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Leaver AM. Perceptual and cognitive effects of focal tDCS of auditory cortex in tinnitus. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.01.31.24302093. [PMID: 38352362 PMCID: PMC10863023 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.31.24302093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Noninvasive brain stimulation continues to grow as an effective, low-risk way of improving the symptoms of brain conditions. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is particularly well-tolerated, with benefits including low cost and potential portability. Nevertheless, continued study of perceptual and cognitive side effects is warranted, given the complexity of functional brain organization. This paper describes the results of a brief battery of tablet-based tasks used in a recent pilot study of auditory-cortex tDCS in people with chronic tinnitus. METHODS Volunteers with chronic tinnitus (n=20) completed two hearing tasks (pure-tone thresholds, Words In Noise) and two cognitive tasks (Flanker, Dimension Change Card Sort) from the NIH Toolbox. Volunteers were randomized to active or sham 4×1 Ag/AgCl tDCS of auditory cortex, and tasks were completed immediately before and after the first tDCS session, and after the fifth/final tDCS session. Statistics included linear mixed-effects models for change in task performance over time. RESULTS Before tDCS, performance on both auditory tasks was highly correlated with clinical audiometry, supporting the external validity of these measures (r2>0.89 for all). Although overall auditory task performance did not change after active or sham tDCS, detection of right-ear Words in Noise stimuli modestly improved after five active tDCS sessions (t(34)=-2.07, p=0.05). On cognitive tasks, reaction times were quicker after sham tDCS, reflecting expected practice effects (e.g., t(88)=3.22, p=0.002 after 5 sessions on Flanker task). However, reaction times did not improve over repeated sessions in the active group, suggesting that tDCS interfered with learning these practice effects. CONCLUSIONS Repeated sessions of auditory-cortex tDCS does not appear to adversely affect hearing or cognition, but may modestly improve hearing in noisy environments and interfere with some types of motor learning. Low-burden cognitive/perceptual test batteries could be a powerful way to identify adverse effects and new treatment targets in brain stimulation research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber M. Leaver
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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Luthra S, Mechtenberg H, Giorio C, Theodore RM, Magnuson JS, Myers EB. Using TMS to evaluate a causal role for right posterior temporal cortex in talker-specific phonetic processing. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2023; 240:105264. [PMID: 37087863 PMCID: PMC10286152 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2023.105264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Theories suggest that speech perception is informed by listeners' beliefs of what phonetic variation is typical of a talker. A previous fMRI study found right middle temporal gyrus (RMTG) sensitivity to whether a phonetic variant was typical of a talker, consistent with literature suggesting that the right hemisphere may play a key role in conditioning phonetic identity on talker information. The current work used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to test whether the RMTG plays a causal role in processing talker-specific phonetic variation. Listeners were exposed to talkers who differed in how they produced voiceless stop consonants while TMS was applied to RMTG, left MTG, or scalp vertex. Listeners subsequently showed near-ceiling performance in indicating which of two variants was typical of a trained talker, regardless of previous stimulation site. Thus, even though the RMTG is recruited for talker-specific phonetic processing, modulation of its function may have only modest consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - James S Magnuson
- University of Connecticut, United States; BCBL. Basque Center on Cognition Brain and Language, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
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Shibata S, Watanabe T, Matsumoto T, Yunoki K, Horinouchi T, Kirimoto H, Zhang J, Wang H, Wu J, Onishi H, Mima T. Triple tSMS system (“SHIN jiba”) for non-invasive deep brain stimulation: a validation study in healthy subjects. J Neuroeng Rehabil 2022; 19:129. [DOI: 10.1186/s12984-022-01110-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Transcranial static magnetic field stimulation (tSMS) using a small and strong neodymium (NdFeB) magnet can temporarily suppress brain functions below the magnet. It is a promising non-invasive brain stimulation modality because of its competitive advantages such as safety, simplicity, and low-cost. However, current tSMS is insufficient to effectively stimulate deep brain areas due to attenuation of the magnetic field with the distance from the magnet. The aim of this study was to develop a brand-new tSMS system for non-invasive deep brain stimulation.
Methods
We designed and fabricated a triple tSMS system with three cylindrical NdFeB magnets placed close to each other. We compared the strength of magnetic field produced by the triple tSMS system with that by the current tSMS. Furthermore, to confirm its function, we stimulated the primary motor area in 17 healthy subjects with the triple tSMS for 20 min and assessed the cortical excitability using the motor evoked potential (MEP) obtained by transcranial magnetic stimulation.
Results
Our triple tSMS system produced the magnetic field sufficient for neuromodulation up to 80 mm depth from the magnet surface, which was 30 mm deeper than the current tSMS system. In the stimulation experiment, the triple tSMS significantly reduced the MEP amplitude, demonstrating a successful inhibition of the M1 excitability in healthy subjects.
Conclusion
Our triple tSMS system has an ability to produce an effective magnetic field in deep areas and to modulate the brain functions. It can be used for non-invasive deep brain stimulation.
