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Thomas JT, Huerlimann R, Schunter C, Watson SA, Munday PL, Ravasi T. Transcriptomic responses in the nervous system and correlated behavioural changes of a cephalopod exposed to ocean acidification. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:635. [PMID: 38918719 PMCID: PMC11202396 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10542-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nervous system is central to coordinating behavioural responses to environmental change, likely including ocean acidification (OA). However, a clear understanding of neurobiological responses to OA is lacking, especially for marine invertebrates. RESULTS We evaluated the transcriptomic response of the central nervous system (CNS) and eyes of the two-toned pygmy squid (Idiosepius pygmaeus) to OA conditions, using a de novo transcriptome assembly created with long read PacBio ISO-sequencing data. We then correlated patterns of gene expression with CO2 treatment levels and OA-affected behaviours in the same individuals. OA induced transcriptomic responses within the nervous system related to various different types of neurotransmission, neuroplasticity, immune function and oxidative stress. These molecular changes may contribute to OA-induced behavioural changes, as suggested by correlations among gene expression profiles, CO2 treatment and OA-affected behaviours. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first molecular insights into the neurobiological effects of OA on a cephalopod and correlates molecular changes with whole animal behavioural responses, helping to bridge the gaps in our knowledge between environmental change and animal responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodi T Thomas
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia.
- Marine Climate Change Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan.
| | - Roger Huerlimann
- Marine Climate Change Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Celia Schunter
- Swire Institute of Marine Science, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sue-Ann Watson
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
- Biodiversity and Geosciences Program, Queensland Museum Tropics, Queensland Museum, Townsville, QLD, 4810, Australia
| | - Philip L Munday
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
| | - Timothy Ravasi
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
- Marine Climate Change Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
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Chakraborty S, Paidi MK, Dhinakarasamy I, Sivakumar M, Clements C, Thirumurugan NK, Sivakumar L. Adaptive mechanism of the marine bacterium Pseudomonas sihuiensis-BFB-6S towards pCO 2 variation: Insights into synthesis of extracellular polymeric substances and physiochemical modulation. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129860. [PMID: 38309406 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Marine bacteria can adapt to various extreme environments by the production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Throughout this investigation, impact of variable pCO2 levels on the metabolic activity and physiochemical modulation in EPS matrix of marine bacterium Pseudomonas sihuiensis - BFB-6S was evaluated using a fluorescence microscope, excitation-emission matrix (EEM), 2D-Fourier transform infrared correlation spectroscopy (2D-ATR-FTIR-COS), FT-NMR and TGA-DSC. From the results at higher pCO2 levels, there was a substantial reduction in EPS production by 58-62.8 % (DW). In addition to the biochemical composition of EPS, reduction in carbohydrates (8.7-47.6 %), protein (7.1-91.5 %), and lipids (16.9-68.6 %) content were observed at higher pCO2 levels. Functional discrepancies of fluorophores (tyrosine and tryptophan-like) in EPS, speckled differently in response to variable pCO2. The 2D-ATR-FTIR-COS analysis revealed functional amides (CN, CC, CO bending, -NH bending in amines) of EPS were preferentially altered, which led to the domination of polysaccharides relevant functional groups at higher pCO2. 1H NMR analysis of EPS confirmed the absence of chemical signals from H-C-COOH of proteins, α, β anomeric protons, and acetyl group relevant region at higher pCO2 levels. These findings can contribute new insights into the influence of pCO2 on the adaptation of marine microbes in future ocean acidification scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subham Chakraborty
- Centre for Ocean Research (DST-FIST Sponsored Centre), MoES-Earth Science & Technology Cell, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Murali Krishna Paidi
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Inbakandan Dhinakarasamy
- Centre for Ocean Research (DST-FIST Sponsored Centre), MoES-Earth Science & Technology Cell, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Manikandan Sivakumar
- Centre for Ocean Research (DST-FIST Sponsored Centre), MoES-Earth Science & Technology Cell, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Clarita Clements
- Centre for Ocean Research (DST-FIST Sponsored Centre), MoES-Earth Science & Technology Cell, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Naren Kumar Thirumurugan
- Centre for Ocean Research (DST-FIST Sponsored Centre), MoES-Earth Science & Technology Cell, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lakshminarayanan Sivakumar
- Centre for Ocean Research (DST-FIST Sponsored Centre), MoES-Earth Science & Technology Cell, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
