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Wei B, Wang Y, Ruan Q, Zhu X, Wang X, Wang T, Zhao Y, Wei X. Mechanism of action of microRNA166 on nitric oxide in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) under drought stress. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:316. [PMID: 38549050 PMCID: PMC10976769 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10095-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alfalfa is a perennial forage crop of high importance, but its cultivation is often affected by drought stress. Currently, the investigation of drought-related small RNAs is a popular research topic to uncover plant drought resistance mechanisms. Among these small RNAs, microRNA166 (miR166) is associated with drought in numerous plant species. Initial small RNA sequencing studies have shown that miR166 is highly responsive to exogenous nitric oxide (NO) and drought. Therefore, analyzing the expression of Msa-miR166 under nitric oxide and drought treatment is significant. RESULT Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the miR166 family is widely distributed among plants, ranging from mosses to eudicots, with significant distribution differences between species. The evolutionary degree of Msa-miR166s is highly similar to that of Barrel medic (Medicago truncatula) and Soybean (Glycine max), but significantly different from the model plant Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). It is suggested that there are no significant differences in miR166s within the species, and members of Msa-miR166s can form a typical stem-loop. The lowest level of exogenous nitric oxide was observed in Msa-miR166s under drought stress, followed by individual drought, and the highest level was observed after removing endogenous nitric oxide. CONCLUSION In response to short-term drought, Msa-miR166s down-regulate expression in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Exogenous nitric oxide can reduce the expression of Msa-miR166s in response to short-term drought. These findings suggest that Msa-miR166e-5p is responsive to environmental changes. The expression levels of target genes showed an opposite trend to Msa-miR166s, verifying the accuracy of Degradome sequencing in the early stage. This suggests that alfalfa experiences drought stress when regulated by exogenous nitric oxide, targeting HD ZIP-III, FRI, and CoA ligase genes. Additionally, the expression of Msa-miR166s in response to drought stress varies between leaves and roots, indicating spatiotemporal specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bochuang Wei
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yizhen Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Qian Ruan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Xian Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Tianjie Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Xiaohong Wei
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
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Huang W, Jiao B, Ji C, Peng Q, Zhou J, Yang Y, Xi D. Catalases mediate tobacco resistance to virus infection through crosstalk between salicylic acid and auxin signaling pathways. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14012. [PMID: 37882268 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Catalases (CATs) play important roles in plant growth, development and defense responses. Previous studies have shown that CATs exhibit different or even opposite effects on plant immunity in different plant-pathogen interactions, but little is known about the mechanisms. In this study, Nicotiana tabacum plants with overexpression or knockout of CAT genes, tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) were employed to investigate the role of CAT in compatible plant-virus interactions. The results showed that there were dynamic changes in the effect of CAT on N. tabacum defense responses. Overexpression of catalase 1 (CAT1) and catalase 3 (CAT3) improved N. tabacum resistance in the early stage of virus infection but depressed it during the late stages of pathogenesis, especially in CAT3 overexpressing plants. The lower level of electrolyte leakage, lower contents of malonaldehyde and hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ), higher activities of antioxidant enzymes and improved functions of photosystem II corresponded to the milder symptoms and higher resistance of infected tobacco plants. In addition, the infection of TMV and CMV resulted in expression changes of CATs in tobacco plants, and pretreatment with H2 O2 facilitated TMV and CMV infection. Further experiments showed that the content of salicylic acid (SA) and the expression of genes related to SA signaling pathway were positively correlated with plant resistance, whereas auxin and its related signaling pathway were related to the viral susceptibility of plants. Taken together, our results demonstrated that CAT1 and CAT3 mediated tobacco resistance to virus infection through crosstalk between SA and auxin signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanying Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bolei Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenglong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiding Peng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingya Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiting Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dehui Xi
