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Forest Matters Most for Hirsutiella zachvatkini (Schluger, 1948): A Survey of Rodent Infestation in Four Localities within the Mazury Lake District, NE Poland. DIVERSITY 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/d15030379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
The family Trombiculidae encompasses numerous and widespread mites, the larvae of which are obligatory parasites of vertebrates. Our research objective was to assess how trombiculid burdens on rodents inhabiting three forested and one open area in NE Poland vary in relation to host identity, sex and body size, and how they are influenced by qualities of the habitat. Trapped rodents (n = 240) were measured, weighted and screened for ectoparasites. Apodemus flavicollis (n = 42) and Myodes glareolus (n = 173) harbored a total of 4652 Hirsutiella zachchvatkini larvae. Statistical tests revealed that both prevalence and abundance were significantly higher in voles (93%, 27 larvae/ind.) than in mice (14%, 0.24 larvae/ind.) but there was no effect of host sex. Among the localities, H. zachvatkini was most prevalent (98%) and abundant (41 larvae/ind.) in rodents from the deciduous mixed forest in Tałty compared to fallow land (2.6%, 0.13 larvae/ind.). The highest prevalence and abundance were found in bank voles; in this host species in Tałty, prevalence reached 100% and the mean abundance was >42 larvae/ind. Significant positive correlations were found between the body mass and body length of voles and the number of attached larvae. Our results confirm the sylvan nature of H. zachvatkini and its preference for bank voles inhabiting deciduous forests with rich and humid undergrowth. The lack of a sex bias and the moderate correlation between mite burden and host size are in line with observations already made on other rodent-associated Trombiculidae.
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Li B, Guo XG, Ren TG, Peng PY, Song WY, Lv Y, Yin PW, Liu Z, Liu XH, Qian TJ. Analysis on infestation and related ecology of chigger mites on large Chinese voles (Eothenomys miletus) in five provincial regions of Southwest China. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2022; 19:169-179. [PMID: 36177391 PMCID: PMC9513170 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2022.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Based on a long-term field investigation in the five provincial regions of Southwest China between 2001 and 2019, the present paper studied the infestation and related ecology of chigger mites (chiggers) on the large Chinese vole (Eothenomys miletus), an endemic and dominant rodent species in the regions. A total of 52331 chiggers were collected from 2661 voles, and 52261 mites were identified as 185 species and 13 genera in the family Trombiculidae with very high species diversity. The identified 185 chigger species on E. miletus (a single rodent species) even exceeded those recorded in some countries. The overall infestation prevalence (Pm = 53.96%), mean abundance (MA = 19.64) and mean intensity (MI = 36.39) on E. miletus were much higher than those on some other rodent species in the same regions. Although the species composition showed a moderate similarity (J = 0.63) between male and female hosts (E. miletus), the infestation indices (Pm = 56.25%, MA = 21.67) of chiggers on male hosts were higher than those on the females (Pm = 51.23%, MA = 17.09) (P < 0.05). Two dominant chigger species, Leptotrombidium scutellare (Cr = 19.17%) and L. sinicum (Cr = 11.06%), showed an aggregated distribution pattern among different individuals of their host E. miletus, and a relatively high degree of positive association existed between the two dominant chigger species with PCC = 0.57, DI = 0.60 and OI = 0.62 (x2 = 857.46, P < 0.001). Leptotrombidium densipunctatum, Walchia koi, Helenicula hsui, L. scutellare and W. ewingi showed a high degree of environmental adaptability to their environments with high niche breadths. The theoretical curve of the species abundance distribution of chigger community on E. miletus was successfully fitted with Preston's lognormal distribution model. Based on the theoretical curve fitting, the expected total number of chigger species on E. miletus was roughly estimated to be 223 species, and 38 chigger species were probably missed in the sampling investigation. Chiggers are the common ectoparasites of rodents and vector of scrub typhus, Eothenomys miletus is the reservoir host and infectious source of zoonoses. The dominant chigger specie, Leptotrombidium scutellare, is one of the main and powerful vectors of scrub typhus in China. To study the chigger mites of E. miletus voles in such a wide geographical region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Li
- Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, 671000, China
| | - Xian-Guo Guo
- Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, 671000, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Tian-Guang Ren
- Nursing College of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, 671000, China
| | - Pei-Ying Peng
- Institute of Microbiology, Qujing Medical College, Qujing, Yunnan, 655011, China
| | - Wen-Yu Song
- Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, 671000, China
| | - Yan Lv
- Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, 671000, China
| | - Peng-Wu Yin
- Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, 671000, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, 671000, China
