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Chaverri G, Sagot M, Stynoski JL, Araya-Salas M, Araya-Ajoy Y, Nagy M, Knörnschild M, Chaves-Ramírez S, Rose N, Sánchez-Chavarría M, Jiménez-Torres Y, Ulloa-Sanabria D, Solís-Hernández H, Carter GG. Calling to the collective: contact calling rates within groups of disc-winged bats do not vary by kinship or association. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20230195. [PMID: 38768198 PMCID: PMC11391311 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2023.0195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Many group-living animals coordinate social behaviours using contact calls, which can be produced for all group members or targeted at specific individuals. In the disc-winged bat, Thyroptera tricolor, group members use 'inquiry' and 'response' calls to coordinate daily movements into new roosts (furled leaves). Rates of both calls show consistent among-individual variation, but causes of within-individual variation remain unknown. Here, we tested whether disc-winged bats produce more contact calls towards group members with higher kinship or association. In 446 experimental trials, we recorded 139 random within-group pairs of one flying bat (producing inquiry calls for roost searching) and one roosting bat (producing response calls for roost advertising). Using generalized linear mixed-effect models (GLMM), we assessed how response and inquiry calling rates varied by sender, receiver, genetic kinship and co-roosting association rate. Calling rates varied consistently across senders but not by receiver. Response calling was influenced by inquiry calling rates, but neither calling rate was higher when the interacting pair had higher kinship or association. Rather than dyadic calling rates indicating within-group relationships, our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that bats produce contact calls to maintain contact with any or all individuals within a group while collectively searching for a new roost site. This article is part of the theme issue 'The power of sound: unravelling how acoustic communication shapes group dynamics'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloriana Chaverri
- Sede del Sur, Universidad de Costa Rica , 60701, Costa Rica
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute , 0843-03092, Panama
| | - Maria Sagot
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York at Oswego , Oswego, NY 13126, USA
| | - Jennifer L Stynoski
- Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Universidad de Costa Rica , Coronado, San José 11103, Costa Rica
| | - Marcelo Araya-Salas
- Centro de Investigación en Neurociencias, Universidad de Costa Rica , San Pedro, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica
- Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica , , San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica
| | - Yimen Araya-Ajoy
- Department of Biology, Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics (CBD), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) , , N-7491, Norway
| | - Martina Nagy
- Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science , Berlin 10115, Germany
| | - Mirjam Knörnschild
- Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science , Berlin 10115, Germany
| | - Silvia Chaves-Ramírez
- Programa de Posgrado en Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica , , San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica
| | - Nicole Rose
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York at Oswego , Oswego, NY 13126, USA
| | - Mariela Sánchez-Chavarría
- Programa de Posgrado en Gestión Integrada de Áreas Costeras Tropicales, Universidad de Costa Rica , , San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica
| | | | | | | | - Gerald G Carter
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute , 0843-03092, Panama
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University , Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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2
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Sunga J, Humber J, Broders HG. Co-roosting relationships are consistent across years in a bat maternity group. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1395. [PMID: 38228618 PMCID: PMC10791638 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50191-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Long-lived, group living animals have the potential to form multiyear relationships. In some temperate bat species, maternity groups break apart and rejoin both daily, as females depart to forage and select day roosts to use, and annually, as bats leave for and return from hibernation. Here, we investigated whether bats have persistent social preferences by testing whether relationships between dyads in a focal year could be predicted by previous years. We also hypothesized that experience influences social preferences and predicted that an individual's age would influence its network position, while familiarity with bats of the same cohort would drive persistent social preferences. We quantified roost co-occurrence in little brown myotis (Myotis lucifugus) in Salmonier Nature Park, Newfoundland, Canada both within and among years. We found that roost co-occurrence patterns of previous years still had predictive value even when accounting for potential roost fidelity. However, we found no evidence that cohort familiarity or age explained any of the variation. Overall, we found long-term patterns of association in this temperate bat species that suggest levels of social complexity akin to other large mammal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Sunga
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Jessica Humber
- Department of Fisheries, Forestry and Agriculture, Government of Newfoundland and Labrador, 192 Wheeler's Road, PO Box 2007, Corner Brook, NL, A2H 7S1, Canada
| | - Hugh G Broders
- Department of Biology, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, NS, B3H 3C3, Canada.
