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Pan Y, Liu B, Zhang W, Zhuang S, Wang H, Chen J, Xiao L, Li Y, Han D. Drought-induced assembly of rhizosphere mycobiomes shows beneficial effects on plant growth. mSystems 2024:e0035424. [PMID: 38842321 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00354-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Beneficial interactions between plants and rhizosphere fungi can enhance plant adaptability during drought stress. However, harnessing these interactions will require an in-depth understanding of the response of fungal community assembly to drought. Herein, by using different varieties of wheat plants, we analyzed the drought-induced changes in fungal community assembly in rhizosphere and bulk soil. We demonstrated that drought significantly altered the fungal communities, with the contribution of species richness to community beta diversity increased in both rhizosphere and bulk soil compartments during drought stress. The stochastic processes dominated fungal community assembly, but the relative importance of deterministic processes, mainly homogeneous selection, increased in the drought-stressed rhizosphere. Drought induced an increase in the relative abundance of generalists in the rhizosphere, as opposed to specialists, and the top 10 abundant taxa that enriched under drought conditions were predominantly generalists. Notably, the most abundant drought-enriched taxon in rhizosphere was a generalist, and the corresponding Chaetomium strain was found capable of improving root length and activating ABA signaling in wheat plants through culture-based experiment. Together, these findings provide evidence that host plants exert a strong influence on rhizospheric fungal community assembly during stress and suggest the fungal communities that have experienced drought have the potential to confer fitness advantages to the host plants. IMPORTANCE We have presented a framework to integrate the shifts in community assembly processes with plant-soil feedback during drought stress. We found that environmental filtering and host plant selection exert influence on the rhizospheric fungal community assembly, and the re-assembled community has great potential to alleviate plant drought stress. Our study proposes that future research should incorporate ecology with plant, microbiome, and molecular approaches to effectively harness the rhizospheric microbiome for enhancing the resilience of crop production to drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanshuo Pan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land, Beijing, China
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Binhui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Drought Resistance Research of Hebei Province/Institute of Dryland Farming, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Hengshui, Hebei, China
| | - Wenying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Drought Resistance Research of Hebei Province/Institute of Dryland Farming, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Hengshui, Hebei, China
| | - Shan Zhuang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongzhe Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jieyin Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Western Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, China
| | - Liang Xiao
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Qingdao-Europe Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao, China
- China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Detection and Intervention of human intestinal microbiome, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- BGI College & Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuzhong Li
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongfei Han
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land, Beijing, China
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Davison J, Gerz M, Hiiesalu I, Moora M, Semchenko M, Zobel M. Niche types and community assembly. Ecol Lett 2024; 27:e14327. [PMID: 37819920 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Studies of niche differentiation and biodiversity often focus on a few niche dimensions due to the methodological challenge of describing hyperdimensional niche space. However, this may limit our understanding of community assembly processes. We used the full spectrum of realized niche types to study arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities: distinguishing abiotic and biotic, and condition and resource, axes. Estimates of differentiation in relation to different niche types were only moderately correlated. However, coexisting taxon niches were consistently less differentiated than expected, based on a regional null model, indicating the importance of habitat filtering at that scale. Nonetheless, resource niches were relatively more differentiated than condition niches, which is consistent with the effect of a resource niche-based coexistence mechanism. Considering niche types, and in particular distinguishing resource and condition niches, provides a more complete understanding of community assembly, compared with studying individual niche axes or the full niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Davison
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Maret Gerz
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Inga Hiiesalu
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mari Moora
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Marina Semchenko
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Martin Zobel
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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3
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Zhou L, He Z, Zhang K, Wang X. Analysis of Nuclear Dynamics in Nematode-Trapping Fungi Based on Fluorescent Protein Labeling. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:1183. [PMID: 38132784 PMCID: PMC10744682 DOI: 10.3390/jof9121183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Nematophagous fungi constitute a category of fungi that exhibit parasitic behavior by capturing, colonizing, and poisoning nematodes, which are critical factors in controlling nematode populations in nature, and provide important research materials for biological control. Arthrobotrys oligospora serves as a model strain among nematophagous fungi, which begins its life as conidia, and then its hyphae produce traps to capture nematodes, completing its lifestyle switch from saprophytic to parasitic. There have been many descriptions of the morphological characteristics of A. oligospora lifestyle changes, but there have been no reports on the nuclear dynamics in this species. In this work, we constructed A. oligospora strains labeled with histone H2B-EGFP and observed the nuclear dynamics from conidia germination and hyphal extension to trap formation. We conducted real-time imaging observations on live cells of germinating and extending hyphae and found that the nucleus was located near the tip. It is interesting that the migration rate of this type of cell nucleus is very fast, and we speculate that this may be related to the morphological changes involved in the transformation to a predatory lifestyle. We suggest that alterations in nuclear shape and fixation imply the immediate disruption of the interaction with cytoskeletal mechanisms during nuclear migration. In conclusion, these findings suggest that the signal initiating nuclear migration into fungal traps is generated at the onset of nucleus entry into a trap cell. Our work provides a reference for analysis of the dynamics of nucleus distribution and a means to visualize protein localization and interactions in A. oligospora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; (L.Z.); (Z.H.)
- Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Zhiwei He
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; (L.Z.); (Z.H.)
- Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Keqin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; (L.Z.); (Z.H.)
- Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; (L.Z.); (Z.H.)
- Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
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d’Entremont TW, Kivlin SN. Specificity in plant-mycorrhizal fungal relationships: prevalence, parameterization, and prospects. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1260286. [PMID: 37929168 PMCID: PMC10623146 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1260286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Species interactions exhibit varying degrees of specialization, ranging from generalist to specialist interactions. For many interactions (e.g., plant-microbiome) we lack standardized metrics of specialization, hindering our ability to apply comparative frameworks of specificity across niche axes and organismal groups. Here, we discuss the concept of plant host specificity of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi, including the predominant theories for their interactions: Passenger, Driver, and Habitat Hypotheses. We focus on five major areas of interest in advancing the field of plant-mycorrhizal fungal host specificity: phylogenetic specificity, host physiology specificity, functional specificity, habitat specificity, and mycorrhizal fungal-mediated plant rarity. Considering the need to elucidate foundational concepts of specificity in this globally important symbiosis, we propose standardized metrics and comparative studies to enhance our understanding. We also emphasize the importance of analyzing global mycorrhizal data holistically to draw meaningful conclusions and suggest a shift toward single-species analyses to unravel the complexities underlying these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler W. d’Entremont
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
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5
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Malard LA, Guisan A. Into the microbial niche. Trends Ecol Evol 2023; 38:936-945. [PMID: 37236880 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2023.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The environmental niche concept describes the distribution of a taxon in the environment and can be used to understand community dynamics, biological invasions, and the impact of environmental changes. The uses and applications are still restricted in microbial ecology, largely due to the complexity of microbial systems and associated methodological limitations. The development of shotgun metagenomics and metatranscriptomics opens new ways to investigate the microbial niche by focusing on the metabolic niche within the environmental space. Here, we propose the metabolic niche framework, which, by defining the fundamental and realised metabolic niche of microorganisms, has the potential to not only provide novel insights into habitat preferences and the metabolism associated, but also to inform on metabolic plasticity, niche shifts, and microbial invasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie A Malard
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Antoine Guisan
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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6
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Hernandez DJ, Kiesewetter KN, Almeida BK, Revillini D, Afkhami ME. Multidimensional specialization and generalization are pervasive in soil prokaryotes. Nat Ecol Evol 2023; 7:1408-1418. [PMID: 37550510 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-023-02149-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Habitat specialization underpins biological processes from species distributions to speciation. However, organisms are often described as specialists or generalists based on a single niche axis, despite facing complex, multidimensional environments. Here, we analysed 236 environmental soil microbiomes across the United States and demonstrate that 90% of >1,200 prokaryotes followed one of two trajectories: specialization on all niche axes (multidimensional specialization) or generalization on all axes (multidimensional generalization). We then documented that this pervasive multidimensional specialization/generalization had many ecological and evolutionary consequences. First, multidimensional specialization and generalization are highly conserved with very few transitions between these two trajectories. Second, multidimensional generalists dominated communities because they were 73 times more abundant than specialists. Lastly, multidimensional specialists played important roles in community structure with ~220% more connections in microbiome networks. These results indicate that multidimensional generalization and specialization are evolutionarily stable with multidimensional generalists supporting larger populations and multidimensional specialists playing important roles within communities, probably stemming from their overrepresentation among pollutant detoxifiers and nutrient cyclers. Taken together, we demonstrate that the vast majority of soil prokaryotes are restricted to one of two multidimensional niche trajectories, multidimensional specialization or multidimensional generalization, which then has far-reaching consequences for evolutionary transitions, microbial dominance and community roles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Daniel Revillini
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