- Beijing Health Vocational College, Beijing, 102402, China
| | - Xin-Hang Liu
- Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, 671000, China
- Central Hospital of Yingkou Economic and Technological Development Zone, Yingkou, Liaoning, 115007, China
| | - Ti-Jun Qian
- Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, 671000, China
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Infestation and distribution of chigger mites on Chevrieri's field mouse (Apodemus chevrieri) in Southwest China. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2022; 17:74-82. [PMID: 34987956 PMCID: PMC8695261 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Based on a long-term field investigation on chigger mites in southwest China from 2001 to 2019, the present study analyzed the infestation and distribution of chigger mites on the Chevrieri's field mouse (Apodemus chevrieri) in the region. A total of 12,516 individuals of chigger mites were collected from 1981 A. chevrieri mice, and 12,281 chiggers were identified as 107 species, 11 genera and 3 subfamilies in 2 families, which revealed a high species diversity of the mites on A. chevrieri mice. Of 1981 A. chevrieri mice, 633 ones were infested with chiggers with a relatively high overall prevalence (PM = 31.95%), mean abundance (MA = 6.32) and mean intensity (MI = 19.77). Of the 107 chigger species identified from A. chevrieri mice, three ones were the most dominant and they were Leptrombidium scutellare, L. densipunctatum and L. cricethrionis, which showed aggregated distribution among different individuals of the mice. A slightly positive association existed between every two dominant chigger species, which implied that the dominant chigger species tend to co-exist on A. chevrieri. The infestations of A. chevrieri with chiggers varied in different latitudes, altitudes and landscapes and they showed some heterogeneity along different environmental gradients. The logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for chigger infestations on A. chevrieri were landscapes, ages and altitudes, which implied that the environmental factors and host ages could influence the infestations of the mice with the mites. A theoretical curve of the species abundance distribution of chigger mites on A. chevrieri was successfully fitted by Preston's lognormal model, suggesting that the species abundance distribution conforms to the lognormal distribution pattern. The expected total species of chigger mites on A. chevrieri was roughly estimated to be 136 species and about 29 rare chigger species were probably missed in the sampling field investigation. Infestation and distribution of chigger mites on Apodemus chevrieri in Southwest China. Risk factors of infestations of Apodemus chevrieri with chigger mites. It is the first time to study the chigger mites of Apodemus chevrieri in such a wide geographical region.
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Infestation and distribution of mites on the Yunnan red-backed vole (Eothenomys miletus) in Yunnan Province of southwest China between 2001 and 2015. Biologia (Bratisl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-00884-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Chen YL, Guo XG, Ren TG, Zhang L, Fan R, Zhao CF, Zhang ZW, Mao KY, Huang XB, Qian TJ. A Report of Chigger Mites on the Striped Field Mouse, Apodemus agrarius, in Southwest China. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2021; 59:625-634. [PMID: 34974669 PMCID: PMC8721306 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2021.59.6.625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Based on the field investigations in 91 investigation sites (counties) in southwest China between 2001 and 2019, the present paper reported the chigger mites on A. agrarius mice in southwest China for the first time by using a series of statistical methods. From 715 striped field mice captured in 28 of 91 investigated sites, only 255 chiggers were collected, and they were identified as 14 species, 6 genera in 3 subfamilies under 2 families. Of 715 A. agrarius mice, only 24 of them were infested with chigger mites with low overall prevalence (PM=3.4%), overall mean abundance (MA=0.36 mites/host) and overall mean intensity (MI=10.63 mites/host). The species diversity and infestation of chiggers on A. agrarius were much lower than those previously reported on some other rodents in southwest China. On a certain species of rodent, A. agrarius mouse in southwest China seems to have a very low susceptibility to chigger infestations than in other geographical regions. Of 14 chigger species, there were 3 dominant species, Leptotrombidium sialkotense, L. rupestre and Schoengastiella novoconfuciana, which were of aggregated distribution among different individuals of A. agrarius hosts. L. sialkotense, one of 6 main vectors of scrub typhus in China, was the first dominant on A. agrarius. The species similarity of chigger mites on male and female hosts was low with CSS=0.25, and this reflects the sex-bias of different genders of A. agrarius mice in harboring different chigger species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ling Chen
- Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, 671000,
China
| | - Xian-Guo Guo
- Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, 671000,
China
- Corresponding author ()
| | - Tian-Guang Ren
- Nursing College of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, 671000,
China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, 671000,
China
| | - Rong Fan
- Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, 671000,
China
| | - Cheng-Fu Zhao
- Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, 671000,
China
| | - Zhi-Wei Zhang
- Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, 671000,
China
| | - Ke-Yu Mao
- Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, 671000,
China
| | - Xiao-Bin Huang
- Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, 671000,
China
| | - Ti-Jun Qian
- Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, 671000,
China
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Yin PW, Guo XG, Jin DC, Fan R, Zhao CF, Zhang ZW, Huang XB, Mao KY. Distribution and Host Selection of Tropical Rat Mite, Ornithonyssus bacoti, in Yunnan Province of Southwest China. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11010110. [PMID: 33430422 PMCID: PMC7826691 DOI: 10.3390/ani11010110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The tropical rat mite (Ornithonyssus bacoti) is a transmission vector of rickettsia pox and a potential vector of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). This article reports the distribution and host selection of O. bacoti in Yunnan Province of Southwest China. The original data came from the investigations in 39 counties of Yunnan. The prevalence (PM), mean abundance (MA) and mean intensity (MI) were calculated to reflect the infestations of the dominant rat hosts with O. bacoti mites. The patchiness index and Taylor’s power law were used to measure the spatial distribution of the mites. A total of 4121 O. bacoti mites were identified from 15 species of small mammal hosts in 27 of the 39 investigated counties, and 99.20% of them (4088/4121) were found on rodents. The majority of total O. bacoti mites was found in the flatland landscape (91.28%) and indoor habitat (73.48%). Moreover, 51.78% and 40.09% of O. bacoti mites were identified from Rattus tanezumi and R. norvegicus, the two synanthropic rat species. The mites had some host-specificity, with a preference to two dominant hosts (R. tanezumi and R. norvegicus), and they were of aggregated distribution on R. tanezumi. Abstract (1) Background: As a species of gamasid mite, the tropical rat mite (Ornithonyssus bacoti) is a common ectoparasite on rodents and some other small mammals. Besides stinging humans to cause dermatitis, O. bacoti can be a vector of rickettsia pox and a potential vector of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). (2) Objective: The present study was conducted to understand the host selection of O. bacoti on different animal hosts and the distribution in different environmental gradients in Yunnan Province of Southwest China. (3) Methods: The original data came from the investigations in 39 counties of Yunnan, between 1990 and 2015. The animal hosts, rodents and some other small mammals were mainly trapped with mouse traps. The O. bacoti mites on the body surface of animal hosts were collected and identified in a conventional way. The constituent ratio (Cr), prevalence (PM), mean abundance (MA) and mean intensity (MI) were used to reflect infestations of animal hosts with O. bacoti mites. The patchiness index and Taylor’s power law were used to measure the spatial distribution pattern of O. bacoti mites on their hosts. (4) Results: A total of 4121 tropical rat mites (O. bacoti) were identified from 15 species and 14,739 individuals of hosts, and 99.20% of them were found on rodents. More than half of O. bacoti mites (51.78%) were identified from the Asian house rat (Rattus tanezumi), and 40.09% of the mites from the Norway rat (R. norvegicus) (p < 0.05). The infestations of R. tanezumi (PM = 7.61%, MA = 0.40 and MI = 5.31) and R. norvegicus (PM = 10.98, MA = 1.14 and MI = 10.39) with O. bacoti mites were significantly higher than those of other host species (p < 0.05). The infestations of two dominant rat hosts (R. tanezumi and R. norvegicus) with O. bacoti mites varied in different environmental gradients (latitudes, longitudes, altitudes, landscapes and habitats) and on different sexes and ages of the hosts. The prevalence of juvenile R. norvegicus rats with O. bacoti mites (PM = 12.90%) was significantly higher than that of adult rats (PM = 9.62%) (p < 0.05). The prevalence (PM = 38.46%) and mean abundance (MA = 2.28 mites/host) of R. tanezumi rats with O. bacoti mites in the high latitude were higher than those in the low latitudes (p < 0.05). The majority of the total collected 4121 O. bacoti mites was found in the flatland landscape (91.28%) and indoor habitat (73.48%) (p < 0.05). The PM (10.66%) and MA (0.49 mites/host) of R. tanezumi rats with O. bacoti mites were significantly higher in the indoor habitat than in the outdoor habitat (p < 0.05). The tropical rat mites showed an aggregated distribution pattern on their first dominant host, R. tanezumi. Conclusion: The tropical rat mite (O. bacoti) is a widely distributed species of gamasid mite in Yunnan Province, Southwest China, and its dominant hosts are two synanthropic species of rats, R. tanezumi and R. norvegicus. It is mainly distributed in the flatland landscape and indoor habitat. It has some host-specificity, with a preference to rodents, especially R. tanezumi and R. norvegicus. The O. bacoti mites are of aggregated distribution on R. tanezumi rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Wu Yin
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, and the Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management in Mountainous Region, Guiyang 550025, China; (P.-W.Y.); (D.-C.J.)
