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Di Prima S, Nguyen Dinh D, Reurings DD, Wright EP, Essink D, Broerse JEW. Home-Grown School Feeding: Implementation Lessons From a Pilot in a Poor Ethnic Minority Community in Vietnam. Food Nutr Bull 2022; 43:271-302. [PMID: 35470722 PMCID: PMC9403386 DOI: 10.1177/03795721221088962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: Undernutrition threatens the health and future of preschool children in
disadvantaged remote communities. Home-grown school feeding (HGSF) in
nursery schools could positively impact children’s nutrition while creating
multiple benefits for the whole community. However, evidence is lacking on
implementation of HGSF within multi-sectoral programs in remote areas. Objective: This study assessed an HGSF pilot intervention, part of a nutrition-sensitive
agriculture (NSA) program, in a mountain ethnic minority community in
Vietnam. It aimed to identify the changes brought about by the intervention,
in particular diversity of children’s food, food sources, barriers and
facilitators to change, and future challenges and strategies. Methods: Mixed-methods assessment covered school meal diversity, cost, and food
sources but the key focus was on observed changes resulting from the HGSF
intervention and perceived barriers and facilitators to its implementation.
Data were collected mainly through semi-structured interviews (n = 30) and
seven focus group discussions (n = 76). Results: School meals contributed to increasing diversity of food consumed by
children. Above 30% of foods used were home-grown. Respondents reported
increased school attendance; children’s food preferences and hygiene
practices improved as did parents’ caring and feeding practices. Local food
systems became less cash-crop-oriented and more self-reliant, contributing
to household food security and income generation. Social capital increased.
Positive changes were attributed to HGSF and synergy among NSA program
components. Poverty and limited resilience to external shocks threatened
sustainability. Conclusions: Implementing HGSF within an NSA program in a mountainous ethnic minority area
with a high prevalence of undernutrition benefitted children and their
communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Di Prima
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Sabina Di Prima and Dai Nguyen Dinh contributed equally to this work and qualify as first authors for this publication
| | - Dai Nguyen Dinh
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Sabina Di Prima and Dai Nguyen Dinh contributed equally to this work and qualify as first authors for this publication
| | | | - E Pamela Wright
- Guelph International Health Consulting, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dirk Essink
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Webb P, Danaei G, Masters WA, Rosettie KL, Leech AA, Cohen J, Blakstad M, Kranz S, Mozaffarian D. Modelling the potential cost-effectiveness of food-based programs to reduce malnutrition. GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY-AGRICULTURE POLICY ECONOMICS AND ENVIRONMENT 2021; 29:100550. [PMID: 34164258 PMCID: PMC8202230 DOI: 10.1016/j.gfs.2021.100550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Poor quality diets contribute to malnutrition globally, but evidence is weak on the cost-effectiveness of food-based interventions that shift diets. This study assessed 11 candidate interventions developed through Delphi techniques to improve diets in India, Nigeria, and Ethiopia. A Markov simulation model incorporated time, individual-level, nutrition, and policy parameters to estimate health impacts and cost-effectiveness for reducing stunting, anaemia, diarrhea, and mortality in preschool children. At an assumed 80% coverage, interventions considered would potentially save between 0·16 and 3·20 years of life per child. The average cost-effectiveness ratio ranged from US$9 to US$2000 per life year saved. This approach, linking expert knowledge, known costs, and modelling, offers potential for estimating cost-effective investments for better informed policy choice where empirical evidence is limited. Few studies estimate the potential cost-effectiveness of programs for improving health through diets. Expert knowledge linked to modelling offers a basis for assessing potential alternatives where data are lacking. Our analysis assessed 11 candidate interventions for Ethiopia, India, and Nigeria derived from local expert opinion. Modelling demonstrates these programs' potential health impacts and cost-effectiveness. The modelling of estimated benefits can support best-buy policy and program choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Webb
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.,Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Goodarz Danaei
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - William A Masters
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katherine L Rosettie
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ashley A Leech
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Health Policy, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Joshua Cohen
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mia Blakstad
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah Kranz
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
