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Kirkwood KL, Van Dyke TE, Kirkwood CL, Zhang L, Panezai J, Duran-Pinedo AE, Figgins EL, Ryan LK, Frias-Lopez JJ, Diamond G. Topical Vitamin D Prevents Bone Loss and Inflammation in a Mouse Model. J Dent Res 2024; 103:908-915. [PMID: 39104028 DOI: 10.1177/00220345241259417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a strong association between vitamin D levels and periodontal disease based on numerous epidemiological studies. We have previously shown that experimental deficiency of serum vitamin D in mice leads to gingival inflammation and alveolar bone loss. Treatment of cultured oral epithelial cells with the active form of vitamin D, 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3), inhibits the extracellular growth and intracellular invasion of bacteria associated with periodontal disease. Maintenance of periodontal health may be due in part to the anti-inflammatory activities of vitamin D. Furthermore, this hormone can induce the expression of an antimicrobial peptide in cultured oral epithelial cells. We have shown that oral epithelial cells are capable of converting inactive vitamin D to the active form, suggesting that topical treatment of the oral epithelium with inactive vitamin D could prevent the development of periodontitis. We subjected mice to ligature-induced periodontitis (LIP), followed by daily treatment with inactive vitamin D or 1,25(OH)2D3. Treatment with both forms led to a reduction in ligature-induced bone loss and inflammation. Gingival tissues obtained from vitamin D-treated LIP showed production of specialized proresolving mediators (SPM) of inflammation. To examine the mechanism, we demonstrated that apical treatment of 3-dimensional cultures of primary gingival epithelial cells with vitamin D prevented lipopolysaccharide-induced secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and led to a similar production of SPM. Analysis of the oral microbiome of the mice treated with vitamin D showed significant changes in resident bacteria, which reflects a shift toward health-associated species. Together, our results show that topical treatment of oral tissues with inactive vitamin D can lead to the maintenance of periodontal health through the regulation of a healthy microbiome and the stimulation of resolution of inflammation. This strongly supports the development of a safe and effective vitamin D-based topical treatment or preventive agent for periodontal inflammation and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Kirkwood
- Department of Oral Biology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - T E Van Dyke
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Faculty of Medicine, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - C L Kirkwood
- Department of Oral Biology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - L Zhang
- Department of Oral Biology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - J Panezai
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - A E Duran-Pinedo
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - E L Figgins
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - L K Ryan
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Center for Predictive Medicine for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - J J Frias-Lopez
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - G Diamond
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, USA
- Center for Predictive Medicine for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
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Olszewska AM, Zmijewski MA. Genomic and non-genomic action of vitamin D on ion channels - Targeting mitochondria. Mitochondrion 2024; 77:101891. [PMID: 38692383 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2024.101891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Recent studies revealed that mitochondria are not only a place of vitamin D3 metabolism but also direct or indirect targets of its activities. This review summarizes current knowledge on the regulation of ion channels from plasma and mitochondrial membranes by the active form of vitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3). 1,25(OH)2D3, is a naturally occurring hormone with pleiotropic activities; implicated in the modulation of cell differentiation, and proliferation and in the prevention of various diseases, including cancer. Many experimental data indicate that 1,25(OH)2D3 deficiency induces ionic remodeling and 1,25(OH)2D3 regulates the activity of multiple ion channels. There are two main theories on how 1,25(OH)2D3 can modify the function of ion channels. First, describes the involvement of genomic pathways of response to 1,25(OH)2D3 in the regulation of the expression of the genes encoding channels, their auxiliary subunits, or additional regulators. Interestingly, intracellular ion channels, like mitochondrial, are encoded by the same genes as plasma membrane channels. Therefore, the comprehensive genomic regulation of the channels from these two different cellular compartments we analyzed using a bioinformatic approach. The second theory explores non-genomic pathways of vitamin D3 activities. It was shown, that 1,25(OH)2D3 indirectly regulates enzymes that impact ion channels, change membrane physical properties, or directly bind to channel proteins. In this article, the involvement of genomic and non-genomic pathways regulated by 1,25(OH)2D3 in the modulation of the levels and activity of plasma membrane and mitochondrial ion channels was investigated by an extensive review of the literature and analysis of the transcriptomic data using bioinformatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Olszewska
- Department of Histology, Medical University of Gdansk, 1a Debinki, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - M A Zmijewski
- Department of Histology, Medical University of Gdansk, 1a Debinki, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland.
