1
|
Yang H, Chen Y, Wang L, Gan B, Yu L, Ren R, Kwok HF, Wu Y, Cao Z. The Fungal Secretory Peptide Micasin Induces Itch by Activating MRGPRX1/C11/A1 on Peripheral Neurons. J Invest Dermatol 2024:S0022-202X(24)01871-2. [PMID: 38945438 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Pruritus is the leading symptom of dermatophytosis. Microsporium canis is one of the predominant dermatophytes causing dermatophytosis. However, the pruritogenic agents and the related molecular mechanisms of the dermatophyte M canis remain poorly understood. In this study, the secretion of the dermatophyte M canis was found to dose-dependently evoke itch in mice. The fungal peptide micasin secreted from M canis was then identified to elicit mouse significant scratching and itching responses. The peptide micasin was further revealed to directly activate mouse dorsal root ganglia neurons to mediate the nonhistaminergic itch. Knockout and antagonistic experiments demonstrated that MRGPRX1/C11/A1 rather than MRGPRX2/b2 activated by micasin contributed to pruritus. The chimeras and single-amino acid variants of MRGPRX1 showed that 3 domains (extracellular loop 3, transmembrane helical domain 3, and transmembrane helical domain 6) and 4 hydrophobic residues (Y99, F237, L240, and W241) of MRGPRX1 played the key role in micasin-triggered MRGPRX1 activation. Our study sheds light on the dermatophytosis-associated pruritus and may provide potential therapeutic targets and strategies against pruritus caused by dermatophytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Yang
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China; State Key Laboratory of Virology, Shenzhen Research Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Shenzhen Research Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Luyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Shenzhen Research Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bing Gan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Leiye Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruobing Ren
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hang Fai Kwok
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, China
| | - Yingliang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Shenzhen Research Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhijian Cao
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shi L, Li J, Liu W, Shi D. Coexistence of Malassezia Species and Microsporum canis in the Lesions of Adult with Tinea Capitis. Infect Drug Resist 2024; 17:2431-2438. [PMID: 38912215 PMCID: PMC11193443 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s455485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Tinea capitis, primarily caused by dermatophytes such as Trichophyton and Microsporum species, is a superficial fungal infection affecting the scalp and hair, commonly observed in prepubertal children but rare in adults. Here we report a unique case of an adult female with tinea capitis presenting as diffused alopecia and erythema inflammation on the scalp's apex, mimicking seborrheic dermatitis. Examination of the hair and scalp using fluorescence microscopy and fungal culture identified the presence of hyphae from Malassezia globosa, Malassezia furfur and Microsporum canis. The patient underwent with oral antifungal treatment for 3 months, resulting in the resolution of the rash and subsequent hair regrowth, with no recurrence during 6-month follow-up. In vitro co-culture experiments of Microsporum canis and Malassezia (both Malassezia globose and Malassezia furfur) revealed that Malassezia appears to facilitate Microsporum canis growth, while the reverse was not observed. This data suggests that Malassezia's use of long-chain fatty acids by might reduce its antibacterial effect, potentially aiding adult tinea capitis development caused by Microsporum canis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leyao Shi
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juanjuan Li
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weida Liu
- Department of Medical Mycology, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Jining No. 1 People’s Hospital, Jining, Shandong, 272067, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Jining No. 1 People’s Hospital, Jining, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Deng R, Chen X, Zheng D, Xiao Y, Dong B, Cao C, Ma L, Tong Z, Zhu M, Liu Z, Lu S, Fu M, Jin Y, Yin B, Li F, Li X, Abliz P, Liu H, Zhang Y, Yu N, Wu W, Xiong X, Zeng J, Huang H, Jiang Y, Chen G, Pan W, Sang H, Wang Y, Guo Y, Shi D, Yang J, Ran Y, Hu J, Yang L, Bai S, Yu J, Wang X, Li R. Epidemiologic features and therapeutic strategies of kerion: A nationwide multicentre study. Mycoses 2024; 67:e13751. [PMID: 38825584 DOI: 10.1111/myc.13751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kerion is a severe type of tinea capitis that is difficult to treat and remains a public health problem. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the epidemiologic features and efficacy of different treatment schemes from real-world experience. METHODS From 2019 to 2021, 316 patients diagnosed with kerion at 32 tertiary Chinese hospitals were enrolled. We analysed the data of each patient, including clinical characteristics, causative pathogens, treatments and outcomes. RESULTS Preschool children were predominantly affected and were more likely to have zoophilic infection. The most common pathogen in China was Microsporum canis. Atopic dermatitis (AD), animal contact, endothrix infection and geophilic pathogens were linked with kerion occurrence. In terms of treatment, itraconazole was the most applied antifungal agent and reduced the time to mycological cure. A total of 22.5% of patients received systemic glucocorticoids simultaneously, which reduced the time to complete symptom relief. Furthermore, glucocorticoids combined with itraconazole had better treatment efficacy, with a higher rate and shorter time to achieving mycological cure. CONCLUSIONS Kerion often affects preschoolers and leads to serious sequelae, with AD, animal contact, and endothrix infection as potential risk factors. Glucocorticoids, especially those combined with itraconazole, had better treatment efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruixin Deng
