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Ozsahin DU, Khan NA, Aqeel A, Ahmad H, Alotaibi MF, Ayaz M. Mathematical modeling and dynamics of immunological exhaustion caused by measles transmissibility interaction with HIV host. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297476. [PMID: 38635754 PMCID: PMC11025913 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper mainly addressed the study of the transmission dynamics of infectious diseases and analysed the effect of two different types of viruses simultaneously that cause immunodeficiency in the host. The two infectious diseases that often spread in the populace are HIV and measles. The interaction between measles and HIV can cause severe illness and even fatal patient cases. The effects of the measles virus on the host with HIV infection are studied using a mathematical model and their dynamics. Analysing the dynamics of infectious diseases in communities requires the use of mathematical models. Decisions about public health policy are influenced by mathematical modeling, which sheds light on the efficacy of various control measures, immunization plans, and interventions. We build a mathematical model for disease spread through vertical and horizontal human population transmission, including six coupled nonlinear differential equations with logistic growth. The fundamental reproduction number is examined, which serves as a cutoff point for determining the degree to which a disease will persist or die. We look at the various disease equilibrium points and investigate the regional stability of the disease-free and endemic equilibrium points in the feasible region of the epidemic model. Concurrently, the global stability of the equilibrium points is investigated using the Lyapunov functional approach. Finally, the Runge-Kutta method is utilised for numerical simulation, and graphic illustrations are used to evaluate the impact of different factors on the spread of the illness. Critical factors that effect the dynamics of disease transmission and greatly affect the rate and range of the disease's spread in the population have been determined through a thorough analysis. These factors are crucial in determining the expansion of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilber Uzun Ozsahin
- Department of Medical Diagnostic Imaging, College of Health Sciences, Sharjah University, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Najeeb Alam Khan
- Department of Mathematics, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Araib Aqeel
- Department of Mathematics, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Hijaz Ahmad
- Near East University, Operational Research Center in Healthcare, TRNC Mersin 10, Nicosia, Turkey
- Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Mishref, Kuwait
- Department of Computer Science and Mathematics, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Maged F. Alotaibi
- Department of Physics, College of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Ayaz
- Department of Medical Diagnostic Imaging, College of Health Sciences, Sharjah University, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Abdul-Rahman T, Herrera-Calderón RE, Aderinto N, Kundu M, Wireko AA, Adebusoye FT, Ekerin O, Lawal L, Mykolaivna NI, Alexiou A, Almashjary MN, Perveen A, Ashraf GM. Clearing the Fog: A Review of Antipsychotics for Parkinson's-Related Hallucinations: A Focus on Pimavanserin, Quetiapine and Clozapine. J Integr Neurosci 2024; 23:80. [PMID: 38682215 DOI: 10.31083/j.jin2304080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms, including hallucinations. The use of antipsychotic medications is a common strategy to manage hallucinations associated with Parkinson's disease psychosis (PDP). However, careful consideration is necessary when selecting the most appropriate drug due to the potential risks associated with the available treatment options. Atypical antipsychotics (AAPs), such as Pimavanserin and Clozapine, have effectively controlled PDP symptoms. On the contrary, the support for utilizing quetiapine is not as substantial as other antipsychotics because research studies specifically investigating its application are still emerging and relatively recent. The broad mechanisms of action of AAPs, involving dopamine and serotonin receptors, provide improved outcomes and fewer side effects than typical antipsychotics. Conversely, other antipsychotics, including risperidone, olanzapine, aripiprazole, ziprasidone, and lurasidone, have been found to worsen motor symptoms and are generally not recommended for PDP. While AAPs offer favorable benefits, they are associated with specific adverse effects. Extrapyramidal symptoms, somnolence, hypotension, constipation, and cognitive impairment are commonly observed with AAP use. Clozapine, in particular, carries a risk of agranulocytosis, necessitating close monitoring of blood counts. Pimavanserin, a selective serotonin inverse agonist, avoids receptor-related side effects but has been linked to corrected QT (QTc) interval prolongation, while quetiapine has been reported to be associated with an increased risk of mortality. This review aims to analyze the benefits, risks, and mechanisms of action of antipsychotic medications to assist clinicians in making informed decisions and enhance patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ranferi Eduardo Herrera-Calderón
- Center for Research in Health Sciences (CICSA), Faculty of Medicine, Anahuac University North Campus, 52786 Huixquilucan, Mexico
| | - Nicholas Aderinto
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, 210101 Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Mrinmoy Kundu
- Department of General Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, 751003 Bhubaneswar, India
| | | | | | - Olabode Ekerin
- School of Public Health, University of Port Harcourt, 500004 Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Lukman Lawal
- Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Ilorin, 240003 Ilorin, Nigeria
| | | | - Athanasios Alexiou
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW 2770, Australia
- Research & Development Department, AFNP Med, 1030 Wien, Austria
| | - Majed N Almashjary
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Hematology Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Animal House Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma Perveen