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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Wu R, Wu G, Wang L, Wang X, Liu Z, Li M, Tan W, Qing L. Tobacco curly shoot virus Down-Regulated the Expression of nbe-miR167b-3p to Facilitate Its Infection in Nicotiana benthamiana. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:791561. [PMID: 34975814 PMCID: PMC8716884 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.791561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Tobacco curly shoot virus (TbCSV) belongs to the genus Begomovirus of the family Geminiviridae, and causes leaf curling and curly shoot symptoms in tobacco and tomato crops. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are pivotal modulators of plant development and host-virus interactions. However, the relationship between TbCSV infection and miRNAs accumulation has not been well investigated. The present study was conducted to analyze different expressions of miRNAs in Nicotiana benthamiana in response to the infection of TbCSV via small RNAs sequencing. The results showed that 15 up-regulated miRNAs and 12 down-regulated miRNAs were differentially expressed in TbCSV infected N. benthamiana, and nbe-miR167b-3p was down-regulated. To decipher the relationship between nbe-miR167b-3p expression and the accumulations of TbCSV DNA, pCVA mediation of miRNA overexpression and PVX based short tandem target mimic (STTM) were used in this study. It was found that overexpression of nbe-miR167b-3p attenuated leaf curling symptom of TbCSV and decreased viral DNA accumulation, but suppression of nbe-miR167b-3p expression enhanced the symptoms and accumulation of TbCSV. PRCP, the target gene of nbe-miR167b-3p, was silenced in plants using VIGS and this weakened the viral symptoms and DNA accumulation of TbCSV in the plants. Overall, this study clarified the effect of nbe-miR167b-3p on plant defense during TbCSV infection, and provided a framework to reveal the molecular mechanisms of miRNAs between plants and viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gentu Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lyuxin Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhuoying Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingjun Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wanzhong Tan
- College of Tropical Crops Sciences, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Ling Qing
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Ling Qing,
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The Sw5a gene confers resistance to ToLCNDV and triggers an HR response after direct AC4 effector recognition. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2101833118. [PMID: 34385303 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2101833118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Several attempts have been made to identify antiviral genes against Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) and related viruses. This has led to the recognition of Ty genes (Ty1-Ty6), which have been successful in developing virus-resistant crops to some extent. Owing to the regular appearance of resistance-breaking strains of these viruses, it is important to identify genes related to resistance. In the present study, we identified a ToLCNDV resistance (R) gene, SlSw5a, in a ToLCNDV-resistant tomato cultivar, H-88-78-1, which lacks the known Ty genes. The expression of SlSw5a is controlled by the transcription factor SlMyb33, which in turn is regulated by microRNA159 (sly-miR159). Virus-induced gene silencing of either SlSw5a or SlMyb33 severely increases the disease symptoms and viral titer in leaves of resistant cultivar. Moreover, in SlMyb33-silenced plants, the relative messenger RNA level of SlSw5a was reduced, suggesting SlSw5a is downstream of the sly-miR159-SlMyb33 module. We also demonstrate that SlSw5a interacts physically with ToLCNDV-AC4 (viral suppressor of RNA silencing) to trigger a hypersensitive response (HR) and generate reactive oxygen species at infection sites to limit the spread of the virus. The "RTSK" motif in the AC4 C terminus is important for the interaction, and its mutation completely abolishes the interaction with Sw5a and HR elicitation. Overall, our research reports an R gene against ToLCNDV and establishes a connection between the upstream miR159-Myb33 module and its downstream target Sw5a to activate HR in the tomato, resulting in geminivirus resistance.