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, National Clinical Research Centre for Skin and Immune Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, National Clinical Research Centre for Skin and Immune Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses, Beijing, China
| | - Dongyan Zheng
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Bilin Dong
- Department of Dermatology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Cunwei Cao
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongsheng Tong
- Department of Dermatology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zehu Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Affiliated Hangzhou Dermatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sha Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Fu
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Yun Jin
- Department of Dermatology, Dermatology Hospital of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Bin Yin
- Department of Dermatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Fuqiu Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Palida Abliz
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Hongfang Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Nan Yu
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Weiwei Wu
- Department of Dermatology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Hainan Province, Haikou, China
| | - Xincai Xiong
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jingsi Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huaiqiu Huang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanping Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Guanzhi Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Weihua Pan
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Sang
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Changhai Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Guo
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Dongmei Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Jianxun Yang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuping Ran
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Hu
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | | | - Shuang Bai
- The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Jin Yu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, National Clinical Research Centre for Skin and Immune Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaowen Wang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, National Clinical Research Centre for Skin and Immune Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses, Beijing, China
| | - Ruoyu Li
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, National Clinical Research Centre for Skin and Immune Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xiao YY, Zhou YB, Chao JJ, Ma L. Epidemiology of Tinea Capitis in Children in Beijing and Adjacent Regions, China: A 15-Year Retrospective Study. Mycopathologia 2023; 188:531-535. [PMID: 35980497 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-022-00649-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tinea capitis is the most common dermatophytosis in children. Due to many factors, the types of pathogenic fungi of tinea capitis vary all over the world, and the pathogenic fungi of tinea capitis may change over time even in the same region. OBJECTIVES To investigated the epidemiological characteristics and pathogenic strains distribution of tinea capitis in children in Beijing and adjacent regions. Patients/Methods Through retrospective study and epidemiological analysis, we investigated the epidemiological characteristics of tinea capitis in children in Beijing and adjacent regions over 15 years. RESULTS A total of 1739 children with tinea capitis were retrospectively investigated from January 2006 to December 2020, including 1100 boys and 639 girls. A total of 67.4% of tinea capitis patients were between 1 and 5 years of age. A decreasing trend in tinea capitis was observed before 2009, while for the following 12 years, the incidence rate of tinea capitis fluctuated little. Zoophilic isolates (primarily Microsporum canis) were responsible for 88.4% of tinea capitis. Males are at greater risk for M. canis infection (p = 0.02). CONCLUSION Zoophilic species were responsible for approximately nine-tenth of the tinea capitis cases. The incidence of tinea capitis decreased before 2009.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yuan Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 56 Nan Lishi Rd, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Ya Bin Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 56 Nan Lishi Rd, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Jin Jing Chao
- Department of Dermatology, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 56 Nan Lishi Rd, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Department of Dermatology, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 56 Nan Lishi Rd, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100045, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen XQ, Yu J. Global Demographic Characteristics and Pathogen Spectrum of Tinea Capitis. Mycopathologia 2023; 188:433-447. [PMID: 37012556 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-023-00710-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Tinea capitis is an important superficial fungal infection with a global distribution. It mainly affects prepubertal children and is more common in males. Anthropophilic and zoophilic dermatophytes are responsible for most infections. The pathogen spectrum of tinea capitis varies across different regions and changes over time, and is influenced by multiple factors, such as economic development, changes in lifestyle, immigration and animal distribution. This review aimed to clarify the demographic and etiological characteristics of tinea capitis worldwide and determine the common trends of causative pathogens. By mainly analyzing the literature published from 2015 to 2022, we found that the incidence and demographic characteristics of tinea capitis remained generally stable. Zoophilic Microsporum canis, anthropophilic Trichophyton violaceum and Trichophyton tonsurans were the predominant pathogens. The pathogen spectra in different countries changed in different directions. In some countries, the main