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Wei X, Qian S, Yang Y, Mo J. Microbiome-based therapies for periodontitis and peri-implantitis. Oral Dis 2024; 30:2838-2857. [PMID: 37890080 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Periodontitis and peri-implantitis are oral infectious-inflammatory diseases associated with oral microbial dysbiosis. Microbiome-based therapies, characterized by manipulation of the microbiota, are emerging as promising therapeutic approaches to resolve the microbial dysbiosis and associated dysregulation of immune system. This review aims at summarizing recent progress on microbiome-based therapies in periodontitis and peri-implantitis, promoting a further understanding of the related therapeutic mechanisms. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Pertinent literatures focused on microbiome-based therapies for periodontitis and peri-implantitis are obtained from PubMed and Web of Science. RESULTS In this article, we review the roles and therapeutic mechanisms of four microbiome-based therapies, including probiotics, postbiotics, predatory bacteria and phages, and microbiota transplantation, in the management of periodontitis and peri-implantitis. Challenges facing this field are also discussed, highlighting the areas that require more attention and investigation. CONCLUSIONS Microbiome-based therapies may serve as effective treatment for periodontitis and peri-implantitis. This review presents a new viewpoint to this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xindi Wei
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Implantology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shujiao Qian
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Implantology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yijie Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Implantology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaji Mo
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Implantology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
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2
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Deng AF, Wang FX, Wang SC, Zhang YZ, Bai L, Su JC. Bone-organ axes: bidirectional crosstalk. Mil Med Res 2024; 11:37. [PMID: 38867330 PMCID: PMC11167910 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-024-00540-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In addition to its recognized role in providing structural support, bone plays a crucial role in maintaining the functionality and balance of various organs by secreting specific cytokines (also known as osteokines). This reciprocal influence extends to these organs modulating bone homeostasis and development, although this aspect has yet to be systematically reviewed. This review aims to elucidate this bidirectional crosstalk, with a particular focus on the role of osteokines. Additionally, it presents a unique compilation of evidence highlighting the critical function of extracellular vesicles (EVs) within bone-organ axes for the first time. Moreover, it explores the implications of this crosstalk for designing and implementing bone-on-chips and assembloids, underscoring the importance of comprehending these interactions for advancing physiologically relevant in vitro models. Consequently, this review establishes a robust theoretical foundation for preventing, diagnosing, and treating diseases related to the bone-organ axis from the perspective of cytokines, EVs, hormones, and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Fu Deng
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Fu-Xiao Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Si-Cheng Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Ying-Ze Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Orthopaedic Research Institution of Hebei Province, NHC Key Laboratory of Intelligent Orthopaedic Equipment, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
| | - Long Bai
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
- Wenzhou Institute of Shanghai University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jia-Can Su
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Islam P, Ice JA, Alake SE, Adedigba P, Hatter B, Robinson K, Clarke SL, Ford Versypt AN, Ritchey J, Lucas EA, Smith BJ. Fructooligosaccharides act on the gut-bone axis to improve bone independent of Tregs and alter osteocytes in young adult C57BL/6 female mice. JBMR Plus 2024; 8:ziae021. [PMID: 38562914 PMCID: PMC10982850 DOI: 10.1093/jbmrpl/ziae021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Targeting the gut-bone axis with probiotics and prebiotics is considered as a promising strategy to reduce the risk of osteoporosis. Gut-derived short chain fatty acids (SCFA) mediate the effects of probiotics on bone via Tregs, but it is not known whether prebiotics act through a similar mechanism. We investigated how 2 different prebiotics, tart cherry (TC) and fructooligosaccharide (FOS), affect bone, and whether Tregs are required for this response. Eight-wk-old C57BL/6 female mice were fed with diets supplemented with 10% w/w TC, FOS, or a control diet (Con; AIN-93M) diet, and they received an isotype control or CD25 Ab to suppress Tregs. The FOS diet increased BMC, density, and trabecular bone volume in the vertebra (~40%) and proximal tibia (~30%) compared to the TC and control diets (Con), irrespective of CD25 treatment. Both prebiotics increased (P < .01) fecal SCFAs, but the response was greater with FOS. To determine how FOS affected bone cells, we examined genes involved in osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation and activity as well as genes expressed by osteocytes. The FOS increased the expression of regulators of osteoblast differentiation (bone morphogenetic protein 2 [Bmp2], Wnt family member 10b [Wnt10b] and Osterix [Osx]) and type 1 collagen). Osteoclasts regulators were unaltered. The FOS also increased the expression of genes associated with osteocytes, including (Phex), matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein (Mepe), and dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein 1 (Dmp-1). However, Sost, the gene that encodes for sclerostin was also increased by FOS as the number and density of osteocytes increased. These findings demonstrate that FOS has a greater effect on the bone mass and structure in young adult female mice than TC and that its influence on osteoblasts and osteocytes is not dependent on Tregs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Proapa Islam
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - John A Ice
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Sanmi E Alake
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Pelumi Adedigba
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Bethany Hatter
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Kara Robinson
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Stephen L Clarke
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Ashlee N Ford Versypt
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Jerry Ritchey
- Veterinary Pathobiology Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Edralin A Lucas
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Brenda J Smith
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Petrariu OA, Barbu IC, Niculescu AG, Constantin M, Grigore GA, Cristian RE, Mihaescu G, Vrancianu CO. Role of probiotics in managing various human diseases, from oral pathology to cancer and gastrointestinal diseases. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1296447. [PMID: 38249451 PMCID: PMC10797027 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1296447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The imbalance of microbial composition and diversity in favor of pathogenic microorganisms combined with a loss of beneficial gut microbiota taxa results from factors such as age, diet, antimicrobial administration for different infections, other underlying medical conditions, etc. Probiotics are known for their capacity to improve health by stimulating the indigenous gut microbiota, enhancing host immunity resistance to infection, helping digestion, and carrying out various other functions. Concurrently, the metabolites produced by these microorganisms, termed postbiotics, which include compounds like bacteriocins, lactic acid, and hydrogen peroxide, contribute to inhibiting a wide range of pathogenic bacteria. This review presents an update on using probiotics in managing and treating various human diseases, including complications that may emerge during or after a COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana-Alina Petrariu
- Microbiology-Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ilda Czobor Barbu
- Microbiology-Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adelina-Gabriela Niculescu
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Politehnica University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Marian Constantin
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Institute of Biology of Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Georgiana Alexandra Grigore
- Microbiology-Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Bucharest, Romania
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana-Elena Cristian
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Grigore Mihaescu
- Microbiology-Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corneliu Ovidiu Vrancianu
- Microbiology-Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
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5
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Garcia VG, Rocha TED, Gomes NA, Miessi DMJ, Nuernberg MAA, Rodrigues JVS, Cardoso JDM, Ervolino E, Theodoro LH. Adjuvant effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the treatment of experimental periodontitis in rats undergoing chemotherapy. J Appl Oral Sci 2023; 31:e20230135. [PMID: 37991087 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2023-0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Surgical procedures, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, individually or in association, are current oncological treatments. Among the most used chemotherapy drugs, 5-fluorouracil (5FU) is an antimetabolite with a broad spectrum of action. This study evaluated the effects of probiotics (PRO) as an adjuvant to the treatment of experimental periodontitis (EP) in rats immunosuppressed with 5FU.108 rats were randomly allocated to six different groups: EP; SS - systemic treatment with saline solution (SS); 5FU - systemic treatment with 5FU; 5FU+PRO - systemic treatment with 5FU, followed by the local administration of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; 5FU+SRP - systemic treatment with 5-FU, followed by scaling and root planing (SRP); and 5FU+SRP+PRO - systemic treatment with 5FU followed by local treatments with SRP and PRO. Immunosuppression was obtained at two points: at the time of ligature installation and after 48 h. Six animals from each group were euthanized at seven, 15, and 30 d and hemimandibles were collected and processed for histopathological, histometric, and immunohistochemical analysis. Data were subjected to statistical analysis (α=5%). At 7 d, the 5FU+PRO group showed less bone resorption and better structured connective tissue compared with the EP, SS, 5FU+SRP, and 5FU+SRP+PRO groups. At 15 d, the 5FU+SRP group showed a greater intensity of the inflammatory response (p<0.05). At 30 d, the 5FU+SRP+PRO group showed better structured bone tissue and a higher percentage of bone tissue (PBT) than the EP, SS, 5FU, and 5FU+PRO groups (p<0.05). The use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as monotherapy or as an adjuvant to periodontal therapy may have a positive effect on bone repair in immunosuppressed conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valdir Gouveia Garcia
