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Uusimäki K, Schneider L, Lubeka C, Kimiwye J, Mutanen M. Mothers' knowledge and practices on breastfeeding and complementary feeding in an urban slum area and rural area in Kenya: A cross-sectional interview study. J Child Health Care 2023; 27:612-627. [PMID: 35428403 PMCID: PMC10676620 DOI: 10.1177/13674935221083451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Maternal breastfeeding and complementary feeding knowledge is an important determinant of childrens' long-term health and development. This study aims to account for associations between knowledge and practices in Kenya and report the food consumption of children from birth to 18 months. In 2015 mother-child pairs were recruited from Mother-and-Child Health Centers; 415 in an urban slum in Nairobi and 364 in rural Machakos. Knowledge and practice scores were calculated from questionnaire variables and 24-h food frequency questionnaire. The associations of knowledge and practices were studied with regression analysis. Breastfeeding knowledge (Nairobi 6.3/9, Machakos 5.9/9) and practices (Nairobi 7.5/8, Machakos 7.2/8) were good in both areas. Complementary feeding knowledge was not as good (Nairobi 7.5/14, Machakos 7.1/14). Minimum meal frequency was reached by almost 80% of the children but dietary diversity was low (Nairobi 2.7 [SD 1.4], Machakos 2.4. [SD 1.3]). Only 27% of children in Nairobi and 13% in Machakos were fed a minimum acceptable diet. The complementary feeding knowledge score was associated only with minimum dietary diversity in Nairobi (OR: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.105-1.514). Infant and young child feeding knowledge and practices were on a similar level in both areas. Future interventions should focus on improving dietary diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerttu Uusimäki
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lauriina Schneider
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Crippina Lubeka
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Applied Human Sciences, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Judith Kimiwye
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Applied Human Sciences, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Marja Mutanen
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Senbanjo IO, Owolabi AJ, Oshikoya KA, Hageman JHJ, Adeniyi Y, Samuel F, Melse-Boonstra A, Schaafsma A. Effect of a Fortified Dairy-Based Drink on Micronutrient Status, Growth, and Cognitive Development of Nigerian Toddlers- A Dose-Response Study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:864856. [PMID: 35571933 PMCID: PMC9097016 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.864856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Malnutrition results in a high prevalence of stunting, underweight, and micronutrient deficiencies. This study investigated the effect of a multi-nutrient fortified dairy-based drink on micronutrient status, growth, and cognitive development in malnourished [height-for-age z-score (HAZ) and/or weight-for-age z-score (WAZ) < -1 SD and >−3 SD] Nigerian toddlers (n = 184, 1–3 years). The product was provided in different daily amounts (200, 400, or 600 ml) for 6 months. At baseline and endline, venous blood and urine samples were collected to determine micronutrient status. Bodyweight, height, waist, and head circumference were measured, and corresponding Z-scores were calculated. The Bayley-III Screening Test was used to classify the cognitive development of the children. In a modified per-protocol (PP) population, the highest prevalence's of micronutrient deficiencies were found for vitamin A (35.5%) and selenium (17.9%). At endline, there were no significant improvements in iodine, zinc, vitamin B12, and folate status in any of the three groups. Regarding vitamin D status (25OHD), consumption of 600 and 400 ml resulted in an improved status as compared to baseline, and in a difference between the 600- and 200-ml groups. Consumption of 600 ml also increased vitamin A and selenium status as compared to baseline, but no differences were found between groups. Within the groups, WAZ, weight-for-height z-score (WHZ), and BMI-for-age z-score (BAZ) improved, but without differences between the groups. For HAZ, only the 600 ml group showed improvement within the group, but it was not different between groups. For the absolute weight, height, and head circumference only trends for differences between groups were indicated. Cognition results did not differ between the groups. Within groups, all showed a decline in the per cent of competent children for receptive language. To study the effects of a nutritional intervention on linear growth and cognition, a longer study duration might be necessary. Regarding the improvement of micronutrient status, 600 ml of fortified dairy-based drink seems most effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idowu Odunayo Senbanjo
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Unit, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Adedotun J. Owolabi
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Kazeem Adeola Oshikoya
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutic and Toxicology, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | - Yetunde Adeniyi
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Folake Samuel
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Alida Melse-Boonstra
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Anne Schaafsma
- FrieslandCampina, Amersfoort, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Anne Schaafsma
