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Al-Thani G, Ibrahim AE, Alomairi M, Salman BI, Hegazy MM, Al-Harrasi A, El Deeb S. Toxic Elemental Impurities in Herbal Weight Loss Supplements; A Study Using ICP-OES Microwave-Assisted Digestion. TOXICS 2023; 11:272. [PMID: 36977037 PMCID: PMC10053313 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11030272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The tendency of using weight loss herbal preparations is continuously increasing, especially for the widespread consumption of junk food that is characterized by high calories. Weight loss herbal preparations are considered a type of food supplement product, and, as such, the regulations governing their quality control might be minimal. These products could be locally formulated in any country or internationally imported. Being non-controlled products, the herbal weight-loss products may contain high levels of elemental impurities that might exceed the permissible ranges. Moreover, these products contribute to the total daily intake (TDI) of such elements, which might represent concerns about their potential toxicological danger. In this research, the elemental contents in such products were investigated. The inductively coupled plasma with optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES) was used to determine the levels of 15 elemental contents, namely, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Al, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, As, Co, Cr, Cd, Ni and Pb. The results showed that seven micro-elements, namely Cd, Co, Ni, Cr, Pb, Li and Cu, were either not detectable or at a concentration much lower than their tolerable limits. However, all studied macro-elements (Na, K, Ca and Mg), together with Fe, were found at considerable, yet safe levels. On the other hand, Mn, Al and As contents showed perturbing levels in some of the studied products. Finally, a conclusion was highlighted for the necessity for stricter surveillance of such herbal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghanim Al-Thani
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PC 616, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa P.O. Box 33, Oman
| | - Adel Ehab Ibrahim
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PC 616, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa P.O. Box 33, Oman
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port-Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Alomairi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PC 616, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa P.O. Box 33, Oman
| | - Baher I. Salman
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Mostafa M. Hegazy
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PC 616, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa P.O. Box 33, Oman
| | - Sami El Deeb
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PC 616, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa P.O. Box 33, Oman
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universitaet Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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Hindieh P, Yaghi J, Khoury AE, Chokr A, Atoui A, Louka N, Assaf JC. Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Staphylococcus epidermidis in gut microbiota: in vitro antimicrobial resistance. AMB Express 2022; 12:128. [PMID: 36190582 PMCID: PMC9530110 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-022-01468-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is one of the most complex microbiological niches containing beneficial and non-pathogenic bacterial strains of which some may evolve into virulent under specific conditions. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG is of the most known beneficial species with an ability to protect the intestine as opposed to Staphylococcus epidermidis 444 which causes serious health risks due to its high antimicrobial resistance. This study investigates first the survival and coexistence ability of L. rhamnosus GG, and S. epidermidis 444 at different pH levels. Subsequently, lysozyme's antimicrobial and antibiofilm effect on these two strains was elucidated before adding different concentrations of oxytetracycline hydrochloride antibiotic. Results showed that 50% inhibition of L. rhamnosus GG, S. epidermidis 444, and a co-culture of these planktonic strains were obtained respectively at a lysozyme concentration of 30, 18, and 26 mg/mL after the addition of ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA). At a pH of 7.5, mixing lysozyme (at IC50) and EDTA with oxytetracycline hydrochloride (700 μg/mL) showed an additional bactericidal effect as compared to its known bacteriostatic effect. Similarly, the addition of lysozyme to the antibiotic further increased the biofilm eradication of S. epidermidis 444 and L. rhamnosus GG where a maximal eradication of 70% was reached. Therefore, the potential development of new drugs based on adding a lysozyme-EDTA mixture to different types of antibiotics may be highly promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Hindieh
- Centre d'Analyses et de Recherche (CAR), Unité de Recherche TVA/Résistance aux Antibiotiques et Impact Industriel (RAII), Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, Campus des sciences et technologies, Mar Roukos, Matn, Lebanon.,Laboratoire de Mycologie Et Sécurité Des Aliments (LMSA), Faculté Des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, Campus des sciences et technologies, Mar Roukos, Matn, Lebanon.,Ecole Doctorale "Sciences Et Santé", Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, Campus des Sciences Médicales et Infirmières, Riad El Solh, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Joseph Yaghi
- Centre d'Analyses et de Recherche (CAR), Unité de Recherche TVA/Résistance aux Antibiotiques et Impact Industriel (RAII), Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, Campus des sciences et technologies, Mar Roukos, Matn, Lebanon.,Laboratoire de Mycologie Et Sécurité Des Aliments (LMSA), Faculté Des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, Campus des sciences et technologies, Mar Roukos, Matn, Lebanon
| | - André El Khoury
- Centre d'Analyses et de Recherche (CAR), Unité de Recherche TVA/Résistance aux Antibiotiques et Impact Industriel (RAII), Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, Campus des sciences et technologies, Mar Roukos, Matn, Lebanon.,Laboratoire de Mycologie Et Sécurité Des Aliments (LMSA), Faculté Des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, Campus des sciences et technologies, Mar Roukos, Matn, Lebanon