- Instituto Latino Americano de Pesquisa e Ensino Odontológico (ILAPEO), Curitiba , PR , Brasil
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba , Departamento de Diagnóstico e Cirurgia , Divisão Periodontia, Araçatuba , SP , Brasil
| | - Tiago Esgalha da Rocha
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba , Departamento de Diagnóstico e Cirurgia , Divisão Periodontia, Araçatuba , SP , Brasil
| | - Natália Amanda Gomes
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba , Departamento de Diagnóstico e Cirurgia , Divisão Periodontia, Araçatuba , SP , Brasil
| | - Daniela Maria Janjácomo Miessi
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba , Departamento de Diagnóstico e Cirurgia , Divisão Periodontia, Araçatuba , SP , Brasil
| | - Marta Aparecida Alberton Nuernberg
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba , Departamento de Diagnóstico e Cirurgia , Divisão Periodontia, Araçatuba , SP , Brasil
| | - João Victor Soares Rodrigues
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba , Departamento de Diagnóstico e Cirurgia , Divisão Periodontia, Araçatuba , SP , Brasil
| | | | - Edilson Ervolino
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba , Departamento de Ciências Básicas , Araçatuba , SP , Brasil
| | - Letícia Helena Theodoro
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba , Departamento de Diagnóstico e Cirurgia , Divisão Periodontia, Araçatuba , SP , Brasil
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6
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Deandra FA, Ketherin K, Rachmasari R, Sulijaya B, Takahashi N. Probiotics and metabolites regulate the oral and gut microbiome composition as host modulation agents in periodontitis: A narrative review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13475. [PMID: 36820037 PMCID: PMC9937986 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is defined as an oral bacterial dysbiosis-induced persistent inflammation on dental supporting tissue resulting in periodontal tissue breakdown and alveolar bone destruction. The disease is initiated by the interaction between periodontopathogens and the host immune system. Its development and severity can be associated with several systemic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes mellitus, and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Moreover, the latest research has suggested that the oral and gut microbiome hypothesis lays the oral and systemic connection mechanism. Bacterial homeostasis and restoration in the oral cavity and intestine become therapeutics concepts. Concerning the treatment of periodontitis, a local inflammatory condition, prolonged systemic administration of antibiotics is no longer recommended due to bacterial resistance issues. Probiotics and several bioactive metabolites have been widely investigated to address the needs of host modulation therapy in periodontitis. Evidence suggests that the use of probiotics helps downregulate the inflammation process through the regulation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and the production of fatty acid, targeting reactive oxygen species (ROS). In brief, several herbals have anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators, including mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Consistently, improvement of periodontal pocket depth (PPD) and gingival index (GI) was seen in a group given melatonin as an adjunct treatment. In all, this review will highlight host modulation agents regarding periodontitis therapy, plausible mechanisms on how probiotics and metabolites work on periodontal restoration, and their reported studies. Limitations given by published studies will be elaborated, while future directions will be proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fathia Agzarine Deandra
- Postgraduate Program in Periodontology, Department of Periodontology, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ketherin Ketherin
- Postgraduate Program in Periodontology, Department of Periodontology, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Rieska Rachmasari
- Postgraduate Program in Periodontology, Department of Periodontology, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Benso Sulijaya
- Department of Periodontology, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia,Dental Division, Universitas Indonesia Hospital, Depok, West Java, Indonesia,Corresponding author. Department of Periodontology, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Naoki Takahashi
- Division of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Japan
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Wu Y, Yang Y, Wang L, Chen Y, Han X, Sun L, Chen H, Chen Q. Effect of Bifidobacterium on osteoclasts: TNF-α/NF-κB inflammatory signal pathway-mediated mechanism. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1109296. [PMID: 36967748 PMCID: PMC10034056 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1109296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a systemic multifactorial bone disease characterized by low bone quality and density and bone microstructure damage, increasing bone fragility and fracture vulnerability. Increased osteoclast differentiation and activity are important factors contributing to bone loss, which is a common pathological manifestation of bone diseases such as osteoporosis. TNF-a/NF-κB is an inflammatory signaling pathway with a key regulatory role in regulating osteoclast formation, and the classical pathway RANKL/RANK/OPG assists osteoclast formation. Activation of this inflammatory pathway promotes the formation of osteoclasts and accelerates the process of osteoporosis. Recent studies and emerging evidence have consistently demonstrated the potential of probiotics to modulate bone health. Secretions of Bifidobacterium, a genus of probiotic bacteria in the phylum Actinobacteria, such as short-chain fatty acids, equol, and exopolysaccharides, have indicated beneficial effects on bone health. This review discusses the molecular mechanisms of the TNF-a/NF-κB inflammatory pathway in regulating osteoclast formation and describes the secretions produced by Bifidobacterium and their potential effects on bone health through this pathway, opening up new directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunjiao Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiding Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuke Han
- College of Acupuncture & Tuina, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Lisha Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Huizhen Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Qiu Chen,
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Gao L, Kuraji R, Zhang MJ, Martinez A, Radaic A, Kamarajan P, Le C, Zhan L, Ye C, Rangé H, Sailani MR, Kapila YL. Nisin probiotic prevents inflammatory bone loss while promoting reparative proliferation and a healthy microbiome. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2022; 8:45. [PMID: 35672331 PMCID: PMC9174264 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-022-00307-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysbiosis of the oral microbiome mediates chronic periodontal disease. Realignment of microbial dysbiosis towards health may prevent disease. Treatment with antibiotics and probiotics can modulate the microbial, immunological, and clinical landscape of periodontal disease with some success. Antibacterial peptides or bacteriocins, such as nisin, and a nisin-producing probiotic, Lactococcus lactis, have not been examined in this context, yet warrant examination because of their biomedical benefits in eradicating biofilms and pathogenic bacteria, modulating immune mechanisms, and their safety profile in humans. This study's goal was to examine the potential for nisin and a nisin-producing probiotic to abrogate periodontal bone loss, the host inflammatory response, and changes in oral microbiome composition in a polymicrobial mouse model of periodontal disease. Nisin and a nisin-producing Lactococcus lactis probiotic significantly decreased the levels of several periodontal pathogens, alveolar bone loss, and the oral and systemic inflammatory host response. Surprisingly, nisin and/or the nisin-producing L. lactis probiotic enhanced the population of fibroblasts and osteoblasts despite the polymicrobial infection. Nisin mediated human periodontal ligament cell proliferation dose-dependently by increasing the proliferation marker, Ki-67. Nisin and probiotic treatment significantly shifted the oral microbiome towards the healthy control state; health was associated with Proteobacteria, whereas 3 retroviruses were associated with disease. Disease-associated microbial species were correlated with IL-6 levels. Nisin or nisin-producing probiotic's ability to shift the oral microbiome towards health, mitigate periodontal destruction and the host immune response, and promote a novel proliferative phenotype in reparative connective tissue cells, addresses key aspects of the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and reveals a new biomedical application for nisin in treatment of periodontitis and reparative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Gao
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ryutaro Kuraji
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Life Science Dentistry, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Periodontology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Martin Jinye Zhang
- Oralome, Inc, 1700 4th Street, Byers Hall Suite 214, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - April Martinez
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Allan Radaic
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Pachiyappan Kamarajan
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Charles Le
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ling Zhan
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Changchang Ye
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hélène Rangé
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
- Université Paris Cité, Faculty of Health, Department of Periodontology, URP2496 Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies Laboratory, Montrouge and Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine, PaCeMM, FHU, Hôpital Rothschild, APHP, Paris, France
| | - M Reza Sailani
- Oralome, Inc, 1700 4th Street, Byers Hall Suite 214, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yvonne L Kapila
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA.