pathogen shifted to an anthropophilic dermatophyte, such as T. tonsurans, Microsporum audouinii or T. violaceum; in contrast, it shifted to a zoophilic agent, such as M. canis, in some other countries. Dermatologists are advised to continue monitoring the pathogen spectrum and implement preventive measures according to the reported changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qing Chen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, National Clinical Research Center for Skin and Immune Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Cosmetics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Yu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, National Clinical Research Center for Skin and Immune Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Cosmetics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhi HL, Xia XJ, Shen H, Lv WW, Zhong Y, Sang B, Li QP, Liu ZH. Trichoscopy for early diagnosis and follow-up of pet-related neonatal tinea capitis. Mycopathologia 2023; 188:1. [PMID: 36652037 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-023-00709-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
We report infant zigzag hairs as a distinct trichoscopic sign for follow up a case of pet-related newborn tinea capitis due to Microsporum canis. Formation of infant zigzag hairs due to ectothrix M. canis infection may be associated soft neonatal widespread thin hair, which is different from vellus hair and terminal hair. In addition, tinea capitis was further confirmed by transmission electric microscopy and fungal culture. The patient was successfully treated by weekly oral fluconazole (8 mg/kg). Therefore, the handheld dermoscopy is a simple, non-invasive and very inexpensive technique for the diagnosis and follow-up of tinea capitis, especially for infant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Lin Zhi
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Affiliated Hangzhou Dermatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, West Lake Rd 38, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Xiu-Jiao Xia
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Affiliated Hangzhou Dermatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, West Lake Rd 38, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Hong Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Affiliated Hangzhou Dermatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, West Lake Rd 38, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Wen-Wen Lv
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Affiliated Hangzhou Dermatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, West Lake Rd 38, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Yan Zhong
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Affiliated Hangzhou Dermatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, West Lake Rd 38, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Bo Sang
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Affiliated Hangzhou Dermatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, West Lake Rd 38, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Qiu-Ping Li
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Affiliated Hangzhou Dermatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, West Lake Rd 38, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Ze-Hu Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Affiliated Hangzhou Dermatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, West Lake Rd 38, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Maruani A, Barbarot S, Gangneux JP, Caseris M, Moreau C, Brun S, Botterel F, Menotti J, Toubiana J, Chouchana L, Beylot-Barry M, Dupin N, Guillot B, Chosidow O. Management of tinea capitis in children following the withdrawal of griseofulvin from the French market: A fast-track algorithm proposed by the Center of Evidence of the French Society of Dermatology. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2022; 149:238-240. [PMID: 36229261 DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Maruani
- Universités de Tours et Nantes, Inserm 1246-SPHERE, CHRU de Tours, service de dermatologie, unité de dermatologie pédiatrique, 37000 Tours, France; Centre de Preuves en Dermatologie, Société Française de Dermatologie Pédiatrique, Société Française de Dermatologie, France.
| | - S Barbarot
- Centre de Preuves en Dermatologie, Société Française de Dermatologie Pédiatrique, Société Française de Dermatologie, France; Nantes Université, Servie de Dermatologie, CHU Nantes, UMR 1280 PhAN, INRAE, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - J P Gangneux
- Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, CHU de Rennes, Univ Rennes, Inserm, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F35000 Rennes, France; Société Française de Mycologie Médicale, France
| | - M Caseris
- Infectiologie mobile, Hôpital Robert Debré, AP-HP, 75019 Paris, France; Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique de la Société Française de Pédiatrie, France
| | - C Moreau
- Service Pharmacie, Hôpital Robert-Debré (AP-HP), 75019 Paris, France
| | - S Brun
- Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Hôpital Avicenne, AP-HP, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France; Société Française de Mycologie Médicale, France
| | - F Botterel
- Unité de Parasitologie - Mycologie, Département de Prévention, diagnostic et traitement des infections, CHU de Créteil, AP-HP, Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France; Société Française de Mycologie Médicale, France
| | - J Menotti
- Service de Parasitologie et Mycologie Médicale, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon / Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France; Société Française de Mycologie Médicale, France
| | - J Toubiana
- Service de pédiatrie générale et maladies infectieuses, Hôpital Necker Enfants malades, AP-HP, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - L Chouchana
- Centre Régional de Pharmacovigilance, Service de Pharmacologie, EA 7323 Pharmacologie et Evaluation des Thérapeutiques chez l'enfant et la femme enceinte, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Université de Paris, Paris, France; Société Française de Pharmacologie et Thérapeutique, France
| | - M Beylot-Barry