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Makame J, De Kock H, Emmambux NM. Nutrient density of common African indigenous/local complementary porridge samples. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Hawwash D, Pinxten W, Raneri JE, Kolsteren P, Lachat C. Uptake and impact of priority setting exercises in nutrition research publications. Eur J Clin Nutr 2020; 75:198-208. [PMID: 32855521 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-020-00729-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess how priority setting exercises for nutrition research are considered in publication. DESIGN Cross-sectional design. SETTINGS First, a citation analysis of priority setting exercises found in nutrition research until 2019 was conducted. The reasons for citation were extracted from the text of citing papers and the reasons were defined as: (i) acting on the research questions identified as priorities, (ii) acknowledging the priority setting exercise, (iii) using the same method, or (iv) previous knowledge to support evidence. Second, a survey with authors of the priority setting exercises was done to understand priority setters' perspectives on the impact and satisfaction of their work. PARTICIPANTS Twenty-one priority setting exercise papers were included. In all, 434 citing papers were found, of which 338 were considered in the citation analysis. A sample of 17 authors representing 13 priority setting exercise papers completed the impact and satisfaction survey. RESULTS Half of the priority setting exercise papers were published by 2013. After excluding self-citations (n = 60), the priority setting papers had on average 18 citations. Priority setting exercises had a median of 1 (IQR = 0-1) citing manuscript that acted on the recommendations produced from priority setting exercises. Authors of the priority setting exercises expressed a desire for increased uptake of the results of the priority setting exercises by funding agencies. Key barriers for uptake were identified as challenges in involving stakeholders and the general public for participation in the priority setting exercise. CONCLUSIONS Priority settings exercises are important efforts to guide nutrition research toward effective allocation of resources. However, there seems to be a limited consideration of these priority setting exercises in research papers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Hawwash
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Wim Pinxten
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Jessica E Raneri
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Patrick Kolsteren
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Carl Lachat
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium.
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Changes of feeding patterns in Chinese city children under 2 years from 1985 to 2015: results from a series of national cross-sectional surveys. World J Pediatr 2019; 15:176-181. [PMID: 30539500 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-018-0214-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In China, as the social transformation and economic development from 1985 to 2015, children's feeding pattern has undergone some changes. So we aimed to analyze the secular trend on feeding patterns of city children in China. METHODS All data were from a series of national survey which implemented once every 10 years in China from 1985 to 2015. We use same indexes to evaluate the feeding pattern of children in these four surveys. RESULTS From 1985 to 2005, the exclusive breastfeeding rates in infants under 6 months of age decreased, especially in suburban areas decreased by 17.7%; the continuous breastfeeding rate of 1-year-old children in suburban area decreased from 60.1 to 27.6%. However, from 2005 to 2015, the exclusive breastfeeding rates under 6 months of age increased by 16.0% in urban areas and 5.9% in suburban areas; the continuous breastfeeding rate of 1-year-old children in urban increased from 17.0 to 36.0%. The overall feeding rate of complementary food in infants under 6 months of age declined from 1985 to 2015; the average age at introduction of all complementary foods was around 6 months of age in 2015. CONCLUSIONS There is an obvious trend on feeding pattern of Chinese children. From 1985 to 2005, the breastfeeding rate decreased, the duration time of breastfeeding was shortened and the age at introduction of complementary food was advanced. From 2005 to 2015, the breastfeeding rate increased, the duration time of breastfeeding was prolonged, and the age at introduction of complementary food was postponed.
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Fox EL, Davis C, Downs SM, Schultink W, Fanzo J. Who is the Woman in Women's Nutrition? A Narrative Review of Evidence and Actions to Support Women's Nutrition throughout Life. Curr Dev Nutr 2018. [PMCID: PMC6349991 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzy076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrition interventions that target mothers alone inadequately address women's needs across their lives: during adolescence, preconception, and in later years of life. They also fail to capture nulliparous women. The extent to which nutrition interventions effectively reach women throughout the life course is not well documented. In this comprehensive narrative review, we summarized the impact and delivery platforms of nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive interventions targeting adolescent girls, women of reproductive age (nonpregnant, nonlactating), pregnant and lactating women, women with young children <5 y, and older women, with a focus on nutrition interventions delivered in low- and middle-income countries. We found that although there were many effective interventions that targeted women's nutrition, they largely targeted women who were pregnant and lactating or with young children. There were major gaps in the targeting of interventions to older women. For the delivery platforms, community-based settings, compared with facility-based settings, more equitably reached women across the life course, including adolescents, women of reproductive age, and older women. Nutrition-sensitive approaches were more often delivered in community-based settings; however, the evidence of their impact on women's nutritional outcomes was less clear. We also found major research and programming gaps relative to targeting overweight, obesity, and noncommunicable disease. We conclude that focused efforts on women during pregnancy and in the first couple of years postpartum fail to address the interrelation and compounding nature of nutritional disadvantages that are perpetuated across many women's lives. In order for policies and interventions to more effectively address inequities faced by women, and not only women as mothers, it is essential that they reflect on how, when, and where to engage with women across the life course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth L Fox
- Berman Institute of Bioethics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Claire Davis
- Berman Institute of Bioethics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Shauna M Downs