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
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Hernández-Pinsón HA, Chaves-Ramírez S, Chaverri G. Seasonality in the Emission of Contact Calls in Spix's Disc-Winged Bats (Thyroptera tricolor) Suggests a Potential Role in Mate Attraction. ACTA CHIROPTEROLOGICA 2022. [DOI: 10.3161/15081109acc2021.23.2.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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4
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Hsu C, Kao M, Chou C, Cheng H, Liu J. Tests of hypotheses for group formation in the subtropical leaf-dwelling bat, Kerivoula furva. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:6730-6741. [PMID: 34141253 PMCID: PMC8207392 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigating factors that promote group living in animals can help us to understand the evolution of sociality. The dark woolly bat, Kerivoula furva, forms small groups and uses furled leaves of banana (Musa formosana) as day roosts in subtropical Taiwan. In this study, we reported on the roosting ecology and social organization of K. furva. We examined whether ecological constraints, demographic traits, and physiological demands contributed to its sociality. From July 2014 to May 2016, we investigated the daily roost occupation rate, group size, and composition of each roost, and we calculated association indices in pairs. The results showed K. furva lived in groups throughout the year, and the average daily roost occupation rate was approximately 6.7% of all furled leaves that were suitable for roosting. The size of roosting groups of adults in each roost varied between 1 and 13; group size was independent of air temperature during both reproductive and nonreproductive seasons. The vast majority of roosting groups was composed of females and their young, and males frequently roosted solitarily or in a bachelor group. Forty adult bats were captured ≥4 times during the study period. The association indices in pairs of these 40 bats ranged between 0 and 0.83 with an average of 0.05 ± 0.14 (n = 780). The average association index of female-female pairs was significantly higher than that of female-male pairs and male-male pairs. Based on the association indices, the 40 bats were divided into seven social groups with social group sizes that varied between 2 and 10. Despite changing day roosts frequently, the relatively stable social bonds were maintained year-round. Our results that groups of K. furva were formed by active aggregation of multiple generation members supported the demographic traits hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia‐Wei Hsu
- Department of Forestry and Natural ResourcesNational Chiayi UniversityChiayi CityTaiwan
| | - Mei‐Ting Kao
- Department of Forestry and Natural ResourcesNational Chiayi UniversityChiayi CityTaiwan
| | - Cheng‐Han Chou
- Department of Forestry and Natural ResourcesNational Chiayi UniversityChiayi CityTaiwan
| | - Hsi‐Chi Cheng
- Endemic Species Research InstituteCouncil of AgricultureJiji TownshipTaiwan
| | - Jian‐Nan Liu
- Department of Forestry and Natural ResourcesNational Chiayi UniversityChiayi CityTaiwan
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Frank SC, Pelletier F, Kopatz A, Bourret A, Garant D, Swenson JE, Eiken HG, Hagen SB, Zedrosser A. Harvest is associated with the disruption of social and fine-scale genetic structure among matrilines of a solitary large carnivore. Evol Appl 2021; 14:1023-1035. [PMID: 33897818 PMCID: PMC8061280 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Harvest can disrupt wildlife populations by removing adults with naturally high survival. This can reshape sociospatial structure, genetic composition, fitness, and potentially affect evolution. Genetic tools can detect changes in local, fine-scale genetic structure (FGS) and assess the interplay between harvest-caused social and FGS in populations. We used data on 1614 brown bears, Ursus arctos, genotyped with 16 microsatellites, to investigate whether harvest intensity (mean low: 0.13 from 1990 to 2005, mean high: 0.28 from 2006 to 2011) caused changes in FGS among matrilines (8 matrilines; 109 females ≥4 years of age), sex-specific survival and putative dispersal distances, female spatial genetic autocorrelation, matriline persistence, and male mating patterns. Increased harvest decreased FGS of matrilines. Female dispersal distances decreased, and male reproductive success was redistributed more evenly. Adult males had lower survival during high harvest, suggesting that higher male turnover caused this redistribution and helped explain decreased structure among matrilines, despite shorter female dispersal distances. Adult female survival and survival probability of both mother and daughter were lower during high harvest, indicating that matriline persistence was also lower. Our findings indicate a crucial role of regulated harvest in shaping populations, decreasing differences among "groups," even for solitary-living species, and potentially altering the evolutionary trajectory of wild populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane C. Frank
- Department of Natural Sciences and Environmental HealthUniversity of South‐Eastern NorwayTelemarkNorway
| | - Fanie Pelletier
- Département de BiologieUniversité de SherbrookeSherbrookeQCCanada
| | | | - Audrey Bourret
- Département de BiologieUniversité de SherbrookeSherbrookeQCCanada
| | - Dany Garant
- Département de BiologieUniversité de SherbrookeSherbrookeQCCanada
| | - Jon E. Swenson
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource ManagementNorwegian University of Life SciencesÅsNorway
| | | | | | - Andreas Zedrosser
- Department of Natural Sciences and Environmental HealthUniversity of South‐Eastern NorwayTelemarkNorway