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Kang J, Chung A, Suresh S, Bonzi LC, Sourisse JM, Ramirez‐Calero S, Romeo D, Petit‐Marty N, Pegueroles C, Schunter C. Long non-coding RNAs mediate fish gene expression in response to ocean acidification. Evol Appl 2024; 17:e13655. [PMID: 38357358 PMCID: PMC10866067 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The majority of the transcribed genome does not have coding potential but these non-coding transcripts play crucial roles in transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of protein-coding genes. Regulation of gene expression is important in shaping an organism's response to environmental changes, ultimately impacting their survival and persistence as population or species face global change. However, the roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), when confronted with environmental changes, remain largely unclear. To explore the potential role of lncRNAs in fish exposed to ocean acidification (OA), we analyzed publicly available brain RNA-seq data from a coral reef fish Acanthochromis polyacanthus. We annotated the lncRNAs in its genome and examined the expression changes of intergenic lncRNAs (lincRNAs) between A. polyacanthus samples from a natural CO2 seep and a nearby control site. We identified 4728 lncRNAs, including 3272 lincRNAs in this species. Remarkably, 93.03% of these lincRNAs were species-specific. Among the 125 highly expressed lincRNAs and 403 differentially expressed lincRNAs in response to elevated CO2, we observed that lincRNAs were either neighboring or potentially trans-regulating differentially expressed coding genes associated with pH regulation, neural signal transduction, and ion transport, which are known to be important in the response to OA in fish. In summary, lncRNAs may facilitate fish acclimation and mediate the responses of fish to OA by modulating the expression of crucial coding genes, which offers insight into the regulatory mechanisms underlying fish responses to environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingliang Kang
- Swire Institute of Marine Science, School of Biological SciencesThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong SAR
| | - Arthur Chung
- Swire Institute of Marine Science, School of Biological SciencesThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong SAR
| | - Sneha Suresh
- Swire Institute of Marine Science, School of Biological SciencesThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong SAR
| | - Lucrezia C. Bonzi
- Swire Institute of Marine Science, School of Biological SciencesThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong SAR
| | - Jade M. Sourisse
- Swire Institute of Marine Science, School of Biological SciencesThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong SAR
| | - Sandra Ramirez‐Calero
- Swire Institute of Marine Science, School of Biological SciencesThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong SAR
| | - Daniele Romeo
- Swire Institute of Marine Science, School of Biological SciencesThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong SAR
| | - Natalia Petit‐Marty
- Swire Institute of Marine Science, School of Biological SciencesThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong SAR
| | - Cinta Pegueroles
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Institute for Research on Biodiversity (IRBio)University of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Celia Schunter
- Swire Institute of Marine Science, School of Biological SciencesThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong SAR
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of ChemistryCity University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
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Ramírez-Calero S, Paula JR, Otjacques E, Ravasi T, Rosa R, Schunter C. Neuromolecular responses in disrupted mutualistic cleaning interactions under future environmental conditions. BMC Biol 2023; 21:258. [PMID: 37957664 PMCID: PMC10644551 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-023-01761-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutualistic interactions, which constitute some of the most advantageous interactions among fish species, are highly vulnerable to environmental changes. A key mutualistic interaction is the cleaning service rendered by the cleaner wrasse, Labroides dimidiatus, which involves intricate processes of social behaviour to remove ectoparasites from client fish and can be altered in near-future environmental conditions. Here, we evaluated the neuromolecular mechanisms behind the behavioural disruption of cleaning interactions in response to future environments. We subjected cleaner wrasses and surgeonfish (Acanthurus leucosternon, serving as clients) to elevated temperature (warming, 32 °C), increased levels of CO2 (high CO2, 1000 ppm), and a combined condition of elevated CO2 and temperature (warming and high CO2, 32 °C, and 1000 ppm) for 28 days. RESULTS Each of these conditions resulted in behavioural disruptions concerning the motivation to interact and the quality of interaction (high CO2 - 80.7%, warming - 92.6%, warming and high CO2 - 79.5%, p < 0.001). Using transcriptomics of the fore-, mid-, and hindbrain, we discovered that most transcriptional reprogramming in both species under warming conditions occurred primarily in the hind- and forebrain. The associated functions under warming were linked to stress, heat shock proteins, hypoxia, and behaviour. In contrast, elevated CO2 exposure affected a range of functions associated with GABA, behaviour, visual perception, thyroid hormones and circadian rhythm. Interestingly, in the combined warming and high CO2 condition, we did not observe any expression changes of behaviour. However, we did find signs of endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis, suggesting not only an additive effect of the environmental conditions but also a trade-off between physiological performance and behaviour in the cleaner wrasse. CONCLUSIONS We show that impending environmental shifts can affect the behaviour and molecular processes that sustain mutualistic interactions between L. dimidiatus and its clients, which could have a cascading effect on their adaptation potential and possibly cause large-scale impacts on coral reef ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ramírez-Calero
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Rd, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Departament de Biologia Marina, Institut de Ciències del Mar (CSIC), Pg. Marítim de La Barceloneta 37-49, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J R Paula