- Glocal School of Life Sciences, Glocal University, 247121 Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Princess Dr. Najla Bint Saud Al-Saud Center for Excellence Research in Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, and Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, 27272 Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Saraswat J, Firoz A, Kamli MR, Patel R. Improved Antibacterial Activity of Peptide Nisin with Pyrrole-Based Ionic Liquids Having Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide as a Counterion: A Synergistic Approach to Combat Bacterial Infections. ACS Omega 2024; 9:2758-2769. [PMID: 38250392 PMCID: PMC10795159 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial resistance against antimicrobial drugs is a forthcoming threat to the prevention and treatment of developing bacterial infections. Hence, the development of new antimicrobial therapy or therapeutic drugs is desperately needed. A combination of antibiotics exhibits synergistic antibacterial effects. As the combination approach of antibiotics has always shown better results against pathogens compared to monotherapy with an antibiotic, we focused on creating a new combination that may reduce the chances of strains attaining resistance, consequently lowering the toxicity factor associated with the consumption of high amounts of antibiotics. Nisin, a food preservative and potential antibiotic, shows antibacterial activity against Gram-positive strains. Since the past decade, ionic liquids (ILs) have proven to be an important class of potential antibacterial agents. In our study, we studied the effect of pyrrolidinium-based ILs and arrived at a noncovalent conjugate formed by combining nisin with ILs. The conjugates were tested against a couple of clinically relevant microorganisms, namely, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. We reached a novel discovery that the combination of sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) and IL exhibited inhibitory effects against Gram-negative bacteria, which was not observed with NIS alone. The results showed remarkable improvement in the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of NIS in the presence of ILs targeted against both microorganisms. Further, flow cytometry and confocal microscopy results revealed the membrane disruption efficiency of the best combination obtained, leading to cell death. Additionally, the complexation of nisin and ILs was studied using various techniques, such as surface tension, dynamic light scattering, absorption spectroscopy, and molecular docking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhi Saraswat
- Biophysical
Chemistry Laboratory, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic
Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Ahmad Firoz
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Princess
Dr. Najla Bint Saud Al-Saud Centre for Excellence Research in Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majid Rasool Kamli
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajan Patel
- Biophysical
Chemistry Laboratory, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic
Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
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Alkhatabi HA, Alqahtani W, Alsolami R, Elaimi A, Hazzazi MS, Almashjary MN, Alkhatabi HA, Alghuthami ME, Daous YM, Yasin EB, Barefah A. Application of Newly Customized Myeloid NGS Panel in the Diagnosis of Myeloid Malignancies. Int J Gen Med 2024; 17:37-48. [PMID: 38204493 PMCID: PMC10777859 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s437327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Genetic mutations are major factors in the diagnosis and prognosis of leukemia, and it is difficult to assess these variants using single-gene analysis. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a fast and cost-effective method for genetic screening of myeloid malignancies using a customized next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel. Patients and Methods A customized myeloid panel was designed and investigated in 15 acute myeloid leukemia patients. The panel included 11 genes that were most commonly mutated in myeloid malignancies. This panel was designed to sequence the complete genome of CALR, IDH1, IDH2, JAK2, FLT3, NPM1, MPL, TET2, SF3B1, TP53, and MLL. Results Among the 15 patients, 14 actual pathogenic variants were identified in nine samples, and negative results were found in six samples. Positive findings were observed for JAK2, FLT3, SF3B1, and TET2. Interestingly, non-classical FLT3 mutations (c.1715A>C, c.2513delG, and c.2507dupT) were detected in patients who were negative for FLT3-ITD and TKD by routine molecular results. All identified variants were pathogenic, and the high coverage of the assay allowed us to predict variants at a low frequency (1%) with 1000x coverage. Conclusion Utilizing a custom panel allowed us to identify variants that were not detected by routine tests or those that were not routinely investigated. Using the costuming panel will enable us to sequence all genes and discover new potential pathogenic variants that are not possible with other commercially available panels that focus only on hotspot regions. This study's strength in utilizing NGS and implanting a customized panel to identify new pathogenic variants that might be common in our population and important in routine diagnosis for providing optimal healthcare for personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba A Alkhatabi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 22254, Saudi Arabia
- Hematology Research Unit (HRU), King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 22254, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wejdan Alqahtani
- Department of Medical Laboratory, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Alsolami
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 22254, Saudi Arabia
- Hematology Research Unit (HRU), King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 22254, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aisha Elaimi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 22254, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research (CEGMR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 22254, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohannad S Hazzazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 22254, Saudi Arabia