- Institute of Wildlife Biology and Game ManagementUniversity of Natural Resources and Applied Life SciencesViennaAustria
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6
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Rosa ROL, Silva CHA, Oliveira TF, Silveira M, Aguiar LMS. Type of shelter and first description of the echolocation call of disk-winged bat (Thyroptera devivoi). BIOTA NEOTROPICA 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2019-0821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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7
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Pourshoushtari RD, Ammerman LK. Genetic variability and connectivity of the Mexican long-nosed bat between two distant roosts. J Mammal 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyaa138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Genetic variability generally is associated with adaptive potential of species and can be assessed using microsatellite markers. Mexican long-nosed bats (Leptonycteris nivalis) are endangered, migratory nectarivores thought to be experiencing population declines. Despite historical and current tracking efforts, migratory connections among roost sites remain elusive. Our objective was to assess the genetic variability and connectivity of two of the most geographically separated populations of L. nivalis currently known—a mating roost in central Mexico used from September to March, and a maternity roost in western Texas used by adult females and their young from June to August. Twelve loci developed for L. yerbabuenae and four for Glossophaga soricina amplified L. nivalis DNA; of those 16 loci, seven (all from L. yerbabuenae) were useful in genetic analyses of 113 individuals. High levels of genetic variation in L. nivalis from the two sites were not significantly different and no substructure was detected between these two roost sites separated by more than 1,200 km. Further, we recovered evidence of close relationship (parent–offspring) in nine pairs of juveniles captured at the northern roost and adults from the southern roost, confirming a connection between the two locations. For this endangered species, the level of variation detected, the lack of a recent bottleneck, and estimates of effective population size, are encouraging for future recovery. Management plans aimed at conserving Mexican long-nosed bats should recognize the need for managing these bats as a single population and conserving foraging and roosting habitat along migratory routes to reduce population fragmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Loren K Ammerman
- Department of Biology, Angelo State University, San Angelo, TX, USA
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8
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Bachorec E, Horáček I, Hulva P, Konečný A, Lučan RK, Jedlička P, Shohdi WM, Řeřucha Š, Abi‐Said M, Bartonička T. Egyptian fruit bats do not preferentially roost with their relatives. J Zool (1987) 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Bachorec
- Department of Botany and Zoology Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
| | - I. Horáček
- Department of Zoology Charles University in Prague Prague Czech Republic
| | - P. Hulva
- Department of Zoology Charles University in Prague Prague Czech Republic
| | - A. Konečný
- Department of Botany and Zoology Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
| | - R. K. Lučan
- Department of Zoology Charles University in Prague Prague Czech Republic
| | - P. Jedlička
- Institute of Scientific Instruments of the Czech Academy of Sciences (ISI) Brno Czech Republic
| | | | - Š. Řeřucha
- Institute of Scientific Instruments of the Czech Academy of Sciences (ISI) Brno Czech Republic
| | - M. Abi‐Said
- Department of Earth and Life Sciences Faculty of Sciences II Lebanese University JdeidehFanar Lebanon
| | - T. Bartonička
- Department of Botany and Zoology Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
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9
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Contact calling in context: intra- and intergroup variation in vocalization rates depend on a call’s function. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-020-02837-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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10
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11
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12
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Arend P. ABO phenotype-protected reproduction based on human specific α1,2 L-fucosylation as explained by the Bombay type formation. Immunobiology 2018; 223:684-693. [PMID: 30075871 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2018.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic relationship between the formation of the ABO(H) blood group phenotype and human fertility is evident in the case of the (Oh) or Bombay blood type, which Charles Darwin would have interpreted as resulting from reduced male fertility in consanguinities, based on the history of his own family, the Darwin/Wedgwood Dynasty. The classic Bombay type occurs with the extremely rare, human-specific genotype (h/h; se/se), which (due to point mutations) does not encode fucosyltransferases 1(FUT1) and 2 (FUT2). These enzymes are the basis for ABO(H) phenotype formation on the cell surfaces and fucosylation of plasma proteins, involving neonatal immunoglobulin M (IgM). In the normal human blood group O(H), which is not protected by clonal selection with regard to environmental A/B immunization, the plasma contains a mixture of non-immune and adaptive anti-A/B reactive isoagglutinins, which in the O(h) Bombay