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Ebersole JL, Kirakodu SS, Nguyen LM, Gonzalez OA. Transcriptomic features of programmed and inflammatory cell death in gingival tissues. Oral Dis 2024. [PMID: 38623775 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The local gingival tissue environment with homeostasis and tissue-destructive events of periodontitis demonstrates major changes in histological features and biology of the oral/sulcular epithelium, fibroblasts, vascular cells, inflammatory cell infiltration, and alveolar bone. OBJECTIVE This study used an experimental periodontitis model to detail the gingival transcriptome related to cell death processes of pyroptosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, and cuproptosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Healthy Macaca mulatta primates stratified by age, ≤3 years (young), 7-12 years (adolescent), 12-15 years (adult), and 17-23 years (aged), provided gingival tissue biopsies for microarray analysis focused on 257 genes representative of the four cell death processes and bacterial plaque samples for 16S rRNA gene analysis. RESULTS Age differences in the profiles of gene expression in healthy tissues were noted for cuproptosis, ferroptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis. Major differences were then observed with disease initiation, progression, and resolution also related to the age of the animals. Distinct bacterial families/consortia of species were significantly related to the gene expression differences for the cell death pathways. CONCLUSIONS These results emphasized age-associated differences in the gingival tissue molecular response to changes in the quality and quantity of bacteria accumulating with the disease process reflected in regulated cell death pathways that are both physiological and pathophysiological.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey L Ebersole
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
| | - Sreenatha S Kirakodu
- Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Linh M Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
| | - Octavio A Gonzalez
- Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
- Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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Figgins EL, Arora P, Gao D, Porcelli E, Ahmed R, Daep CA, Keele G, Ryan LK, Diamond G. Enhancement of innate immunity in gingival epithelial cells by vitamin D and HDAC inhibitors. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2024; 5:1378566. [PMID: 38567313 PMCID: PMC10986367 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2024.1378566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The human host defense peptide LL-37 is a component of the innate immune defense mechanisms of the oral cavity against colonization by microbes associated with periodontal disease. We have previously shown that the active form of vitamin D, 1,25(OH)2D3, can induce the expression of LL-37 in gingival epithelial cells (GEC), and prevent the invasion and growth of periopathogenic bacteria in these cells. Further, experimental vitamin D deficiency resulted in increased gingival inflammation and alveolar bone loss. Epidemiological studies have shown associations between vitamin D deficiency and periodontal disease in humans, suggesting application of vitamin D could be a useful therapeutic approach. Further, since we have shown the local activation of vitamin D by enzymes expressed in the GEC, we hypothesized that we could observe this enhancement with the stable, and inexpensive inactive form of vitamin D, which could be further increased with epigenetic regulators. Methods We treated 3-dimensional primary cultures of GEC topically with the inactive form of vitamin D, in the presence and absence of selected histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors. LL-37 mRNA levels were quantified by quantitative RT-PCR, and inhibition of invasion of bacteria was measured by fluorescence microscopy. Results Vitamin D treatment led to an induction of LL-37 mRNA levels, as well as an inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion. This effect was further enhanced by HDAC inhibitors, most strongly when the HDAC inhibitor, phenyl butyrate (PBA) was combined with Vitamin D3. This was observed both in solution and in a prototype gel formulation using sodium butyrate. Finally, this combination treatment led to an increase in the antimicrobial activity against infection by Porphyromonas gingivalis and Filifactor alocis, bacteria associated with periodontal lesions, as well as herpes simplex virus, which has also been shown to be associated with periodontal lesions. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that a combination of inactive vitamin D and sodium butyrate could be developed as a safe treatment for periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika L. Figgins
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Payal Arora
- Global Technology Center, Colgate Palmolive Company, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Denny Gao
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Emily Porcelli
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Rabab Ahmed
- Global Technology Center, Colgate Palmolive Company, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Carlo Amorin Daep
- Global Technology Center, Colgate Palmolive Company, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Garrett Keele