- Vector Laboratory, Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali 671000, China; (R.F.); (C.-F.Z.); (Z.-W.Z.); (X.-B.H.); (K.-Y.M.)
| | - Xian-Guo Guo
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, and the Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management in Mountainous Region, Guiyang 550025, China; (P.-W.Y.); (D.-C.J.)
- Vector Laboratory, Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali 671000, China; (R.F.); (C.-F.Z.); (Z.-W.Z.); (X.-B.H.); (K.-Y.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-872-2257-104
| | - Dao-Chao Jin
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, and the Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management in Mountainous Region, Guiyang 550025, China; (P.-W.Y.); (D.-C.J.)
| | - Rong Fan
- Vector Laboratory, Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali 671000, China; (R.F.); (C.-F.Z.); (Z.-W.Z.); (X.-B.H.); (K.-Y.M.)
| | - Cheng-Fu Zhao
- Vector Laboratory, Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali 671000, China; (R.F.); (C.-F.Z.); (Z.-W.Z.); (X.-B.H.); (K.-Y.M.)
| | - Zhi-Wei Zhang
- Vector Laboratory, Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali 671000, China; (R.F.); (C.-F.Z.); (Z.-W.Z.); (X.-B.H.); (K.-Y.M.)
| | - Xiao-Bin Huang
- Vector Laboratory, Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali 671000, China; (R.F.); (C.-F.Z.); (Z.-W.Z.); (X.-B.H.); (K.-Y.M.)
| | - Ke-Yu Mao
- Vector Laboratory, Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali 671000, China; (R.F.); (C.-F.Z.); (Z.-W.Z.); (X.-B.H.); (K.-Y.M.)
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Lv Y, Guo XG, Jin DC, Song WY, Fan R, Zhao CF, Zhang ZW, Mao KY, Zou YJ, Yang ZH. Relative Abundance of a Vector of Scrub Typhus, Leptotrombidium sialkotense, in Southern Yunnan Province, China. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2020; 58:153-159. [PMID: 32418384 PMCID: PMC7231826 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2020.58.2.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The chigger mite Leptotrombidium sialkotense is one of the 6 main vectors of scrub typhus in China. Before present study, L. sialkotense was found in some parts of Hunan province, China with a narrow geographical distribution. During field investigation 2016–2017, we found L. sialkotense in Jingha, southern Yunnan, China. Of 15 small mammal host species, L. sialkotense were collected from 6 species of the hosts. Rattus brunneusculus was a dominant host of L. sialkotense, from which 98.3% of the mites were collected. The chigger mite showed a relatively high infestation prevalence (PM=11.7%) and mean abundance (MA=0.5) in comparison with the rest 5 host species. These results reveal a certain host specificity of L. sialkotense to a rat R. brunneusculus. The mite L. sialkotense showed an aggregated distribution on the host (P<0.05). A positive correlation observed between L. sialkotense and the body length of hosts. There was a positive interspecific association between L. sialkotense and 2 other dominant vectors, L. deliense and L. scutellare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lv
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, and the Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management in Mountainous Region, Guiyang 550025, China.,Vector Laboratory, Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan Province 671000, China
| | - Xian-Guo Guo
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, and the Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management in Mountainous Region, Guiyang 550025, China.,Vector Laboratory, Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan Province 671000, China.,Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical Research and Development, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan Province 671000, China
| | - Dao-Chao Jin
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, and the Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management in Mountainous Region, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Wen-Yu Song
- Vector Laboratory, Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan Province 671000, China
| | - Rong Fan
- Vector Laboratory, Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan Province 671000, China
| | - Cheng-Fu Zhao
- Vector Laboratory, Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan Province 671000, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Zhang
- Vector Laboratory, Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan Province 671000, China
| | - Ke-Yu Mao
- Vector Laboratory, Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan Province 671000, China
| | - Yun-Ji Zou
- Vector Laboratory, Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan Province 671000, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Yang
- Vector Laboratory, Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan Province 671000, China