type show extremely elevated levels, associated with decreased levels of fucosylation-dependent functional plasma proteins, suchs as the van Willebrand factor (vWF) and clotting factor VIII. In fact, while the involvement of adaptive immunoglobulins remains unknown, poor fucosylation may explain the polyreactivity in the Bombay type plasma, which exhibits pronounced complement-binding cross-reactive anti-A/Tn and anti-B IgM levels, with additional anti-H reactivity, acting over a wide range of temperatures, with an amplitude at 37 °C. This aggressive anti-glycan-reactive IgM molecule suggests the induction of ADCC (antibody-dependent) and/or complement-mediated cytotoxicity via overexpressed glycosidic bond sites against the embryogenic stem cell-to-germ cell transformation, which is characterized by fleeting appearances of A-like, developmental trans-species GalNAcα1-O-Ser/Thr-R glycan, also referred to as the Tn (T "nouvelle") antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Arend
- Philipps University Marburg, Department of Medicine, D-355, Marburg, Lahn, Germany; Gastroenterology Research Laboratory, University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA; Research Laboratories, Chemie Grünenthal GmbH, D-52062 Aachen, Germany.
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13
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Geographic variation of contact calls suggest distinct modes of vocal transmission in a leaf-roosting bat. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-018-2543-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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14
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Wilkinson GS, Carter GG, Bohn KM, Adams DM. Non-kin cooperation in bats. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2016; 371:20150095. [PMID: 26729934 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2015.0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many bats are extremely social. In some cases, individuals remain together for years or even decades and engage in mutually beneficial behaviours among non-related individuals. Here, we summarize ways in which unrelated bats cooperate while roosting, foraging, feeding or caring for offspring. For each situation, we ask if cooperation involves an investment, and if so, what mechanisms might ensure a return. While some cooperative outcomes are likely a by-product of selfish behaviour as they are in many other vertebrates, we explain how cooperative investments can occur in several situations and are particularly evident in food sharing among common vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus) and alloparental care by greater spear-nosed bats (Phyllostomus hastatus). Fieldwork and experiments on vampire bats indicate that sharing blood with non-kin expands the number of possible donors beyond kin and promotes reciprocal help by strengthening long-term social bonds. Similarly, more than 25 years of recapture data and field observations of greater spear-nosed bats reveal multiple cooperative investments occurring within stable groups of non-kin. These studies illustrate how bats can serve as models for understanding how cooperation is regulated in social vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald S Wilkinson
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Gerald G Carter
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, P.O. Box 0843-00153, Panama City, Republic of Panama
| | - Kirsten M Bohn
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Danielle M Adams
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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Sagot M, Phillips CD, Baker RJ, Stevens RD. Human-modified habitats change patterns of population genetic structure and group relatedness in Peter's tent-roosting bats. Ecol Evol 2016; 6:6050-63. [PMID: 27648225 PMCID: PMC5016631 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Although coloniality is widespread among mammals, it is still not clear what factors influence composition of social groups. As animals need to adapt to multiple habitat and environmental conditions throughout their range, variation in group composition should be influenced by adaptive adjustment to different ecological factors. Relevant to anthropogenic disturbance, increased habitat modification by humans can alter species' presence, density, and population structure. Therefore, it is important to understand the consequences of changes to landscape composition, in particular how habitat modification affects social structure of group-forming organisms. Here, we combine information on roosting associations with genetic structure of Peter's tent-roosting bats, Uroderma bilobatum to address how different habitat characteristics at different scales affect structure of social groups. By dividing analyses by age and sex, we determined that genetic structure was greater for adult females than adult males or offspring. Habitat variables explained 80% of the variation in group relatedness (mainly influenced by female relatedness) with roost characteristics contributing the most explained variation. This suggests that females using roosts of specific characteristics exhibit higher relatedness and seem to be philopatric. These females mate with more males than do more labile female groups. Results describe ecological and microevolutionary processes, which affect relatedness and social structure; findings are highly relevant to species distributions in both natural and human-modified environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sagot
- Department of Biological SciencesState University of New York at OswegoOswegoNew York13126
| | - Caleb D. Phillips