- Hematology Research Unit (HRU), King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 22254, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed N Almashjary
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 22254, Saudi Arabia
- Hematology Research Unit (HRU), King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 22254, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hind A Alkhatabi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Yara M Daous
- Hematology Research Unit (HRU), King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 22254, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 22254, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elrashed B Yasin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, 25732, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Barefah
- Hematology Research Unit (HRU), King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 22254, Saudi Arabia
- Hematology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Zughaibi TA, Jabir NR, Khan AU, Khan MS, Tabrez S. Screening of Cu 4 O 3 NPs efficacy and its anticancer potential against cervical cancer. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:1174-1187. [PMID: 37691077 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Cu4 O3 is the least explored copper oxide, and its nanoformulation is anticipated to have important therapeutic potential especially against cancer. The current study aimed to biosynthesize Cu4 O3 nanoparticles (NPs) using an aqueous extract of pumpkin seeds and evaluate its antiproliferative efficacy against cervical cells after screening on different cancer cell lines. The obtained NPs were characterized by different spectroscopic analyses, such as UV-vis, thermogravimetric, energy dispersive X-ray, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In addition, high-resolution transmission electron microscopes (HR-TEM) were used to observe the morphology of the biosynthesized NPs. The UV-vis spectra showed a peak at around 332 nm, confirming the formation of Cu4 O3 NPs. Moreover, FTIR and TAG analyses identified the presence of various bioactive phytoconstituents that might have worked as capping and stabilization agents and comparative stable NPs at very high temperatures, respectively. The HR-TEM data showed the spherical shape of Cu4 O3 NPs in the range of 100 nm. The Cu4 O3 NPs was screened on three different cancer cell lines viz., Hela, MDA-MB-231, and HCT-116 using cytotoxicity (MTT) reduction assay. In addition, Vero was taken as a normal epithelial (control) cell. The high responsive cell line in terms of least IC50 was further assessed for its anticancer potential using a battery of biological tests, including morphological alterations, induction of apoptosis/ROS generation, regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and suppression of cell adhesion/migration. Vero cells (control) showed a slight decline in % cell viability even at the highest tested Cu4 O3 NPs concentration. However, all the studied cancer cells viz., MDA-MB-231, HCT 116, and HeLa cells showed a dose-dependent decline in cell viability after the treatment with Cu4 O3 NPs with a calculated IC50 value of 10, 11, and 7.2 µg/mL, respectively. Based on the above data, Hela cells were chosen for further studies, that showed induction of apoptosis from 3.5 to 9-folds by three different staining techniques acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB), 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), and propidium iodide (PI). The enhanced production of reactive oxygen species (>3.5-fold), modulation in MMP, and suppression of cell adhesion/migration were observed in the cells treated with Cu4 O3 NPs. The current study obtained the significant antiproliferative potential of Cu4 O3 NPs against the cervical cancer cell line, which needs to be confirmed further in a suitable in vivo model. Based on our results, we also recommend the green-based, eco-friendly, and cost-effective alternative method for synthesizing novel nanoformulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torki A Zughaibi
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasimudeen R Jabir
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Research and Development, PRIST University, Vallam Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Azhar U Khan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life and Basic Sciences, Siilas Campus, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Mohd Shahnawaz Khan
- Protein Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shams Tabrez
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Abduh MS. Anticancer Analysis of CD44 Targeted Cyclosporine Loaded Thiolated Chitosan Nanoformulations for Sustained Release in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:5713-5732. [PMID: 37849642 PMCID: PMC10577256 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s424932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cyclosporine (CsA), a potent immunosuppressive chemotherapeutic medication, treats numerous cancers, particularly malignant carcinoma, acute leukemia, and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Methodology A specified polymeric nanoformulation (NF) based drug delivery technique with ligand functionalization at the surface was developed to improve its delivery at the intended area and boost the efficacy for prolonged time. The in silico verified the HA binding to the CD44 receptor at binding sites A and B in triple-negative breast cancer cells. The NF of encapsulated Cyclosporine in thiolated chitosan (TC) with the outermost coating of hyaluronic acid (HA) was formulated and characterized. Results So, the zeta analysis revealed a particle size of 192 nm and PDI of 0.433, zeta potential of 38.9mV. FTIR and Raman investigations also support the existence of hydrophobic groups, porous surfaces, and non-clumping characteristics. While XRD verified its crystallographic nature while SEM and TEM analysis revealed the spherical nanoparticles with sleek exteriors. DSC demonstrated the stability of NF at high temperatures. The NF showed 85% drug encapsulation followed Higuchi release model for therapeutic moiety at acidic pH for a maximum of 72 hours. When compared to raw Cyclosporine, the in vitro tumor cell inhibition of ThC-HA encapsulated with Cyclosporine was tested using an MTT dye on normal breast epithelial cells compared to triple-negative breast cancer cells. Conclusion This novel formulation improved the long-term viability, effectiveness, and active targeting as an effective and potent therapeutic moiety against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maisa Siddiq Abduh
