1
|
Ridel A, Lafage D, Devogel P, Lacoue-Labarthe T, Pétillon J. Habitat filtering differentially modulates phylogenetic and functional diversity relationships between predatory arthropods. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2021; 8:202093. [PMID: 34109036 PMCID: PMC8170193 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.202093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mechanisms underlying biological diversities at different scales have received significant attention over the last decades. The hypothesis of whether local abiotic factors, driving functional and phylogenetic diversities, can differ among taxa of arthropods remains under-investigated. In this study, we compared correlations and drivers of functional diversity (FD) and phylogenetic diversity (PD) between spiders and carabids, two dominant taxa of ground-dwelling arthropods in salt marshes. Both taxa exhibited high correlation between FD and PD; the correlation was even higher in carabids, probably owing to their lower species richness. Analyses using structural equation modelling highlighted that FD and PD were positively linked to taxonomic diversity (TD) in both taxa; however, abiotic factors driving the FD and PD differed between spiders and carabids. Salinity particularly drove the TD of carabids, but not that of spiders, suggesting that spiders are phenotypically more plastic and less selected by this factor. Conversely, PD was influenced by salinity in spiders, but not in carabids. This result can be attributed to the different evolutionary history and colonization process of salt marshes between the two model taxa. Finally, our study highlights that, in taxa occupying the same niche in a constrained habitat, FD and PD can have different drivers, and thereby different filtering mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Ridel
- UMR CNRS 6553 Ecobio, Université de Rennes, 263 Avenue du Gal Leclerc, CS 74205, 35042 Rennes cedex, France
| | - Denis Lafage
- UMR CNRS 6553 Ecobio, Université de Rennes, 263 Avenue du Gal Leclerc, CS 74205, 35042 Rennes cedex, France
| | - Pierre Devogel
- UMR CNRS 6553 Ecobio, Université de Rennes, 263 Avenue du Gal Leclerc, CS 74205, 35042 Rennes cedex, France
| | - Thomas Lacoue-Labarthe
- UMR CNRS 7266 LIENSs, Université de La Rochelle, 2 Rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000 La Rochelle, France
| | - Julien Pétillon
- UMR CNRS 6553 Ecobio, Université de Rennes, 263 Avenue du Gal Leclerc, CS 74205, 35042 Rennes cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
McCulloch GA, Oliphant A, Dearden PK, Veale AJ, Ellen CW, Waters JM. Comparative transcriptomic analysis of a wing-dimorphic stonefly reveals candidate wing loss genes. EvoDevo 2019; 10:21. [PMID: 31516688 PMCID: PMC6728979 DOI: 10.1186/s13227-019-0135-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The genetic basis of wing development has been well characterised for model insect species, but remains poorly understood in phylogenetically divergent, non-model taxa. Wing-polymorphic insect species potentially provide ideal systems for unravelling the genetic basis of secondary wing reduction. Stoneflies (Plecoptera) represent an anciently derived insect assemblage for which the genetic basis of wing polymorphism remains unclear. We undertake quantitative RNA-seq of sympatric full-winged versus vestigial-winged nymphs of a widespread wing-dimorphic New Zealand stonefly, Zelandoperla fenestrata, to identify genes potentially involved in wing development and secondary wing loss. Results Our analysis reveals substantial differential expression of wing-development genes between full-winged versus vestigial-winged stonefly ecotypes. Specifically, of 23 clusters showing significant similarity to Drosophila wing development-related genes and their pea aphid orthologues, nine were significantly upregulated in full-winged stonefly ecotypes, whereas only one cluster (teashirt) was substantially upregulated in the vestigial-winged ecotype. Conclusions These findings suggest remarkable conservation of key wing-development pathways throughout 400 Ma of insect evolution. The finding that two Juvenile Hormone pathway clusters were significantly upregulated in vestigial-winged Zelandoperla supports the hypothesis that Juvenile Hormone may play a key role in modulating insect wing polymorphism, as has previously been suggested for other insect lineages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Graham A McCulloch
- 1Department of Zoology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, 9054 New Zealand
| | - Andrew Oliphant
- 2Genomics Aotearoa and Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, 9054 New Zealand
| | - Peter K Dearden
- 2Genomics Aotearoa and Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, 9054 New Zealand