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Cui W, Wang S, Han K, Zheng E, Ji M, Chen B, Wang X, Chen J, Yan F. Ferredoxin 1 is downregulated by the accumulation of abscisic acid in an ABI5-dependent manner to facilitate rice stripe virus infection in Nicotiana benthamiana and rice. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 107:1183-1197. [PMID: 34153146 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Ferredoxin 1 (FD1) accepts and distributes electrons in the electron transfer chain of plants. Its expression is universally downregulated by viruses and its roles in plant immunity have been brought into focus over the past decade. However, the mechanism by which viruses regulate FD1 remains to be defined. In a previous report, we found that the expression of Nicotiana benthamiana FD1 (NbFD1) was downregulated following infection with potato virus X (PVX) and that NbFD1 regulates callose deposition at plasmodesmata to play a role in defense against PVX infection. We now report that NbFD1 is downregulated by rice stripe virus (RSV) infection and that silencing of NbFD1 also facilitates RSV infection, while viral infection was inhibited in a transgenic line overexpressing NbFD1, indicating that NbFD1 also functions in defense against RSV infection. Next, a RSV-derived small interfering RNA was identified that contributes to the downregulation of FD1 transcripts. Further analysis showed that the abscisic acid (ABA) which accumulates in RSV-infected plants also represses NbFD1 transcription. It does this by stimulating expression of ABA insensitive 5 (ABI5), which binds the ABA response element motifs in the NbFD1 promoter, resulting in negative regulation. Regulation of FD1 by ABA was also confirmed in RSV-infected plants of the natural host rice. The results therefore suggest a mechanism by which virus regulates chloroplast-related genes to suppress their defense roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Cui
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
- Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Nebraska, NE 68583, USA
| | - Kelei Han
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Ersong Zheng
- Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Mengfei Ji
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Binghua Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Xuming Wang
- Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
- Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Fei Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
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6
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Križnik M, Baebler Š, Gruden K. Roles of small RNAs in the establishment of tolerant interaction between plants and viruses. Curr Opin Virol 2020; 42:25-31. [PMID: 32480352 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2020.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In a tolerant plant-virus interaction, viral multiplication is sustained without substantial effects on plant growth or reproduction. Such interactions are, in natural environments, frequent and sometimes even beneficial for both interactors. Here we compiled evidence showing that small RNAs modulate plant immune responses and growth, hence adjusting its physiology to enable a tolerant interaction. Importantly, the role of small RNAs in tolerant interactions resembles that required for establishment of a mutualistic symbiosis. Tolerance can become a sustainable strategy for breeding for virus resistance as selection pressure for emergence of more aggressive strains is low. Understanding the processes underlying establishment of tolerance is, therefore, important for the development of future crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Križnik
- National Institute of Biology, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Špela Baebler
- National Institute of Biology, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Kristina Gruden
- National Institute of Biology, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Du J, Wu R, Liu Z, Sun M, Ghanem H, Li M, Wu G, Qing L. Suppression of nbe-miR1919c-5p Expression in Nicotiana benthamiana Enhances Tobacco Curly Shoot Virus and Its Betasatellite Co-Infection. Viruses 2020; 12:E392. [PMID: 32244650 PMCID: PMC7232422 DOI: 10.3390/v12040392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding but functional RNA molecules of 21-25 nucleotides in length. MiRNAs play significant regulatory roles in diverse plant biological processes. In order to decipher the relationship between nbe-miR1919c-5p and the accumulations of tobacco curly shoot virus (TbCSV) and its betasatellite (TbCSB) DNAs, as well as viral symptom development, we investigated the function of nbe-miR1919c-5p during TbCSV and TbCSB co-infection in plants using a PVX-and a TRV-based short tandem target mimic (STTM) technology. Suppression of nbe-miR1919c-5p expression using these two technologies enhanced TbCSV and TbCSB co-infection-induced leaf curling symptoms in Nicotiana benthamiana plants. Furthermore, suppression of nbe-miR1919c-5p expression enhanced TbCSV and TbCSB DNA accumulations in the infected plants. Our results can advance our knowledge on the nbe-miR1919c-5p function during TbCSV and TbCSB co-infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Gentu Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (J.D.); (R.W.); (Z.L.); (M.S.); (H.G.); (M.L.)
| | - Ling Qing
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (J.D.); (R.W.); (Z.L.); (M.S.); (H.G.); (M.L.)