- Immune Responses in Different Diseases Research Group, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Sindi S, Hamdi N, Hassan S, Ganash M, Alharbi M, Alburae N, Azhari S, Alkhayyat S, Linjawi A, Alkhatabi H, Elaimi A, Alrefaei G, Alsubhi N, Alrafiah A, Alhazmi S. Promoter Methylation-Regulated Differentially Expressed Genes in Breast Cancer. Breast Cancer (Dove Med Press) 2023; 15:435-450. [PMID: 37434588 PMCID: PMC10332364 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s408711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies among women. Recent studies revealed that differentially methylated regions (DMRs) are implicated in regulating gene expression. The goal of this research was to determine which genes and pathways are dysregulated in breast cancer when their promoters are methylated in an abnormal way, leading to differential expression. Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing was applied to analyze DMRs for eight peripheral blood samples collected from five Saudi females diagnosed with stages I and II of breast cancer aligned with three normal females. Three of those patients and three normal samples were used to determine differentially expressed genes (DEG) using Illumina platform NovaSeq PE150. Results Based on ontology (GO) and KEGG pathways, the analysis indicated that DMGs and DEG are closely related to associated processes, such as ubiquitin-protein transferase activity, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, and oxidative phosphorylation. The findings indicated a potentially significant association between global hypomethylation and breast cancer in Saudi patients. Our results revealed 81 differentially promoter-methylated and expressed genes. The most significant differentially methylated and expressed genes found in gene ontology (GO) are pumilio RNA binding family member 1 (PUM1) and zinc finger AN1-type containing 2B (ZFAND2B) also known as (AIRAPL). Conclusion The essential outcomes of this study suggested that aberrant hypermethylation at crucial genes that have significant parts in the molecular pathways of breast cancer could be used as a potential prognostic biomarker for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Sindi
- Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah Hamdi
- Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabah Hassan
- Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Princess Dr. Najla Bint Saud Al-Saud Center for Excellence Research in Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magdah Ganash
- Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona Alharbi
- Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najla Alburae
- Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sheren Azhari
- Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shadi Alkhayyat
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Heba Alkhatabi
- Hematology Research Unit (HRU), King Fahad Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aisha Elaimi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghadeer Alrefaei
- Department of Biology, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf Alsubhi
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science & Arts, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aziza Alrafiah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Safiah Alhazmi
- Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Princess Dr. Najla Bint Saud Al-Saud Center for Excellence Research in Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Bhatia S, Al-Harrasi A, Alhadhrami AS, Shah YA, Kotta S, Iqbal J, Anwer MK, Nair AK, Koca E, Aydemir LY. Physical, Chemical, Barrier, and Antioxidant Properties of Pectin/Collagen Hydrogel-Based Films Enriched with Melissa officinalis. Gels 2023; 9:511. [PMID: 37504390 PMCID: PMC10379118 DOI: 10.3390/gels9070511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The essential oil extracted from Melissa officinalis (MOEO) exhibits a wide range of therapeutic properties, including antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal activities. The current research aimed to analyze the mechanical, barrier, chemical, and antioxidant properties of pectin and collagen-based films. Hydrogel-based films loaded with varying concentrations of MOEO (0.1%, 0.15%, and 0.2%) were prepared by solvent-casting method, and their physicochemical as well as antioxidant properties were examined. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of major components in MOEO such as 2,6-octadienal, 3,7-dimethyl, citral, caryophyllene, geranyl acetate, caryophyllene oxide, citronellal, and linalool. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) results revealed the interaction between components of the essential oil and polymer matrix. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that films loaded with the highest concentration (0.2%) of MOEO showed more homogeneous structure with fewer particles, cracks, and pores as compared to control film sample. MOEO-incorporated films exhibited higher elongation at break (EAB) (30.24-36.29%) and thickness (0.068-0.073 mm); however, they displayed lower tensile strength (TS) (3.48-1.25 MPa) and transparency (87.30-82.80%). MOEO-loaded films demonstrated superior barrier properties against water vapors. According to the results, the incorporation of MOEO into pectin-collagen composite hydrogel-based films resulted in higher antioxidant properties, indicating that MOEO has the potential to be used in active food packaging material for potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Bhatia
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, P.O. Box 33, Nizwa 616, Oman
- School of Health Science, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, India
- Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, P.O. Box 33, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Aysha Salim Alhadhrami