- Service de Dermatologie, CHU de Bordeaux, INSERM U1312, Bordeaux, France; Centre de Preuves en Dermatologie, Société Française de Dermatologie, France
| | - N Dupin
- Centre de Preuves en Dermatologie, Société Française de Dermatologie, France; Service de dermatologie Hôpital Cochin AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - B Guillot
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - O Chosidow
- Service de Dermatologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri-Mondor, AP-HP, Créteil, France; Universités de Tours et Nantes, Inserm 1246-SPHERE, France; Centre de Preuves en Dermatologie, GrIDIST Groupe Infectiologie Dermatologique, ISD-SIDA, Société Française de Dermatologie, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Powell J, Porter E, Field S, O'Connell N, Carty K, Dunne CP. Epidemiology of dermatomycoses and onychomycoses in Ireland (2001 to 2020): A single-institution review. Mycoses 2022; 65:770-779. [PMID: 35598177 PMCID: PMC9327510 DOI: 10.1111/myc.13473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Background Fungal skin infections are recognised as one of the most common health disorders globally, and dermatophyte infections of the skin, hair and nails are the most common fungal infections. Dermatophytes can be classified as anthropophilic, zoophilic or geophilic species based on their primary habitat association, and this classification makes epidemiological analysis useful for the prevention and control of these infections. The Irish contribution to the epidemiology of these infections has been scant, with just two papers (both reporting paediatric tinea capitis only) published in the last 20 years, and none in the last seven. Objectives To perform a comprehensive retrospective epidemiological analysis of all dermatological mycology tests performed in University Hospital Limerick over a 20‐year period. Methods All mycology laboratory test results were extracted from the Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS, iLab, DXC Technologies) from 2001 to 2020 inclusive for analysis. Specimen types were categorised according to the site of sampling. The data were analysed using Microsoft Excel. Results About 12,951 specimens of skin, hair and nails were studied. Median patient age was 42 years (IQR 26–57) with a slight female preponderance (57.2%). Two thirds of samples (67%, n = 8633) were nail, 32% were skin scrapings (n = 4118) and 200 hair samples (1.5%) were received. Zoophilic dermatophytes were more commonly present in females (38% F, 23% M, proportion of dermatophytes) and in those under 10 years of age or from 45 to 70 years (36% and 34% zoophiles, respectively, proportion of dermatophytes), although anthropophiles predominated every age and gender category. Anthropophiles had their highest prevalence in the 10–20 years age category (80% anthropophiles, proportion of dermatophytes), and yeast infections were more prevalent in older patients (29% of >60 year olds vs. 17% of <60 year olds, proportion of all fungal positives). Trichophyton rubrum was the most prevalent pathogen detected, accounting for 53% of all dermatophytes detected, 61% of those detected from nail samples and 34% from skin and hair samples. Trichophyton tonsurans was the most prevalent dermatophyte in tinea capitis, accounting for 37% of dermatophytes detected. Both of these organisms are anthropophilic, and this group showed consistently increased prevalence in proportion to all fungal isolates. The proportion of this dermatophyte class (anthropophiles) increased among both nail samples and skin/hair samples during the study period, from 55% of samples in the first 5 years of the study (2001–2005) to 88% (proportion of dermatophytes) in the final 5 years. Conversely, yeast detection decreased. Conclusions This study provides a detailed overview of the epidemiology of the fungal cultures of skin, nail and hair samples in the Mid‐West of Ireland over a 20‐year period. Monitoring this changing landscape is important in identifying likely sources of infections, to identifying potential outbreaks, and may help guide empiric treatment. To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the first detailed analysis from Ireland of fungal detections from skin, hair and nail samples, and is the first epidemiological fungal report of any kind in over 7 years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Powell
- Department of Microbiology, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.,School of Medicine and Centre for Interventions in Infection, Inflammation, and Immunity (4i), University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Emma Porter
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Sinead Field
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Nuala O'Connell
- Department of Microbiology, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.,School of Medicine and Centre for Interventions in Infection, Inflammation, and Immunity (4i), University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Kieran Carty
- Department of Microbiology, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Colum P Dunne
- School of Medicine and Centre for Interventions in Infection, Inflammation, and Immunity (4i), University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Drerup KA, Brasch J. Tinea capitis bei Kindern – ein buntes Krankheitsbild. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00112-022-01496-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
ZusammenfassungBei der Tinea capitis (TC) handelt es sich um eine Infektion der behaarten Kopfhaut durch Dermatophyten, ganz überwiegend durch anthropophile und zoophile Arten. Hauptsächlich sind Kinder betroffen. Die Inzidenz der TC nimmt in Deutschland aktuell aufgrund verschiedener Ursachen zu, wie z. B. der Migrationsbewegung aus Afrika und Reisen. Auch das Erregerspektrum verändert sich. Da das klinische Bild einer TC sehr unterschiedlich sein kann, sind initiale Fehldiagnosen häufig. Um diagnostische Irrtümer und unwirksame Therapieversuche zu vermeiden, sollten Pädiater:innen mit allen Aspekten der TC vertraut sein. Dazu werden die Klinik sowie die Erreger der TC erläutert; des Weiteren werden die Diagnostik sowie leitliniengerechte Therapie der TC dargestellt. Darüber hinaus werden Maßnahmen zur Verhinderung von Reinfektionen oder Infektionen anderer Kinder erklärt.