| | - Andrew J Veale
- 1Department of Zoology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, 9054 New Zealand.,3Landcare Research, Private Bag 92170, Auckland Mail Centre, Auckland, 1142 New Zealand
| | - Charles W Ellen
- 1Department of Zoology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, 9054 New Zealand
| | - Jonathan M Waters
- 1Department of Zoology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, 9054 New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Van Belleghem SM, Vangestel C, De Wolf K, De Corte Z, Möst M, Rastas P, De Meester L, Hendrickx F. Evolution at two time frames: Polymorphisms from an ancient singular divergence event fuel contemporary parallel evolution. PLoS Genet 2018; 14:e1007796. [PMID: 30422983 PMCID: PMC6258555 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
When environments change, populations may adapt surprisingly fast, repeatedly and even at microgeographic scales. There is increasing evidence that such cases of rapid parallel evolution are fueled by standing genetic variation, but the source of this genetic variation remains poorly understood. In the saltmarsh beetle Pogonus chalceus, short-winged 'tidal' and long-winged 'seasonal' ecotypes have diverged in response to contrasting hydrological regimes and can be repeatedly found along the Atlantic European coast. By analyzing genomic variation across the beetles' distribution, we reveal that alleles selected in the tidal ecotype are spread across the genome and evolved during a singular and, likely, geographically isolated divergence event, within the last 190 Kya. Due to subsequent admixture, the ancient and differentially selected alleles are currently polymorphic in most populations across its range, which could potentially allow for the fast evolution of one ecotype from a small number of random individuals, as low as 5 to 15, from a population of the other ecotype. Our results suggest that cases of fast parallel ecological divergence can be the result of evolution at two different time frames: divergence in the past, followed by repeated selection on the same divergently evolved alleles after admixture. These findings highlight the importance of an ancient and, likely, allopatric divergence event for driving the rate and direction of contemporary fast evolution under gene flow. This mechanism is potentially driven by periods of geographic isolation imposed by large-scale environmental changes such as glacial cycles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven M. Van Belleghem
- Directorate Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Biology Department, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Carl Vangestel
- Directorate Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Biology Department, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Katrien De Wolf
- Directorate Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Biology Department, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Zoë De Corte
- Directorate Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Markus Möst
- Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Pasi Rastas
- Ecological Genetics Research Unit, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Luc De Meester
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frederik Hendrickx
- Directorate Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Biology Department, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Renault D, Laparie M, McCauley SJ, Bonte D. Environmental Adaptations, Ecological Filtering, and Dispersal Central to Insect Invasions. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 63:345-368. [PMID: 29029589 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ento-020117-043315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Insect invasions, the establishment and spread of nonnative insects in new regions, can have extensive economic and environmental consequences. Increased global connectivity accelerates rates of introductions, while climate change may decrease the barriers to invader species' spread. We follow an individual-level insect- and arachnid-centered perspective to assess how the process of invasion is influenced by phenotypic heterogeneity associated with dispersal and stress resistance, and their coupling, across the multiple steps of the invasion process. We also provide an overview and synthesis on the importance of environmental filters during the entire invasion process for the facilitation or inhibition of invasive insect population spread. Finally, we highlight important research gaps and the relevance and applicability of ongoing natural range expansions in the context of climate change to gain essential mechanistic insights into insect invasions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Renault
