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Takahashi Y, Brimdyr K, Cadwell K. Does an early hands-on breastfeeding intervention by midwives affect nipple pain incidence? An observational pilot study. Jpn J Nurs Sci 2024:e12613. [PMID: 39138899 DOI: 10.1111/jjns.12613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
AIM To describe the timing and characteristics of midwives' hands-on interruptions of newborns' behavior while in skin-to-skin contact during the first hour after birth and to elucidate the relationship between these hands-on interruptions and the incidence of nipple pain during the first 4 days postpartum. METHODS An observational pilot study was conducted at a Baby-Friendly® hospital in Japan from 2016 to 2018. Iterative analysis of video recordings from a larger study of the behavior of newborns while skin-to-skin with their mothers in the first hour after birth found 16 full-term newborns who were born vaginally and that met the inclusion criteria of a midwife's hands-on intervention (HOI) interrupting the infant's progress toward breast self-attachment. The timing of the HOI and the stage of the newborn's progress through Widström's 9 Stages was noted by two research assistants who had been blinded to the medical records. The degree of nipple pain after breastfeeding was self-evaluated by mothers each day during their hospitalization. All data were statistically analyzed. RESULTS Interrupting the infant's progressive behaviors in the first hour after birth by midwives' hands-on "help" to breastfeed, may increase nipple pain during the 4 days after birth. One hundred percent of the mothers reported nipple pain in the postpartum with the highest pain reports occurring on day 4. CONCLUSION Interrupting skin-to-skin contact with HOI does not decrease the incidence of nipple pain during the first days postpartum. HOI for newborn infants was not shown to support breastfeeding in the early postnatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Takahashi
- Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kajsa Brimdyr
- Healthy Children Project's Center for Breastfeeding, Maternal Child Health, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Karin Cadwell
- Healthy Children Project's Center for Breastfeeding, Maternal Child Health, Nagoya, Japan
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2
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Altit G, Hamilton D, O'Brien K. Skin-to-skin care (SSC) for term and preterm infants. Paediatr Child Health 2024; 29:238-254. [PMID: 39045471 PMCID: PMC11261823 DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxae015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Skin-to-skin care (SSC) is an important part of parent and infant care during the neonatal period and into infancy. SSC should be initiated immediately after birth and practiced as a standard of care in all settings, as well as in the home. There is strong evidence that SSC has a positive effect on breastfeeding and human milk feeding in both term and preterm infants, as well as on mortality, cardiopulmonary stability, and thermoregulation. SSC reduces pain and infant stress, enhances parent-infant bonding, has neurodevelopmental benefits, and has positive effects on parental mental health. The safety and feasibility of providing SSC has been established in term and preterm infants, and SSC is recommended as best practice for all infants. The benefits of SSC outweigh the risks in most situations, and despite challenges, care providers should implement procedures and accommodations to ensure that SSC occurs as a safe and positive experience for the parent, family, infant, and health care team. This statement includes all families as defined and determined by themselves, and recognizes that health communication, language, and terminology must be individualized to meet specific family needs by the health care team.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Altit
- Canadian Paediatric Society, Fetus and Newborn Committee
| | | | - Karel O'Brien
- Canadian Paediatric Society, Fetus and Newborn Committee
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Altit G, Hamilton D, O'Brien K. Les soins peau-à-peau chez les nourrissons à terme et prématurés. Paediatr Child Health 2024; 29:238-254. [PMID: 39045481 PMCID: PMC11261829 DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxae014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Les soins peau-à-peau (SPP) sont un aspect important des soins au parent et au nourrisson pendant la période néonatale et la première enfance. Ils doivent être entrepris immédiatement après la naissance et faire partie des soins standards dans tous les milieux, y compris à la maison. Selon de solides données probantes, les SPP ont un effet positif sur l'allaitement et l'alimentation par du lait humain, tant chez les nourrissons à terme que prématurés, de même que sur la mortalité, la stabilité cardiorespiratoire et la thermorégulation. Les SPP réduisent la douleur et le stress chez les nourrissons, accroissent l'attachement entre le parent et son nourrisson et ont des effets bénéfiques sur le neurodéveloppement de l'enfant ainsi que sur la santé mentale des parents. Le caractère sécuritaire et la faisabilité des SPP sont établis chez les nourrissons à terme et prématurés, et ces soins sont recommandés dans le cadre d'une pratique exemplaire auprès de tous les nourrissons. Les avantages des SPP sont supérieurs aux risques dans la plupart des situations, et malgré les défis qui y sont associés, les dispensateurs de soins devraient adopter des protocoles et prévoir des adaptations pour s'assurer que les SPP soient une expérience positive et sécuritaire pour le parent, la famille, le nourrisson et l'équipe soignante. Le présent document de principes s'adresse à toutes les familles, telles qu'elles se définissent et se déterminent elles-mêmes, et tiennent compte de l'importance de personnaliser la communication, le langage et la terminologie en matière de santé pour que l'équipe soignante réponde aux besoins particuliers de la famille.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Altit