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora Do Cabo, 939, 2750-374, Cascais, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - E Otjacques
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora Do Cabo, 939, 2750-374, Cascais, Portugal
- Carnegie Institution for Science, Division of Biosphere Sciences and Engineering, Church Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
- Department of Life Sciences, MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, University of Coimbra, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - T Ravasi
- Marine Climate Change Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-Son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
| | - R Rosa
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora Do Cabo, 939, 2750-374, Cascais, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - C Schunter
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Rd, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Herrera M, Ravasi T, Laudet V. Anemonefishes: A model system for evolutionary genomics. F1000Res 2023; 12:204. [PMID: 37928172 PMCID: PMC10624958 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.130752.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Anemonefishes are an iconic group of coral reef fish particularly known for their mutualistic relationship with sea anemones. This mutualism is especially intriguing as it likely prompted the rapid diversification of anemonefish. Understanding the genomic architecture underlying this process has indeed become one of the holy grails of evolutionary research in these fishes. Recently, anemonefishes have also been used as a model system to study the molecular basis of highly complex traits such as color patterning, social sex change, larval dispersal and life span. Extensive genomic resources including several high-quality reference genomes, a linkage map, and various genetic tools have indeed enabled the identification of genomic features controlling some of these fascinating attributes, but also provided insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying adaptive responses to changing environments. Here, we review the latest findings and new avenues of research that have led to this group of fish being regarded as a model for evolutionary genomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Herrera
- Marine Eco-Evo-Devo Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Timothy Ravasi
- Marine Climate Change Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia
| | - Vincent Laudet
- Marine Eco-Evo-Devo Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
- Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology (ICOB), Academia Sinica, 23-10, Dah-Uen Rd, Jiau Shi I-Lan 262, Taiwan
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Suresh S, Mirasole A, Ravasi T, Vizzini S, Schunter C. Brain transcriptome of gobies inhabiting natural CO 2 seeps reveal acclimation strategies to long-term acidification. Evol Appl 2023; 16:1345-1358. [PMID: 37492147 PMCID: PMC10363848 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Ocean acidification (OA) is known to affect the physiology, survival, behaviour and fitness of various fish species with repercussions at the population, community and ecosystem levels. Some fish species, however, seem to acclimate rapidly to OA conditions and even thrive in acidified environments. The molecular mechanisms that enable species to successfully inhabit high CO2 environments have not been fully elucidated especially in wild fish populations. Here, we used the natural CO2 seep in Vulcano Island, Italy to study the effects of elevated CO2 exposure on the brain transcriptome of the anemone goby, a species with high population density in the CO2 seep and investigate their potential for acclimation. Compared to fish from environments with ambient CO2, gobies living in the CO2 seep showed differences in the expression of transcripts involved in ion transport and pH homeostasis, cellular stress, immune response, circadian rhythm and metabolism. We also found evidence of potential adaptive mechanisms to restore the functioning of GABAergic pathways, whose activity can be affected by exposure to elevated CO2 levels. Our findings indicate that gobies living in the CO2 seep may be capable of mitigating CO2-induced oxidative stress and maintaining physiological pH while meeting the consequent increased energetic costs. The conspicuous difference in the expression of core circadian rhythm transcripts could provide an adaptive advantage by increasing the flexibility of physiological processes in elevated CO2 conditions thereby facilitating acclimation. Our results show potential molecular processes of acclimation to elevated CO2 in gobies enabling them to thrive in the acidified waters of Vulcano Island.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Suresh
- Swire Institute of Marine Science, School of Biological SciencesThe University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
| | - Alice Mirasole
- Department of Integrative Marine EcologyIschia Marine Centre, Stazione Zoologica Anton DohrnNaplesItaly
| | - Timothy Ravasi
- Marine Climate Change UnitOkinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate UniversityOnna‐sonJapan
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef StudiesJames Cook UniversityTownsvilleQueenslandAustralia
| | - Salvatrice Vizzini
- Department of Earth and Marine SciencesUniversity of PalermoPalermoItaly
- CoNISMa, National Inter‐University Consortium for Marine ScienceRomaItaly
| | - Celia Schunter
- Swire Institute of Marine Science, School of Biological SciencesThe University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
- State Key Laboratory of Marine PollutionCity University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