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Lisa K. Ryan
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, United States
- Division of Infectious Disease and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Center for Predictive Medicine for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Gill Diamond
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, United States
- Center for Predictive Medicine for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
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Norlin M, Wikvall K. Enzymatic activation in vitamin D signaling - Past, present and future. Arch Biochem Biophys 2023; 742:109639. [PMID: 37196753 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D signaling is important in regulating calcium homeostasis essential for bone health but also displays other functions in cells of several tissues. Disturbed vitamin D signaling is linked to a large number of diseases. The multiple cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes catalyzing the different hydroxylations in bioactivation of vitamin D3 are crucial for vitamin D signaling and function. This review is focused on the progress achieved in identification of the bioactivating enzymes and their genes in production of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and other active metabolites. Results obtained on species- and tissue-specific expression, catalytic reactions, substrate specificity, enzyme kinetics, and consequences of gene mutations are evaluated. Matters of incomplete understanding regarding the physiological roles of some vitamin D hydroxylases are critically discussed and the authors will give their view of the importance of each enzyme for vitamin D signaling. Roles of different vitamin D receptors and an alternative bioactivation pathway, leading to 20-hydroxylated vitamin D3 metabolites, are also discussed. Considerable progress has been achieved in knowledge of the vitamin D3 bioactivating enzymes. Nevertheless, several intriguing areas deserve further attention to understand the pleiotropic and diverse activities elicited by vitamin D signaling and the mechanisms of enzymatic activation necessary for vitamin D-induced responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Norlin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Kjell Wikvall
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Chen X, Arias Z, Omori K, Yamamoto T, Shinoda-Ito Y, Takashiba S. Autophagy as a potential mechanism underlying the biological effect of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 on periodontitis: a narrative review. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:90. [PMID: 36782172 PMCID: PMC9923934 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02802-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The major active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D3), is known for its wide bioactivity in periodontal tissues. Although the exact mechanisms underlying its protective action against periodontitis remain unclear, recent studies have shown that 1,25D3 regulates autophagy. Autophagy is vital for intracellular pathogen invasion control, inflammation regulation, and bone metabolic balance in periodontal tissue homeostasis, and its regulation could be an interesting pathway for future periodontal studies. Since vitamin D deficiency is a worldwide health problem, its role as a potential regulator of autophagy provides new insights into periodontal diseases. Based on this premise, this narrative literature review aimed to investigate the possible connection between 1,25D3 and autophagy in periodontitis. A comprehensive literature search was conducted on PubMed using the following keywords (e.g., vitamin D, autophagy, periodontitis, pathogens, epithelial cells, immunity, inflammation, and bone loss). In this review, the latest studies on the protective action of 1,25D3 against periodontitis and the regulation of autophagy by 1,25D3 are summarized, and the potential role of 1,25D3-activated autophagy in the pathogenesis of periodontitis is analyzed. 1,25D3 can exert a protective effect against periodontitis through different signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of periodontitis, and at least part of this regulatory effect is achieved through the activation of the autophagic response. This review will help clarify the relationship between 1,25D3 and autophagy in the homeostasis of periodontal tissues and provide perspectives for researchers to optimize prevention and treatment strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Chen
- grid.261356.50000 0001 1302 4472Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-Cho, Kita-Ku, Okayama, Japan
| | - Zulema Arias
- grid.261356.50000 0001 1302 4472Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-Cho, Kita-Ku, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Omori
- grid.412342.20000 0004 0631 9477Department of Periodontics and Endodontics, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tadashi Yamamoto
- grid.261356.50000 0001 1302 4472Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-Cho, Kita-Ku, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yuki Shinoda-Ito
- grid.261356.50000 0001 1302 4472Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-Cho, Kita-Ku, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shogo Takashiba
- Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-Cho, Kita-Ku, Okayama, Japan.