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Jing C, Li P, Zhang J, Wang R, Wu G, Li M, Xie L, Qing L. The Malvastrum Yellow Vein Virus C4 Protein Promotes Disease Symptom Development and Enhances Virus Accumulation in Plants. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2425. [PMID: 31708897 PMCID: PMC6823909 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The begomovirus C4 protein is required for disease symptom development during virus infection in host plants. It can reprogram the cell cycle process for more efficient virus accumulation. In this study, we showed that the Malvastrum yellow vein virus (MaYVV) C4 protein could cause leaf up-ward curling and flower malformation, and increase virus accumulation in plants using PVX-based transient expression technology. We also demonstrated that, in the presence of its cognate betasatellite DNA (MaYVB), a mutant MaYVV, defective in producing the C4 protein (MaYVVΔC4), caused and alleviated infection in Nicotiana benthamiana. Transgenic plants expressing the MaYVV C4 protein showed upward leaf curling and uneven leaf lamina growth. Microscopic analysis showed that the epidermal cells of the C4 transgenic leaves were much smaller than those in the wild type (WT) leaves, and the mesophyll cells size and arrangement of transgenic plants was significantly altered. Inoculation of C4 transgenic plants with MaYVV or MaYVVΔC4 alone or associated with MaYVB showed that the transgenic C4 protein could promote viral and betasatellite accumulation and rescue the accumulation defect of MaYVVΔC4. Other transient expression assays also confirmed that the MaYVV C4 protein could suppress silencing of a GFP gene. In summary, our results indicate that the MaYVV C4 protein is a determinant of disease symptom and viral DNA accumulation. This protein can also function as a suppressor of RNA silencing and alter cell division and expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Jing
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pengbai Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiayuan Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gentu Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingjun Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Xie
- Analysis Center of Agrobiology and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ling Qing
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Wu G, Hu Q, Du J, Li K, Sun M, Jing C, Li M, Li J, Qing L. Molecular characterization of virus-derived small RNAs in Nicotiana benthamiana plants infected with tobacco curly shoot virus and its β satellite. Virus Res 2019; 265:10-19. [PMID: 30831178 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2019.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Tobacco curly shoot virus (TbCSV) is a monopartite DNA virus of the genus Begomovirus, which causes leaf curl symptoms in tobacco and tomato. The β satellite of TbCSV (TbCSB induces more severe symptoms and enhanced virus accumulation when co-infects the host plants with TbCSV. Small interfering RNAs derived from virus(vsiRNAs) induce disease symptoms and promote virus invasion by target and guide the degradation of host transcripts The vsiRNAs derived from TbCSV and TbCSV + TbCSB remained to be explored to elucidate the molecular mechanism of symptoms development in plants. In the present work, two libraries of small RNA from TbCSV-infected and TbCSV + TbCSB-infected N. benthamiana plants were constructed and the vsiRNAs in both samples shared the same characteristics. The size of the vsiRNAs ranged from 18 to 30 nucleotides (nt), with most of them being 21 or 22 nt, which accounted for 29.11% and 23.22% in TbCSV plants and 29.39% and 21.82% in TbCSV + TbCSV plants, respectively. The vsiRNAs with A/U bias at the first site were abundant in both the TbCSV-treated and TbCSV + TbCSB-treated plants. It is discovered that the vsiRNAs continuously, but heterogeneously, distributed through bothe the TbCSV and TbCSB sequences. And the distribution profiles were similar in both the treatments such as mainly in the overlapping region of the AC2/AC3 coding sequences. The host transcripts targeted by vsiRNAs were predicted, and the targeted genes were found to be involved in varied biological processes. It is indicated that the presence of TbCSB does not significantly affect the production of vsiRNAs from TbCSV in plants, the distribution hotsopt of TbCSV vsiRNAs could be useful in designing effective targets for TbCSV resistance exploiting RNA interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gentu Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China.
| | - Qiao Hu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China.
| | - Jiang Du
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China.
| | - Ke Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China.
| | - Miao Sun
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China.
| | - Chenchen Jing
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China.
| | - Mingjun Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China.
| | - Junmin Li
- Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
| | - Ling Qing
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China.