| | - Ali Chokr
- Research Laboratory of Microbiology (RLM), Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadat Campus, Beirut, Lebanon.,Platform of Research and Analysis in Environmental Sciences (PRASE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technologies, Lebanese University, Hadat Campus, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ali Atoui
- Research Laboratory of Microbiology (RLM), Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadat Campus, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nicolas Louka
- Centre d'Analyses et de Recherche (CAR), Unité de Recherche TVA/Résistance aux Antibiotiques et Impact Industriel (RAII), Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, Campus des sciences et technologies, Mar Roukos, Matn, Lebanon
| | - Jean Claude Assaf
- Centre d'Analyses et de Recherche (CAR), Unité de Recherche TVA/Résistance aux Antibiotiques et Impact Industriel (RAII), Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, Campus des sciences et technologies, Mar Roukos, Matn, Lebanon. .,Laboratoire de Mycologie Et Sécurité Des Aliments (LMSA), Faculté Des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, Campus des sciences et technologies, Mar Roukos, Matn, Lebanon.
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Dey S, Samadder A, Nandi S. Current Role of Nanotechnology Used in Food Processing Industry to Control Food Additives and Exploring Their Biochemical Mechanisms. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 23:513-539. [PMID: 34915833 DOI: 10.2174/1389450123666211216150355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the advent of food additives centuries ago, the human race has found ways to improve and maintain the safety of utility, augment the taste, color, texture, nutritional value, and appearance of the food. Since the 19th century, when the science behind food spoilage was discerned, the use of food additives in food preservation has been increasing worldwide and at a fast pace to get along with modern lifestyles. Although food additives are thought to be used to benefit the food market, some of them are found to be associated with several health issues at an alarming rate. Studies are still going on regarding the mechanisms by which food additives affect public health. Therefore, an attempt has been made to find out the remedies by exploiting technologies that may convey new properties of food additives that can only enhance the quality of food without having any systemic side effects. Thus, this review focuses on the applications of nanotechnology in the production of nano-food additives and evaluates its success regarding reduction in the health-related hazards collaterally maintaining the food nutrient value. METHODOLOGY A thorough literature study was performed using scientific databases like PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science for determining the design of the study, and each article was checked for citation and referred to formulate the present review article. CONCLUSION Nanotechnology can be applied in the food processing industry to control the unregulated use of food additives and to intervene in the biochemical mechanisms at a cellular and physiological level for the ensuring safety of food products. The prospective of nano-additive of chemical origin could be useful to reduce risks of hazards related to human health that are caused majorly due to the invasion of food contaminants (either intentional or non-intentional) into food, though this area still needs scientific validation. Therefore, this review provides comprehensive knowledge on different facets of food contaminants and also serves as a platform of ideas for encountering health risk problems about the design of improved versions of nano-additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudatta Dey
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia-741235. India
| | - Asmita Samadder
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia-741235. India
| | - Sisir Nandi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Global Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (GIPER) (Affiliated to Uttarakhand Technical University). Kashipur-244713. India
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Babu S. ES, Peace B.S. T, Rafic K. M, Raj E. WM, Christopher J. S, Ravindran B. P. Escalation of optical transmittance and determination of diffusion co-efficient in low-bloom strength gelatin-based Fricke gel dosimeters. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Ginanjar E, Indrawati L, Setianingsih I, Atmakusumah D, Harahap A, Timan IS, Marx JJM. Iron Absorption in Iron-Deficient Women, Who Received 65 mg Fe with an Indonesian Breakfast, Is Much Better from NaFe(III)EDTA than from Fe(II)SO₄, with an Acceptable Increase of Plasma NTBI. A Randomized Clinical Trial. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2018; 11:ph11030085. [PMID: 30201907 PMCID: PMC6161297 DOI: 10.3390/ph11030085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma non-transferrin-bound iron (NTBI) is potentially harmful due to the generation of free radicals that cause tissue damage in vascular and other diseases. Studies in iron-replete and iron-deficient subjects, receiving a single oral test dose of Fe(II)SO4 or NaFe(III)EDTA with water, revealed that FeSO4 was well absorbed when compared with NaFeEDTA, while only the Fe(II) compound showed a remarkable increase of NTBI. As NaFeEDTA is successfully used for food fortification, a double-blind randomized cross-over trial was conducted in 11 healthy women with uncomplicated iron deficiency. All subjects received a placebo, 6.5 mg FeSO4, 65 mg FeSO4, 6.5 mg NaFeEDTA, and 65 mg NaFeEDTA with a traditional Indonesian breakfast in one-week intervals. Blood tests were carried out every 60 min for five hours. NTBI detection was performed using the fluorescein-labeled apotransferrin method. Plasma iron values were highly increased after 65 mg NaFeEDTA, twice as high as after FeSO4. A similar pattern was seen for NTBI. After 6.5 mg of NaFeEDTA and FeSO4, NTBI was hardly detectable. NaFeEDTA was highly effective for the treatment of iron deficiency if given with a meal, inhibiting the formation of nonabsorbable Fe-complexes, while NTBI did not exceed the range of normal values for iron-replete subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eka Ginanjar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia/Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia.