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Wang HC, Lee PL, Kuo CC. Fleas of Shrews and Rodents in Rural Lowland Taiwan. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 57:595-600. [PMID: 31693136 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjz194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fleas transmit a variety of pathogens to humans but are relatively understudied in comparison to mosquitoes and ticks, including in Taiwan, where fleas in rural lowlands have never been systematically surveyed. In total, 700 fleas of four species were collected from 1,260 shrews and rodents at nine counties across lowland Taiwan. Nosopsyllus nicanus Jordan (Siphonaptera: Ceratophyllidae) and Xenopsylla cheopis Rothschild (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae) were the most abundant flea species (79.0 and 14.6% of total fleas, respectively); the former was largely limited to the islets, while the latter was restricted to the Taiwan main island. Rattus losea Swinhoe (Rodentia: Muridae) was the most common small mammal species (49.3% of total) and hosted the majority of fleas (88.3% of total). Five Rickettsia spp., including Rickettsia conorii Brumpt (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae), Rickettsia felis Bouyer et al. Rickettsia japonica Uchida, Rickettsia raoultii Mediannikov, and Rickettsia rickettsii Brumpt or closely related species, were identified from 67 individually assayed fleas based on ompB and gltA genes. Rickettsia felis, mainly transmitted by fleas, was detected in one X. cheopis in southern Taiwan where a confirmed human case of infection with R. felis has been reported. The presence of R. felis, along with the other four tick-borne Rickettsia spp., demonstrates that a variety of rickettsiae circulate in rural lowland Taiwan and could pose risks to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsi-Chieh Wang
- Center for Diagnostics and Vaccine Development, Centers for Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Lung Lee
- Center for Diagnostics and Vaccine Development, Centers for Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chien Kuo
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Ecological analysis of gamasid mites on the body surface of Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) in Yunnan Province, Southwest China. Biologia (Bratisl) 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-019-00383-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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10
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khosravani M. The fauna and perspective of rodentia ectoparasites in Iran relying on their roles within public health and veterinary characteristics. J Parasit Dis 2018; 42:1-18. [PMID: 29491552 PMCID: PMC5825361 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-017-0959-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Historically, rodents-ectoparasites are responsible for many diseases in human and domestic animal communities because they are well-adapted to the environment and nutritional resources. In addition, ectoparasites can affect the reproductive rates, ecological fitness and the dispersal pattern of their hosts. Data was compiled through all publications relating to ectoparasites fauna from Iranian rodents. Host specificity, rodent-parasites interaction, geographical distribution, ecological trends as well as the medical or veterinary importance of ectoparasites are considered in this review. Also, results compared with other equal global findings. According to the obtained information, the genus Hyalomma considered being the major vector of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever. Sistan-Balouchistan, Isfahan, Fars and Khuzestan are endemic provinces of this disease in Iran. Ixodes ticks (especially Hyalomma spp.) commonly existed throughout the months but had high activity in spring and late autumn seasons. Muridae as the most diversified rodent family was more reiterated exploited host by all parasites in this knowledge. Tatera indica confirmed as a positive host for Francisella tularensis by serological test but the definitive reservoir is still unclear in Iran. Meriones persicus as a nocturnal jird has been permanently presented in semi-desert areas except Dasht-e Kavir desert. This rodent was the frequent host for Pulicid fleas followed by Mus musculus and Cricetulus migratorius (Cricetidae). Rattus norvegicus was specialized host for Polyplax spinulosa (spiny rat louse). Pulex irritans from Pulicidae was spread in particularly west of Iran which known as an endemic focus of plague. Mites were high diversity than other taxa. The domestic vertebrates (sheep, goat and cattle) were primitive hosts and rodents were discovered as auxiliary hosts for ticks in Iran apparently. The available data suggested that lice had a type of model of host specificity due to their morphological traits. Meanwhile, Alborz and Zagros mountains ranges provided the specialized habitats for animals which have been surrounded by northern and western regions. Perhaps these mountainous areas can prevent gene flow between local mammalian populations. Notably, the genealogy of parasite genome can orient toward the evolutionary process into speciation point. In general, more researches are needed to decipher the whole sights of host-parasite association and the role of ectoparasites within zoonosis diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousa khosravani