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Cheng Z, Wu S, Du J, Liu Y, Sui X, Yang L. Reduced Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) Diversity in Light and Moderate Fire Sites in Taiga Forests, Northeast China. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1836. [PMID: 37513008 PMCID: PMC10385377 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Forest fires are an important disturbance factor in forest ecosystems, and obviously change the soil environment. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, as a medium and bridge between vegetation and soil, play a crucial role in mediating plant nutrient uptake and regulating the productivity, stability, and succession of vegetation-soil systems. To investigate the effects of forest fires on the community structure and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in cold-temperate Larix gmelinii forests, we collected soils from light, moderate, and heavy fire disturbance forests and a natural forest as a control forest in Greater Khingan Larix gmelinii forests, in the northeast of China. The community structure and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi was sequenced using Illumina MiSeq technology and we analyzed the correlation with the soil physicochemical characteristics. The results showed that the contents of microbial biomass content (MBC), moisture content (MC), total nitrogen (TN), and available phosphors (AP) increased significantly (p < 0.05) with increasing fire intensity (from Light to heavy fire), but available potassium (AK) decreased significantly (p < 0.05). These changes were not significant. A total of 14,554 valid sequences from all sequences were classified into 66 ASVs that belonged into one phylum, one order, four families, and four genera. The genera included Glomus, Ambispora, Paraglomus, and Acaulospora, and Glomus was the dominant genus (the genera with the five most relative abundances) in the control and heavy-fire forests. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis showed that forest fires significantly affected the community structure of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (p < 0.01). Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that MBC, SOC, and AP contents significantly affected the composition structure and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi communities. This study indicated that forest fires affected the composition and diversity of soil arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi communities through changing the soil physicochemical parameters (MBC, SOC, and AP) in cold-temperate Larix gmelinii forests. The study of soil physicochemical properties and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi diversity in cold-temperate Larix gmelinii forests in the Greater Khingan Mountains after forest fires provides a reference basis for the revegetation and reconstruction of fire sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity, Institute of Natural Resources and Ecology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Song Wu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150028, China
| | - Jun Du
- Heilongjiang Huzhong National Nature Reserve, Huzhong 165038, China
| | - Yongzhi Liu
- Heilongjiang Huzhong National Nature Reserve, Huzhong 165038, China
| | - Xin Sui
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Libin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity, Institute of Natural Resources and Ecology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150040, China
- Heilongjiang Huzhong National Nature Reserve, Huzhong 165038, China
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
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8
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Zhang Y, Cheng D, Xie J, Hu Q, Xie J, Shi X. Long-term field application of manure induces deep selection of antibiotic resistomes in leaf endophytes of Chinese cabbage. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 882:163334. [PMID: 37061064 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistomes in leaf endophytes of vegetables threaten human health through the food chain. However, little is known about the ability of long-term manure fertilization to impact the deep selection of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in leaf endophytes of vegetables planted in different types of soils. Here, by high-throughput quantitative PCR, we characterized the ARGs of leaf endophytes of Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis (Lour.) Rupr.) grown in long-term (14 year) manure-amended acidic, neutral and calcareous soils. In total, 87 ARGs and 4 mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were detected in all the samples. Manure fertilization significantly increased the ARG numbers and normalized abundance in leaf endophytes, especially in acidic soil. Moreover, in acidic soil, manure application also led to a higher increase in the normalized abundance of opportunist and specialist ARGs, and more opportunist and specialist ARGs posed a high risk according to their risk ranks. Random forest analysis revealed that Proteobacteria and MGEs were the major drivers affecting the normalized abundance of opportunist and specialist ARGs in both acidic and neutral soils, respectively. In calcareous soil, Cyanobacteria and Actinobacteria were the most important contributors. Collectively, this study expands our knowledge about the deep selection of plant resistomes under long-term manure application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Dengmiao Cheng
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Jun Xie
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Qijuan Hu
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Jiawei Xie
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Xiaojun Shi
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