| | - Lilik Indrawati
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia/Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia.
| | | | - Djumhana Atmakusumah
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia/Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia.
| | - Alida Harahap
- Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia.
| | - Ina S Timan
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia/Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia.
| | - Joannes J M Marx
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht 3584 CX, The Netherlands.
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Werle M, Föger F. Peroral peptide delivery: Peptidase inhibition as a key concept for commercial drug products. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:2906-2913. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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McGee EJT, Diosady LL. Prevention of iron-polyphenol complex formation by chelation in black tea. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Iron Supplements Modulate Colon Microbiota Composition and Potentiate the Protective Effects of Probiotics in Dextran Sodium Sulfate-induced Colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2017; 23:753-766. [PMID: 28368910 DOI: 10.1097/mib.0000000000001089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron is an important nutrient for both the host and colonizing bacteria. Oral iron supplementation may impact the composition of the microbiota and can be particularly damaging to patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, patients with IBD may require iron supplementation to treat their anemia. METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. Using the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model, we investigated the effects of iron supplementation in colitis severity, as well as the use of the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) in combination with iron supplementation. RESULTS Iron supplementation at different doses induced shifts in the gut microbial communities and inferred metabolic pathways. However, depending on the iron formulation used in the diets, iron supplementation during dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis was either beneficial (ferrous bisglycinate) or highly detrimental (FEDTA). Finally, the beneficial effect of the probiotic EcN in the dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis model was potentiated by oral iron supplementation with ferrous sulfate. CONCLUSIONS These results show that the iron formulations used to treat iron deficiency influence the gut microbiota and colitis in mice and suggest that distinct iron compounds may be of particular relevance to patients with IBD. In addition, the beneficial action of probiotics in IBD may be enhanced by oral iron supplementation.
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Teshome EM, Andang'o PEA, Osoti V, Terwel SR, Otieno W, Demir AY, Prentice AM, Verhoef H. Daily home fortification with iron as ferrous fumarate versus NaFeEDTA: a randomised, placebo-controlled, non-inferiority trial in Kenyan children. BMC Med 2017; 15:89. [PMID: 28449690 PMCID: PMC5408380 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-017-0839-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to show the non-inferiority of home fortification with a daily dose of 3 mg iron in the form of iron as ferric sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (NaFeEDTA) compared with 12.5 mg iron as encapsulated ferrous fumarate in Kenyan children aged 12-36 months. In addition, we updated a recent meta-analysis to assess the efficacy of home fortification with iron-containing powders, with a view to examining diversity in trial results. METHODS We gave chemoprevention by dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine, albendazole and praziquantel to 338 afebrile children with haemoglobin concentration ≥70 g/L. We randomly allocated them to daily home fortification for 30 days with either placebo, 3 mg iron as NaFeEDTA or 12.5 mg iron as encapsulated ferrous fumarate. We assessed haemoglobin concentration (primary outcome), plasma iron markers, plasma inflammation markers and Plasmodium infection in samples collected at baseline and after 30 days of intervention. We conducted a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials in pre-school children to assess the effect of home fortification with iron-containing powders on anaemia and haemoglobin concentration at end of intervention. RESULTS A total of 315 children completed the 30-day intervention period. At baseline, 66.9% of children had inflammation (plasma C-reactive protein concentration >5 mg/L or plasma α 1-acid glycoprotein concentration >1.0 g/L); in those without inflammation, 42.5% were iron deficient. There was no evidence, either in per protocol analysis or intention-to-treat analysis, that home fortification with either of the iron interventions improved haemoglobin concentration, plasma ferritin concentration, plasma transferrin receptor concentration or erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin-haem ratio. We also found no evidence of effect modification by iron status, anaemia status and inflammation status at baseline. In the meta-analysis, the effect on haemoglobin concentration was highly heterogeneous between trials (I 2: 84.1%; p value for test of heterogeneity: <0.0001). CONCLUSIONS In this population, home fortification with either 3 mg iron as NaFeEDTA or 12.5 mg iron as encapsulated ferrous fumarate was insufficiently efficacious to assess non-inferiority of 3 mg iron as NaFeEDTA compared to 12.5 mg iron as encapsulated ferrous fumarate. Our finding of heterogeneity between trial results should stimulate subgroup analysis or meta-regression to identify population-specific factors that determine efficacy. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov ( NCT02073149 ) on 25 February 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily M Teshome
- MRCG Keneba at MRC Unit, Banjul, The Gambia.