- Société canadienne de pédiatrie, comité d'étude du fœtus et du nouveau-né, Ottawa (Ontario) Canada
| | - Danica Hamilton
- Société canadienne de pédiatrie, comité d'étude du fœtus et du nouveau-né, Ottawa (Ontario) Canada
| | - Karel O'Brien
- Société canadienne de pédiatrie, comité d'étude du fœtus et du nouveau-né, Ottawa (Ontario) Canada
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Cong S, Fan X, Yu P, Zhou C, Wang L, Wang R, Song X, Feng J, Sun X, Sha L, Zhu Z, Zhang A. Spontaneous behaviors during breast crawling and factors influencing self-locating mothers' breasts in newborns: A cross-sectional study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16440. [PMID: 37260903 PMCID: PMC10227327 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast crawling in newborns to propel themselves to their mothers' breasts normally occurs upon skin-to-skin contact with mothers immediately after birth but is often missed by the neglect of hospital staff and insufficient evidence support. Hence, this study described the behavioral characteristics of 135 newborns from China during breast crawling and further explored the factors influencing newborns' self-locating mothers' breasts (measured by whether fail to experience the familiarization stage, initial time and duration of the familiarization stage) using multivariable analysis. The findings supported and extended previous studies that newborns could emerge in nine instinctive stages and corresponding spontaneous behaviors early in life. Moreover, abnormal fetal heart rate during labor appeared to interfere with newborns experiencing the familiarization stage (aOR = 9.27, 95% CI: 1.41 to 61.07, P = 0.021), while using synthetic oxytocin (β = 5.94, 95% CI: 0.35 to 11.54, P = 0.037), using antibiotics (β = 11.09, 95% CI: 4.11 to 18.07, P = 0.002), and newborns' gender (β = -5.69, 95% CI: 11.26 to -0.12, P = 0.045) would alter the initial time of the familiarization stage. Finally, this study proposes evidence-based strategies to prevent abnormal fetal heart rates and improve medication use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Cong
- Department of Nursing, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Xuemei Fan
- Department of Nursing, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Yu
- Department of Nursing, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Chunxiu Zhou
- Department of Nursing, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- Department of Nursing, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaowei Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingyi Feng
- Faculty of Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoqing Sun
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lijuan Sha
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhu Zhu
- Department of Nursing, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Aixia Zhang
- Department of Nursing, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
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5
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Hym C, Dumuids MV, Anderson DI, Forma V, Provasi J, Brière-Dollat C, Granjon L, Gervain J, Nazzi T, Barbu-Roth M. Newborns modulate their crawling in response to their native language but not another language. Dev Sci 2023; 26:e13248. [PMID: 35212447 DOI: 10.1111/desc.13248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Human newborns can propel themselves to their mother's breast when positioned skin to skin on her abdomen just after birth. For decades, researchers have considered this primitive crawling behavior a spinal reflex, immune to supra spinal control. However, recent research suggests that neonatal crawling is already responsive to visual and olfactory stimuli processed at a supra spinal level. Here we report that a few hours post birth, French newborns can also modulate their crawling in response to their native language - a source of information that is processed supra-spinally. The crawling patterns of 23 French-born newborns were recorded on video and via an infrared motion capture system during two randomly ordered 2-min trials. The newborns were secured on a mini skateboard to facilitate arm and leg movements during their crawling propulsion. They heard a repetitive sequence of the same sentences either in French, their native language, or in English, a rhythmically different and hence discriminable unfamiliar language, on each trial. In French, compared to English, crawling was enhanced, with significantly more arm and leg steps and significantly more and larger trunk rotations in the cephalo-caudal axis. Moreover, newborns rotated their heads and trunk toward the appropriate loud speaker when hearing French but not English. These preliminary findings suggest that newborn crawling is not a simple stereotyped reflex under spinal control, but a complex pattern that can be modulated in response to higher-order, supra-spinally processed stimuli. The findings open fascinating questions about the range of stimuli to which newborn crawling is responsive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Hym
- Integrative Neuroscience and Cognition Center, CNRS - Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - David I Anderson
- Marian Wright Edelman Institute, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Vincent Forma
- Integrative Neuroscience and Cognition Center, CNRS - Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Joëlle Provasi
- Laboratoire CHArt, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Aubervilliers Cedex, France
| | - Camille Brière-Dollat
- Integrative Neuroscience and Cognition Center, CNRS - Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Maternité Port-Royal, Paris, France
| | - Lionel Granjon
- Integrative Neuroscience and Cognition Center, CNRS - Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Judit Gervain
- Integrative Neuroscience and Cognition Center, CNRS - Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Nazzi
- Integrative Neuroscience and Cognition Center, CNRS - Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Marianne Barbu-Roth