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9
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Wu F, Fang B, Wuri G, Zhao L, Liu F, Zhang M. Metagenomic Analysis Reveals a Mitigating Role for Lactobacillus paracasei and Bifidobacterium animalis in Experimental Periodontitis. Nutrients 2022; 14:2125. [PMID: 35631266 PMCID: PMC9146436 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102125 10.3390/nu14102125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics have aroused increasing concern as an intervention strategy for periodontitis (PD), but their underlying mechanism of action remains poorly characterized. Regarding the significance of oral microbiota dysbiosis related to PD, we predicted that the preventive activity of probiotics may be influenced by suppressing the bacterial pathogenicity. Herein, we investigated the effects of Lactobacillus paracasei L9 (L9) and Bifidobacterium animalis A6 (A6) on PD using a rat model, and demonstrated a regulatory effect of probiotics on oral flora from a metagenomics perspective. Oral administration of A6 or L9 effectively relieved gingival bleeding, periodontal inflammatory infiltration, and alveolar bone resorption. In addition, A6 or L9 treatment reduced the inflammatory response and increased the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines, which we expected to ameliorate alveolar bone resorption as mediated by the receptor activator of the nuclear factor-κB ligand/OPG signaling pathway. More importantly, using metagenomic sequencing, we showed that probiotics significantly altered the taxonomic composition of the subgingival microbiome, and reduced the relative proportions of pathogenic bacterial genera such as Streptococcus, Fusobacterium, Veillonella, and Escherichia. Both probiotics significantly inhibited levels of bacterial virulence factors related to adherence, invasion, exoenzyme, and complement protease functions that are strongly correlated with the pathogenesis of PD. Our overall results suggest that A6 and L9 may constitute promising prophylactic agents for PD, and should thus be further explored in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wu
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100084, China; (F.W.); (G.W.)
| | - Bing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Guna Wuri
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100084, China; (F.W.); (G.W.)
| | - Liang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fudong Liu
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Hohhot 010110, China;
- Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100084, China; (F.W.); (G.W.)
- Correspondence:
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10
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Wu F, Fang B, Wuri G, Zhao L, Liu F, Zhang M. Metagenomic Analysis Reveals a Mitigating Role for Lactobacillus paracasei and Bifidobacterium animalis in Experimental Periodontitis. Nutrients 2022; 14:2125. [PMID: 35631266 PMCID: PMC9146436 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102125+10.3390/nu14102125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics have aroused increasing concern as an intervention strategy for periodontitis (PD), but their underlying mechanism of action remains poorly characterized. Regarding the significance of oral microbiota dysbiosis related to PD, we predicted that the preventive activity of probiotics may be influenced by suppressing the bacterial pathogenicity. Herein, we investigated the effects of Lactobacillus paracasei L9 (L9) and Bifidobacterium animalis A6 (A6) on PD using a rat model, and demonstrated a regulatory effect of probiotics on oral flora from a metagenomics perspective. Oral administration of A6 or L9 effectively relieved gingival bleeding, periodontal inflammatory infiltration, and alveolar bone resorption. In addition, A6 or L9 treatment reduced the inflammatory response and increased the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines, which we expected to ameliorate alveolar bone resorption as mediated by the receptor activator of the nuclear factor-κB ligand/OPG signaling pathway. More importantly, using metagenomic sequencing, we showed that probiotics significantly altered the taxonomic composition of the subgingival microbiome, and reduced the relative proportions of pathogenic bacterial genera such as Streptococcus, Fusobacterium, Veillonella, and Escherichia. Both probiotics significantly inhibited levels of bacterial virulence factors related to adherence, invasion, exoenzyme, and complement protease functions that are strongly correlated with the pathogenesis of PD. Our overall results suggest that A6 and L9 may constitute promising prophylactic agents for PD, and should thus be further explored in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wu
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100084, China; (F.W.); (G.W.)
| | - Bing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Guna Wuri
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100084, China; (F.W.); (G.W.)
| | - Liang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fudong Liu
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Hohhot 010110, China;
- Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100084, China; (F.W.); (G.W.)
- Correspondence:
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11
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Metagenomic Analysis Reveals a Mitigating Role for Lactobacillus paracasei and Bifidobacterium animalis in Experimental Periodontitis. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14102125. [PMID: 35631266 PMCID: PMC9146436 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics have aroused increasing concern as an intervention strategy for periodontitis (PD), but their underlying mechanism of action remains poorly characterized. Regarding the significance of oral microbiota dysbiosis related to PD, we predicted that the preventive activity of probiotics may be influenced by suppressing the bacterial pathogenicity. Herein, we investigated the effects of Lactobacillus paracasei L9 (L9) and Bifidobacterium animalis A6 (A6) on PD using a rat model, and demonstrated a regulatory effect of probiotics on oral flora from a metagenomics perspective. Oral administration of A6 or L9 effectively relieved gingival bleeding, periodontal inflammatory infiltration, and alveolar bone resorption. In addition, A6 or L9 treatment reduced the inflammatory response and increased the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines, which we expected to ameliorate alveolar bone resorption as mediated by the receptor activator of the nuclear factor-κB ligand/OPG signaling pathway. More importantly, using metagenomic sequencing, we showed that probiotics significantly altered the taxonomic composition of the subgingival microbiome, and reduced the relative proportions of pathogenic bacterial genera such as Streptococcus, Fusobacterium, Veillonella, and Escherichia. Both probiotics significantly inhibited levels of bacterial virulence factors related to adherence, invasion, exoenzyme, and complement protease functions that are strongly correlated with the pathogenesis of PD. Our overall results suggest that A6 and L9 may constitute promising prophylactic agents for PD, and should thus be further explored in the future.
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12
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The effects of Lactobacillus reuteri on the inflammation and periodontal tissue repair in rats: a pilot study. Saudi Dent J 2022; 34:516-526. [PMID: 36092517 PMCID: PMC9453527 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2022.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of probiotic (PRO) Lactobacillus reuteri (DSM17938) as an adjuvant to the treatment of experimental periodontitis (EP). Material and methods Fifty-four male adult Wistar rats were included. EP was induced and maintained for 7 days. Subsequently, the ligature was removed and the animals were allocated into three different experimental groups (n = 18/group): EP – no local treatment, the animals received four systemic saline solution (SS) administrations; SRP+SS, the animals underwent SRP treatment, followed by SS administration; and SRP+PRO, the animals received SRP treatment, followed by the systemic administration of PROs (Lactobacillus reuteri ; 0.16 ml/day). Six animals from each group were euthanised at 7, 15 and 30 days. Histological and histometric analyses of alveolar bone loss (BL) and immunohistochemical analyses for TRAP, RANKL, OPG, OCN, and PCNA were performed. Shapiro–Wilk, ANOVA, post-hoc Tukey, Kruskal–Wallis, Student–Newman Keuls were performed. Results The SRP+PRO group presented a reduction in inflammation. At 15 days, a lower BL was observed in the SRP+SS and SRP+PRO groups. Greater immunolabeling was noticed for PCNA at 15 days in the SRP+PRO group than in the SRP+SS group. The SRP+PRO group demonstrated a higher OCN immunolabeling pattern than the EP group at 15 and 30 days. Conclusion The use of Lactobacillus reuteri as an adjuvant to SRP for the treatment of EP showed promising results in the control of local inflammatory responses, and enhanced the periodontal tissue repair process according to the employed concentration.
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13
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Photodynamic Therapy with Natural Photosensitizers in the Management of Periodontal Disease Induced in Rats. Gels 2022; 8:gels8020134. [PMID: 35200515 PMCID: PMC8872554 DOI: 10.3390/gels8020134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effect of new natural photosensitizers (PS) (based on oregano essential oil, curcuma extract, and arnica oil) through in vitro cytotoxicity and biological tests in rat-induced periodontal disease, treated with photodynamic therapy (aPDT). The cytotoxicity of PS was performed on human dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells (dMSCs) and human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cell lines. Periodontal disease was induced by ligation of the first mandibular molar of 25 rats, which were divided into 5 groups: control group, periodontitis group, Curcuma and aPDT-treated group, oregano and aPDT-treated group, and aPDT group. The animals were euthanized after 4 weeks of study. Computed tomography imaging has been used to evaluate alveolar bone loss. Hematological and histological evaluation showed a greater magnitude of the inflammatory response and severe destruction of the periodontal ligaments in the untreated group.. For the group with the induced periodontitis and treated with natural photosensitizers, the aPDT improved the results; this therapy could be an important adjuvant treatment. The obtained results of these preliminary studies encourage us to continue the research of periodontitis treated with natural photosensitizers activated by photodynamic therapy.