- Department of Health Systems and Policy, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
| | | | - Jessica Fanzo
- Berman Institute of Bioethics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
- Nitze School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University, Washington, DC
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Masters WA, Rosettie KL, Kranz S, Danaei G, Webb P, Mozaffarian D. Designing programs to improve diets for maternal and child health: estimating costs and potential dietary impacts of nutrition-sensitive programs in Ethiopia, Nigeria, and India. Health Policy Plan 2018. [PMID: 29522103 PMCID: PMC5894071 DOI: 10.1093/heapol/czy013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Improving maternal and child nutrition in resource-poor settings requires effective use of limited resources, but priority-setting is constrained by limited information about program costs and impacts, especially for interventions designed to improve diet quality. This study utilized a mixed methods approach to identify, describe and estimate the potential costs and impacts on child dietary intake of 12 nutrition-sensitive programs in Ethiopia, Nigeria and India. These potential interventions included conditional livestock and cash transfers, media and education, complementary food processing and sales, household production and food pricing programs. Components and costs of each program were identified through a novel participatory process of expert regional consultation followed by validation and calibration from literature searches and comparison with actual budgets. Impacts on child diets were determined by estimating of the magnitude of economic mechanisms for dietary change, comprehensive reviews of evaluations and effectiveness for similar programs, and demographic data on each country. Across the 12 programs, total cost per child reached (net present value, purchasing power parity adjusted) ranged very widely: from 0.58 to 2650 USD/year among five programs in Ethiopia; 2.62 to 1919 USD/year among four programs in Nigeria; and 27 to 586 USD/year among three programs in India. When impacts were assessed, the largest dietary improvements were for iron and zinc intakes from a complementary food production program in Ethiopia (increases of 17.7 mg iron/child/day and 7.4 mg zinc/child/day), vitamin A intake from a household animal and horticulture production program in Nigeria (335 RAE/child/day), and animal protein intake from a complementary food processing program in Nigeria (20.0 g/child/day). These results add substantial value to the limited literature on the costs and dietary impacts of nutrition-sensitive interventions targeting children in resource-limited settings, informing policy discussions and serving as critical inputs to future cost-effectiveness analyses focusing on disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Masters
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Katherine L Rosettie
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Sarah Kranz
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Goodarz Danaei
- Department of Global Health, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Patrick Webb
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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Smith ER. Global Nutrient Availability: a call for accountability and action. Lancet Planet Health 2018; 2:e380-e381. [PMID: 30177005 DOI: 10.1016/s2542-5196(18)30201-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Rose Smith
- Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02120, USA; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA, USA.
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Masters WA, Rosettie K, Kranz S, Pedersen SH, Webb P, Danaei G, Mozaffarian D. Priority interventions to improve maternal and child diets in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION 2017; 14:e12526. [PMID: 28971572 PMCID: PMC5901374 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.12526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nutrition‐sensitive interventions to improve overall diet quality are increasingly needed to improve maternal and child health. This study demonstrates feasibility of a structured process to leverage local expertise in formulating programmes tailored for current circumstances in South Asia and Africa. We assembled 41 stakeholders in 2 regional workshops and followed a prespecified protocol to elicit programme designs listing the human and other resources required, the intervention's mechanism for impact on diets, target foods and nutrients, target populations, and contact information for partners needed to implement the desired programme. Via this protocol, participants described 48 distinct interventions, which we then compared against international recommendations and global goals. Local stakeholders' priorities focused on postharvest food systems to improve access to nutrient‐dense products (75% of the 48 programmes) and on production of animal sourced foods (58%), as well as education and social marketing (23%) and direct transfers to meet food needs (12.5%). Each programme included an average of 3.2 distinct elements aligned with those recommended by United Nations system agencies in the Framework for Action produced by the Second International Conference on Nutrition in 2014 and the Compendium of Actions for Nutrition developed for the Renewed Efforts Against Child Hunger initiative in 2016. Our results demonstrate that a participatory process can help local experts identify their own priorities for future investments, as a first step in a novel process of rigorous, transparent, and independent priority setting to improve diets among those at greatest risk of undernutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Masters
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katherine Rosettie
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sarah Kranz
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sarah H Pedersen
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Patrick Webb
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Goodarz Danaei
- T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
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