- University of Rennes 1, UMR CNRS 6553 EcoBio, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France;
- Institut Universitaire de France, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Mathieu Laparie
- URZF, INRA, Forest Zoology Research Unit (0633), 45075 Orléans, France;
| | - Shannon J McCauley
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada;
| | - Dries Bonte
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Department of Biology, Ghent University, B-9090 Ghent, Belgium;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Van Belleghem SM, Hendrickx F. Response to Akcali et al.: What keeps them from mingling. Evolution 2017; 71:2762-2764. [PMID: 28975607 DOI: 10.1111/evo.13371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The salt marsh beetle Pogonus chalceus has diverged into short- and long-winged populations, which can be found in hundreds of interlaced habitat patches that sharply differ in their hydrological regime. In a recent study, we investigated how a behavioral adaptation to these contrasting hydrological regimes might drive the neat spatial sorting of the ecotypes and facilitate divergence. Simulated inundation experiments revealed that the ecotypes differ in dispersal response toward the hydrological regime and that this is a plastic behavior imprinted during the nondispersive immature stages. In their comment, Akcali and Porter (2017) question if the observed plastic response would effectively reduce gene-flow in this system. Based on the natural history of this species we demonstrate why this is plausible and we propose future avenues that may further strengthen this conclusion. In addition, Akcali and Porter (2017) illustrate some current inconsistencies in the use of terminology of the different habitat choice mechanisms. We agree that proper classification of the existing theories is indispensable in advancing the field of habitat choice mechanisms and their effect on gene flow, but the unique attributes of any given biological system may thwart this exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven M Van Belleghem
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, United Kingdom.,Entomology Department, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, 1000 Brussels, Belgium.,Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Biology Department, Ghent University, B-9000 Gent, Belgium.,Current Address: Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, United Kingdom
| | - Frederik Hendrickx
- Entomology Department, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, 1000 Brussels, Belgium.,Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Biology Department, Ghent University, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Van Belleghem SM, De Wolf K, Hendrickx F. Behavioral adaptations imply a direct link between ecological specialization and reproductive isolation in a sympatrically diverging ground beetle. Evolution 2016; 70:1904-12. [PMID: 27405686 DOI: 10.1111/evo.12998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Adaptation to a previously unoccupied niche within a single population is one of the most contentious topics in evolutionary biology as it assumes the simultaneous evolution of ecologically selected and preference traits. Here, we demonstrate behavioral adaptation to contrasting hydrological regimes in a sympatric mosaic of Pogonus chalceus beetle populations, and argue that this adaptation may result in nonrandom gene flow. When exposed to experimental inundations, individuals from tidal marshes, which are naturally subjected to frequent but short floods, showed a higher propensity to remain submerged compared to individuals from seasonal marshes that are inundated for several months. This adaptive behavior is expected to decrease the probability that individuals will settle in the alternative habitat, resulting in spatial sorting and reproductive isolation of both ecotypes. Additionally, we show that this difference in behavior is induced by the environmental conditions experienced by the beetles during their nondispersive larval stages. Hence, accidental or forced ovipositioning in the alternative habitat may induce both an increased performance and preference to the natal habitat type. Such plastic traits could play an important role in the most incipient stages of divergence with gene flow.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven M Van Belleghem
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Biology Department, Ghent University, B-9000 Gent, Belgium. .,Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Entomology Department, 1000 Brussels, Belgium. .,Department of Biology, Center for Applied Tropical Ecology and Conservation, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico.
