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Dysregulated haemostasis in thrombo-inflammatory disease. Clin Sci (Lond) 2022; 136:1809-1829. [PMID: 36524413 PMCID: PMC9760580 DOI: 10.1042/cs20220208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory disease is often associated with an increased incidence of venous thromboembolism in affected patients, although in most instances, the mechanistic basis for this increased thrombogenicity remains poorly understood. Acute infection, as exemplified by sepsis, malaria and most recently, COVID-19, drives 'immunothrombosis', where the immune defence response to capture and neutralise invading pathogens causes concurrent activation of deleterious prothrombotic cellular and biological responses. Moreover, dysregulated innate and adaptive immune responses in patients with chronic inflammatory conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease, allergies, and neurodegenerative disorders, are now recognised to occur in parallel with activation of coagulation. In this review, we describe the detailed cellular and biochemical mechanisms that cause inflammation-driven haemostatic dysregulation, including aberrant contact pathway activation, increased tissue factor activity and release, innate immune cell activation and programmed cell death, and T cell-mediated changes in thrombus resolution. In addition, we consider how lifestyle changes increasingly associated with modern life, such as circadian rhythm disruption, chronic stress and old age, are increasingly implicated in unbalancing haemostasis. Finally, we describe the emergence of potential therapies with broad-ranging immunothrombotic functions, and how drug development in this area is challenged by our nascent understanding of the key molecular and cellular parameters that control the shared nodes of proinflammatory and procoagulant pathways. Despite the increasing recognition and understanding of the prothrombotic nature of inflammatory disease, significant challenges remain in effectively managing affected patients, and new therapeutic approaches to curtail the key pathogenic steps in immune response-driven thrombosis are urgently required.
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Wang S, Huang J, Tan KS, Deng L, Liu F, Tan W. Isosteviol Sodium Ameliorates Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Chronic Colitis through the Regulation of Metabolic Profiling, Macrophage Polarization, and NF- κB Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4636618. [PMID: 35126813 PMCID: PMC8813272 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4636618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) constitute a group of chronic intestinal conditions prominently featuring deranged metabolism. Effective pharmacological treatments for IBDs are lacking. Isosteviol sodium (STV-Na) exhibits anti-inflammatory activity and may offer therapeutic benefits in chronic colitis. However, the associated mechanism remains unclear. This study is aimed at exploring the therapeutic effects of STV-Na against chronic colitis in terms of metabolic reprogramming and macrophage polarization. Results show that STV-Na attenuated weight loss and colonic pathological damage and restored the hematological and biochemical parameters in chronic colitis mice models. STV-Na also restored intestinal permeability by increasing the goblet cell numbers, which was accompanied by lowered plasma lipopolysaccharide and diamine oxidase levels. Metabolomic analysis highlighted 102 candidate biomarkers and 5 vital pathways that may be crucial in the potential pharmacological mechanism of STV-Na in regulating intestinal inflammation and oxidative stress. These pathways were glycerophospholipid metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, the pentose phosphate pathway, and phosphonate and phosphinate metabolism. Furthermore, STV-Na significantly decreased M1 macrophage polarization in the spleen and colon. The mRNA and protein levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and NF-κB/p65 in colonic tissue from the colitis mice were decreased after the STV-Na treatment. Overall, STV-Na could alleviate chronic colitis by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation levels, reprogramming the metabolic profile, inhibiting macrophage polarization, and suppressing the NF-κB/p65 signaling pathway. STV-Na remains a promising candidate drug for treating IBDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanping Wang
- 1Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiandong Huang
- 1Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Keai Sinn Tan
- 2College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- 3Post-Doctoral Innovation Site, Jinan University Affiliation, Yuanzhi Health Technology Co, Ltd., Hengqin New District, Zhuhai, Guangdong 51900, China
| | - Liangjun Deng
- 1Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fei Liu
- 1Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wen Tan
- 3Post-Doctoral Innovation Site, Jinan University Affiliation, Yuanzhi Health Technology Co, Ltd., Hengqin New District, Zhuhai, Guangdong 51900, China
- 4Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
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Incidence, risk factors and clinical outcome of venous thromboembolism in non-small cell lung cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibition. THROMBOSIS UPDATE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tru.2021.100056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Pęczek P, Leśniewski M, Mazurek T, Szarpak L, Filipiak KJ, Gąsecka A. Antiplatelet Effects of PCSK9 Inhibitors in Primary Hypercholesterolemia. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11060466. [PMID: 34071103 PMCID: PMC8224623 DOI: 10.3390/life11060466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors are a novel group of hypolipidemic drugs that are recommended particularly for high-risk hypercholesterolemia patients, including those with primary hypercholesterolemia (PH), where lifelong exposure to high low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels results in an elevated risk of atherosclerosis at an early age. The onset and progression of atherosclerosis is significantly influenced by activated platelets. Oxidized LDL influences platelet activation by interacting with their surface receptors and remodeling the composition of their cell membrane. This results in platelet aggregation, endothelial cell activation, promotion of inflammation and oxidative stress, and acceleration of lipid accumulation in atherosclerotic plaques. PCSK9 inhibitors reduce platelet activation by both significantly lowering LDL levels and reducing the LDL receptor-mediated activation of platelets by PCSK9. They also work synergistically with other hypolipidemic and antithrombotic drugs, including statins, ezetimibe, acetylsalicylic acid, clopidogrel, and ticagrelor, which enhances their antiplatelet and LDL-lowering effects. In this review, we summarize the currently available evidence on platelet hyperreactivity in PH, the effects of PCSK9 inhibitors on platelets, and their synergism with other drugs used in PH therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Pęczek
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 00-927 Warsaw, Poland; (P.P.); (M.L.); (T.M.); (K.J.F.)