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, P.O. Box 33, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Yasir Abbas Shah
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, P.O. Box 33, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Sabna Kotta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Center of Nanotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Khalid Anwer
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anjana Karunakaran Nair
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esra Koca
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University, Adana 01250, Turkey
| | - Levent Yurdaer Aydemir
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University, Adana 01250, Turkey
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Alanazi IM, R Alzahrani A, Zughaibi TA, Al-Asmari AI, Tabrez S, Henderson C, Watson D, Grant MH. Metabolomics Analysis as a Tool to Measure Cobalt Neurotoxicity: An In Vitro Validation. Metabolites 2023; 13:698. [PMID: 37367855 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13060698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, cobalt neurotoxicity was investigated in human astrocytoma and neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells using proliferation assays coupled with LC-MS-based metabolomics and transcriptomics techniques. Cells were treated with a range of cobalt concentrations between 0 and 200 µM. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay revealed cobalt cytotoxicity and decreased cell metabolism in a dose and time-dependent manner was observed by metabolomics analysis, in both cell lines. Metabolomic analysis also revealed several altered metabolites particularly those related to DNA deamination and methylation pathways. One of the increased metabolites was uracil which can be generated from DNA deamination or fragmentation of RNA. To investigate the origin of uracil, genomic DNA was isolated and analyzed by LC-MS. Interestingly, the source of uracil, which is uridine, increased significantly in the DNA of both cell lines. Additionally, the results of the qRT-PCR showed an increase in the expression of five genes Mlh1, Sirt2, MeCP2, UNG, and TDG in both cell lines. These genes are related to DNA strand breakage, hypoxia, methylation, and base excision repair. Overall, metabolomic analysis helped reveal the changes induced by cobalt in human neuronal-derived cell lines. These findings could unravel the effect of cobalt on the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim M Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al-Abidiyah, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah R Alzahrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al-Abidiyah, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Torki A Zughaibi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed I Al-Asmari
- Laboratory Department, King Abdul-Aziz Hospital, Ministry of Health, Jeddah 22421, Saudi Arabia
- Toxicology and Forensic Science Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shams Tabrez
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Catherine Henderson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NW, UK
| | - David Watson
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Mary Helen Grant
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NW, UK
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10
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Anjum F, Shaban M, Ismail M, Gul S, Bakhsh EM, Khan MA, Sharafat U, Khan SB, Khan MI. Novel Synthesis of CuO/GO Nanocomposites and Their Photocatalytic Potential in the Degradation of Hazardous Industrial Effluents. ACS Omega 2023; 8:17667-17681. [PMID: 37251181 PMCID: PMC10210201 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic degradation of dyes has been the subject of extensive study due to its low cost, eco-friendly operation, and absence of secondary pollutants. Copper oxide/graphene oxide (CuO/GO) nanocomposites are emerging as a new class of fascinating materials due to their low cost, nontoxicity, and distinctive properties such as a narrow band gap and good sunlight absorbency. In this study, copper oxide (CuO), graphene oxide (GO), and CuO/GO were synthesized successfully. X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirm the oxidation and production of GO from the graphene of lead pencil. According to the morphological analysis of nanocomposites, CuO nanoparticles of sizes ≤20 nm on the GO sheets were evenly adorned and distributed. Nanocomposites of different CuO:GO ratios (1:1 up to 5:1) were applied for the photocatalytic degradation of methyl red (MR). CuO:GO(1:1) nanocomposites achieved 84% MR dye removal, while CuO:GO(5:1) nanocomposites achieved the highest value (95.48%). The thermodynamic parameters of the reaction for CuO:GO(5:1) were evaluated using the Van't Hoff equation and the activation energy was found to be 44.186 kJ/mol. The reusability test of the nanocomposites showed high stability even after seven cycles. CuO/GO catalysts can be used in the photodegradation of organic pollutants in wastewater at room temperature due to their excellent properties, simple synthesis process, and low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhana Anjum
- Department
of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science
& Technology, Kohat 26000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Mohamed Shaban
- Physics
Department, Faculty of Science, Islamic
University of Madinah, P. O. Box: 170, Al Madinah Al Monawara 42351, Saudi Arabia
- Nanophotonics
and Applications (NPA) Lab, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Ismail
- Department
of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science
& Technology, Kohat 26000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Saima Gul
- Department
of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science
& Technology, Kohat 26000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Esraa M. Bakhsh
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz
University, P. O. Box: 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Murad Ali Khan
- Department
of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science
& Technology, Kohat 26000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Sharafat
- School