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen XQ, Zheng DY, Xiao YY, Dong BL, Cao CW, Ma L, Tong ZS, Zhu M, Liu ZH, Xi LY, Fu M, Jin Y, Yin B, Li FQ, Li XF, Abliz P, Liu HF, Zhang Y, Yu N, Wu WW, Xiong XC, Zeng JS, Huang HQ, Jiang YP, Chen GZ, Pan WH, Sang H, Wang Y, Guo Y, Shi DM, Yang JX, Chen W, Wan Z, Li RY, Wang AP, Ran YP, Yu J. Aetiology of tinea capitis in China: A multicentre prospective study. Br J Dermatol 2021; 186:705-712. [PMID: 34741300 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.20875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tinea capitis is still common in developing countries, such as China. Its pathogen spectrum varies across regions and changes over time. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to clarify the current epidemiological characteristics and pathogen spectrum of tinea capitis in China. METHODS A multicentre, prospective descriptive study involving 29 tertiary hospitals in China was conducted. From August 2019 to July 2020, 611 patients with tinea capitis were enrolled. Data concerning demography, risk factors and fungal tests were collected. The pathogens were further identified by morphology or molecular sequencing when necessary in the central laboratory. RESULTS Among all enrolled patients, 74.1% of the cases were 2- to 8-year-olds. The children with tinea capitis were mainly boys (56.2%) and more likely to have an animal contact history (57.4% vs. 35.3%, P = 0.012) and zoophilic dermatophyte infection (73.5%). The adults were mainly females (83.3%) and more likely to have anthropophilic agent infection (53.5%). The most common pathogen was zoophilic Microsporum canis (354, 65.2%), followed by anthropophilic Trichophyton violaceum (74, 13.6%). In contrast to the eastern, western and northeastern regions where zoophilic M. canis predominated, anthropophilic T. violaceum predominated in central China (69.2%, P < 0.0001), where the patients had the most tinea at other sites (20.3%) and dermatophytosis contact (25.9%) with the least animal contact (38.8%). Microsporum ferrugineum was the most common anthropophilic agent in the western area, especially in Xinjiang Province. CONCLUSIONS Boys aged approximately 5 years were mainly affected. Dermatologists are advised to pay more attention to the different transmission routes and pathogen spectra in different age groups from different regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X-Q Chen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, National Clinical Research Centre for Skin and Immune Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Cosmetics, Beijing, China
| | - D-Y Zheng
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Y-Y Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - B-L Dong
- Department of Dermatology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - C-W Cao
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - L Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Z-S Tong
- Department of Dermatology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - M Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Z-H Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Affiliated Hangzhou Dermatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - L-Y Xi
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - M Fu
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Y Jin
- Department of Dermatology, Dermatology Hospital of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - B Yin
- Department of Dermatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - F-Q Li
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - X-F Li
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - P Abliz
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - H-F Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - N Yu
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - W-W Wu
- Department of Dermatology, the Fifth People's Hospital of Hainan Province, Haikou, China
| | - X-C Xiong
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - J-S Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - H-Q Huang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Y-P Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - G-Z Chen
- Department of Dermatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - W-H Pan
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - H Sang
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Changhai Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Guo
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - D-M Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Jining No, People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - J-X Yang
- Department of Dermatology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - W Chen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, National Clinical Research Centre for Skin and Immune Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Cosmetics, Beijing, China
| | - Z Wan
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, National Clinical Research Centre for Skin and Immune Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Cosmetics, Beijing, China
| | - R-Y Li
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, National Clinical Research Centre for Skin and Immune Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Cosmetics, Beijing, China
| | - A-P Wang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, National Clinical Research Centre for Skin and Immune Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Cosmetics, Beijing, China
| | - Y-P Ran
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - J Yu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, National Clinical Research Centre for Skin and Immune Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Cosmetics, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|