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Soto-León V, Torres-Llacsa M, Mordillo-Mateos L, Carrasco-López C, Pineda-Pardo JA, Velasco AI, Abad-Toribio L, Tornero J, Foffani G, Strange BA, Oliviero A. Static magnetic field stimulation over motor cortex modulates resting functional connectivity in humans. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7834. [PMID: 35551490 PMCID: PMC9098424 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11859-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Focal application of transcranial static magnetic field stimulation (tSMS) over the human motor cortex induces local changes in cortical excitability. Whether tSMS can also induce distant network effects, and how these local and distant effects may vary over time, is currently unknown. In this study, we applied 10 min tSMS over the left motor cortex of healthy subjects using a real/sham parallel design. To measure tSMS effects at the sensori-motor network level, we used resting-state fMRI. Real tSMS, but not sham, reduced functional connectivity within the stimulated sensori-motor network. This effect of tSMS showed time-dependency, returning to sham levels after the first 5 min of fMRI scanning. With 10 min real tSMS over the motor cortex we did not observe effects in other functional networks examined (default mode and visual system networks). In conclusion, 10 min of tSMS over a location within the sensori-motor network reduces functional connectivity within the same functional network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa Soto-León
- FENNSI Group, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Finca La Peraleda s/n, 45071, Toledo, Spain.
| | - Mabel Torres-Llacsa
- FENNSI Group, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Finca La Peraleda s/n, 45071, Toledo, Spain
| | - Laura Mordillo-Mateos
- FENNSI Group, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Finca La Peraleda s/n, 45071, Toledo, Spain.,Universidad de Castilla la Mancha, Talavera de la Reina, Toledo, Spain
| | - Carmen Carrasco-López
- FENNSI Group, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Finca La Peraleda s/n, 45071, Toledo, Spain.,IoTaP (Internet of Things and People), Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - José A Pineda-Pardo
- HM CINAC (Centro Integral de Neurociencias Abarca Campal), Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, HM Hospitales, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana I Velasco
- Universidad Alfonso X El Sabio, Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Guglielmo Foffani
- HM CINAC (Centro Integral de Neurociencias Abarca Campal), Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, HM Hospitales, Madrid, Spain.,Neural Bioengineering Group, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | - Bryan A Strange
- Laboratory for Clinical Neuroscience, Centre of Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Oliviero
- FENNSI Group, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Finca La Peraleda s/n, 45071, Toledo, Spain. .,Hospital Los Madroños, Brunete, Madrid, Spain.
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Kirimoto H, Watanabe T, Kubo N, Date S, Sunagawa T, Mima T, Ogata K, Nakazono H, Tobimatsu S, Oliviero A. Influence of Static Magnetic Field Stimulation on the Accuracy of Tachystoscopically Presented Line Bisection. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10121006. [PMID: 33352946 PMCID: PMC7766566 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10121006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcranial static magnetic stimulation (tSMS) has been known to reduce human cortical excitability. Here, we investigated whether tSMS would modulate visuo-spatial cognition in healthy humans. Subjects performed a visuo-spatial task requiring judgements about the symmetry of pre-bisected lines. Visual stimuli consisted of symmetrically or asymmetrically transected lines, tachystoscopically presented for 150 ms on a computer monitor. Task performance was examined before, immediately after, and 10 min after tSMS/sham stimulation of 20 min over the posterior parietal cortex (PPC: P4 from the international 10-20 system) or superior temporal gyrus (STG: C6). Nine out of 16 subjects misjudged pre-bisected lines by consistently underestimating the length of the right-side segment (judging lines to be exactly pre-bisected when the transector was located to the left of the midpoint, or judging the left-side segment to be longer when the transector was located at the midpoint). In these subjects showing a leftward bias, tSMS over the right STG reduced the magnitude of the leftward bias. This did not occur with tSMS over the right PPC or sham stimulation. In the remaining right-biased subjects, no intervention effect was observed with any stimulation. Our findings indicate that application of tSMS over the right STG modulates visuo-spatial cognition in healthy adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikari Kirimoto
- Department of Sensorimotor Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 7348553, Japan; (T.W.); (N.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Tatsunori Watanabe
- Department of Sensorimotor Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 7348553, Japan; (T.W.); (N.K.)
| | - Nami Kubo
- Department of Sensorimotor Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 7348553, Japan; (T.W.); (N.K.)
| | - Shota Date
- Department of Analysis and Control of Upper Extremity Function, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 7348553, Japan; (S.D.); (T.S.)
| | - Toru Sunagawa
- Department of Analysis and Control of Upper Extremity Function, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 7348553, Japan; (S.D.); (T.S.)
| | - Tatsuya Mima
- Graduate School of Core Ethics and Frontier Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kyoto 6038577, Japan;
| | - Katsuya Ogata
- Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Fukuoka 8318501, Japan;
| | - Hisato Nakazono
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Fukuoka International University of Health and Welfare, Fukuoka 8140001, Japan; (H.N.); (S.T.)
| | - Shozo Tobimatsu
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Fukuoka International University of Health and Welfare, Fukuoka 8140001, Japan; (H.N.); (S.T.)
| | - Antonio Oliviero
- FENNSI Group, Hospital Nacional de Paraple’jicos, SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain;
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Tsuru D, Watanabe T, Chen X, Kubo N, Sunagawa T, Mima T, Kirimoto H. The effects of transcranial static magnetic fields stimulation over the supplementary motor area on anticipatory postural adjustments. Neurosci Lett 2020; 723:134863. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.134863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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