of Science and the Environment, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador, Corner Brook, Newfoundland A2H 5G4, Canada
| | - Sher Bahadar Khan
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz
University, P. O. Box: 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - M. I. Khan
- Department
of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science
& Technology, Kohat 26000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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11
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Khan O, Parvez M, Alansari M, Farid M, Devarajan Y, Thanappan S. Application of artificial intelligence in green building concept for energy auditing using drone technology under different environmental conditions. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8200. [PMID: 37211551 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35245-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermal losses through weak building envelope is responsible for global current energy crises. Application of artificial intelligence and drone setups in green buildings can help in providing the sustainable solution the world is striving for years. The contemporary research incorporates a novel concept of measuring the wearing thermal resistances in the building envelope with the aid of a drone system. The above procedure conducts a throughout building analysis by considering three prime environmental parameters such as wind speed (WS), relative humidity (RH) and dry bulb temperature (DBT) with the aid of drone heat mapping procedure. The novelty of the study can be interpreted by the fact that prior researches have never explored the building envelope through a combination of drone and climatic conditions as variables in building areas difficult to access, thereby providing an easier, risk free, cost effective and efficient reading. Validation of the formula is authenticated by employing artificial intelligence-based software's which are applied for data prediction and optimization. Artificial models are established to validate the variables for each output from the specified number of climatic inputs. The pareto-optimal conditions attained after analysis are 44.90% RH, 12.61 °C DBT and 5.20 km/h WS. The variables and thermal resistance were validated with response surface methodology method, thereby presenting lowest error rate and comprehensive R2 value, which are 0.547 and 0.97, respectively. Henceforth, employing drone-based technology in estimating building envelope discrepancies with the novel formula, yields consistent and effective assessment for development of green building, simultaneously reducing time and cost of the experimentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Khan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia University, New-Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Mohd Parvez
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Al-Falah University, Haryana, 121004, India
| | - Monairah Alansari
- Department of Mathematics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Farid
- Department of Mathematics, Deanship of Educational Services, Qassim University, Buraidah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yuvarajan Devarajan
- Department of Thermal Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Subash Thanappan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
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12
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Bhatia S, Al-Harrasi A, Shah YA, Altoubi HWK, Kotta S, Sharma P, Anwer MK, Kaithavalappil DS, Koca E, Aydemir LY. Fabrication, Characterization, and Antioxidant Potential of Sodium Alginate/Acacia Gum Hydrogel-Based Films Loaded with Cinnamon Essential Oil. Gels 2023; 9:gels9040337. [PMID: 37102949 PMCID: PMC10137728 DOI: 10.3390/gels9040337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have reported the advantages of incorporating essential oils in hydrogel-based films for improving their physiochemical and antioxidant attributes. Cinnamon essential oil (CEO) has great potential in industrial and medicinal applications as an antimicrobial and antioxidant agent. The present study aimed to develop sodium alginate (SA) and acacia gum (AG) hydrogel-based films loaded with CEO. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and texture analysis (TA) were performed to analyze the structural, crystalline, chemical, thermal, and mechanical behaviour of the edible films that were loaded with CEO. Moreover, the transparency, thickness, barrier, thermal, and color parameters of the prepared hydrogel-based films loaded with CEO were also assessed. The study revealed that as the concentration of oil in the films was raised, the thickness and elongation at break (EAB) increased, while transparency, tensile strength (TS), water vapor permeability (WVP), and moisture content (MC) decreased. As the concentration of CEO increased, the hydrogel-based films demonstrated a significant improvement in their antioxidant properties. Incorporating CEO into the SA-AG composite edible films presents a promising strategy for producing hydrogel-based films with the potential to serve as food packaging materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Bhatia
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, P.O. Box 33, Nizwa 616, Oman
- School of Health Science, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, India
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, P.O. Box 33, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Yasir Abbas Shah
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, P.O. Box 33, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | | | - Sabna Kotta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Priyanka Sharma
- Center for Innovation in Personalized Medicine, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Khalid Anwer
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Esra Koca
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University, Adana 01250, Turkey
| | - Levent Yurdaer Aydemir
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University, Adana 01250, Turkey
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13
