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N. M. Furtado A, Leonardi M, Comandini O, Neves MA, C. Rinaldi A. Restinga ectomycorrhizae: a work in progress. F1000Res 2023; 12:317. [PMID: 37265684 PMCID: PMC10230178 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.131558.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The Brazilian Atlantic Forest is one of the most biodiverse terrestrial ecoregions of the world. Among its constituents, restinga vegetation makes a particular case, acting as a buffer zone between the oceans and the forest. Covering some 80% of Brazilian coastline (over 7,300 km in length), restinga is a harsh environment where plants and fungi interact in complex ways that just now are beginning to be unveiled. Ectomycorrhizal symbiosis, in particular, plays a so far ungauged and likely underestimated role. We recently described the morpho-anatomical and molecular features of the ectomycorrhizae formed by several basidiomycetous mycobionts on the host plant Guapira opposita, but the mycorrhizal biology of restinga is still largely unexplored. Here, we report new data on the ectomycorrhizal fungal symbionts of G. opposita, based on the collection of sporomata and ectomycorrhizal root tips in restinga stands occurring in southern Brazil. Methods: To obtain a broader view of restinga mycorrhizal and ecological potential, we compiled a comprehensive and up-to-date checklist of fungal species reported or supposed to establish ectomycorrhizae on restinga-inhabiting host plants, mainly on the basis of field observations. Results: Our list comprises some 726 records, 74 of which correspond to putative ectomycorrhizal taxa specifically associated with restinga. These include several members of Boletaceae, Amanita, Tomentella/ Thelephora, Russula/ Lactifluus, and Clavulina, as well as hypogeous fungi, like the recently described Longistriata flava. Conclusions: Our survey reveals a significant diversity of the restinga ectomycorrhizal mycobiota, indicating the importance of this symbiosis for the ecological functioning of a unique yet poorly known and threatened ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariadne N. M. Furtado
- Departamento de Botânica, Campus Universitário Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-960, Brazil
| | - Marco Leonardi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, della Salute e dell'Ambiente, Universita degli Studi dell'Aquila, L'Aquila, Abruzzo, I-67100, Italy
| | - Ornella Comandini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Universita degli Studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Sardinia, I-09042, Italy
| | - Maria Alice Neves
- Departamento de Botânica, Campus Universitário Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-960, Brazil
| | - Andrea C. Rinaldi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Universita degli Studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Sardinia, I-09042, Italy
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Cunha Neto IL, Pace MR, Hernández-Gutiérrez R, Angyalossy V. Linking the evolution of development of stem vascular system in Nyctaginaceae and its correlation to habit and species diversification. EvoDevo 2022; 13:4. [PMID: 35093184 PMCID: PMC8801151 DOI: 10.1186/s13227-021-00190-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alternative patterns of secondary growth in stems of Nyctaginaceae is present in all growth habits of the family and have been known for a long time. However, the interpretation of types of cambial variants have been controversial, given that different authors have given them different developmental interpretations. The different growth habits coupled with an enormous stem anatomical diversity offers the unique opportunity to investigate the evolution of complex developments, to address how these anatomies shifted within habits, and how the acquisition of novel cambial variants and habit transitions impacted the diversification of the family. METHODS We integrated developmental data with a phylogenetic framework to investigate the diversity and evolution of stem anatomy in Nyctaginaceae using phylogenetic comparative methods, reconstructing ancestral states, and examining whether anatomical shifts correspond to species diversification rate shifts in the family. RESULTS Two types of cambial variants, interxylary phloem and successive cambia, were recorded in Nyctaginaceae, which result from four different ontogenies. These ontogenetic trajectories depart from two distinct primary vascular structures (regular or polycyclic eustele) yet, they contain shared developmental stages which generate stem morphologies with deconstructed boundaries of morphological categories (continuum morphology). Unlike our a priori hypotheses, interxylary phloem is reconstructed as the ancestral character for the family, with three ontogenies characterized as successive cambia evolving in few taxa. Cambial variants are not contingent on habits, and their transitions are independent from species diversification. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that multiple developmental mechanisms, such as heterochrony and heterotopy, generate the transitions between interxylary phloem and successive cambia. Intermediate between these two extremes are present in Nyctaginaceae, suggesting a continuum morphology across the family as a generator of anatomical diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel L Cunha Neto