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Zhu L, Zhou C, Chen S, Huang D, Jiang Y, Lan Y, Zou S, Li Y. Osteoporosis and Alveolar Bone Health in Periodontitis Niche: A Predisposing Factors-Centered Review. Cells 2022; 11:3380. [PMID: 36359775 PMCID: PMC9657655 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a periodontal inflammatory condition that results from disrupted periodontal host-microbe homeostasis, manifested by the destruction of tooth-supporting structures, especially inflammatory alveolar bone loss. Osteoporosis is characterized by systemic deterioration of bone mass and microarchitecture. The roles of many systemic factors have been identified in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis, including endocrine change, metabolic disorders, health-impaired behaviors and mental stress. The prevalence rate of osteoporotic fracture is in sustained elevation in the past decades. Recent studies suggest that individuals with concomitant osteoporosis are more vulnerable to periodontal impairment. Current reviews of worse periodontal status in the context of osteoporosis are limited, mainly centering on the impacts of menopausal and diabetic osteoporosis on periodontitis. Herein, this review article makes an effort to provide a comprehensive view of the relationship between osteoporosis and periodontitis, with a focus on clarifying how those risk factors in osteoporotic populations modify the alveolar bone homeostasis in the periodontitis niche.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yuyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Association between Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms and Periodontal Bacteria: A Clinical Pilot Study. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12060833. [PMID: 35740958 PMCID: PMC9221517 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease caused by microorganisms involving the supporting tissues of the teeth. Gene variants may influence both the composition of the biofilm in the oral cavity and the host response. The objective of the study was to investigate the potential correlations between the disease susceptibility, the presence and the quantity of periodontopathogenic oral bacterial composition and the VDR gene polymorphisms. Methods: Fifty (50) unrelated periodontal patients and forty-one (41) healthy controls were selected for genomic DNA extraction. DNA concentration was measured and analyzed. The periodontopathogenic bacterial species were identified and quantified using a Real Time PCR performed with species-specific primers and probes. Results: Genotype distribution showed a different distribution between the groups for BsmI rs1544410 genotypes (p = 0.0001) with a prevalence of the G(b) allele in periodontal patients (p = 0.0003). Statistical significance was also found for VDR TaqI rs731236 (p ≤ 0.00001) with a prevalence of the T(T) allele in periodontal patients (p ≤ 0.00001). The average bacterial copy count for the periodontitis group was significantly higher than that of control group. Dividing patients into two groups based on high or low bacterial load, FokI rs2228570 T allele (f) was statistically more represented in patients with high bacterial load. Conclusions: The findings of the study suggest the involvement of the VDR gene BsmI and TaqI polymorphisms in periodontal disease, while FokI and BsmI may be involved in determining an increased presence of periodontopathogens.
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Gong A, Liu Y, Xu F, Chu Y, Wu J, Goltzman D, Miao D. Role of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in alleviating alveolar bone loss and gingival inflammation in ligature-induced periodontitis. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:3079-3091. [PMID: 35702136 PMCID: PMC9185029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to assess if endogenous 1,25(OH)2D deficiency enhanced, whereas exogenous 1,25(OH)2D3 supplementation alleviated alveolar bone loss and gingival inflammation induced by ligature-induced periodontitis. METHODS A model of ligature-induced experimental periodontitis was generated in wild-type (WT) and Cyp27b1-knockout (KO) mice on a rescue diet (RD), and un-ligated genotype-matched littermates as control, or in WT mice on a normal diet (ND) with vehicle treatment or 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment, and un-ligated WT littermates as control. Alveolar bone mass and turnover, T cell infiltration and inflammatory cytokines in gingival tissues were examined. RESULTS In WT mice, ligature-induced alveolar bone loss occurred by inhibiting alveolar bone formation. This was characterized by reduction of osteoblast numbers, alkaline phosphatase activity and type I collagen synthesis, as well as by augmentation of osteoclastic alveolar bone resorption and gingival inflammation, including increases of osteoclast numbers, inflammatory positive cells and up-regulation of mRNA expression levels of inflammatory cytokines. Alveolar bone destruction and gingival inflammation were more severe in diet-matched Cyp27b1-KO mice than in WT littermates on RD. Supplementation of exogenous 1,25(OH)2D3 alleviated alveolar bone loss and gingival inflammation in ligated WT mice on ND, but those parameters did not reach levels observed in un-ligated WT ones. CONCLUSIONS Endogenous 1,25(OH)2D deficiency enhanced, whereas exogenous 1,25(OH)2D3 supplementation alleviated alveolar bone loss and gingival inflammation induced by ligature-induced periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aixiu Gong
- Department of Stomatology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, PR China
| | - Yining Liu
- Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, PR China
| | - Fangrong Xu
- Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, PR China
| | - Yiting Chu
- Department of Stomatology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, PR China
| | - Jun Wu
- Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, PR China
| | - David Goltzman
- Calcium Research Laboratory, McGill University Health Centre and Department of Medicine, McGill UniversityMontreal, Canada
| | - Dengshun Miao
- Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, PR China
- The Research Center for Aging, Affiliated Friendship Plastic Surgery Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, PR China
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10