| | - Mateusz Leśniewski
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 00-927 Warsaw, Poland; (P.P.); (M.L.); (T.M.); (K.J.F.)
| | - Tomasz Mazurek
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 00-927 Warsaw, Poland; (P.P.); (M.L.); (T.M.); (K.J.F.)
| | - Lukasz Szarpak
- Department of Research Outcomes, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Medical Academy in Warsaw, 03-411 Warsaw, Poland;
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie Bialystok Oncology Center, Department of Research Outcomes, 15-027 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Krzysztof J. Filipiak
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 00-927 Warsaw, Poland; (P.P.); (M.L.); (T.M.); (K.J.F.)
| | - Aleksandra Gąsecka
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 00-927 Warsaw, Poland; (P.P.); (M.L.); (T.M.); (K.J.F.)
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-599-1951
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Tabll AA, Shahein YE, Omran MM, Elnakib MM, Ragheb AA, Amer KE. A review of monoclonal antibodies in COVID-19: Role in immunotherapy, vaccine development and viral detection. Hum Antibodies 2021; 29:179-191. [PMID: 33998533 DOI: 10.3233/hab-200441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The harmful COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus imposes the scientific community to develop or find conventional curative drugs, protective vaccines, or passive immune strategies rapidly and efficiently. Passive immunity is based on recovering hyper-immune plasma from convalescent patients, or monoclonal antibodies with elevated titer of neutralizing antibodies with high antiviral activity, that have potential for both treatment and prevention. In this review, we focused on researching the potentiality of monoclonal antibodies for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 infection. Our research review includes antibody-based immunotherapy, using human monoclonal antibodies targeting SARS-CoV-2 viral protein regions, specifically the spike protein regions, and using hyper-immune plasma from convalescent COVID-19 patients, in which monoclonal antibodies act as immunotherapy for the cytokine storm syndrome associated with the COVID-19 infection. In addition, we will demonstrate the role of the monoclonal antibodies in the development of candidate vaccines for SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, the recent progress of the diagnostic mouse monoclonal antibodies' role will be highlighted, as an accurate and rapid diagnostic assay, in the antigen detection of SARS-CoV-2. In brief, the monoclonal antibodies are the potential counter measures that may control SARS-CoV-2, which causes COVID-19 disease, through immunotherapy and vaccine development, as well as viral detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf A Tabll
- Egypt Center for Research and Regenerative Medicine (ECRRM), Cairo, Egypt
- Microbial Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
- Egypt Center for Research and Regenerative Medicine (ECRRM), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasser E Shahein
- Molecular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
- Egypt Center for Research and Regenerative Medicine (ECRRM), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Omran
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mostafa M Elnakib
- Egypt Center for Research and Regenerative Medicine (ECRRM), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ameera A Ragheb
- Egypt Center for Research and Regenerative Medicine (ECRRM), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khaled E Amer
- Egypt Center for Research and Regenerative Medicine (ECRRM), Cairo, Egypt
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Faria AVS, Andrade SS, Peppelenbosch MP, Ferreira-Halder CV, Fuhler GM. Platelets in aging and cancer-"double-edged sword". Cancer Metastasis Rev 2020; 39:1205-1221. [PMID: 32869161 PMCID: PMC7458881 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-020-09926-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Platelets control hemostasis and play a key role in inflammation and immunity. However, platelet function may change during aging, and a role for these versatile cells in many age-related pathological processes is emerging. In addition to a well-known role in cardiovascular disease, platelet activity is now thought to contribute to cancer cell metastasis and tumor-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE) development. Worldwide, the great majority of all patients with cardiovascular disease and some with cancer receive anti-platelet therapy to reduce the risk of thrombosis. However, not only do thrombotic diseases remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, cancer, especially metastasis, is still the second cause of death worldwide. Understanding how platelets change during aging and how they may contribute to aging-related diseases such as cancer may contribute to steps taken along the road towards a "healthy aging" strategy. Here, we review the changes that occur in platelets during aging, and investigate how these versatile blood components contribute to cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra V S Faria
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, NL-3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
| | | | - Maikel P Peppelenbosch
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, NL-3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carmen V Ferreira-Halder
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Gwenny M Fuhler
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, NL-3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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