- Laboratório de Anatomia Vegetal, Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 277, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
- School of Integrative Plant Sciences and L.H. Bailey Hortorium, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
| | - Marcelo R Pace
- Departamento de Botánica, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Zona Deportiva s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Coyoacán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rebeca Hernández-Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Botánica, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Zona Deportiva s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Coyoacán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Veronica Angyalossy
- Laboratório de Anatomia Vegetal, Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 277, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Waring BG, Pérez‐Aviles D, Murray JG, Powers JS. Plant community responses to stand‐level nutrient fertilization in a secondary tropical dry forest. Ecology 2019; 100:e02691. [DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie G. Waring
- Departments of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior and Plant and Microbial Biology University of Minnesota Saint Paul Minnesota 55108 USA
| | - Daniel Pérez‐Aviles
- Departments of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior and Plant and Microbial Biology University of Minnesota Saint Paul Minnesota 55108 USA
| | - Jessica G. Murray
- Department of Biology and Ecology Center Utah State University Logan Utah 84321 USA
| | - Jennifer S. Powers
- Departments of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior and Plant and Microbial Biology University of Minnesota Saint Paul Minnesota 55108 USA
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Panamá República de Panamá
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Wu BW, Gao C, Chen L, Buscot F, Goldmann K, Purahong W, Ji NN, Wang YL, Lü PP, Li XC, Guo LD. Host Phylogeny Is a Major Determinant of Fagaceae-Associated Ectomycorrhizal Fungal Community Assembly at a Regional Scale. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2409. [PMID: 30364168 PMCID: PMC6191505 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental filtering (niche process) and dispersal limitation (neutral process) are two of the primary forces driving community assembly in ecosystems, but how these processes affect the Fagaceae-associated ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungal community at regional scales is so far poorly documented. We examined the EM fungal communities of 61 plant species in six genera belonging to the Fagaceae distributed across Chinese forest ecosystems (geographic distance up to ∼3,757 km) using Illumina Miseq sequencing of ITS2 sequences. The relative effects of environmental filtering (e.g., host plant phylogeny, soil and climate) and dispersal limitation (e.g., spatial distance) on the EM fungal community were distinguished using multiple models. In total, 2,706 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of EM fungi, corresponding to 54 fungal lineages, were recovered at a 97% sequence similarity level. The EM fungal OTU richness was significantly affected by soil pH and nutrients and by host phylogeny. The EM fungal community composition was significantly influenced by combinations of host phylogeny, spatial distance, soil and climate. Furthermore, host phylogeny had the greatest effect on EM fungal community. The study suggests that the assembly of the EM fungal community is governed by both environmental filtering and dispersal limitation, with host effect being the most important determinant at the regional scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin-Wei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Halle, Germany
| | - Cheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - François Buscot
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Halle, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kezia Goldmann
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Halle, Germany
| | - Witoon Purahong
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Halle, Germany
| | - Niu-Niu Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Long Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peng-Peng Lü
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xing-Chun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang-Dong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Caraballo-Ortiz MA, Trejo-Torres JC. Two new endemic tree species from Puerto Rico: Pisonia horneae and Pisonia roqueae (Nyctaginaceae). PHYTOKEYS 2017; 86:97-115. [PMID: 29158698 PMCID: PMC5672120 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.86.11249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we describe two endemic tree species of Pisonia (Caryophyllales: Nyctaginaceae) from Puerto Rico that were erroneously catalogued under the single name Pisonia subcordata var. typica f. gigantophylla, misidentified as P. albida or P. subcordata, and informally named as "P. borinquena" and "P. woodburyana". The species here named as P. horneae is a rare to locally occasional tree from low elevations in the Northern Karst and the Sierra de Cayey. The other species, here named as P. roqueae, is a rare to locally common tree from mid to high elevations in the Central Mountain Range and the Luquillo Mountains. We provide an account of the taxonomical and nomenclatural history of both species, images, conservation notes, a distribution map, and a key to distinguish the species of Pisonia present in Puerto Rico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos A. Caraballo-Ortiz