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Cheng L, Bai Z, Wei H, Chen Y, Wang M. High and diurnally fluctuating carbon dioxide exposure produces lower mercury toxicity in a marine copepod. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 192:115016. [PMID: 37182245 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Coastal waters have experienced fluctuations in partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) and mercury (Hg) pollution, yet little is known concerning how natural pCO2 fluctuations affect Hg biotoxicity. Here, a marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus was interactively exposed to different seawater pCO2 (ambient 400, steady elevated 1000, and fluctuating elevated 1000 ± 600 μatm) scenarios and Hg (control, 2 μg/L) treatments for 7 d. The results showed that elevated pCO2 decreased Hg bioaccumulation, and it was even more under fluctuating elevated pCO2 condition. We found energy depletion and oxidative stress under Hg-treated copepods, while combined exposure initiated compensatory response to alleviate Hg toxicity. Intriguingly, fluctuating acidification presented more immune defense related genes/processes in Hg-treated copepods when compared to steady acidification, probably linking with the greater decrease in Hg bioaccumulation. Collectively, understanding how fluctuating acidification interacts with Hg contaminant will become more crucial in predicting their risks to coastal biota and ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luman Cheng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems/College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zhuoan Bai
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems/College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Hui Wei
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems/College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Xiamen Marine Environmental Monitoring Central Station (SOA), Xiamen 361008, China.
| | - Minghua Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems/College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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Toy JA, Kroeker KJ, Logan CA, Takeshita Y, Longo GC, Bernardi G. Upwelling-level acidification and pH/pCO 2 variability moderate effects of ocean acidification on brain gene expression in the temperate surfperch, Embiotoca jacksoni. Mol Ecol 2022; 31:4707-4725. [PMID: 35821657 PMCID: PMC9545418 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Acidification-induced changes in neurological function have been documented in several tropical marine fishes. Here, we investigate whether similar patterns of neurological impacts are observed in a temperate Pacific fish that naturally experiences regular and often large shifts in environmental pH/pCO2 . In two laboratory experiments, we tested the effect of acidification, as well as pH/pCO2 variability, on gene expression in the brain tissue of a common temperate kelp forest/estuarine fish, Embiotoca jacksoni. Experiment 1 employed static pH treatments (target pH = 7.85/7.30), while Experiment 2 incorporated two variable treatments that oscillated around corresponding static treatments with the same mean (target pH = 7.85/7.70) in an eight-day cycle (amplitude ± 0.15). We found that patterns of global gene expression differed across pH level treatments. Additionally, we identified differential expression of specific genes and enrichment of specific gene sets (GSEA) in comparisons of static pH treatments and in comparisons of static and variable pH treatments of the same mean pH. Importantly, we found that pH/pCO2 variability decreased the number of differentially expressed genes detected between high and low pH treatments, and that inter-individual variability in gene expression was greater in variable treatments than static treatments. These results provide important confirmation of neurological impacts of acidification in a temperate fish species and, critically, that natural environmental variability may mediate the impacts of ocean acidification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason A Toy
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States
| | - Kristy J Kroeker
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States
| | - Cheryl A Logan
- Division of Science and Environmental Policy, California State University Monterey Bay, Seaside, CA, United States
| | - Yuichiro Takeshita
- Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Moss Landing, CA, United States
| | - Gary C Longo
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States.,NRC Research Associateship Program, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Giacomo Bernardi
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States
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9
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Neuro-molecular characterization of fish cleaning interactions. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8468. [PMID: 35589869 PMCID: PMC9119974 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12363-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Coral reef fish exhibit a large variety of behaviours crucial for fitness and survival. The cleaner wrasse Labroides dimidiatus displays cognitive abilities during interspecific interactions by providing services of ectoparasite cleaning, thus serving as a good example to understand the processes of complex social behaviour. However, little is known about the molecular underpinnings of cooperative behaviour between L. dimidiatus and a potential client fish (Acanthurus leucosternon). Therefore, we investigated the molecular mechanisms in three regions of the brain (Fore-, Mid-, and Hindbrain) during the interaction of these fishes. Here we show, using transcriptomics, that most of the transcriptional response in both species was regulated in the Hindbrain and Forebrain regions and that the interacting behaviour responses of L. dimidiatus involved immediate early gene alteration, dopaminergic and glutamatergic pathways, the expression of neurohormones (such as isotocin) and steroids (e.g. progesterone and estrogen). In contrast, in the client, fewer molecular alterations were found, mostly involving pituitary hormone responses. The particular pathways found suggested synaptic plasticity, learning and memory processes in the cleaner wrasse, while the client indicated stress relief.
