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Zhang Q, Zhang J, Sun X, Wang F, Wang R, Wang H, Zheng P. Mating strategies of Vitex negundo L. var. heterophylla (Franch.) Rehder (Lamiaceae): A mixed mating system with inbreeding depression. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e10927. [PMID: 38414571 PMCID: PMC10897527 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant reproductive ecology is one of the research hotspots in ecology. With the increasing attention paid to the conservation of plant diversity, the research on reproductive characteristics and flowering biological characteristics of more species has attracted more attention. However, plant reproduction is affected by multiple interacting factors such as pollen limitation and resource availability. Vitex negundo var. heterophylla (Franch.) Rehder (Lamiaceae) is a significant species for water and soil conservation. Previous studies have revealed its mating system by the biological characteristics of flowering and SSR markers, but its reproductive strategies remain to be further studied. We evaluated reproductive success through artificial pollination to explore the reproductive characteristics of V. negundo var. heterophylla for the first time. From the results of fruit set, there is a mixed mating system dominated by outcrossing in V. negundo var. heterophylla accompanied by self-compatibility, and it cannot carry out autonomous selfing. Our data show the pollinator-mediated interaction in the success of reproduction, whereas the effect of anemophily is very weak. And the seed germination rate of inbred line progenies was lower than that of hybrid progenies, which is suspected to be caused by inbreeding depression. The research will provide scientific information for the protection and conservation of V. negundo var. heterophylla from the point of view of reproduction. In sum, the results are necessary to protect animal vectors in the background of insect decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, School of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
- Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Vegetation EcologyShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
- Qingdao Forest Ecology Research Station of National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Jilin Zhang
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, School of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
- Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Vegetation EcologyShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
- Qingdao Forest Ecology Research Station of National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Xiaohan Sun
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, School of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
- Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Vegetation EcologyShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
- Qingdao Forest Ecology Research Station of National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Feng Wang
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, School of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
- Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Vegetation EcologyShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
- Qingdao Forest Ecology Research Station of National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Renqing Wang
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, School of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
- Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Vegetation EcologyShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
- Qingdao Forest Ecology Research Station of National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Hui Wang
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, School of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
- Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Vegetation EcologyShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
- Qingdao Forest Ecology Research Station of National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Peiming Zheng
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, School of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
- Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Vegetation EcologyShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
- Qingdao Forest Ecology Research Station of National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
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Chen P, Zhang J. Transcriptomic analysis reveals the rareness of genetic assimilation of gene expression in environmental adaptations. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi3053. [PMID: 37756399 PMCID: PMC10530075 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi3053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Genetic assimilation is the evolutionary process by which an environmentally induced phenotype becomes genetically encoded and constitutive. Genetic assimilation has been proposed as a concluding step in environmental adaptation, but its prevalence has not been systematically investigated. Analyzing transcriptomic data collected upon reciprocal transplant, we address this question in the experimental evolution, domestication, or natural evolution of seven diverse species. We find that genetic assimilation of environment-induced gene expression is the exception rather than the rule and that substantially more genes retain than lose their expression plasticity upon organismal adaptations to new environments. The probability of genetic assimilation of gene expression decreases with the expression level and number of transcription factors controlling the gene, suggesting that genetic assimilation results primarily from passive losses of gene regulations that are not mutationally robust. Hence, for gene expression, our findings argue against the purported generality or importance of genetic assimilation to environmental adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piaopiao Chen
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Hoy SR, Hedrick PW, Peterson RO, Vucetich LM, Brzeski KE, Vucetich JA. The far-reaching effects of genetic process in a keystone predator species, grey wolves. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadc8724. [PMID: 37611108 PMCID: PMC10446474 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adc8724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Although detrimental genetic processes are known to adversely affect the viability of populations, little is known about how detrimental genetic processes in a keystone species can affect the functioning of ecosystems. Here, we assessed how changes in the genetic characteristics of a keystone predator, grey wolves, affected the ecosystem of Isle Royale National Park over two decades. Changes in the genetic characteristic of the wolf population associated with a genetic rescue event, followed by high levels of inbreeding, led to a rise and then fall in predation rates on moose, the primary prey of wolves and dominant mammalian herbivore in this system. Those changes in predation rate led to large fluctuations in moose abundance, which in turn affected browse rates on balsam fir, the dominant forage for moose during winter and an important boreal forest species. Thus, forest dynamics can be traced back to changes in the genetic characteristics of a predator population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah R. Hoy
- College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931
| | | | - Rolf O. Peterson
- College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931
| | - Leah M. Vucetich
- College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931
| | - Kristin E. Brzeski
- College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931
| | - John A. Vucetich
- College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931
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Johnson N, Zhang G, Soble A, Johnson S, Baucom RS. The consequences of synthetic auxin herbicide on plant-herbivore interactions. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 28:765-775. [PMID: 36842859 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Although herbicide drift is a common side effect of herbicide application in agroecosystems, its effects on the ecology and evolution of natural communities are rarely studied. A recent shift to dicamba, a synthetic auxin herbicide known for 'drifting' to nontarget areas, necessitates the examination of drift effects on the plant-insect interactions that drive eco-evo dynamics in weed communities. We review current knowledge of direct effects of synthetic auxin herbicides on plant-insect interactions, focusing on plant herbivory, and discuss potential indirect effects, which are cascading effects on organisms that interact with herbicide-exposed plants. We end by developing a framework for the study of plant-insect interactions given drift, highlighting potential changes to plant developmental timing, resource quantity, quality, and cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nia Johnson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Grace Zhang