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Wong SK, Cui Y, Chun SJ, Kaneko R, Masumoto S, Kitagawa R, Mori AS, Lim AS, Uchida M. Vegetation as a key driver of the distribution of microbial generalists that in turn shapes the overall microbial community structure in the low Arctic tundra. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOME 2023; 18:41. [PMID: 37165459 PMCID: PMC10173506 DOI: 10.1186/s40793-023-00498-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the variability of microbial niches and their interaction with abiotic and biotic factors in the Arctic can provide valuable insights into microbial adaptations to extreme environments. This study investigates the structure and diversity of soil bacterial communities obtained from sites with varying vegetation coverage and soil biogeochemical properties in the low Arctic tundra and explores how bacteria interact under different environmental parameters. Our findings reveal differences in bacterial composition and abundance among three bacterial niche breadths (specialists, common taxa, and generalists). Co-occurrence network analysis revealed Rhizobiales and Ktedonobacterales as keystone taxa that connect and support other microbes in the habitat. Low-elevation indicators, such as vascular plants and moisture content, were correlated with two out of three generalist modular hubs and were linked to a large proportion of generalists' distribution (18%). Structural equation modeling revealed that generalists' distribution, which influenced the remaining microbial communities, was mainly regulated by vegetation coverage as well as other abiotic and biotic factors. These results suggest that elevation-dependent environmental factors directly influence microbial community structure and module formation through the regulation of generalists' distribution. Furthermore, the distribution of generalists was mainly affected by macroenvironment filtering, whereas the distribution of specialists was mainly affected by microenvironment filtering (species-engineered microbial niche construction). In summary, our findings highlight the strong top-down control exerted by vegetation on generalists' distribution, which in turn shapes the overall microbial community structure in the low Arctic tundra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Kuan Wong
- Research Organization of Information and Systems, National Institute of Polar Research, 10-3, Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yingshun Cui
- Division of Life Science and Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Korea
| | - Seong-Jun Chun
- LMO Team, National Institute of Ecology, 1210 Geumgang-ro, Maseo-myeon, Seocheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ryo Kaneko
- Research Organization of Information and Systems, National Institute of Polar Research, 10-3, Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shota Masumoto
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-7, Tokiwadai, Hodogaya, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ryo Kitagawa
- Kansai Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, 68, Nagaikyutaroh, Momoyama, Fushimi, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akira S Mori
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-7, Tokiwadai, Hodogaya, Yokohama, Japan
| | - An Suk Lim
- Division of Life Science and Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Korea
| | - Masaki Uchida
- Research Organization of Information and Systems, National Institute of Polar Research, 10-3, Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo, Japan.
- Department of Polar Science, School of Multidisciplinary Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI, 10-3, Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo, Japan.
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10
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Baldrian P, Bell-Dereske L, Lepinay C, Větrovský T, Kohout P. Fungal communities in soils under global change. Stud Mycol 2022; 103:1-24. [PMID: 36760734 PMCID: PMC9886077 DOI: 10.3114/sim.2022.103.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil fungi play indispensable roles in all ecosystems including the recycling of organic matter and interactions with plants, both as symbionts and pathogens. Past observations and experimental manipulations indicate that projected global change effects, including the increase of CO2 concentration, temperature, change of precipitation and nitrogen (N) deposition, affect fungal species and communities in soils. Although the observed effects depend on the size and duration of change and reflect local conditions, increased N deposition seems to have the most profound effect on fungal communities. The plant-mutualistic fungal guilds - ectomycorrhizal fungi and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi - appear to be especially responsive to global change factors with N deposition and warming seemingly having the strongest adverse effects. While global change effects on fungal biodiversity seem to be limited, multiple studies demonstrate increases in abundance and dispersal of plant pathogenic fungi. Additionally, ecosystems weakened by global change-induced phenomena, such as drought, are more vulnerable to pathogen outbreaks. The shift from mutualistic fungi to plant pathogens is likely the largest potential threat for the future functioning of natural and managed ecosystems. However, our ability to predict global change effects on fungi is still insufficient and requires further experimental work and long-term observations. Citation: Baldrian P, Bell-Dereske L, Lepinay C, Větrovský T, Kohout P (2022). Fungal communities in soils under global change. Studies in Mycology 103: 1-24. doi: 10.3114/sim.2022.103.01.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Baldrian
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeòská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic,*Corresponding author: Petr Baldrian,
| | - L. Bell-Dereske
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeòská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - C. Lepinay
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeòská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - T. Větrovský
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeòská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - P. Kohout
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeòská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
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