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Bresciani G, Manai F, Davinelli S, Tucci P, Saso L, Amadio M. Novel potential pharmacological applications of dimethyl fumarate-an overview and update. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1264842. [PMID: 37745068 PMCID: PMC10512734 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1264842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an FDA-approved drug for the treatment of psoriasis and multiple sclerosis. DMF is known to stabilize the transcription factor Nrf2, which in turn induces the expression of antioxidant response element genes. It has also been shown that DMF influences autophagy and participates in the transcriptional control of inflammatory factors by inhibiting NF-κB and its downstream targets. DMF is receiving increasing attention for its potential to be repurposed for several diseases. This versatile molecule is indeed able to exert beneficial effects on different medical conditions through a pleiotropic mechanism, in virtue of its antioxidant, immunomodulatory, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-proliferative effects. A growing number of preclinical and clinical studies show that DMF may have important therapeutic implications for chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular and respiratory pathologies, cancer, eye disorders, neurodegenerative conditions, and systemic or organ specific inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases. This comprehensive review summarizes and highlights the plethora of DMF's beneficial effects and underlines its repurposing opportunities in a variety of clinical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Bresciani
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Federico Manai
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology L. Spallanzani, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Sergio Davinelli
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Paolo Tucci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Vittorio Erspamer, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Marialaura Amadio
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Piao L, Wang Y, Liu X, Sun G, Zhang S, Yan J, Chen Y, Meng Y, Li M, Gu W. Exogenous Hemin alleviated cadmium stress in maize ( Zea mays L.) by enhancing leaf photosynthesis, AsA-GSH cycle and polyamine metabolism. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:993675. [PMID: 36160952 PMCID: PMC9493101 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.993675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) stress is one of the principal abiotic stresses that inhibit maize growth. The research was to explore (hemin chloride) Hemin (100 μmol L-1) on photosynthesis, ascorbic acid (AsA)-glutathione (GSH) cycle system, and polyamine metabolism of maize under Cd stress (85 mg L-1) using nutrient solution hydroponics, with Tiannong 9 (Cd tolerant) and Fenghe 6 (Cd sensitive) as experimental materials. The results showed that Hemin can increase leaf photosynthetic pigment content and ameliorate the ratio of Chlorophyll a/chlorophyll b (Chla/Chlb) under Cd stress. The values of ribose 1, 5-diphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBPcase) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPCase), and total xanthophyll cycle pool [(violoxanthin (V), antiflavin (A) and zeaxanthin (Z)] increased, which enhancing xanthophyll cycle (DEPS) de-epoxidation, and alleviating stomatal and non-stomatal limitation of leaf photosynthesis. Hemin significantly increased net photosynthetic rate (Pn ), stomatal conductance (gs ), transpiration rate (Tr ), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP), PSII maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm ), and electron transfer rate (ETR), which contributed to the improvement of the PSII photosynthetic system. Compared with Cd stress, Hemin can reduce thiobartolic acid reactant (TBARS) content, superoxide anion radical (O2 -) production rate, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation, and the extent of electrolyte leakage (EL); decreased the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) content and increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT); slowed the decrease in dehydroascorbic acid reductase (DHAR) and monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) activity and the increase in glutathione reductase (GR) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity in leaves; promoted the increase in AsA and GSH content, decreased dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and increased AsA/DHA and GSH/GSSG ratios under Cd stress. Hemin promoted the increase of conjugated and bound polyamine content, and the conversion process speed of free putrescine (Put) to free spermine (Spm) and spermidine (Spd) in maize; decreased polyamine oxidase (PAO) activity and increased diamine oxidase (DAO), arginine decarboxylase (ADC), ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC) enzyme activities in leaves under Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Piao
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Maize Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Guangyan Sun
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Junyao Yan
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Heilongjiang Kenfeng Seed Industry Co., Ltd., Harbin, China
| | - Yao Meng
- Heilongjiang Academy of Land Reclamation Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Ming Li
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Wanrong Gu