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71645-111, Shiraz, Fars Province Iran
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Peng PY, Guo XG, Jin DC, Dong WG, Qian TJ, Qin F, Yang ZH, Fan R. Landscapes with different biodiversity influence distribution of small mammals and their ectoparasitic chigger mites: A comparative study from southwest China. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0189987. [PMID: 29364908 PMCID: PMC5783360 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
From a previous field investigation in Yunnan, southwest China between 2001 and 2015, we selected two types of landscapes to make a retrospectively comparative study on the distribution of small mammals and their ectoparasitic chigger mites. One landscape is "mountainous uncultivated land (MUL)" with higher biodiversity, which is located in a famous "World Nature Heritage Site", the Three-Parallel-Rivers Region in the northwest of Yunnan. The other is "cultivated flatland landscape (CFL)" with lower biodiversity, which is located in the south of Yunnan. The landscapes with different biodiversity apparently influenced the distribution of small mammals and their ectoparasitic chigger mites. Much more species of small mammals and mites were found in MUL than in CFL. A total of 3,177 small mammals captured from MUL were identified as 55 species, 30 genera and 10 families in five orders. From these small mammal hosts, 5,882 chigger mites were collected and identified as 127 species, 15 genera and 3 subfamilies in two families. A total of 1,112 small mammals captured from CFL were identified as 19 species, 12 genera and 5 families in three orders. From these hosts, 17,742 chiggers were collected and identified as 86 species, 12 genera and 3 subfamilies in two families. Both the species diversity (S = 55) and community diversity (H = 2.673) of small mammals in MUL were much higher than those in CFL (S = 19; H = 0.926). There were also higher values of β diversity in MUL than in CFL. Different main reservoir rodent hosts of zoonoses (including tsutsugamushi disease) were found in two types of landscapes. Rattus tanezumi (one main reservoir host) was most abundant in CFL, which accounted for 80.22% of all the small mammals. Another two main reservoir hosts, Eothenomys miletus and Apodemus chevrieri were the dominant species in MUL, but they were not as abundant as R. tanezumi in CFL. Different vector species of chigger mites also existed in MUL and CFL. Leptotrombidium deliense (a main and powerful vector of tsutsugamushi disease in China) and Ascoschoengastia indica (a potential vector of tsutsugamushi disease) were the dominant species of chigger mites in CFL (Cr = 25.81% for A. indica; Cr = 23.47% for L. deliense). Leptotrombidium scutellare (also a main vector of tsutsugamushi disease in China) was the dominant chigger species in MUL (Cr = 26.09%). Higher infestation of vector mites on small mammals was found in the simple landscape with lower biodiversity (CFL) than in the complex landscape with higher biodiversity (MUL). The overall prevalence (P), mean abundance (MA) and mean intensity (MI) of chigger mites on small mammals were much higher in CFL than in MUL. The main vector mite species on their main rodent hosts also showed a higher P, MA and MI in CFL than in MUL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Ying Peng
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, and the Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management in Mountainous Region, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Xian-Guo Guo
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, and the Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management in Mountainous Region, Guiyang, P.R. China
- Vector Laboratory, Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan Province, P.R. China
| | - Dao-Chao Jin
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, and the Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management in Mountainous Region, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Ge Dong
- Vector Laboratory, Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan Province, P.R. China
| | - Ti-Jun Qian
- Vector Laboratory, Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan Province, P.R. China
| | - Feng Qin
- Vector Laboratory, Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan Province, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Hua Yang
- Vector Laboratory, Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan Province, P.R. China
| | - Rong Fan
- Vector Laboratory, Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan Province, P.R. China
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