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14
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Guo X, Zhong K, Zou L, Xue H, Zheng S, Guo J, Lv H, Duan K, Huang D, Tan M. Effect of Lactobacillus casei fermented milk on fracture healing in osteoporotic mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1041647. [PMID: 36387894 PMCID: PMC9649960 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1041647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction between the gut microbiota and the host has been described experimentally by germ-free animals or by antibiotic-disturbed gut microbiota. Studies on germ-free mice have shown that gut microbiota is critical for bone growth and development in mice, emphasizing that microbiota dysbiosis may interfere with normal bone development processes. This study aimed to clarify the effect of antibiotic treatment on disturbed gut microbiota on bone development in mice and to investigate the effect of probiotic treatment on fracture healing in mice with dysbiosis. Our results showed that 4 weeks old female Kunming mice showed significantly lower abundance and diversity of the gut microbiota and significantly lower bone mineral density after 12 weeks of antibiotic treatment and significantly increased levels of RANKL and Ang II in serum (p<0.05). Mice with dysbiosis received 5 mL of Lactobacillus casei fermented milk by daily gavage after internal fixation of femoral fractures, and postoperative fracture healing was evaluated by X-ray, micro-CT scan, and HE staining, which showed faster growth of the broken ends of the femur and the presence of more callus. Serological tests showed decreased levels of RANKL and Ang II (p<0.05). Similarly, immunohistochemical results also showed increased expression of α smooth muscle actin in callus tissue. These results suggest that oral antibiotics can lead to dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in mice, which in turn leads to the development of osteoporosis. In contrast, probiotic treatment promoted fracture healing in osteoporotic mice after dysbiosis, and the probiotic effect on fracture healing may be produced by inhibiting the RAS/RANKL/RANK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Guo
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Kai Zhong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - LongFei Zou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hao Xue
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - ShuLing Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jiang Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hui Lv
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ke Duan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - DengHua Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - MeiYun Tan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- *Correspondence: MeiYun Tan,
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15
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Billington EO, Mahajan A, Benham JL, Raman M. Effects of probiotics on bone mineral density and bone turnover: A systematic review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-12. [PMID: 34748440 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1998760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Probiotic supplements have been shown to improve bone health in animal models, although it remains uncertain whether these beneficial effects extend to humans. We undertook a systematic review of the literature to determine the effects of probiotic interventions on skeletal outcomes in postmenopausal women. MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched from inception to October 2020 for controlled trials comparing the effects of probiotic-containing supplements with placebo on bone mineral density (BMD) or bone turnover markers. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 Tool. Of 338 records identified, six randomized, placebo-controlled trials (n = 632) were eligible for inclusion. All studies assessed postmenopausal women for durations of 6-12 months; three were considered to be at high risk of bias. Four studies examined Lactobacillus-containing probiotics, one assessed a proprietary blend of lactic acid bacteria, and one evaluated Bacillus subtilis. Effects of probiotic interventions on BMD were inconsistent, with the majority of studies demonstrating no benefit at the spine or hip. Probiotic effects on bone turnover markers were similarly heterogeneous. High quality studies are needed to determine whether probiotic interventions have a role in maintaining bone health in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma O Billington
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,McCaig Institute for Bone & Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Amita Mahajan
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jamie L Benham
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Maitreyi Raman
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Division of Gastroenterology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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16
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Nguyen T, Brody H, Radaic A, Kapila Y. Probiotics for periodontal health-Current molecular findings. Periodontol 2000 2021; 87:254-267. [PMID: 34463979 PMCID: PMC8448672 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dysbiosis of the oral microbiome is associated with a variety of oral and systemic diseases, including periodontal disease. Oral dysbiosis in periodontal disease leads to an exacerbated host immune response that induces progressive periodontal tissue destruction and ultimately tooth loss. To counter the disease‐associated dysbiosis of the oral cavity, strategies have been proposed to reestablish a “healthy” microbiome via the use of probiotics. This study reviews the literature on the use of probiotics for modifying the oral microbial composition toward a beneficial state that might alleviate disease progression. Four in vitro and 10 preclinical studies were included in the analysis, and these studies explored the effects of probiotics on cultured biofilm growth and bacterial gene expressions, as well as modulation of the host response to inflammation. The current molecular findings on probiotics provide fundamental evidence for further clinical research for the use of probiotics in periodontal therapy. They also point out an important caveat: Changing the biofilm composition might alter the normal oral flora that is beneficial and/or critical for oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang Nguyen
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Hanna Brody
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Alan Radaic
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Yvonne Kapila
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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17
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Doğan B, Kemer Doğan ES, Özmen Ö, Fentoğlu Ö, Kırzıoğlu FY, Calapoğlu M. Synergistic Effect of Omega-3 and Probiotic Supplementation on Preventing Ligature-Induced Periodontitis. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 14:114-120. [PMID: 34037942 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-021-09803-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Omega-3 and probiotics were shown to improve periodontal health by modulating the host immune response. Recently, the combination of omega-3 and probiotics has been shown to have a potential synergistic effect on host modulation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prophylactic role of an omega-3 and probiotic combination on alveolar bone loss (ABL) via inflammatory response in an experimental periodontitis model. Forty-three rats were divided into 5 groups as control (C, n = 8), periodontitis (P, n = 8), omega-3 + periodontitis (O, n = 8), probiotic + periodontitis (Pro, n = 10), and omega-3 + probiotic + periodontitis (OPro, n = 9). Additionally to a standardized diet, omega-3 and/or probiotics were supplemented with oral gavage to the O, Pro, and OPro groups for 44 days. Periodontitis was induced by ligature to the P, O, Pro, and OPro groups on the 30th day for 2 weeks. ABL levels were measured histopathologically, and serum interleukin (IL) 1β, IL6, and IL10 levels were analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. ABL increased in all periodontitis groups (P, O, Pro, and OPro), compared to C group. Compared to P group, all oral gavage groups (O, Pro, and OPro) revealed decreased ABL, which was lowest in OPro group. IL1β and IL6 decreased and IL10 increased in OPro group, compared to P group. In conclusion, prophylactic administration of omega-3 and probiotic combination reduced ABL and improved serum IL1β, IL6, and IL10 levels more than their single use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burak Doğan
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey.
| | - Esra Sinem Kemer Doğan
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Özlem Özmen
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Özlem Fentoğlu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Fatma Yeşim Kırzıoğlu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Calapoğlu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
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18
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Zhang Q, Xu W, Xu X, Lu W, Zhao J, Zhang H, Chen W. Effects of Limosilactobacillus fermentum CCFM1139 on experimental periodontitis in rats. Food Funct 2021; 12:4670-4678. [PMID: 33928953 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00409c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a polymicrobial inflammatory disease often characterized by the excessive colonization of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum, which causes alveolar bone resorption and advanced oral inflammation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Limosilactobacillus fermentum CCFM1139 on experimental periodontitis induced following ligature and infection with P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum in vivo. The results showed that L. fermentum CCFM1139 significantly reduced weight loss associated with periodontal inflammation (p < 0.05), while decreasing both the P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum populations within the oral cavity of rats (p < 0.05) and regulating the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1 beta, and IL-8 in the periodontal tissue (p < 0.05). Microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) and histopathological examination revealed that L. fermentum CCFM1139 supplementation reduced the level of alveolar bone loss and bone porosity and increased bone volume (p < 0.05) in the experimental animals. Furthermore, L. fermentum CCFM1139 exhibited promising effects in preventing the deepening of the periodontal pocket and the increase in the gap between adjacent molars. Thus L. fermentum CCFM1139 was shown to have solid potential as an oral probiotic for protection against periodontitis suggesting that this may be a good candidate in the production of a new functional food for improving periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R China.