- The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Biology, 208 Mueller Laboratory, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
| | - Jorge C. Trejo-Torres
- The Institute for Regional Conservation, 100 East Linton Boulevard, Suite 302B, Delray Beach, Florida, 33483, USA
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Gilbert GS, Parker IM. The Evolutionary Ecology of Plant Disease: A Phylogenetic Perspective. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2016; 54:549-78. [PMID: 27359365 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-102313-045959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
An explicit phylogenetic perspective provides useful tools for phytopathology and plant disease ecology because the traits of both plants and microbes are shaped by their evolutionary histories. We present brief primers on phylogenetic signal and the analytical tools of phylogenetic ecology. We review the literature and find abundant evidence of phylogenetic signal in pathogens and plants for most traits involved in disease interactions. Plant nonhost resistance mechanisms and pathogen housekeeping functions are conserved at deeper phylogenetic levels, whereas molecular traits associated with rapid coevolutionary dynamics are more labile at branch tips. Horizontal gene transfer disrupts the phylogenetic signal for some microbial traits. Emergent traits, such as host range and disease severity, show clear phylogenetic signals. Therefore pathogen spread and disease impact are influenced by the phylogenetic structure of host assemblages. Phylogenetically rare species escape disease pressure. Phylogenetic tools could be used to develop predictive tools for phytosanitary risk analysis and reduce disease pressure in multispecies cropping systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory S Gilbert
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064;
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancón, Republic of Panamá 0843-03092
| | - Ingrid M Parker
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064;
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancón, Republic of Panamá 0843-03092
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Alvarez-Manjarrez J, Villegas-Ríos M, Garibay-Orijel R, Contreras-Pacheco M, Kõljalg U. Tomentella brunneoincrustata, the first described species of the Pisonieae-associated Neotropical Tomentella clade, and phylogenetic analysis of the genus in Mexico. Mycol Prog 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-015-1152-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Henke C, Jung EM, Kothe E. Hartig' net formation of Tricholoma vaccinum-spruce ectomycorrhiza in hydroponic cultures. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:19394-9. [PMID: 25791268 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4354-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
For re-forestation of metal-contaminated land, ectomycorrhizal trees may provide a solution. Hence, the study of the interaction is necessary to allow for comprehensive understanding of the mutually symbiotic features. On a structural level, hyphal mantle and the Hartig' net formed in the root apoplast are essential for plant protection and mycorrhizal functioning. As a model, we used the basidiomycete Tricholoma vaccinum and its host spruce (Picea abies). Using an optimized hydroponic cultivation system, both features could be visualized and lower stress response of the tree was obtained in non-challenged cultivation. Larger spaces in the apoplasts could be shown with high statistical significance. The easy accessibility will allow to address metal stress or molecular responses in both partners. Additionally, the proposed cultivation system will enable for other experimental applications like addressing flooding, biological interactions with helper bacteria, chemical signaling, or other biotic or abiotic challenges relevant in the natural habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Henke
- Institute of Microbiology, Microbial Communication, Friedrich Schiller University, Neugasse 25, 07734, Jena, Germany.
| | - Elke-Martina Jung
- Institute of Microbiology, Microbial Communication, Friedrich Schiller University, Neugasse 25, 07734, Jena, Germany
| | - Erika Kothe
- Institute of Microbiology, Microbial Communication, Friedrich Schiller University, Neugasse 25, 07734, Jena, Germany
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New evidence of ectomycorrhizal fungi in the Hawaiian Islands associated with the endemic host Pisonia sandwicensis (Nyctaginaceae). FUNGAL ECOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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