- Department of Biological SciencesTexas Tech UniversityLubbockTexas79409
| | - Robert J. Baker
- Department of Biological SciencesTexas Tech UniversityLubbockTexas79409
| | - Richard D. Stevens
- Department of Natural Resources ManagementTexas Tech UniversityLubbockTexas79409
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16
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Behavioural strategies associated with using an ephemeral roosting resource in Spix's disc-winged bat. Anim Behav 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2015.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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López-Uribe MM, Morreale SJ, Santiago CK, Danforth BN. Nest suitability, fine-scale population structure and male-mediated dispersal of a solitary ground nesting bee in an urban landscape. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125719. [PMID: 25950429 PMCID: PMC4423849 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bees are the primary pollinators of flowering plants in almost all ecosystems. Worldwide declines in bee populations have raised awareness about the importance of their ecological role in maintaining ecosystem functioning. The naturally strong philopatric behavior that some bee species show can be detrimental to population viability through increased probability of inbreeding. Furthermore, bee populations found in human-altered landscapes, such as urban areas, can experience lower levels of gene flow and effective population sizes, increasing potential for inbreeding depression in wild bee populations. In this study, we investigated the fine-scale population structure of the solitary bee Colletes inaequalis in an urbanized landscape. First, we developed a predictive spatial model to detect suitable nesting habitat for this ground nesting bee and to inform our field search for nests. We genotyped 18 microsatellites in 548 female individuals collected from nest aggregations throughout the study area. Genetic relatedness estimates revealed that genetic similarity among individuals was slightly greater within nest aggregations than among randomly chosen individuals. However, genetic structure among nest aggregations was low (Nei's GST = 0.011). Reconstruction of parental genotypes revealed greater genetic relatedness among females than among males within nest aggregations, suggesting male-mediated dispersal as a potentially important mechanism of population connectivity and inbreeding avoidance. Size of nesting patch was positively correlated with effective population size, but not with other estimators of genetic diversity. We detected a positive trend between geographic distance and genetic differentiation between nest aggregations. Our landscape genetic models suggest that increased urbanization is likely associated with higher levels of inbreeding. Overall, these findings emphasize the importance of density and distribution of suitable nesting patches for enhancing bee population abundance and connectivity in human dominated habitats and highlights the critical contribution of landscape genetic studies for enhanced conservation and management of native pollinators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephen J. Morreale
- Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, United States of America
| | - Christine K. Santiago
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, United States of America
| | - Bryan N. Danforth
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, United States of America
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18
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Chaverri G, Gillam EH. Repeatability in the contact calling system of Spix's disc-winged bat (Thyroptera tricolor). ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2015; 2:140197. [PMID: 26064578 PMCID: PMC4448792 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.140197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Spix's disc-winged bat (Thyroptera tricolor) forms cohesive groups despite using an extremely ephemeral roost, partly due to the use of two acoustic signals that help individuals locate roost sites and group members. While the calls that aid in group cohesion are commonly used, some bats rarely or never produce them. Here, we examine whether the differences observed in the contact calling behaviour of T. tricolor are repeatable; that is, whether individual differences are consistent. We recorded contact calls of individuals in the field and rates and patterns of vocalization. To determine whether measured variables were consistent within individuals, we estimated repeatability (R), which compares within-individual to among-individual variance in behavioural traits. Our results show that repeatability for call variables was moderate but significant, and that repeatability was highest for the average number of calls produced (R=0.46-0.49). Our results demonstrate important individual differences in the contact calling behaviour of T. tricolor; we discuss how these could be the result of mechanisms such as frequency-dependent selection that favour groups composed of individuals with diverse vocal strategies. Future work should address whether changes in social environment, specifically group membership and social status, affect vocal behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erin H. Gillam
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
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19
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Mabry KE. Effects of sex and population density on dispersal and spatial genetic structure in brush mice. J Mammal 2014. [DOI: 10.1644/14-mamm-a-008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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