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19
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Tu Y, Yang R, Xu X, Zhou X. The microbiota-gut-bone axis and bone health. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 110:525-537. [PMID: 33884666 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mr0321-755r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is colonized by trillions of microorganisms, consisting of bacteria, fungi, and viruses, known as the "second gene pool" of the human body. In recent years, the microbiota-gut-bone axis has attracted increasing attention in the field of skeletal health/disorders. The involvement of gut microbial dysbiosis in multiple bone disorders has been recognized. The gut microbiota regulates skeletal homeostasis through its effects on host metabolism, immune function, and hormonal secretion. Owing to the essential role of the gut microbiota in skeletal homeostasis, novel gut microbiota-targeting therapeutics, such as probiotics and prebiotics, have been proven effective in preventing bone loss. However, more well-controlled clinical trials are still needed to evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of these ecologic modulators in the treatment of bone disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China.,Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Ran Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China.,Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China.,Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
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20
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Hathaway-Schrader JD, Novince CM. Maintaining homeostatic control of periodontal bone tissue. Periodontol 2000 2021; 86:157-187. [PMID: 33690918 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alveolar bone is a unique osseous tissue due to the proximity of dental plaque biofilms. Periodontal health and homeostasis are mediated by a balanced host immune response to these polymicrobial biofilms. Dysbiotic shifts within dental plaque biofilms can drive a proinflammatory immune response state in the periodontal epithelial and gingival connective tissues, which leads to paracrine signaling to subjacent bone cells. Sustained chronic periodontal inflammation disrupts "coupled" osteoclast-osteoblast actions, which ultimately result in alveolar bone destruction. This chapter will provide an overview of alveolar bone physiology and will highlight why the oral microbiota is a critical regulator of alveolar bone remodeling. The ecology of dental plaque biofilms will be discussed in the context that periodontitis is a polymicrobial disruption of host homeostasis. The pathogenesis of periodontal bone loss will be explained from both a historical and current perspective, providing the opportunity to revisit the role of fibrosis in alveolar bone destruction. Periodontal immune cell interactions with bone cells will be reviewed based on our current understanding of osteoimmunological mechanisms influencing alveolar bone remodeling. Lastly, probiotic and prebiotic interventions in the oral microbiota will be evaluated as potential noninvasive therapies to support alveolar bone homeostasis and prevent periodontal bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica D Hathaway-Schrader
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Chad M Novince
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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21
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Keirns BH, Lucas EA, Smith BJ. Phytochemicals affect T helper 17 and T regulatory cells and gut integrity: implications on the gut-bone axis. Nutr Res 2020; 83:30-48. [PMID: 33010588 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2020.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The pathology of osteoporosis is multifactorial, but a growing body of evidence supports an important role of the gut-bone axis, especially in bone loss associated with menopause, rheumatoid arthritis, and periodontal disease. Aberrant T cell responses favoring an increase in the ratio of T helper 17 cells to T regulatory cells play a critical role in the underlying etiology of this bone loss. Many of the dietary phytochemicals known to have osteoprotective activity such as flavonoids, organosulfur compounds, phenolic acids, as well as the oligosaccharides also improve gut barrier function and affect T cell differentiation and activation within gut-associated lymphoid tissues and at distal sites. Here, we examine the potential of these phytochemicals to act as prebiotics and immunomodulating agents, in part targeting the gut to mediate their effects on bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryant H Keirns
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078.
| | - Edralin A Lucas
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078.
| | - Brenda J Smith
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078.
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22
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Miessi DMJ, Garcia VG, Ervolino E, Scalet V, Nuernberg MAA, Dos Santos Neto OM, da Rocha TE, Theodoro LH. Lactobacillus reuteri associated with scaling and root planing in the treatment of periodontitis in rats submitted to chemotherapy. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 117:104825. [PMID: 32622257 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Lactobacillus reuteri applied locally or systemically with scaling and root planing (SRP) to the treatment of experimental periodontitis (EP) in rats treated with 5-fluorouracil. METHODS A cotton ligature was installed on the molars of rats. The animals (n = 54) underwent chemotherapy and were divided into groups: SRP (n = 18), scaling and root planing only; LP (n = 18), SRP and 4 sessions of local probiotic (PRO); SP, SRP and 4 sessions of systemic PRO. The molar furcation area was submitted to histopathological, histometric of alveolar bone loss (ABL) and immunolabeling analysis after euthanasia at 7, 15 and 30 days. The data were submitted to statistical analysis (α = 5%). RESULTS At 15 days ABL was higher in LP compared to SP. At 30 days, ABL was higher in LP compared to SRP and SP. Higher immunolabeling of TGF-β1 was observed in LP and SP at 7 days compared to SRP (p < 0.05). Lower immunolabeling of OCN and higher immunolabeling of RANKL were observed at all periods in SRP compared to SP (p < 0.05). At 30 days, SRP showed lower immunolabeling of OPG compared to SP and LP (p < 0.05). In SP, lower immunolabeling was observed at 15 days compared at 30 days (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The ABL was similar among the groups treated with SRP associated or not to probiotic therapeutic, although the systemic use of Lactobacillus reuteri considerably reduced inflammation and favored periodontal tissues repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Maria Janjácomo Miessi
- Periodontics Division, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry of Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Valdir Gouveia Garcia
- Periodontics Division, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry of Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil; Latin American Institute of Dental Research and Education (ILAPEO), Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Edilson Ervolino
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry of Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Vitor Scalet
- Periodontics Division, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry of Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Marta Aparecida Alberton Nuernberg
- Periodontics Division, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry of Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Otavio Marino Dos Santos Neto
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo University (USP). Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Tiago Esgalha da Rocha
- Periodontics Division, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry of Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Leticia Helena Theodoro
- Periodontics Division, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry of Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Calcium and vitamin D supplementation is recommended for patients at high risk of fracture and/or for those receiving pharmacological osteoporosis treatments. Probiotics are micro-organisms conferring a health benefit on the host when administered in adequate amounts, likely by influencing gut microbiota (GM) composition and/or function. GM has been shown to influence various determinants of bone health. RECENT FINDINGS In animal models, probiotics prevent bone loss associated with estrogen deficiency, diabetes, or glucocorticoid treatments, by modulating both bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblast. In humans, they interfere with 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, and calcium intake and absorption, and slightly decrease bone loss in elderly postmenopausal women, in a quite similar magnitude as observed with calcium ± vitamin D supplements. A dietary source of probiotics is fermented dairy products which can improve calcium balance, prevent secondary hyperparathyroidism, and attenuate age-related increase of bone resorption and bone loss. Additional studies are required to determine whether probiotics or any other interventions targeting GM and its metabolites may be adjuvant treatment to calcium and vitamin D or anti-osteoporotic drugs in the general management of patients with bone fragility.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Rizzoli
- Service of Bone Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, 1211, Geneva 14, Switzerland.
| | - Emmanuel Biver
- Service of Bone Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, 1211, Geneva 14, Switzerland
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Ercan N, Olgun E, Kisa Ü, Yalim M. Effect of synbiotics in the treatment of smokers and non-smokers with gingivitis: randomized controlled trial. Aust Dent J 2020; 65:210-219. [PMID: 32147827 DOI: 10.1111/adj.12755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the efficacy of synbiotic tablets on the clinical and biochemical parameters of smokers and non-smokers with gingivitis. METHODS Eighty patients with gingivitis [40 smokers (+), 40 non-smokers (-)] were randomly assigned to test (T) or control (C) groups. Four groups were defined: T(+), T(-), C(+) and C(-). The subjects daily chewed a synbiotic or placebo tablet for 30 days. The gingival crevicular fluid levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and IL-10 were determined as the primary outcome variables. RESULTS The clinical and biochemical parameters for all groups significantly reduced compared with the baseline (P < 0.05). While there were no significant differences between the groups for gingival index, the plaque index was significantly higher in both smoker groups than that in the T(-) group during the second month (P < 0.05). IL-8 levels in C(-) and IL-6 levels in both control groups were significantly higher than those in the T(+) group. The IL-10 levels in both control groups were significantly higher than those in the T(-) group during the second month (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Adjunctive synbiotic tablets significantly reduce subclinical therapeutic outcomes for both smokers and non-smokers compared with placebo according to the biochemical parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ercan
- Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - E Olgun
- Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - Ü Kisa
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - M Yalim
- Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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25
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Zhou Z, Chen X, Sheng H, Shen X, Sun X, Yan Y, Wang J, Yuan Q. Engineering probiotics as living diagnostics and therapeutics for improving human health. Microb Cell Fact 2020; 19:56. [PMID: 32131831 PMCID: PMC7055047 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-020-01318-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota that inhabit our gastrointestinal tract are well known to play an important role in maintaining human health in many aspects, including facilitating the digestion and absorption of nutrients, protecting against pathogens and regulating immune system. Gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with a lot of diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease, allergy, obesity, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases and cancers. With the increasing knowledge of the microbiome, utilization of probiotic bacteria in modulating gut microbiota to prevent and treat a large number of disorders and diseases has gained much interest. In recent years, aided by the continuous development of tools and techniques, engineering probiotic microbes with desired characteristics and functionalities to benefit human health has made significant progress. In this paper, we summarize the recent advances in design and construction of probiotics as living diagnostics and therapeutics for probing and treating a series of diseases including metabolic disorders, inflammation and pathogenic bacteria infections. We also discuss the current challenges and future perspectives in expanding the application of probiotics for disease treatment and detection. We intend to provide insights and ideas for engineering of probiotics to better serve disease therapy and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15# Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15# Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Huakang Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15# Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiaolin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15# Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xinxiao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15# Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yajun Yan
- College of Engineering, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Jia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15# Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Qipeng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15# Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
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The Interplay between Immune System and Microbiota in Osteoporosis. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:3686749. [PMID: 32184701 PMCID: PMC7061131 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3686749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mass and alterations of bone microarchitecture, with an increased risk of fractures. It is a multifactorial disorder that is more frequent in postmenopausal women but can be associated to other diseases (inflammatory and metabolic diseases). At present, several options are available to treat osteoporosis trying to block bone reabsorption and reduce the risk of fracture. Anyway, these drugs have safety and tolerance problems in long-term treatment. Recently, gut microbiota has been highlighted to have strong influence on bone metabolism, becoming a potential new target to modify bone mineral density. Such evidences are mainly based on mouse models, showing an involvement in modulating the interaction between the immune system and bone cells. Germ-free mice represent a basic model to understand the interaction between microbiota, immune system, and bone cells, even though data are controversial. Anyway, such models have unequivocally demonstrated a connection between such systems, even if the mechanism is unclear. Gut microbiota is a complex system that influences calcium and vitamin D absorption and modulates gut permeability, hormonal secretion, and immune response. A key role is played by the T helper 17 lymphocytes, TNF, interleukin 17, and RANK ligand system. Other important pathways include NOD1, NOD2, and Toll-like receptor 5. Prebiotics and probiotics are a wide range of substances and germs that can influence and modify microbiota. Several studies demonstrated actions by different prebiotics and probiotics in different animals, differing according to sex, age, and hormonal status. Data on the effects on humans are poor and controversial. Gut microbiota manipulation appears a possible strategy to prevent and treat osteopenia and/or osteoporosis as well as other possible bone alterations, even though further clinical studies are necessary to identify correct procedures in humans.