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Wu DD, Ngowi EE, Zhai YK, Wang YZ, Khan NH, Kombo AF, Khattak S, Li T, Ji XY. Role of Hydrogen Sulfide in Oral Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1886277. [PMID: 35116090 PMCID: PMC8807043 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1886277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oral diseases are among the most common human diseases yet less studied. These diseases affect both the physical, mental, and social health of the patients resulting in poor quality of life. They affect all ages, although severe stages are mostly observed in older individuals. Poor oral hygiene, genetics, and environmental factors contribute enormously to the development and progression of these diseases. Although there are available treatment options for these diseases, the recurrence of the diseases hinders their efficiency. Oral volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) are highly produced in oral cavity as a result of bacteria activities. Together with bacteria components such as lipopolysaccharides, VSCs participate in the progression of oral diseases by regulating cellular activities and interfering with the immune response. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gaseous neurotransmitter primarily produced endogenously and is involved in the regulation of cellular activities. The gas is also among the VSCs produced by oral bacteria. In numerous diseases, H2S have been reported to have dual effects depending on the cell, concentration, and donor used. In oral diseases, high production and subsequent utilization of this gas have been reported. Also, this high production is associated with the progression of oral diseases. In this review, we will discuss the production of H2S in oral cavity, its interaction with cellular activities, and most importantly its role in oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Dong Wu
- School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- Kaifeng Municipal Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan Provincial Engineering Centre for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Ebenezeri Erasto Ngowi
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- Kaifeng Municipal Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan Provincial Engineering Centre for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Dar es Salaam University College of Education, Dar es Salaam 2329, Tanzania
| | - Yuan-Kun Zhai
- School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Yi-Zhen Wang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- Kaifeng Municipal Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan Provincial Engineering Centre for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Nazeer Hussain Khan
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Ahmad Fadhil Kombo
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Saadullah Khattak
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Tao Li
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Infection and Biological Safety, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Xin-Ying Ji
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Infection and Biological Safety, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
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Baumeister SE, Reckelkamm SL, Baurecht H, Nolde M, Kocher T, Holtfreter B, Ehmke B, Hannemann A. A Mendelian randomization study on the effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels on periodontitis. J Periodontol 2021; 93:1243-1249. [PMID: 34939682 DOI: 10.1002/jper.21-0463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD) levels have been proposed to protect against periodontitis based on in vitro and observational studies but evidence from long-term randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is lacking. This study tested whether genetically proxied 25OHD is associated with periodontitis using Mendelian randomization (MR). METHOD Genetic variants strongly associated with 25OHD in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 417,580 participants of European ancestry were used as instrumental variables, and linked to GWAS summary data of 17,353 periodontitis cases and 28,210 controls. In addition to the main analysis using an inverse variance weighted (IVW) model, we applied additional robust methods to control for pleiotropy. We also undertook sensitivity analyses excluding single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) used as instruments with potential pleiotropic effects and used a second 25OHD GWAS for replication. We identified 288 SNPs to be genome-wide significant for 25OHD, explaining 7.0% of the variance of 25OHD levels and providing ≥90% power to detect an odds ratio (OR) of ≤ 0.97. RESULTS MR analysis suggested that a 1 standard deviation increase in natural log-transformed 25OHD was not associated with periodontitis risk (IVW OR = 1.04; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.97-1.12; P-value = 0.297). The robust models, replication, and sensitivity analyses were coherent with the primary analysis. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our findings suggest that 25OHD levels are unlikely to have a substantial effect on the risk of periodontitis, but large long-term RCTs are needed to derive definitive evidence on the causal role of 25OHD in periodontitis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefan Lars Reckelkamm
- Institute of Health Services Research in Dentistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Hansjörg Baurecht
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Nolde
- Institute of Health Services Research in Dentistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Chair of Epidemiology, University of Augsburg, Germany.,Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology - IBE, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Kocher
- Unit of Periodontology, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, and Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Birte Holtfreter
- Unit of Periodontology, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, and Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Benjamin Ehmke
- Clinic for Periodontology and Conservative Dentistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Anke Hannemann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, D-17489, Germany
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12