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Yin H, Hong G, Li L, Zhang X, Kong Y, Sun Z, Li J, Chen J, He Y. miR156/SPL9 Regulates Reactive Oxygen Species Accumulation and Immune Response in Arabidopsis thaliana. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2019; 109:632-642. [PMID: 30526361 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-08-18-0306-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The functions of microRNA156 (miR156) and its targeted SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL) transcription factor genes in plant development have been widely investigated. However, the role of the miR156/SPLs regulatory network in plant immune systems remains obscure. Here, we found that the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the transcripts of basal salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathway genes were lower in Arabidopsis Pro35S:MIR156 seedlings (miR156 overexpression mutants) but higher in Pro35S:MIM156 (miR156 repression mutants) and ProSPL9:rSPL9 (SPL9 overexpression mutants) seedlings compared with wild-type Col-0 plants (WT). As a result, Pro35S:MIR156 mutants induced greater susceptibility to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 following syringe infiltration than WT, while Pro35S:MIM156 and ProSPL9:rSPL9 mutants showed enhanced resistance. In addition, foliar H2O2 application resulted in activation of SA-mediated defense response and ablation of miR156-induced susceptibility to P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 infection. Collectively, our results provide new insights into the function of the miR156/SPL network in Arabidopsis immune response by regulating ROS accumulation and activating the SA signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbiao Yin
- 1 College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
- 2 State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 198 Shiqiao Road, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Gaojie Hong
- 2 State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 198 Shiqiao Road, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Linying Li
- 2 State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 198 Shiqiao Road, Hangzhou 310021, China
- 3 School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- 2 State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 198 Shiqiao Road, Hangzhou 310021, China
- 4 Department of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; and
| | - Yaze Kong
- 2 State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 198 Shiqiao Road, Hangzhou 310021, China
- 5 College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; and
| | - Zongtao Sun
- 2 State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 198 Shiqiao Road, Hangzhou 310021, China
- 6 Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Junmin Li
- 2 State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 198 Shiqiao Road, Hangzhou 310021, China
- 6 Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- 1 College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
- 2 State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 198 Shiqiao Road, Hangzhou 310021, China
- 6 Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yuqing He
- 2 State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 198 Shiqiao Road, Hangzhou 310021, China
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11
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Yin Z, Murawska Z, Xie F, Pawełkowicz M, Michalak K, Zhang B, Lebecka R. microRNA response in potato virus Y infected tobacco shows strain-specificity depending on host and symptom severity. Virus Res 2019; 260:20-32. [PMID: 30423361 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The present study demonstrates how different potato virus Y (PVY) strains affect the miRNA balance in tobacco cv. Samsun. The two prevalent strains PVYNTN and PVYN-Wi caused severe and mild veinal necrosis (VN) respectively, and the unique PVYZ-NTN strain induced milder vein clearing (VCl) in the upper non-inoculated leaves. A single amino acid polymorphisms (SAPs) I252V and a Q412 to R412 substitution in the HC-Pro cistron of the PVYZ-NTN strain might relate to the loss of VN in tobacco. The abundance of 18 out of the 26 tested miRNAs was increased upon infection by the severe strains PVYNTN and PVYN-Wi. Expression of a group of defense related transcripts were increased accordingly. Two miRNAs, nta-miR6020a-5p and nta-miR6164a/b, which target the TIR-NBS-LRR type resistant TMV N genes involving in signal transduction, might correlate with the PVYNTN and PVYN-Wi induced VN. The down-regulated mRNAs, e.g., RAP2-7 and TOE3, PXC3, LRR-RLK, ATHB-14 and TCP4 targeted by nta-miR172, nta-miR390, nta-miR482, nta-miR166 and nta-miR319/159 respectively, were related to regulation of transcription, protein phosphorylation and cell differentiation. The observed strain-specific alteration of miRNAs and their targets are host dependent and corresponds to the symptom severity and the viral HC-Pro RNA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Yin
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute, Młochów Research Center, Platanowa 19, PL-05-831, Młochów, Poland.
