01004, Ukraine
| | - Dina Emrich
- Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Chair of Applied Vegetation Ecology, University of Freiburg, Tennenbacher Str. 4, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Karen Baumann
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Rostock, Soil Science, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 6, 18051, Rostock, Germany
| | - Stefan Dultz
- Institute of Soil Science, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Burkhard Büdel
- Plant Ecology and Systematics, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 13, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
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The Marine Sponge Petrosia ficiformis Harbors Different Cyanobacteria Strains with Potential Biotechnological Application. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse8090638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Marine cyanobacteria are a source of bioactive natural compounds, with a wide range of biotechnological applications. However, information on sponge-associated cyanobacteria are relatively scarce to date. In this paper, we carried out the morphological and molecular characterization of eight cyanobacterial strains, previously isolated from the Mediterranean sponge Petrosia ficiformis, and evaluated their biological activities on epithelial- and neuron-like cultured cells of human and murine origin. The new analysis allowed maintaining the assignment of three strains (Cyanobium sp., Leptolyngbya ectocarpi, and Synechococcus sp.), while two strains previously identified as Synechococcus sp. and Leptolyngbya sp. were assigned to Pseudanabaena spp. One strain, i.e., ITAC104, and the ITAC101 strain corresponding to Halomicronema metazoicum, shared extremely high sequence identity, practically representing two clones of the same species. Finally, for only one strain, i.e., ITAC105, assignment to a specific genus was not possible. Concerning bioactivity analyses, incubation of cyanobacterial aqueous cell supernatants induced variable responses in cultured cells, depending on cell type, with some of them showing toxic activity on human epithelial-like cells and no toxic effects on human and rat neuron-like cells. Future investigations will allow to better define the bioactive properties of these cyanobacteria strains and to understand if they can be useful for (a) therapeutic purpose(s).
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Konstantinou D, Mavrogonatou E, Zervou SK, Giannogonas P, Gkelis S. Bioprospecting Sponge-Associated Marine Cyanobacteria to Produce Bioactive Compounds. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12020073. [PMID: 31979262 PMCID: PMC7076795 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12020073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine cyanobacteria are considered a prolific source of bioactive natural products with a range of biotechnological and pharmacological applications. However, data on the production of natural compounds from sponge-associated cyanobacteria are scarce. This study aimed to assess the potential of sponge-associated cyanobacteria strains representing different taxonomic groups for the production of bioactive compounds and the biological activity of their extracts. Phylogenetic analysis of sponge-associated cyanobacteria and screening for the presence of genes encoding non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) and polyketide synthases (PKSs) were performed. Methanol extracts of the sponge-associated strains were analyzed for cyanotoxin production and tested for antioxidant activity and cytotoxic activity against several human cancer cell lines and pathogenic bacteria. PKS were detected in all sponge-associated strains examined, indicating the metabolic potential of the isolates. PKS genes were more ubiquitous than NRPS genes. Cyanotoxins (i.e., cylindrospermopsin, anatoxin-a, nodularin, and microcystins) were not detected in any of the sponge-associated cyanobacterial strains. Strains belonging to Leptothoe, Pseudanabaena, and Synechococcus were found to have activity mainly against Staphylococcus aureus. In addition, sponge-associated Leptothoe strains (TAU-MAC 0915, 1015, 1115, and 1215) were found to be highly cytotoxic and in most cases more effective against human cancer cell lines than against normal cells. Extracts with the most promising bioactivity deserve further investigation in order to isolate and identify the bioactive molecule(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Despoina Konstantinou
- Department of Botany, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece; (D.K.); (E.M.); (S.-K.Z.); (P.G.)
| | - Eleni Mavrogonatou
- Department of Botany, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece; (D.K.); (E.M.); (S.-K.Z.); (P.G.)
- Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Ageing, Institute of Biosciences & Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Patriarchou Grigoriou & Neapoleos, Agia Paraskevi, 15341 Athens, Greece
| | - Sevasti-Kiriaki Zervou
- Department of Botany, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece; (D.K.); (E.M.); (S.-K.Z.); (P.G.)
- Laboratory of Photo-Catalytic Processes and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Patriarchou Grigoriou & Neapoleos, Agia Paraskevi, 15341 Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Giannogonas
- Department of Botany, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece; (D.K.); (E.M.); (S.-K.Z.); (P.G.)
- Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Ageing, Institute of Biosciences & Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Patriarchou Grigoriou & Neapoleos, Agia Paraskevi, 15341 Athens, Greece
| | - Spyros Gkelis
- Department of Botany, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece; (D.K.); (E.M.); (S.-K.Z.); (P.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-231-099-8083
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16
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Lortou U, Gkelis S. Polyphasic taxonomy of green algae strains isolated from Mediterranean freshwaters. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 26:11. [PMID: 31696064 PMCID: PMC6822476 DOI: 10.1186/s40709-019-0105-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Terrestrial, freshwater and marine green algae constitute the large and morphologically diverse phylum of Chlorophyta, which gave rise to the core chlorophytes. Chlorophyta are abundant and diverse in freshwater environments where sometimes they form nuisance blooms under eutrophication conditions. The phylogenetic relationships among core chlorophyte clades (Chlorodendrophyceae, Ulvophyceae, Trebouxiophyceae and Chlorophyceae), are of particular interest as it is a species-rich phylum with ecological importance worldwide, but are still poorly understood. In the Mediterranean ecoregion, data on molecular characterization of eukaryotic microalgae strains are limited and current knowledge is based on ecological studies of natural populations. In the present study we report the isolation and characterization of 11 green microalgae strains from Greece contributing more information for the taxonomy of Chlorophyta. The study combined morphological and molecular data. Results Phylogenetic analysis based on 18S rRNA, internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the large subunit of the ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase (rbcL) gene revealed eight taxa. Eleven green algae strains were classified in four orders (Sphaeropleales, Chlorellales, Chlamydomonadales and Chaetophorales) and were represented by four genera; one strain was not assigned to any genus. Most strains (six) were classified to the genus Desmodesmus, two strains to genus Chlorella, one to genus Spongiosarcinopsis and one filamentous strain to genus Uronema. One strain is placed in a separate independent branch within the Chlamydomonadales and deserves further research. Conclusions Our study reports, for the first time, the presence of Uronema in an aquatic environment up to 40 °C and reveals new diversity within the Chlamydomonadales. The results from the ITS region and the rbcL gene corroborated those obtained from 18S rRNA without providing further information or resolving the phylogenetic relationships within certain genera, due to the limited number of ITS and rbcL sequences available. The comparison of molecular and morphological data showed that they were congruent. Cosmopolitan genera with high worldwide distribution inhabit Greek freshwaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urania Lortou
- Department of Botany, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, P.O. Box 109, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Spyros Gkelis
- Department of Botany, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, P.O. Box 109, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
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