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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Buscail E, Deraison C. Postoperative Ileus: a Pharmacological Perspective. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 179:3283-3305. [PMID: 35048360 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-operative ileus (POI) is a frequent complication after abdominal surgery. The consequences of POI can be potentially serious such as bronchial inhalation or acute functional renal failure. Numerous advances in peri-operative management, particularly early rehabilitation, have made it possible to decrease POI. Despite this, the rate of prolonged POI ileus remains high and can be as high as 25% of patients in colorectal surgery. From a pathophysiological point of view, POI has two phases, an early neurological phase and a later inflammatory phase, to which we could add a "pharmacological" phase during which analgesic drugs, particularly opiates, play a central role. The aim of this review article is to describe the phases of the pathophysiology of POI, to analyse the pharmacological treatments currently available through published clinical trials and finally to discuss the different research areas for potential pharmacological targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Buscail
- IRSD, INSERM, INRAE, ENVT, University of Toulouse, CHU Purpan (University Hospital Centre), Toulouse, France.,Department of digestive surgery, colorectal surgery unit, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Céline Deraison
- IRSD, INSERM, INRAE, ENVT, University of Toulouse, CHU Purpan (University Hospital Centre), Toulouse, France
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Wattchow D, Heitmann P, Smolilo D, Spencer NJ, Parker D, Hibberd T, Brookes SSJ, Dinning PG, Costa M. Postoperative ileus-An ongoing conundrum. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2021; 33:e14046. [PMID: 33252179 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative ileus is common and is a major clinical problem. It has been widely studied in patients and in experimental models in laboratory animals. A wide variety of treatments have been tested to prevent or modify the course of this disorder. PURPOSE This review draws together information on animal studies of ileus with studies on human patients. It summarizes some of the conceptual advances made in understanding the mechanisms that underlie paralytic ileus. The treatments that have been tested in human subjects (both pharmacological and non-pharmacological) and their efficacy are summarized and graded consistent with current clinical guidelines. The review is not intended to provide a comprehensive overview of ileus, but rather a general understanding of the major clinical problems associated with it, how animal models have been useful to elucidate key mechanisms and, finally, some perspectives from both scientists and clinicians as to how we may move forward with this debilitating yet common condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Wattchow
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine and Public Health, The Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Paul Heitmann
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine and Public Health, The Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - David Smolilo
- Department of Human Physiology, College of Medicine and Public Health, The Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Nick J Spencer
- Department of Human Physiology, College of Medicine and Public Health, The Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Dominic Parker
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine and Public Health, The Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA, Australia.,Department of Human Physiology, College of Medicine and Public Health, The Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Timothy Hibberd
- Department of Human Physiology, College of Medicine and Public Health, The Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Simon S J Brookes
- Department of Human Physiology, College of Medicine and Public Health, The Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Phil G Dinning
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine and Public Health, The Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA, Australia.,Department of Human Physiology, College of Medicine and Public Health, The Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Marcello Costa
- Department of Human Physiology, College of Medicine and Public Health, The Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
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Puentes-Pardo JD, Moreno-SanJuan S, Carazo Á, León J. Heme Oxygenase-1 in Gastrointestinal Tract Health and Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9121214. [PMID: 33276470 PMCID: PMC7760122 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) is the rate-limiting enzyme of heme oxidative degradation, generating carbon monoxide (CO), free iron, and biliverdin. HO-1, a stress inducible enzyme, is considered as an anti-oxidative and cytoprotective agent. As many studies suggest, HO-1 is highly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract where it is involved in the response to inflammatory processes, which may lead to several diseases such as pancreatitis, diabetes, fatty liver disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and cancer. In this review, we highlight the pivotal role of HO-1 and its downstream effectors in the development of disorders and their beneficial effects on the maintenance of the gastrointestinal tract health. We also examine clinical trials involving the therapeutic targets derived from HO-1 system for the most common diseases of the digestive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose D. Puentes-Pardo
- Research Unit, Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria de Granada, ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.D.P.-P.); (J.L.); Tel.: +34-958-023-706 (J.L.)
| | - Sara Moreno-SanJuan
- Cytometry and Microscopy Research Service, Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria de Granada, ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain;
| | - Ángel Carazo
- Genomic Research Service, Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria de Granada, ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain;
| | - Josefa León
- Research Unit, Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria de Granada, ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Clinical Management Unit of Digestive Disease, San Cecilio University Hospital, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.D.P.-P.); (J.L.); Tel.: +34-958-023-706 (J.L.)
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