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Liu H, Gu R, Li W, Xue J, Cong Z, Wei Q, Zhou Y. Probiotics protect against tenofovir-induced mandibular bone loss in mice by rescuing mandible-derived mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. J Oral Rehabil 2019; 47 Suppl 1:83-90. [PMID: 31209890 DOI: 10.1111/joor.12840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), a primary antiretroviral agent used to treat AIDS, triggers systematic bone loss. However, the effect of TDF on osteopenia or osteoporosis in the jaw remains unclear. TDF-induced bone loss in the jaw, if any, likely involves mandible-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MMSCs), which play a key role in jawbone metabolism. Probiotics prevent long bone loss, and could prove efficacious in treating TDF-induced mandibular bone loss. OBJECTIVES To determine whether TDF triggers mandibular bone loss, elucidate the underlying mechanisms, and study the effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) on TDF-induced bone loss in the jaw. METHODS Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate was administered orally daily and LGG semiweekly from eight weeks to the end of the study (LGG group) to male C57BL6/J mice. The mice were sacrificed, and body weight (BW) and serum Ca and P were measured. Mandibular histomorphometry was evaluated by micro-CT. MMSCs and LGG culture supernatants were isolated, and MMSC proliferation and ALP production when treated with different concentrations of LGG supernatant and/or TDF were measured. Relative abundance of osteogenic markers was assessed by qPCR. RESULTS Orally administered LGG protected against bone mass loss and deterioration of bone microarchitecture and increased serum P levels. The BW of the TDF group was highest among the study groups. TDF partially impaired osteogenesis and proliferation of MMSCs. LGG culture supernatant rescued MMSC osteogenesis and proliferation, and osteogenic gene expression. CONCLUSIONS Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG protected against tenofovir-induced mandibular bone loss in mice by rescuing MMSC proliferation and osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Health, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ranli Gu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Xue
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Health, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Cong
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Health, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Health, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yongsheng Zhou
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
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Theodoro L, Cláudio M, Nuernberg M, Miessi D, Batista J, Duque C, Garcia V. Effects of Lactobacillus reuteri as an adjunct to the treatment of periodontitis in smokers: randomised clinical trial. Benef Microbes 2019; 10:375-384. [DOI: 10.3920/bm2018.0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this randomised clinical trial was to evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus reuteri in chewable tablets as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment of chronic periodontitis in smoking patients. 34 patient smokers were selected and randomly divided into two groups. The SRP group (n=17) received scaling and root planing (SRP) in one session and a placebo; the PRO group (n=17) received SRP in one session and 2 probiotic tablets 2× per day, for 21 days. Bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival recession (GR), and pockets with PD≥5 mm and bleeding were measured at baseline and 90 days. After 90 days of treatment, the PD and pockets with PD≥5 mm and bleeding were significantly lower in both groups compared to baseline (P<0.05). In the PRO group, the BOP had significantly reduced at 90 days when compared with the baseline (P<0.05). There was statistically significant reduction in PD between baseline and 90 days in the PRO group in deep pockets (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in the reduction in PD (P=0.95) or gain in CAL (P=0.97) in moderate and deep pockets. The adjuvant use of L. reuteri in the treatment of chronic periodontitis was effective in controlling gingival inflammation because reduced bleeding on probing which means reduced gingival inflammation and was effective in reducing deep pocket in manner clinically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- L.H. Theodoro
- Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, Division of Periodontology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, 16015-050, Brazil
| | - M.M. Cláudio
- Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, Division of Periodontology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, 16015-050, Brazil
| | - M.A.A. Nuernberg
- Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, Division of Periodontology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, 16015-050, Brazil
| | - D.M.J. Miessi
- Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, Division of Periodontology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, 16015-050, Brazil
| | - J.A. Batista
- Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, Division of Periodontology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, 16015-050, Brazil
| | - C. Duque
- Department of Pediatric and Social Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dentistry School of Araçatuba, São Paulo, 16015-050, Brazil
| | - V.G. Garcia
- Latin American Institute of Dental Research and Education (ILAPEO), Department of Periodontology, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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de Almeida JM, Marques BM, Novaes VCN, de Oliveira FLP, Matheus HR, Fiorin LG, Ervolino E. Influence of adjuvant therapy with green tea extract in the treatment of experimental periodontitis. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 102:65-73. [PMID: 30974379 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study evaluated the effects of topical green tea extract solution (GTE) as adjuvant therapy to mechanical debridement for the treatment of experimental periodontitis (EP). MATERIAL AND METHODS We used 120 male rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus - Wistar), divided into the following four groups: NEP (sham) (n = 30): no experimental periodontitis (NEP), only simulation of EP by installation and removal of a ligature; EP (n = 30): EP induction by ligature; SRP (n = 30): EP, scaling and root planing (SRP), and irrigation with physiological saline solution; SRP/GT (n = 30): EP, SRP, and irrigation with GTE. Histologic analysis and immunohistochemistry were performed for detection of interleukin (IL)1ß, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), IL-10, and anti-tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) in the furcation area. The percentage of bone in the furcation (PBF) was considered the primary variable and evaluated at 14, 22, and 37 days. The data from the histological analysis and the IL- 1B, TNF- A, and IL-10 were submitted to a Kruskal-Wallis variance test and Dunn's posttest (p ≤ 0.05). The histometric data and TRAP were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's posttest (p ≤ 0.05). RESULTS The SRP/GT group showed lower inflammatory process, lower immunolabeling pattern of IL-1ß and TNF-α, and greater immunolabeling pattern of IL-10 compared with the EP and SRP groups at 22 days. Fewer TRAP-positive multinucleated osteoclasts were observed in all periods in the SRP/GT group (5.22 ± 0.65; 7.33 ± 0.80; 8.55 ± 1.15) compared with the SRP group (30.67 ± 8.55; 13.22 ± 0.77; 13.87 ± 0.77). Higher PBF was observed in all periods in the SRP/GT group (74.65 ± 7.14; 76.61 ± 5.36; 79.24 ± 3.75) compared with the SRP group (61.60 ± 9.48; 54.84 ± 9.06; 53.25 ± 9.66). CONCLUSION GTE adjuvant to SRP reduced inflammation, osteoclastic activity, and alveolar bone loss in EP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliano Milanezi de Almeida
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic - Periodontics Division, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.