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Wang L, Zhang T, Zhang Z, Wang Z, Zhou YJ, Wang Z. B cell activating factor regulates periodontitis development by suppressing inflammatory responses in macrophages. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:426. [PMID: 34481478 PMCID: PMC8418735 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01788-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background B cell activating factor (BAFF) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily with immunomodulatory effects on both innate and adaptive immune responses. Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease characterized by periodontal soft tissue inflammation and the progressive loss of periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. Macrophages are closely related to periodontitis progression. However, the role of BAFF in periodontitis development and macrophage polarization and the underlying mechanism remain unknown. Methods In vivo, a ligation-induced mouse model of periodontitis for BAFF blockade was established to investigate the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) through real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry. In addition, the level of TNF-α in the periodontium, the number of osteoclasts, and alveolar bone resorption were observed. In vitro, RAW 264.7 macrophage cells were treated with 100 ng/mL Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (P. gingivalis LPS) in either the presence or absence of 50 nM small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting BAFF, followed by further incubation for 24 h. These cells and supernatants were collected and stored for RT-PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blotting and immunofluorescence microscopy. Results In vivo, BAFF blockade decreased the levels of TNF-α in the periodontium in a ligature-induced mouse periodontitis model. Reduced osteoclast formation and lower alveolar bone loss were also observed. In addition, BAFF blockade was related to the expression of polarization signature molecules in macrophages. In vitro, BAFF knockdown notably suppressed the production of TNF-α in RAW 264.7 cells stimulated by P. gingivalis LPS. Moreover, BAFF knockdown attenuated the polarization of RAW 264.7 cells into classically activated macrophages (M1), with reduced expression of iNOS. Conclusions Based on our limited evidence, we showed BAFF blockade exhibits potent anti-inflammatory properties in mice experimental periodontitis in vivo and in P. gingivalis LPS-treated RAW 264.7 cells in vitro, and macrophage polarization may be responsible for this effect. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-021-01788-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8th Gongti South Road, Beijing, 100020, China.,International Medical Center, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School Medicine, Nankai University, 75th Dagu North Road, Tianjin, 300041, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, 75th Dagu North Road, Tianjin, 300041, China
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Yingze, Taiyuan, 030001, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- International Medical Center, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School Medicine, Nankai University, 75th Dagu North Road, Tianjin, 300041, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, 75th Dagu North Road, Tianjin, 300041, China
| | - Zihan Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Beijing Key Laboratory for Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Department of Oncology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Jie Zhou
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Beijing Key Laboratory for Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Department of Oncology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Zuomin Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8th Gongti South Road, Beijing, 100020, China.
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13
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Diamond G, Figgins EL, Robinson T, Senitko M, Abraham GE, Williams HB, Sloan M, Owings A, Laird H, Pride Y, Wilson KJ, Hasan M, Parker A, Glover SC. Examination of gene expression in saliva samples from COVID-19 patients to study the host defense response against SARS-CoV-2 in the oral cavity. Mol Oral Microbiol 2021; 36:157-158. [PMID: 34527214 PMCID: PMC8437136 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gill Diamond
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Erika L. Figgins
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Tanya Robinson
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Michal Senitko
- Pulmonary Division, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - George E. Abraham
- Pulmonary Division, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Haley B. Williams
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Meredith Sloan
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Anna Owings
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Hannah Laird
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Yilianys Pride
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Kenneth J. Wilson
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Mohammad Hasan
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Adam Parker
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Sarah C. Glover
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
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14
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Liu K, Han B, Hou J, Zhang J, Su J, Meng H. Expression of vitamin D 1α-hydroxylase in human gingival fibroblasts in vivo. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10279. [PMID: 33505780 PMCID: PMC7789863 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D 1α-hydroxylase CYP27B1 is the key factor in the vitamin D pathway. Previously, we analyzed the expression of CYP27B1 in human gingival fibroblasts in vitro. In the present study, we analyzed the gingival expression of CYP27B1 in vivo. Methods Forty-two patients with periodontitis Stage IV Grade C and 33 controls were recruited. All patients with periodontitis had unsalvageable teeth and part of the wall of the periodontal pocket was resected and obtained after tooth extraction. All controls needed crown-lengthening surgery, and samples of gingiva resected during surgery were also harvested. All the individuals' gingivae were used for immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. In addition, gingivae from seventeen subjects of the diseased group and twelve subjects of the control group were analyzed by real-time PCR. Results Expression of CYP27B1 was detected both in gingival epithelia and in gingival connective tissues, and the expression in connective tissues colocalized with vimentin, indicating that CYP27B1 protein is expressed in gingival fibroblasts. The expression of CYP27B1 mRNA in gingival connective tissues and the CYP27B1 staining scores in gingival fibroblasts in the diseased group were significantly higher than those in the control group. Conclusions Expression of CYP27B1 in human gingival tissues was detected, not only in the fibroblasts of gingival connective tissues, but also in the gingival epithelial cells, and might be positively correlated with periodontal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaining Liu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Han
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxia Hou