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10
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Kang J, Nagelkerken I, Rummer JL, Rodolfo‐Metalpa R, Munday PL, Ravasi T, Schunter C. Rapid evolution fuels transcriptional plasticity to ocean acidification. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:3007-3022. [PMID: 35238117 PMCID: PMC9310587 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Ocean acidification (OA) is postulated to affect the physiology, behavior, and life-history of marine species, but potential for acclimation or adaptation to elevated pCO2 in wild populations remains largely untested. We measured brain transcriptomes of six coral reef fish species at a natural volcanic CO2 seep and an adjacent control reef in Papua New Guinea. We show that elevated pCO2 induced common molecular responses related to circadian rhythm and immune system but different magnitudes of molecular response across the six species. Notably, elevated transcriptional plasticity was associated with core circadian genes affecting the regulation of intracellular pH and neural activity in Acanthochromis polyacanthus. Gene expression patterns were reversible in this species as evidenced upon reduction of CO2 following a natural storm-event. Compared with other species, Ac. polyacanthus has a more rapid evolutionary rate and more positively selected genes in key functions under the influence of elevated CO2 , thus fueling increased transcriptional plasticity. Our study reveals the basis to variable gene expression changes across species, with some species possessing evolved molecular toolkits to cope with future OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingliang Kang
- Swire Institute of Marine ScienceSchool of Biological SciencesThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong SARChina
| | - Ivan Nagelkerken
- Southern Seas Ecology LaboratoriesSchool of Biological Sciences & The Environment InstituteThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Jodie L. Rummer
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef StudiesJames Cook UniversityTownsvilleAustralia
- College of Science and EngineeringJames Cook UniversityTownsvilleQueenslandAustralia
| | - Riccardo Rodolfo‐Metalpa
- ENTROPIE – UMR 9220 (CNRS, IRD, UR, UNC, IFREMER)IRD Institut de Recherche pour le DéveloppementNouméa cedexNew Caledonia
| | - Philip L. Munday
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef StudiesJames Cook UniversityTownsvilleAustralia
| | - Timothy Ravasi
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef StudiesJames Cook UniversityTownsvilleAustralia
- Marine Climate Change UnitOkinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate UniversityOnna‐sonJapan
| | - Celia Schunter
- Swire Institute of Marine ScienceSchool of Biological SciencesThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong SARChina
- State Key Laboratory of Marine PollutionCity University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong SARChina
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Monroe AA, Schunter C, Welch MJ, Munday PL, Ravasi T. Molecular basis of parental contributions to the behavioural tolerance of elevated pCO 2 in a coral reef fish. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20211931. [PMID: 34875194 PMCID: PMC8651409 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.1931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of adaptive potential is crucial to predicting the impacts of ocean acidification (OA) on marine organisms. In the spiny damselfish, Acanthochromis polyacanthus, individual variation in behavioural tolerance to elevated pCO2 has been observed and is associated with offspring gene expression patterns in the brain. However, the maternal and paternal contributions of this variation are unknown. To investigate parental influence of behavioural pCO2 tolerance, we crossed pCO2-tolerant fathers with pCO2-sensitive mothers and vice versa, reared their offspring at control and elevated pCO2 levels, and compared the juveniles' brain transcriptional programme. We identified a large influence of parental phenotype on expression patterns of offspring, irrespective of environmental conditions. Circadian rhythm genes, associated with a tolerant parental phenotype, were uniquely expressed in tolerant mother offspring, while tolerant fathers had a greater role in expression of genes associated with histone binding. Expression changes in genes associated with neural plasticity were identified in both offspring types: the maternal line had a greater effect on genes related to neuron growth while paternal influence impacted the expression of synaptic development genes. Our results confirm cellular mechanisms involved in responses to varying lengths of OA exposure, while highlighting the parental phenotype's influence on offspring molecular phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison A. Monroe
- Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Marine Genomics Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Texas A&M University Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA
| | - Celia Schunter
- Swire Institute of Marine Science, The School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Megan J. Welch
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Philip L. Munday
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Timothy Ravasi
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
- Marine Climate Change Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST), 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
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