| | - Bianca Mayara Marques
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic - Periodontics Division, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Vivian Cristina Noronha Novaes
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic - Periodontics Division, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Fred Lucas Pinto de Oliveira
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic - Periodontics Division, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Henrique Rinaldi Matheus
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic - Periodontics Division, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz Guilherme Fiorin
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic - Periodontics Division, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Edilson Ervolino
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Department of Basic Science - Histology Division, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
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Abboud M, Papandreou D. Gut Microbiome, Probiotics and Bone: An Updated Mini Review. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019; 7:478-481. [PMID: 30834022 PMCID: PMC6390135 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome is now considered as a large organ that has a direct effect on gastrointestinal tract, immune and endocrine system. There is no evidence that gut microbiota regulates the immune system and is responsible for bone formation and destruction. Probiotics have been shown through the gastrointestinal tract to have a positive effect on the management of the healthy bone. This article discusses the latest data available from PubMed and Scopus databases regarding gut microbiome, probiotics and bone briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Abboud
- Department of Health, CNHS, Zayed University, Dubai, UAE
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Statkievicz C, Toro LF, de Mello-Neto JM, de Sá DP, Casatti CA, Issa JPM, Cintra LTA, de Almeida JM, Nagata MJH, Garcia VG, Theodoro LH, Ervolino E. Photomodulation multiple sessions as a promising preventive therapy for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws after tooth extraction in rats. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 184:7-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Effects of probiotic supplementation on performance traits, bone mineralization, cecal microbial composition, cytokines and corticosterone in laying hens. Animal 2018; 13:33-41. [PMID: 29785889 DOI: 10.1017/s175173111800109x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent researches have showed that probiotics promote bone health in humans and rodents. The objective of this study was to determine if probiotics have the similar effects in laying hens. Ninety-six 60-week-old White Leghorn hens were assigned to four-hen cages based on their BW. The cages were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatments: a layer diet mixed with a commercial probiotic product (containing Enterococcus faecium, Pediococcus acidilactici, Bifidobacterium animalis and Lactobacillus reuteri) at 0, 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 g/kg feed (Control, 0.5×, 1.0× and 2.0×) for 7 weeks. Cecal Bifidobacterium spp. counts were higher in all probiotic groups (P0.05). In addition, the plasma concentrations of cytokines (interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α) and corticosterone as well as the levels of heterophil to lymphocyte ratio were similar between the 2.0× group and the control group (P>0.05). In line with these findings, no differences of cecal tonsil mRNA expressions of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-α factor were detected between these two groups (P>0.05). These results suggest that immune cytokines and corticosterone may not involve in the probiotic-induced improvement of eggshell quality and bone mineralization in laying hens. In conclusion, the dietary probiotic supplementation altered cecal microbiota composition, resulting in reduced shell-less egg production and improved bone mineralization in laying hens; and the dietary dose of the probiotic up to 2.0× did not cause negative stress reactions in laying hens.
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Skrypnik K, Suliburska J. Association between the gut microbiota and mineral metabolism. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:2449-2460. [PMID: 28991359 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to present the most recent scientific evidence of interactions between the intestinal microbiota and minerals, and the effect of this interaction on the health of the host. The Web of Science database from the years 2013-2017 on this topic was reviewed. Numerous in vitro studies have shown that iron significantly affects the intestinal microbiota. However, Bifidobacteriaceae are capable of binding iron in the large intestine, thereby limiting the formation of free radicals synthesized in the presence of iron, and thus reducing the risk of colorectal cancer. Animal studies have revealed that supplementation with probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics has a significant effect on bone calcium, phosphate and bone metabolism. The dynamic interaction between microbiota and zinc was shown. Human studies have provided evidence of the influence of probiotic bacteria on parathormone, calcium and phosphate levels and thus on bone resorption. Recent studies have produced new information mainly on the impact of the intestinal bacteria on the metabolism of calcium and iron. From a scientific perspective, the most urgent fields that remain to be investigated are the identification of all human gut microbes and new therapies targeting the interaction between intestinal bacteria and minerals. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Skrypnik
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Joanna Suliburska
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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Azuma MM, Gomes-Filho JE, Ervolino E, Cardoso CDBM, Pipa CB, Kawai T, Conti LC, Cintra LTA. Omega-3 Fatty Acids Reduce Inflammation in Rat Apical Periodontitis. J Endod 2018; 44:604-608. [PMID: 29397217 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) on pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators were evaluated in a rat model of pulp exposure-induced apical periodontitis (AP). METHODS Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: control, untreated rats (group C); control rats treated with ω-3 PUFAs (group C-O); rats with pulp exposure-induced AP (group AP); and rats with pulp exposure-induced AP treated with ω-3 PUFAs (group AP-O). Omega-3 PUFAs were administered orally once a day for 15 days before pulp exposure; this treatment was continued for 30 days after pulp exposure. The rats were sacrificed 30 days after pulp exposure, and their dissected jaws were subjected to immunohistochemical analysis to detect immunoreactivity for tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, IL-17, and IL-10 on the periapical bone surface. The results were statistically evaluated using analysis of variance and the Tukey post-test. The significance level was set at 5%. RESULTS Immunoreactivity for the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-17 was higher in the AP group than in the AP-O, C, and C-O groups (P < .05). Immunoreactivity for the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was lower in the AP group than in the AP-O group (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Supplementation with ω-3 PUFAs can modulate the inflammatory response in rat AP, decreasing levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-17 but increasing levels of IL-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariane Maffei Azuma
- Department of Endodontics, Araçatuba Dental School, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - João Eduardo Gomes-Filho
- Department of Endodontics, Araçatuba Dental School, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edilson Ervolino
- Department of Basic Sciences, Araçatuba Dental School, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Camila Barbosa Pipa
- Department of Endodontics, Araçatuba Dental School, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Toshihisa Kawai
- Department of Periodontology, NOVA Southeastern University College of Dental Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, Florida
| | - Leticia Citelli Conti
- Department of Endodontics, Araçatuba Dental School, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciano Tavares Angelo Cintra
- Department of Endodontics, Araçatuba Dental School, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Gatej SM, Marino V, Bright R, Fitzsimmons TR, Gully N, Zilm P, Gibson RJ, Edwards S, Bartold PM. Probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG
prevents alveolar bone loss in a mouse model of experimental periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2017; 45:204-212. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simona M. Gatej
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; Adelaide Dental School; The University of Adelaide; Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Victor Marino
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; Adelaide Dental School; The University of Adelaide; Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Richard Bright
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; Adelaide Dental School; The University of Adelaide; Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Tracy R. Fitzsimmons
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; Adelaide Dental School; The University of Adelaide; Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Neville Gully
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; Adelaide Dental School; The University of Adelaide; Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Peter Zilm
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; Adelaide Dental School; The University of Adelaide; Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Rachel J. Gibson
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; Adelaide Medical School; The University of Adelaide; Adelaide SA Australia
- Division of Health Sciences; University of South Australia; Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Suzanne Edwards
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; Adelaide Dental School; The University of Adelaide; Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Peter M. Bartold
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; Adelaide Dental School; The University of Adelaide; Adelaide SA Australia
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Khajuria DK, Patil ON, Karasik D, Razdan R. Development and evaluation of novel biodegradable chitosan based metformin intrapocket dental film for the management of periodontitis and alveolar bone loss in a rat model. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 85:120-129. [PMID: 29055230 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to develop a chitosan-metformin based intrapocket dental film (CMIDF) for applications in the treatment of periodontitis and alveolar bone loss in an rat model of periodontitis. DESIGN CMIDF inserts were fabricated by the solvent casting technique. The fabricated inserts were evaluated for physical characteristics such as folding endurance, surface pH, mucoadhesive strength, metformin content uniformity, and release. X-ray diffraction analysis indicates no crystallinity of metformin in presence of chitosan which confirmed successful entrapment of metformin into the CMIDF. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy revealed stability of CMIDF and compatibility between metformin and chitosan. Periodontitis was induced by a combination of Porphyromonas gingivalis- lipopolysaccharide injections in combinations with ligatures around the mandibular first molar. We divided rats into 5 groups (8 rats/group): healthy, untreated periodontitis; periodontitis plus CMIDF-A (1.99±0.09mg metformin; total mass-4.01±0.05mg), periodontitis plus CMIDF-B (2.07±0.06mg metformin; total mass-7.56±0.09mg), and periodontitis plus chitosan film (7.61±0.08mg). After four weeks, mandibles were extracted to evaluate alveolar bone loss by micro-computerized tomography and histological techniques. RESULTS Alveolar bone was intact in the healthy group. Local administration of CMIDF resulted in significant improvements in the alveolar bone properties when compared to the untreated periodontitis group. The study reported here demonstrates that novel CMIDF showed good antibacterial activity and effectively reduced alveolar bone destruction in a rat model of experimental periodontitis. CONCLUSIONS Novel CMIDF showed good antibacterial activity and improved alveolar bone properties in a rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar Khajuria
- The Musculoskeletal Genetics Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel; Department of Pharmacology, Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, India.