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jianyun Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Su
- Department of Pathology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Huanxin Meng
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
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15
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Zhang C, Liu K, Hou J. Extending the vitamin D pathway to vitamin D 3 and CYP27A1 in periodontal ligament cells. J Periodontol 2020; 92:44-53. [PMID: 33107041 DOI: 10.1002/jper.20-0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In periodontal connective tissue cells, the vitamin D pathway has been elucidated, and vitamin D3 in the main storage form, 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 (25[OH]D3 ), and the functional form, 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 (1,25[OH]2 D3 ), have been found to induce the expression of human cationic antimicrobial protein (hCAP-18)/LL-37. Moreover, synergistic effects between Toll-like receptor agonists and 25(OH)D3 have been reported. This research aimed at extending the vitamin D pathway to vitamin D3 and CYP27A1 in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) to further explore its function in periodontal inflammatory reaction. METHODS Vitamin D3 was used to stimulate hPDLCs in the presence or absence of Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (Pg-LPS). Conversely, CYP27A1 RNA interference was performed to further validate the findings. The mRNA expression of hCAP-18 was determined with real-time polymerase chain reaction. Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were also detected. The cell supernatant levels of LL-37 were detected with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Vitamin D3 significantly enhanced the generation of hCAP-18/LL-37. A combination of Pg-LPS and vitamin D3 significantly promoted hCAP-18/LL-37 expression. When the expression of CYP27A1 was knocked down with RNA interference, the induction of hCAP-18/LL-37 expression was significantly inhibited. Therefore, the mRNA levels of MCP-1 and IL-8 in hPDLCs were significantly decreased through the vitamin D pathway. CONCLUSION The vitamin D pathway from vitamin D3 to hCAP-18/LL-37 exists in hPDLCs, and CYP27A1 might be involved in periodontal immune defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Churen Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Kaining Liu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxia Hou
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
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16
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Niu L, Chen S, Yang X, Ma C, Pan C, Wang H, Li Q, Geng F, Tang X. Vitamin D decreases Porphyromonas gingivalis internalized into macrophages by promoting autophagy. Oral Dis 2020; 27:1775-1788. [PMID: 33098722 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This paper aims to study the effect of the active form of vitamin D (calcitriol) on the internalized Porphyromonas gingivalis in macrophages and to assess the role of autophagy during this process. MATERIALS AND METHODS Quantitative RT-PCR and bacteria culture were used to quantify live P. gingivalis internalized into U937-derived macrophages. Western blot assays were performed to detect the effect of P. gingivalis and calcitriol on autophagy in macrophages. Transmission electron microscope was used to observe the effect of calcitriol on the status of internalized P. gingivalis. Colocalization of P. gingivalis with the autophagosome and lysosome markers was observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. RESULTS Calcitriol caused a dose-dependent decrease in live P. gingivalis numbers and promoted both the endogenous and P. gingivalis-induced autophagy in macrophages. Calcitriol significantly promoted the destruction of P. gingivalis and the colocalization of P. gingivalis with autophagosome and lysosome markers. Conversely, with 3-MA, live P. gingivalis numbers in macrophages increased significantly and inhibition effect of calcitriol on the number of live P. gingivalis was attenuated. CONCLUSION In U937-derived macrophages, calcitriol may promote colocalization of P. gingivalis with autophagosomes and lysosomes, namely autophagy process, to degrade live P. gingivalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Niu
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuangshuang Chen
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chunliang Ma
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chunling Pan
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qian Li
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fengxue Geng
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaolin Tang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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17
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Khan S, Ahad A. Application of adjunct vitamin D supplementation in the management of periodontal disease: A three-pronged approach. J Dent Sci 2020; 16:534-535. [PMID: 33384844 PMCID: PMC7770248 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2020.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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18
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Ji S, Choi Y. Microbial and Host Factors That Affect Bacterial Invasion of the Gingiva. J Dent Res 2020; 99:1013-1020. [PMID: 32392459 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520922134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammation of the periodontium caused by the loss of homeostasis between subgingival biofilms and susceptible hosts. Bacterial invasion into the gingival tissue and persistent infection are major events that lead to chronic inflammation. The intratissue bacterial communities are as complex as the subgingival biofilms and can also form biofilm-like structures, which will serve as a reservoir for local and systemic infections. The epithelium forms physical, chemical, and immunological barriers against invading microbes. Nevertheless, many bacterial species can invade the gingival epithelium through transcellular and paracellular pathways. In addition, both genetic and environmental factors of the hosts can affect epithelial barrier functions and thus bacterial invasion of the gingiva. In this review, current evidence for the bacterial invasion of the gingival tissue in periodontitis has been summarized, and the microbial and host factors that determine bacterial invasion of the gingiva have been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ji
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Oral Health Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Choi
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, BK21 CLS, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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19