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Anah Soble
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Stephen Johnson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Regina S Baucom
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Gupta S, Harkess A, Soble A, Van Etten M, Leebens-Mack J, Baucom RS. Interchromosomal linkage disequilibrium and linked fitness cost loci associated with selection for herbicide resistance. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 238:1263-1277. [PMID: 36721257 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The adaptation of weeds to herbicide is both a significant problem in agriculture and a model of rapid adaptation. However, significant gaps remain in our knowledge of resistance controlled by many loci and the evolutionary factors that influence the maintenance of resistance. Here, using herbicide-resistant populations of the common morning glory (Ipomoea purpurea), we perform a multilevel analysis of the genome and transcriptome to uncover putative loci involved in nontarget-site herbicide resistance (NTSR) and to examine evolutionary forces underlying the maintenance of resistance in natural populations. We found loci involved in herbicide detoxification and stress sensing to be under selection and confirmed that detoxification is responsible for glyphosate (RoundUp) resistance using a functional assay. We identified interchromosomal linkage disequilibrium (ILD) among loci under selection reflecting either historical processes or additive effects leading to the resistance phenotype. We further identified potential fitness cost loci that were strongly linked to resistance alleles, indicating the role of genetic hitchhiking in maintaining the cost. Overall, our work suggests that NTSR glyphosate resistance in I. purpurea is conferred by multiple genes which are potentially maintained through generations via ILD, and that the fitness cost associated with resistance in this species is likely a by-product of genetic hitchhiking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Gupta
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Department, University of Michigan, 4034 Biological Sciences Building, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Alex Harkess
- Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, 35806, USA
| | - Anah Soble
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Department, University of Michigan, 4034 Biological Sciences Building, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Megan Van Etten
- Biology Department, Pennsylvania State University, Dunmore, PA, 18512, USA
| | - James Leebens-Mack
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Regina S Baucom
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Department, University of Michigan, 4034 Biological Sciences Building, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
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Rieseberg L, Warschefsky E, O'Boyle B, Taberlet P, Ortiz-Barrientos D, Kane NC, Sibbett B. Editorial 2022. Mol Ecol 2021; 31:1-30. [PMID: 34957606 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Loren Rieseberg
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | - Pierre Taberlet
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, CNRS UMR 5553, Université Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Daniel Ortiz-Barrientos
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queenland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nolan C Kane
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
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Delgado-Dávila R, Martén-Rodríguez S. A test of the reproductive assurance hypothesis in Ipomoea hederacea: does inbreeding depression counteract the benefits of self-pollination? AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2021; 108:2162-2173. [PMID: 34786691 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE Darwin proposed that self-pollination in allegedly outcrossing species might act as a reproductive assurance mechanism when pollinators or mates are scarce; however, in natural populations, the benefits of selfing may be opposed by seed discounting and inbreeding depression. While empirical studies show variation among species and populations in the magnitude of reproductive assurance, little is known about the counterbalancing effects of inbreeding depression. METHODS By comparing the female reproductive success of emasculated and open-pollinated flowers, we assessed the reproductive assurance hypothesis in two Mexican populations of Ipomoea hederacea. In one population, we assessed temporal variation in reproductive assurance for three years. We evaluated inbreeding depression on seed production, seedling germination, and dry plant mass by contrasting self- and cross-hand pollination treatments in one population for two years. RESULT The contribution of self-pollination to female reproductive success was high and consistent between populations, but there was variation in reproductive assurance across years. Inbreeding depression was absent in the early stages of progeny development, but there was a small negative effect of inbreeding in the probability of germination and the mass of adult progeny. CONCLUSIONS Self-pollination provided significant reproductive assurance in I. hederacea but this contribution was variable across time. The contribution of reproductive assurance is probably reduced by inbreeding depression in later stages of progeny development, but this counter effect was small in the study populations. This study supports the hypothesis that reproductive assurance with limited inbreeding depression is likely an important selective force in the evolution of self-pollination in the genus Ipomoea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Delgado-Dávila
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Spain
- Laboratorio Nacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, unidad Morelia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 58089, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Silvana Martén-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio Nacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, unidad Morelia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 58089, Morelia, Michoacán, México
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Josephs EB, Van Etten ML, Harkess A, Platts A, Baucom RS. Adaptive and maladaptive expression plasticity underlying herbicide resistance in an agricultural weed. Evol Lett 2021; 5:432-440. [PMID: 34367667 PMCID: PMC8327940 DOI: 10.1002/evl3.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Plastic phenotypic responses to environmental change are common, yet we lack a clear understanding of the fitness consequences of these plastic responses. Here, we use the evolution of herbicide resistance in the common morning glory (Ipomoea purpurea) as a model for understanding the relative importance of adaptive and maladaptive gene expression responses to herbicide. Specifically, we compare leaf gene expression changes caused by herbicide to the expression changes that evolve in response to artificial selection for herbicide resistance. We identify a number of genes that show plastic and evolved responses to herbicide and find that for the majority of genes with both plastic and evolved responses, plastic responses appear to be adaptive. We also find that selection for herbicide response increases gene expression plasticity. Overall, these results show the importance of adaptive plasticity for herbicide resistance in a common weed and that expression changes in response to strong environmental change can be adaptive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily B. Josephs
- Department of Plant BiologyMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan48824
- Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior ProgramMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan48824
| | - Megan L. Van Etten
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan48109
- Biology DepartmentPennsylvania State UniversityDunmorePennsylvania18512
| | - Alex Harkess
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental SciencesAuburn UniversityAuburnAlabama36849
- HudsonAlpha Institute for BiotechnologyHuntsvilleAlabama35806
| | - Adrian Platts
- Department of Plant BiologyMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan48824
| | - Regina S. Baucom
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan48109
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