| | - Zofia Murawska
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute, Młochów Research Center, Platanowa 19, PL-05-831, Młochów, Poland
| | - Fuliang Xie
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27858, USA
| | - Magdalena Pawełkowicz
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding & Biotechnology, Faculty of Horticulture, Biotechnology and Landscape Architecture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska Street 159, PL-02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krystyna Michalak
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute, Młochów Research Center, Platanowa 19, PL-05-831, Młochów, Poland
| | - Baohong Zhang
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27858, USA
| | - Renata Lebecka
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute, Młochów Research Center, Platanowa 19, PL-05-831, Młochów, Poland
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12
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Zhao J, Xu J, Chen B, Cui W, Zhou Z, Song X, Chen Z, Zheng H, Lin L, Peng J, Lu Y, Deng Z, Chen J, Yan F. Characterization of Proteins Involved in Chloroplast Targeting Disturbed by Rice Stripe Virus by Novel Protoplast⁻Chloroplast Proteomics. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E253. [PMID: 30634635 PMCID: PMC6358847 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice stripe virus (RSV) is one of the most devastating viral pathogens in rice and can also cause the general chlorosis symptom in Nicotiana benthamiana plants. The chloroplast changes associated with chlorosis symptom suggest that RSV interrupts normal chloroplast functions. Although the change of proteins of the whole cell or inside the chloroplast in response to RSV infection have been revealed by proteomics, the mechanisms resulted in chloroplast-related symptoms and the crucial factors remain to be elucidated. RSV infection caused the malformation of chloroplast structure and a global reduction of chloroplast membrane protein complexes in N. benthamiana plants. Here, both the protoplast proteome and the chloroplast proteome were acquired simultaneously upon RSV infection, and the proteins in each fraction were analyzed. In the protoplasts, 1128 proteins were identified, among which 494 proteins presented significant changes during RSV; meanwhile, 659 proteins were identified from the chloroplasts, and 279 of these chloroplast proteins presented significant change. According to the label-free LC⁻MS/MS data, 66 nucleus-encoded chloroplast-related proteins (ChRPs), which only reduced in chloroplast but not in the whole protoplast, were identified, indicating that these nuclear-encoded ChRPswere not transported to chloroplasts during RSV infection. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis confirmed that RSV infection changed the biological process of protein targeting to chloroplast, where 3 crucial ChRPs (K4CSN4, K4CR23, and K4BXN9) were involved in the regulation of protein targeting into chloroplast. In addition to these 3 proteins, 41 among the 63 candidate proteins were characterized to have chloroplast transit peptides. These results indicated that RSV infection changed the biological process of protein targeting into chloroplast and the location of ChRPs through crucial protein factors, which illuminated a new layer of RSV⁻host interaction that might contribute to the symptom development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinping Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable Control of Pest and Disease, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
- Texas A&M University AgriLife Research Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75252, USA.
| | - Jingjing Xu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable Control of Pest and Disease, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Binghua Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable Control of Pest and Disease, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
- Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
- Center of Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Weijun Cui
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable Control of Pest and Disease, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
- Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Zhongjing Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable Control of Pest and Disease, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
| | - Xijiao Song
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable Control of Pest and Disease, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
| | - Zhuo Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable Control of Pest and Disease, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
- Center of Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Hongying Zheng
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable Control of Pest and Disease, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
- Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Lin Lin
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable Control of Pest and Disease, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
- Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Jiejun Peng
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable Control of Pest and Disease, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
- Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Yuwen Lu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable Control of Pest and Disease, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
- Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Zhiping Deng
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable Control of Pest and Disease, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
| | - Jianping Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable Control of Pest and Disease, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
- Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Fei Yan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable Control of Pest and Disease, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
- Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
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