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Gao W, Tang H, Wang D, Zhou X, Song Y, Wang Z. Effect of short‐term vitamin D supplementation after nonsurgical periodontal treatment: A randomized, double‐masked, placebo‐controlled clinical trial. J Periodontal Res 2020; 55:354-362. [PMID: 31960448 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Gao
- Department of Stomatology Beijing Chao‐yang Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Huilin Tang
- Department of Epidemiology Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health Indiana University Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Danyang Wang
- Department of Stomatology Beijing Chao‐yang Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Stomatology Beijing Chao‐yang Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Yiqing Song
- Department of Epidemiology Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health Indiana University Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Zuomin Wang
- Department of Stomatology Beijing Chao‐yang Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
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20
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Wang X, Wang H, Zhang T, Cai L, Kong C, He J. Current Knowledge Regarding the Interaction Between Oral Bone Metabolic Disorders and Diabetes Mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:536. [PMID: 32903738 PMCID: PMC7438828 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, a major chronic disease affecting human health, has been increasing in prevalence in recent years. Diabetes mellitus can cause bone metabolic disorders in patients, leading to osteoporosis, a higher risk of traumatic fracture, and other bone diseases. Bone metabolic disorders in the oral cavity principally manifest as periodontitis, loss of alveolar bone, and failure of implant osseointegration. In recent years, numerous studies have shown that there is a complex interaction between bone metabolic disorders and diabetes mellitus. This paper reviews the adverse effects of diabetes on oral bone metabolism disorders such as alveolar osteoporosis and bone loss in patients with periodontitis, discusses the potential mechanisms of diabetic bone loss, and suggests potential ways to prevent and treat oral bone loss in patients with diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Research Institute, The University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Huiyu Wang
- Department of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tianfu Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lu Cai
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Research Institute, The University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Chenfei Kong
- Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Chenfei Kong
| | - Jinting He
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jinting He
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21
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Zhang Z, Yuan W, Deng J, Wang D, Zhang T, Peng L, Tian H, Wang Z, Ma J. Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) regulates neutrophils infiltration and periodontal tissue destruction in an experimental periodontitis. Mol Immunol 2019; 117:110-121. [PMID: 31765840 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Although granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(G-CSF) has pathogenic roles in several immune inflammatory diseases, its role in periodontitis has not been investigated. Here we detected local expression of G-CSF using public datasets in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and immune cell infiltration into gingival tissue was estimated based on single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA). G-CSF expression and neutrophil infiltration were also confirmed by human gingival biopsies analysis. Moreover, anti-G-CSF neutralizing antibody was locally administrated to investigate the effects of G-CSF neutralization on neutrophils infiltration and periodontal tissue destruction in periodontitis mice model. Two public datasets (GSE10334 and GSE16134), which included 424 patients with periodontitis and 133 health controls, were used in the analysis. Markedly increased immune cell infiltration and G-CSF expression in gingival tissues were found in the periodontitis group as compared to the control group. The higher expression of G-CSF was correlated with higher infiltration of immune cells, especially with neutrophil infiltration. Analysis of gingival biopsies further confirmed high neutrophil infiltration and G-CSF expression. In addition, anti-G-CSF antibody-treated mice with periodontitis showed significantly reduced alveolar bone resorption and neutrophil infiltration when compared with periodontitis mice treated with isotype control antibody. Also, anti-G-CSF antibody treatment significantly reduced mRNA expression of CXC chemokines (CXCL1, CXCL2 and CXCL3), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-6, matrix metalloproteinases 9, receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand/osteoprotegerin (RANKL/OPG) ratio and osteoclasts number in periodontal tissues. In summary, neutrophil infiltration and G-CSF expression levels were significantly increased in inflamed gingival tissues. G-CSF neutralization in periodontal inflammation could alleviate neutrophil infiltration and periodontal tissue destruction in experimental periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8th Gongti South Road, Beijing, 100020, China; Department of Periodontology, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, Hospital of Stomatology, Nankai University, 75th Dagu North Road, Tianjin, 300000, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 17(th) Panjiayuan Nanli, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Junjie Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 17(th) Panjiayuan Nanli, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Danyang Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8th Gongti South Road, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, 56th Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Li Peng
- Department of Stomatology, The Third People's Hospital of Datong City, 1th Wenchang Road, Datong, 037008, China
| | - Huan Tian
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8th Gongti South Road, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Zuomin Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8th Gongti South Road, Beijing, 100020, China.
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Biotherapy, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1th Dongdan Dahua Road, Beijing, 100730, China.
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