| | - Katrien De Wolf
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Biology Department, Ghent University, B-9000 Gent, Belgium.,Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Entomology Department, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Frederik Hendrickx
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Biology Department, Ghent University, B-9000 Gent, Belgium.,Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Entomology Department, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rieseberg L, Geraldes A. Editorial 2016. Mol Ecol 2016; 25:433-49. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.13508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
8
|
Ellingson RA, Krug PJ. Reduced genetic diversity and increased reproductive isolation follow population-level loss of larval dispersal in a marine gastropod. Evolution 2015; 70:18-37. [PMID: 26635309 DOI: 10.1111/evo.12830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Population-level consequences of dispersal ability remain poorly understood, especially for marine animals in which dispersal is typically considered a species-level trait governed by oceanographic transport of microscopic larvae. Transitions from dispersive (planktotrophic) to nondispersive, aplanktonic larvae are predicted to reduce connectivity, genetic diversity within populations, and the spatial scale at which reproductive isolation evolves. However, larval dimorphism within a species is rare, precluding population-level tests. We show the sea slug Costasiella ocellifera expresses both larval morphs in Florida and the Caribbean, regions with divergent mitochondrial lineages. Planktotrophy predominated at 11 sites, 10 of which formed a highly connected and genetically diverse Caribbean metapopulation. Four populations expressed mainly aplanktonic development and had markedly reduced connectivity, and lower genetic diversity at one mitochondrial and six nuclear loci. Aplanktonic dams showed partial postzygotic isolation in most interpopulation crosses, regardless of genetic or geographic distance to the sire's source, suggesting that outbreeding depression affects fragmented populations. Dams from genetically isolated and neighboring populations also exhibited premating isolation, consistent with reinforcement contingent on historical interaction. By increasing self-recruitment and genetic drift, the loss of dispersal may thus initiate a feedback loop resulting in the evolution of reproductive isolation over small spatial scales in the sea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A Ellingson
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, 5151 State University Dr., Los Angeles, California, 90032-8201
| | - Patrick J Krug
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, 5151 State University Dr., Los Angeles, California, 90032-8201.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Raeymaekers JAM, Backeljau T. Recurrent adaptation in a low-dispersal trait. Mol Ecol 2015; 24:699-701. [PMID: 25684553 DOI: 10.1111/mec.13081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The study of natural populations from contrasting environments has greatly enhanced our understanding of ecological-dependent selection, adaptation and speciation. Cases of parallel evolution in particular have facilitated the study of the molecular and genetic basis of adaptive variation. This includes the type and number of genes underlying adaptive traits, as well as the extent to which these genes are exchanged among populations and contribute repeatedly to parallel evolution. Yet, surprisingly few studies provide a comprehensive view on the evolutionary history of adaptive traits from mutation to widespread adaptation. When did key mutations arise, how did they increase in frequency, and how did they spread? In this issue of Molecular Ecology, Van Belleghem et al. (2015) reconstruct the evolutionary history of a gene associated with wing size in the salt marsh beetle Pogonus chalceus. Screening the entire distribution range of this species, they found a single origin for the allele associated with the short-winged ecotype. This allele seemingly evolved in an isolated population and rapidly introgressed into other populations. These findings suggest that the adaptive genetic variation found in sympatric short- and long-winged populations has an allopatric origin, confirming that allopatric phases may be important at early stages of speciation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joost A M Raeymaekers
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Genomics, University of Leuven, Ch. Deberiotstraat, 32, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hendrickx F, Backeljau T, Dekoninck W, Van Belleghem SM, Vandomme V, Vangestel C. Persistent inter- and intraspecific gene exchange within a parallel radiation of caterpillar hunter beetles (Calosomasp.) from the Galápagos. Mol Ecol 2015; 24:3107-21. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.13233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Hendrickx
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences; Vautierstraat 29 Brussels 1000 Belgium
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit (TEREC); Biology Department; Ghent University; K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35 Gent 9000 Belgium
| | - Thierry Backeljau
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences; Vautierstraat 29 Brussels 1000 Belgium
- Evolutionary Ecology Group; Department of Biology; University of Antwerp; Groenenborgerlaan 171 Antwerp 2020 Belgium
| | - Wouter Dekoninck
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences; Vautierstraat 29 Brussels 1000 Belgium
| | - Steven M. Van Belleghem
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences; Vautierstraat 29 Brussels 1000 Belgium
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit (TEREC); Biology Department; Ghent University; K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35 Gent 9000 Belgium
| | - Viki Vandomme
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit (TEREC); Biology Department; Ghent University; K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35 Gent 9000 Belgium
| | - Carl Vangestel
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences; Vautierstraat 29 Brussels 1000 Belgium
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit (TEREC); Biology Department; Ghent University; K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35 Gent 9000 Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cobben M, Verboom J, Opdam P, Hoekstra R, Jochem R, Smulders M. Spatial sorting and range shifts: Consequences for evolutionary potential and genetic signature of a dispersal trait. J Theor Biol 2015; 373:92-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2015.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|