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Tayeb HO, Tekian A, Baig M, Koenig HG, Lingard L. The Role of Religious Culture in Medical Professionalism in a Muslim Arab Society. Perspect Med Educ 2023; 12:56-67. [PMID: 36908746 PMCID: PMC9997109 DOI: 10.5334/pme.920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Calls have been made to integrate concepts and practices derived from Muslim culture into medical professionalism in Muslim societies. Little is known about how these religious cultural concepts (RCCs) influence medical practice and education. This study explored the influence of RCCs on medical professionalism in Saudi Arabia. Methods This was a qualitative study that implemented a constructivist, grounded theory approach. Semi-structured interviews about RCCs and medical professionalism were conducted with 15 Saudi physicians at a single academic medical center. Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants of different genders, generations, and specialties. Data collection and analysis were iterative. A theoretical framework was formulated. Results Key findings: (i) the role of RCCs in medical professionalism is perceived to be constantly evolving due to the evolution of societal interpretations of RCCs; (ii) participants described applying two standards to judge what is professional: a medical standard and a religious cultural standard. Participants shifted between these two standards variably and non-linearly. This variable shifting altered the values shaping medical professionalism, at times unpredictably. Discussion Academic Saudi physicians argued against assuming a stable traditional interpretation of RCCs, emphasized the evolving contribution of RCCs to medical professionalism, and indicated that the process of merging religious cultural and medical standards in medical practice is variable and may alter medical practice values. Therefore, these physicians perceived RCCs to be useful as supplements to but not as a backbone for medical professionalism. Careful consideration of the potential impact of RCCs on the values of medical professionalism is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haythum O. Tayeb
- Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ara Tekian
- Department of Medical Education, University of Illinois, Chicago, USA
| | - Mukhtiar Baig
- Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Harold G. Koenig
- Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Departments of Psychiatry and Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, North Carolina, USA
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14
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Sarour EO, El Keshky MES. Deviant peer affiliation as a mediating variable in the relationship between family cohesion and adaptability and internet addiction among adolescents. Curr Psychol 2022; 42:1-9. [PMID: 35693840 PMCID: PMC9168353 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03270-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of deviant peer affiliation in the relationship between family functioning, specifically family cohesion and family adaptability, and internet addiction among Saudi adolescents. A sample of 946 Saudi Arabian adolescents with a mean age of 18.5 years (SD = 3.06) was obtained using snowball sampling. Path analysis using structural equation modeling was conducted. The results indicated significant negative relationships between family cohesion and internet addiction and between deviant peer affiliation and family cohesion, and a significant positive relationship between family adaptability and internet addiction. In accordance with prior research, we found a significant positive relationship between deviant peer affiliation and internet addiction, but in terms of mediation, deviant peer affiliation mediated only the relationship between family cohesion and internet addiction. In conclusion, it is important for the effectiveness of interventions and preventive programs that aim to address deviant peer affiliation and internet addiction in adolescents to enhance the well-being of their family systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enas ObaidAllah Sarour
- Human Sciences and Design, Family Sciences Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mogeda El Sayed El Keshky
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 42803, Jeddah, 21551 Saudi Arabia
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15
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Rahman MM, Alam MM, Alfaifi SYM, Asiri AM, Ali MM. Sensitive Detection of Thiourea Hazardous Toxin with Sandwich-Type Nafion/CuO/ZnO Nanospikes/Glassy Carbon Composite Electrodes. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3998. [PMID: 34833297 PMCID: PMC8618075 DOI: 10.3390/polym13223998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this research study, we developed a voltammetric electrochemical sensor probe with a copolymer Nafion (Sulfonated Tetrafluoroethylene-based Fluoro-polymer) decorated with hydrothermally prepared sandwich-type CuO/ZnO nanospikes (NSs) onto a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for reliable thiourea (TU) detection. The detailed characterizations in terms of structural morphology, binding energy, elemental compositions, grain size and crystallinity for synthesized NSs were performed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, respectively. The differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) analysis for TU showed good linearity at current-versus-TU concentration on the calibration plot in the 0.15~1.20 mM range, which is defined as a dynamic detection range (LDR) of TU in a phosphate buffer solution. Considering the slope of LDR over the GCE-coated NSs surface area (0.0316 cm2), the TU sensor sensitivity (0.4122 µA µM-1 cm-2) was obtained. Besides this, the low limit (LOD) for TU detection was calculated and found to be 23.03 ± 1.15 µM. The fabricated Nafion/CuO/ZnO NSs/GCE sensor probe was created as a reliable sensor based on reproducibility, interference effect, stability and response time. Real bio-samples were investigated and the results confirm the anticipated reliability of the TU sensor probe. Thus, this is a noble way to develop enzyme-free electrochemical sensors that could be an alternative approach for the detection of chemicals in the field of enzyme-free biosensor development technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed M. Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (S.Y.M.A.); (A.M.A.)