- Integrative Neuroscience and Cognition Center, CNRS - Université de Paris, Paris, France
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McFarland R, Henzi SP, Fuller A, Hetem RS, Young C, Barrett L. The thermal consequences of primate birth hour and its evolutionary implications. Biol Lett 2022; 18:20210574. [PMID: 35078330 PMCID: PMC8790368 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2021.0574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Most primates, including humans, give birth during the inactive phase of the daily cycle. Practical constraints therefore limit our knowledge of the precise timing of nocturnal birth in wild diurnal primates and so limit our understanding of selective pressures and consequences. We measured maternal core body temperature (Tb) across 24 births in a population of wild vervet monkeys using biologgers. We identified distinct perturbations in Tb during the birth period, including declining Tb during labour and the rapid recovery of Tb post-parturition. Vervet monkeys typically gave birth during their inactive phase in synchrony with the nadir of the maternal nychthemeral Tb rhythm but also showed remarkable inter-individual variability in their absolute Tb during birth. Our findings support the view that selection may have favoured a nocturnal timing of primate birth to coincide with lower night-time Tb and environmental temperatures, which improve thermal efficiency during birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard McFarland
- NTU Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, UK,Brain Function Research Group, School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
| | - S. Peter Henzi
- Department of Psychology, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Canada T1 K 3M4,Applied Behavioural Ecology and Ecosystems Research Unit, University of South Africa, FL 1710, South Africa
| | - Andrea Fuller
- Brain Function Research Group, School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
| | - Robyn S. Hetem
- Brain Function Research Group, School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa,School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa
| | - Christopher Young
- NTU Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, UK,Applied Behavioural Ecology and Ecosystems Research Unit, University of South Africa, FL 1710, South Africa
| | - Louise Barrett
- Brain Function Research Group, School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa,Department of Psychology, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Canada T1 K 3M4
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7
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Immediate and Sustained Skin-to-Skin Contact for Healthy Late Preterm and Term Newborns After Birth: AWHONN Practice Brief Number 14. Nurs Womens Health 2021; 25:e9-e11. [PMID: 34462236 DOI: 10.1016/j.nwh.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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8
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Immediate and Sustained Skin-to-Skin Contact for Healthy Late Preterm and Term Newborns After Birth: AWHONN Practice Brief Number 14. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 2021; 50:e13-e15. [PMID: 34462182 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogn.2021.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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9
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Brimdyr K, Cadwell K, Svensson K, Takahashi Y, Nissen E, Widström AM. The nine stages of skin-to-skin: practical guidelines and insights from four countries. MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION 2020; 16:e13042. [PMID: 32542966 PMCID: PMC7507317 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.13042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Incorporating systematic evidence with clinical expertise is a key element in the quest to improve quality of care and patient outcomes. The evidence supporting skin‐to‐skin contact in the first hour after birth is robust and includes significantly improved outcomes for both mother and infant. This paper compares available iterative data about newborn behaviour in the first hour after birth to further describe the observable behaviour pattern and to provide clinical insight for further research. Although the evidence for positive outcomes through skin‐to‐skin contact are robust, there is a dearth of research specifically focused on clinical practice. The methodology considers the four available data sets that used Widström's 9 stages, which consists of studies from Japan, Sweden, Italy and the United States, examining the parameters of each stage across settings from around the world. This research provides an expanded understanding of the timing of the newborn's progression through Widström's 9 observable stages. We found that newborns in all four data sets began with a birth cry and continued through the remaining stages of relaxation, awakening, activity, rest, crawling, familiarization, suckling and sleeping during the first hours after birth and consolidated the data into a Sign of the Stages chart to assist in further research. The evidence supports making a safe space and time for this important newborn behaviour. Clinical practices should encourage and protect this sensitive period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajsa Brimdyr
- Maternal Child Health I Center for Breastfeeding, Healthy Children Project, Inc., USA
| | - Karin Cadwell
- Maternal Child Health I Center for Breastfeeding, Healthy Children Project, Inc., USA
| | - Kristin Svensson
- Antenatal and Maternity Department, Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Sweden
| | - Yuki Takahashi
- Health Science Department, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Eva Nissen
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Sweden
| | - Ann-Marie Widström
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Sweden
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