| | | | - David Karasik
- The Musculoskeletal Genetics Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Rema Razdan
- Department of Pharmacology, Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, India
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Jafarnejad S, Djafarian K, Fazeli MR, Yekaninejad MS, Rostamian A, Keshavarz SA. Effects of a Multispecies Probiotic Supplement on Bone Health in Osteopenic Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized, Double-blind, Controlled Trial. J Am Coll Nutr 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2017.1318724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Jafarnejad
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetic, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kurosh Djafarian
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetic, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Fazeli
- Department of Drug & Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mir Saeed Yekaninejad
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Ali Keshavarz
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetic, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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38
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Eaimworawuthikul S, Thiennimitr P, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn SC. Diet-induced obesity, gut microbiota and bone, including alveolar bone loss. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 78:65-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Theodoro LH, Longo M, Novaes VCN, Miessi DMJ, Ferro-Alves ML, Ervolino E, de Almeida JM, Garcia VG. Low-level laser and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy on experimental periodontitis in rats submitted to chemotherapy by 5-fluorouracil. Support Care Cancer 2017; 25:3261-3271. [PMID: 28488051 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-017-3738-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) as adjuvant to mechanical treatment of experimental periodontitis (EP) in adult rats submitted to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) chemotherapy. METHODS EP was induced through ligature around the left mandibular first molar for 7 days. The ligature was removed and the animals separated into groups: EP, no treatment; 5FU, systemic administration of 5-FU (80 and 40 mg/kg); 5FU/scaling and root planing (SRP), systemic application of 5-FU and SRP; 5FU/SRP/LLLT, systemic application of 5-FU, SRP, and LLLT (660 nm, 0.035 W; 29.4 J/cm2); and 5FU/SRP/aPDT, systemic application of 5-FU, SRP, and aPDT (methylene blue irrigation and LLLT). The animals were euthanized 7, 15, and 30 days after treatments. Histological sections from mandibles were processed for histomorphometric and immunohistochemical analysis (TRAP, RANKL, OPG, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10). The alveolar bone loss (BL) area in the furcation region of the mandibular first molar was analyzed histometrically. RESULTS There was less bone loss in 5FU/SRP/aPDT compared with 5FU at 7 days (p < 0.05). The immunohistochemical analysis showed no significant difference for TRAP and osteoprotegerin, but lower RANKL immunolabeling was observed in the 5FU/SRP/LLLT and 5FU/SRP/aPDT groups compared with the 5FU group at 15 days. There was lower TNF-α and IL-6 immunolabeling in the 5FU/SRP/LLLT and 5FU/SRP/aPDT groups and higher IL-10 immunolabeling in 5FU/SRP/aPDT at 30 days. CONCLUSION LLLT and aPDT adjuvant to SRP minimized the effects of 5-FU on periodontal disease. Furthermore, aPDT promoted greater benefits in bone loss control and inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Helena Theodoro
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.
| | - Mariéllen Longo
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Vivian Cristina Noronha Novaes
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniela Maria Janjacomo Miessi
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcio Luiz Ferro-Alves
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Edilson Ervolino
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Basic Science, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliano Milanezi de Almeida
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Valdir Gouveia Garcia
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
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Schepper JD, Irwin R, Kang J, Dagenais K, Lemon T, Shinouskis A, Parameswaran N, McCabe LR. Probiotics in Gut-Bone Signaling. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1033:225-247. [PMID: 29101658 PMCID: PMC5762128 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-66653-2_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal environment is linked to an array of conditions and diseases, including osteoporosis. Human and animal studies indicate that probiotics can benefit intestinal health and may provide a useful therapeutic to prevent and/or treat bone loss. Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms that when administered in adequate amounts will confer a health benefit on the host. In this review, we will focus on (1) probiotics (definition, history, nomenclature, types), (2) the effects of probiotics on bone health, and (3) mechanisms of probiotic prevention of bone pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Regina Irwin
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Jun Kang
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Kevin Dagenais
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Tristan Lemon
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Ally Shinouskis
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Narayanan Parameswaran
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
- Comparative Medicine and Integrative Biology Program, East Lansing, MI, USA.
| | - Laura R McCabe
- Department of Physiology and Department of Radiology, Biomedical Imaging Research Centre, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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Cui D, Li H, Lei L, Chen C, Yan F. Nonsurgical periodontal treatment reduced aortic inflammation in ApoE(-/-) mice with periodontitis. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:940. [PMID: 27386384 PMCID: PMC4929118 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-2637-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Although the correlation between periodontal infection and atherosclerotic lesions has been well recognized, whether and how the nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) can improve the vascular inflammation has not been investigated clearly. Methods Thirty-two apolipoprotein E−/− (apoE−/−) mice were randomly divided into four groups: (1) Con group: no treatment, blank control group; (2) Lig group: ligature-induced-periodontitis group; (3) Lig-N group: ligatures were removed on the 7th day; (4) Lig-SRP group: ligatures were removed on the 7th day, and scaling and root planing (SRP) were performed on the 9th day. All the animals were euthanized on the 30th day. Alveolar bone loss (ABL) was assessed under microcomputed tomography. Systemic inflammatory status and lipid contents in the plasma were detected. Expression of several surrogate markers for vascular inflammation was evaluated by immunohistology and quantitative real time PCR. Results NSPT reduced ABL, improved lipid profile, and inhibited systemic inflammation with reduced plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) level in apoE−/− mice; in addition, reduced inflammation in arterial wall was observed in NSPT treated mice, showing less vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression and less macrophage adhesion; furthermore, NSPT improved elastic fiber fragmentation disorder in the aortic wall, thus preserved elasticity of aortic artery. Conclusion Ligature-induced periodontitis can lead to inflammatory response in the vascular wall and NSPT has beneficial effect on the early stage of atherosclerosis process in the articular wall by reducing systemic inflammation and improving lipid profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Cui
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Zhong Yang Road, Nanjing, 210008 Jiangsu People's Republic of China
| | - Houxuan Li
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Zhong Yang Road, Nanjing, 210008 Jiangsu People's Republic of China
| | - Lang Lei
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Zhong Yang Road, Nanjing, 210008 Jiangsu People's Republic of China
| | - Changxing Chen
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Zhong Yang Road, Nanjing, 210008 Jiangsu People's Republic of China
| | - Fuhua Yan
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Zhong Yang Road, Nanjing, 210008 Jiangsu People's Republic of China
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Iqbal J, Yuen T, Sun L, Zaidi M. From the gut to the strut: where inflammation reigns, bone abstains. J Clin Invest 2016; 126:2045-8. [PMID: 27111233 DOI: 10.1172/jci87430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this issue of the JCI, Li et al. show that germ-free mice, when chemically castrated, do not lose bone - a finding that unequivocally establishes a role of gut microbiota in mediating hypogonadal bone loss. Additionally and not unexpectedly, probiotics reversed hypogonadal osteopenia in sex steroid-deficient mice by preventing the disruption of gut barrier function and dampening cytokine-induced inflammation. The authors propose that TNFα is a key mediator; however, it is very likely that other molecules - including IL-1, IL-6, IL-17, RANKL, OPG, and CCL2 - modulate probiotic action. The results of this study highlight the potential for repurposing probiotics for the therapy of osteoporosis. Future placebo-controlled clinical trials will be required to establish safety and efficacy of probiotics in reducing fracture risk in people.
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43
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McCabe L, Britton RA, Parameswaran N. Prebiotic and Probiotic Regulation of Bone Health: Role of the Intestine and its Microbiome. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2015; 13:363-71. [PMID: 26419466 PMCID: PMC4623939 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-015-0292-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in our understanding of how the intestinal microbiome contributes to health and disease have generated great interest in developing strategies for modulating the abundance of microbes and/or their activity to improve overall human health and prevent pathologies such as osteoporosis. Bone is an organ that the gut has long been known to regulate through absorption of calcium, the key bone mineral. However, it is clear that modulation of the gut and its microbiome can affect bone density and strength in a variety of animal models (zebrafish, rodents, chicken) and humans. This is demonstrated in studies ablating the microbiome through antibiotic treatment or using germ-free mouse conditions as well as in studies modulating the microbiome activity and composition through prebiotic and/or probiotic treatment. This review will discuss recent developments in this new and exciting area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura McCabe
- Department of Physiology, Biomedical Imaging Research Center, Michigan State University, Biomedical Physical Science Building, 567 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
- Department of Radiology, Biomedical Imaging Research Center, Michigan State University, Biomedical Physical Science Building, 846 Service Road, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
| | - Robert A Britton
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Narayanan Parameswaran
- Department of Physiology, Biomedical Imaging Research Center, Michigan State University, Biomedical Physical Science Building, 567 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
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