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Mekuria SA, Kinyuru JN, Mokua BK, Tenagashaw MW. Growth performance, biochemical and haematological parameters of BALB/c mice fed on staple grains and bee larvae (Apis Mellifera) blended complementary foods. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09003. [PMID: 35243107 PMCID: PMC8885981 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In Sub-Saharan Africa, inadequate complementary feeding practices and being nutritionally inadequate are primary factors in infant and young child malnutrition, growth failure, and high morbidity and mortality. Therefore, novel complementary foods need to be developed to alleviate malnutrition problems in IYC. Therefore, this experimental study aimed to assess the effects of newly developed grain-bee larvae blended complementary foods on the growth performance, haematological, and biochemical parameters of BALB/c mice. A complete randomized design was used and a total of 75 BALB/c mice were assigned to each of the five treatments. The treatments were: T1 = Casein diet; T2 = 57 % Maize, 29 % Teff, 14 % Soybean; T3 = 58 % Maize, 29 % Teff, 13 % Bee larvae; T4 = Commercial wean mix; and T5 = Basal diet alone. The in vivo experiment trial was done for 28 days along with seven days of adaptation. Dietary intake was not significantly different (P = 0.96) between treatments, but it was noted that T3 had gained the highest final body weight (38.52 g). The examined biochemical parameters showed T4 had the lowest serum protein (6.27 mg/dl) and globulin (3.61 mg/dl). Compared to others, T3 significantly (P < 0.001) increased WBC (4 × 106 mm3), RBC (11.37 × 103 mm3), Haemoglobin (16.42 g/dl), and Hematocrit (63.04 %). The highest serum levels of zinc (0.55 mg/dl) and iron (2.08 mg/dl) were reported on T2, while the highest serum calcium content (10.64 mg/dl) was reported on T1. The results indicated that T3 can aid body growth, health, and prevent malnutrition in infants and young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shewangzaw Addisu Mekuria
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya
- University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
- Corresponding author.
| | - John N. Kinyuru
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Beatrice Kiage Mokua
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya
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Mutisya M, Markey O, Rousham EK, Chintsanya JMN, Pradeilles R, Kimani-Murage EW, Madise NJ, Munthali AC, Kalimbira A, Holdsworth M, Griffiths PL, Haycraft E. Improving nutritional status among urban poor children in sub-Saharan Africa: An evidence-informed Delphi-based consultation. MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION 2020; 17:e13099. [PMID: 33145974 PMCID: PMC7988854 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.13099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA), rapid urbanisation coupled with the high prevalence of infant and young child (IYC) undernutrition in low‐income settings means that interventions to support IYC nutrition are a priority. Little is known about how urbanisation influences IYC feeding (IYCF) practices, and evidence‐based interventions to improve IYC health/nutrition in the urban poor are lacking. Therefore, this research aimed to (a) systematically review evidence on interventions for improving the nutritional status of IYC aged 6–23 months living in urban poor areas (PROSPERO CRD42018091265) and (b) engage stakeholders to identify the highest ranking evidence gaps for improving IYCF programmes/policies. First, a rapid systematic review was conducted. This focused on the literature published regarding nutrition‐specific and nutrition‐sensitive complementary feeding interventions in urban poor areas, specifically low‐income informal settlements, in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs). Six intervention studies met the review inclusion criteria. Intervention adherence was generally high, and indicators of maternal knowledge and IYC nutritional intake typically increased because of the interventions, but the impact on anthropometric status was small. Second, stakeholders working across SSA were engaged via a Delphi‐based approach to identify priority areas for future intervention. Stakeholders reported that a situational analysis was required to better understand IYCF in urban poor areas, particularly the causes of IYC undernutrition, and highlighted the need to involve local communities in defining how future work should proceed. Together, these findings indicate a need for more evidence regarding IYCF and the factors that drive it in urban poor areas across LMIC settings, but particularly in SSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurice Mutisya
- African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Oonagh Markey
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Emily K Rousham
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Jesman M N Chintsanya
- Department of Population Studies, Chancellor College, University of Malawi, Zomba, Malawi
| | - Rebecca Pradeilles
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.,School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | | | | | - Alister C Munthali
- Centre for Social Research, Chancellor College, University of Malawi, Zomba, Malawi
| | | | - Michelle Holdsworth
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.,UMR NUTRIPASS, Research Institute for Development, Montpellier, France
| | - Paula L Griffiths
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Emma Haycraft
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
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