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Md M. Alam
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sulaiman Y. M. Alfaifi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (S.Y.M.A.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Abdullah M. Asiri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (S.Y.M.A.); (A.M.A.)
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Meser M. Ali
- Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA;
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16
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Al-Hanawi MK, Alshareef N, El-Sokkary RH. Willingness to Receive COVID-19 Vaccination among Older Adults in Saudi Arabia: A Community-Based Survey. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:1257. [PMID: 34835188 PMCID: PMC8621281 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9111257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying the factors driving vaccine hesitancy can improve vaccine attitudes and motivate individuals to have the recommended vaccinations. However, failure to address the issue directly, or worse, ignoring it, could deepen such concerns, resulting in lower vaccination rates, leading to elevated rates of illness and vaccine-preventable deaths among older adults. The aim of this study was to explore the rate of acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine among older adults in Saudi Arabia, along with the associated predicting factors and reasons for hesitancy. This study extracted data from a cross-sectional online survey on the acceptability of COVID-19 vaccination in Saudi Arabia, which was conducted from 8 to 14 December 2020. The sample of the study included 488 older adults aged 50 and older. The major data analytic tools employed in the study were bivariate and multivariable regression analyses. Among the 488 participants, 214 (43.85%) reported willingness to accept the COVID-19 vaccine when available. Older men were more likely to be willing to be vaccinated (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 2.277; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.092-4.745) than older women. High levels of education were significantly associated with willingness to be vaccinated. Older adults who had previously refused any vaccine were less likely to take the COVID-19 vaccine (aOR: 0.358; 95% CI: 0.154-0.830). Those who expressed a high or very high level of concern related to becoming infected were more likely to accept the vaccine against COVID-19 (aOR: 4.437; 95% CI: 2.148-9.168). Adverse side effects (27.01%), and safety and efficacy concerns (22.63%) were the most commonly cited reasons for vaccine hesitancy. The vaccination acceptance rate among older adults in Saudi Arabia is low. Interventions designed specifically for older adults addressing worries and concerns related to the vaccine are of paramount importance. In particular, these interventions should be tailored to address gender-based and health literacy level differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Khaled Al-Hanawi
- Department of Health Services and Hospital Administration, Faculty of Economics and Administration, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80200, Saudi Arabia;
- Health Economics Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80200, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noor Alshareef
- Department of Health Services and Hospital Administration, Faculty of Economics and Administration, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80200, Saudi Arabia;
- Health Economics Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80200, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehab H. El-Sokkary
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
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17
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Al-Shehri A, Zaheer Z, Alsudairi AM, Kosa SA. Photo-oxidative Decolorization of Brilliant Blue with AgNPs as an Activator in the Presence of K 2S 2O 8 and NaBH 4. ACS Omega 2021; 6:27510-27526. [PMID: 34693172 PMCID: PMC8529662 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The decolorization of brilliant blue (E133) in aqueous solution by K2S2O8 and NaBH4 with AgNPs as an activator was studied spectrophotometrically under normal laboratory conditions. Batch experiments were performed to investigate the effects of reaction time, initial dye concentration, activator concentration, solution pH, and temperature on the decolorization of E133. K2S2O8 and NaBH4 did not decolorize the dye E133 in the absence of AgNPs. The optimum dosage of AgNPs was 0.01 g/L, and 98% dye E133 degradation was observed with 3.75 mM K2S2O8 at 30 °C in ca. 60 min of reaction time. In the NaBH4/AgNPs system, only 60% dye degradation was observed for an identical reaction condition. The decolorization rate constant increases with the increase in concentrations of AgNPs, K2S2O8, NaBH4, and reaction temperature. The decolorization degree of the E133 responded linearly with K2S2O8 and NaBH4 concentrations. The existence of sulfate radicals (SO4 · -) and hydroxyl radicals (HO·) generated during the decolorization of E133 was identified by using ethanol and tertiary butyl alcohol as scavengers. Based on the E133 solution absorbance changes at 628 nm, the decolorization mechanism was proposed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer
Saad Al-Shehri
- Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zoya Zaheer
- Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amell Musaid Alsudairi
- Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samia A. Kosa
- Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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