- MRC International Nutrition Group, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Heath, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, England, UK.
| | - Pauline E A Andang'o
- Maseno University, School of Public Health and Community Development, Maseno, Kenya
| | - Victor Osoti
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Sofie R Terwel
- Division of Human Nutrition and Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Walter Otieno
- Maseno University, School of Medicine, Maseno, Kenya
| | - Ayşe Y Demir
- Meander Medical Centre, Laboratory for Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew M Prentice
- MRCG Keneba at MRC Unit, Banjul, The Gambia
- MRC International Nutrition Group, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Heath, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, England, UK
| | - Hans Verhoef
- MRCG Keneba at MRC Unit, Banjul, The Gambia
- MRC International Nutrition Group, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Heath, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, England, UK
- Division of Human Nutrition and Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Le Port A, Bernard T, Hidrobo M, Birba O, Rawat R, Ruel MT. Delivery of iron-fortified yoghurt, through a dairy value chain program, increases hemoglobin concentration among children 24 to 59 months old in Northern Senegal: A cluster-randomized control trial. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172198. [PMID: 28245227 PMCID: PMC5330480 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Innovative strategies are needed to enhance the nutritional impact of agriculture. Value chain approaches, which use supply chains to add value (usually economic) to products as they move from producers to consumers, can be used to increase access to nutritious foods and improve nutritional status. This study tested whether a dairy value chain could be used to distribute a micronutrient-fortified yoghurt (MNFY) (conditional upon the producer supplying a minimum amount of cow milk/day) to improve hemoglobin and reduce anemia among preschool children in a remote area in Northern Senegal. Methods A cluster randomized control trial was used to compare 204 children (24 to 59 months of age at baseline) from households who received the MNFY coupled to a behavior change communication (BCC) campaign focusing on anemia prevention to 245 children from a control group (receiving BCC only) after one year. Randomization was done at the level of the family concession (households from the same family) (n = 321). Eligible households had a child of the target age and were willing to deliver milk to the dairy factory. Changes in anemia and hemoglobin between groups were assessed using mixed regression models. Key findings Anemia prevalence was very high at baseline (80%) and dropped to close to 60% at endline, with no differences between intervention groups. Hemoglobin increased by 0.55 g/dL, 95%CI (0.27; 0.84) more in the intervention compared to the control group after one year, in models that controlled for potentially confounding factors. The impact was greater (0.72 g/dL, 95%CI (0.34; 1.12)) for boys, compared to girls (0.38 g/dL, 95%CI (-0.03; 0.80)). Conclusion The dairy value chain was a successful strategy to distribute MNFY among pastoralists in Northern Senegal, and increase Hb concentrations among their children. This study is one of the first proofs of concept showing that a nutrition-sensitive agriculture value chain approach can contribute to improved child nutrition in a remote pastoralist population. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02079961
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Le Port
- Poverty Health and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, Dakar, Senegal
- * E-mail:
| | - Tanguy Bernard
- Markets, Trade and Institutions, International Food Policy Research Institute, Dakar, Senegal
- GREThA, UMR CNRS 5113, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Melissa Hidrobo
- Poverty Health and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Ousmane Birba
- Poverty Health and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Rahul Rawat
- Poverty Health and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Marie T. Ruel
- Poverty Health and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington DC, United States of America
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de Pee S. Special nutritious solutions to enhance complementary feeding. MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION 2016; 11 Suppl 4:i-viii. [PMID: 26751986 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.12265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saskia de Pee
- Nutrition Division, World Food Programme, Rome, Italy. .,Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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