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Escobar-Bravo R, Schimmel BCJ, Zhang Y, Wang L, Robert CAM, Glauser G, Ballaré CL, Erb M. Far-red light increases maize volatile emissions in response to volatile cues from neighbouring plants. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024. [PMID: 38872585 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Plants perceive the presence and defence status of their neighbours through light and volatile cues, but how plants integrate both stimuli is poorly understood. We investigated if and how low Red to Far red light (R:FR) ratios, indicative of shading or canopy closure, affect maize (Zea mays) responses to herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs), including the green leaf volatile (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate. We modulated light signalling and perception by using FR supplementation and a phyB1phyB2 mutant, and we determined volatile release as a response readout. To gain mechanistic insights, we examined expression of volatile biosynthesis genes, hormone accumulation, and photosynthesis. Exposure to a full blend of HIPVs or (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate induced maize volatile release. Short-term FR supplementation increased this response. In contrast, prolonged FR supplementation or constitutive phytochrome B inactivation in phyB1phyB2 plants showed the opposite response. Short-term FR supplementation enhanced photosynthesis and stomatal conductance and (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate-induced JA-Ile levels. We conclude that a FR-enriched light environment can prompt maize plants to respond more strongly to HIPVs emitted by neighbours, which might be explained by changes in photosynthetic processes and phytochrome B signalling. Our findings reveal interactive responses to light and volatile cues with potentially important consequences for plant-plant and plant-herbivore interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yaqin Zhang
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lei Wang
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Gaétan Glauser
- Neuchâtel Platform of Analytical Chemistry, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Carlos L Ballaré
- Facultad de Agronomía, Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- 2IIBio, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Matthias Erb
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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2
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Kong J, Zhao Y, Fan P, Wang Y, Xu X, Wang L, Li S, Duan W, Liang Z, Dai Z. Far-red light modulates grapevine growth by increasing leaf photosynthesis efficiency and triggering organ-specific transcriptome remodelling : Author. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:189. [PMID: 38486149 PMCID: PMC10941557 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04870-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence demonstrates that the synergistic interaction of far-red light with shorter wavelength lights could evidently improve the photosynthesis efficiency of multiple species. However, whether/how far-red light affects sink organs and consequently modulates the source‒sink relationships are largely unknown. RESULTS Here, equal intensities of white and far-red lights were added to natural light for grape plantlets to investigate the effects of far-red light supplementation on grapevine growth and carbon assimilate allocation, as well as to reveal the underlying mechanisms, through physiological and transcriptomic analysis. The results showed that additional far-red light increased stem length and carbohydrate contents in multiple organs and decreased leaf area, specific leaf weight and dry weight of leaves in comparison with their counterparts grown under white light. Compared to white light, the maximum net photosynthetic rate of the leaves was increased by 31.72% by far-red light supplementation, indicating that far-red light indeed elevated the photosynthesis efficiency of grapes. Transcriptome analysis revealed that leaves were most responsive to far-red light, followed by sink organs, including stems and roots. Genes related to light signaling and carbon metabolites were tightly correlated with variations in the aforementioned physiological traits. In particular, VvLHCB1 is involved in light harvesting and restoring the balance of photosystem I and photosystem II excitation, and VvCOP1 and VvPIF3, which regulate light signal transduction, were upregulated under far-red conditions. In addition, the transcript abundances of the sugar transporter-encoding genes VvSWEET1 and VvSWEET3 and the carbon metabolite-encoding genes VvG6PD, VvSUS7 and VvPGAM varied in line with the change in sugar content. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that far-red light synergistically functioning with white light has a beneficial effect on grape photosystem activity and is able to differentially affect the growth of sink organs, providing evidence for the possible addition of far-red light to the wavelength range of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhua Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Peige Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Yongjian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Xiaobo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Shaohua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Wei Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Zhenchang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Zhanwu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, 100093, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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3
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Shomali A, De Diego N, Zhou R, Abdelhakim L, Vrobel O, Tarkowski P, Aliniaeifard S, Kamrani YY, Ji Y, Ottosen CO. The crosstalk of far-red energy and signaling defines the regulation of photosynthesis, growth, and flowering in tomatoes. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 208:108458. [PMID: 38408395 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of light intensity and signaling on the regulation of far-red (FR)-induced alteration in photosynthesis. The low (LL: 440 μmol m-2 s-1) and high (HL: 1135 μmol m-2 s-1) intensity of white light with or without FR (LLFR: 545 μmol m-2 s-1 including 115 μmol m-2 s-1; HLFR: 1254 μmol m-2 s-1 + 140 μmol m-2 s-1) was applied on the tomato cultivar (Solanum Lycopersicon cv. Moneymaker) and mutants of phytochrome A (phyA) and phytochrome B (phyB1, and phyB2). Both light intensity and FR affected plant morphological traits, leaf biomass, and flowering time. Irrespective of genotype, flowering was delayed by LLFR and accelerated by HLFR compared to the corresponding light intensity without FR. In LLFR, a reduced energy flux through the electron transfer chain along with a reduced energy dissipation per reaction center improved the maximum quantum yield of PSII, irrespective of genotype. HLFR increased net photosynthesis and gas exchange properties in a genotype-dependent manner. FR-dependent regulation of hormones was affected by light signaling. It appeared that PHYB affected the levels of abscisic acid and salicylic acid while PHYA took part in the regulation of CK in FR-exposed plants. Overall, light intensity and signaling of FR influenced plants' photosynthesis and growth by altering electron transport, gas exchange, and changes in the level of endogenous hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Shomali
- Photosynthesis Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, 3391653755, Iran.
| | - Nuria De Diego
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Rong Zhou
- Department of Food Science- Plant, Food & Climate, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, DK-8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Lamis Abdelhakim
- Department of Food Science- Plant, Food & Climate, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, DK-8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Ondřej Vrobel
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic; Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, Šlechtitelů 29, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Tarkowski
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic; Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, Šlechtitelů 29, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Sasan Aliniaeifard
- Photosynthesis Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, 3391653755, Iran
| | - Yousef Yari Kamrani
- Institute of Biology, Experimental Biophysics, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yongran Ji
- Horticulture and Product Physiology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 16, Wageningen, 6700AA, the Netherlands
| | - Carl-Otto Ottosen
- Department of Food Science- Plant, Food & Climate, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, DK-8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
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4
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Berliner AJ, Zezulka S, Hutchinson GA, Bertoldo S, Cockell CS, Arkin AP. Domains of life sciences in spacefaring: what, where, and how to get involved. NPJ Microgravity 2024; 10:12. [PMID: 38287000 PMCID: PMC10825151 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-024-00354-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J Berliner
- Center for the Utilization of Biological Engineering in Space (CUBES), Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Program in Aerospace Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Spencer Zezulka
- Center for the Utilization of Biological Engineering in Space (CUBES), Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- School of Information, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Gwyneth A Hutchinson
- Center for the Utilization of Biological Engineering in Space (CUBES), Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Sophia Bertoldo
- Center for the Utilization of Biological Engineering in Space (CUBES), Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Charles S Cockell
- UK Centre for Astrobiology, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Adam P Arkin
- Center for the Utilization of Biological Engineering in Space (CUBES), Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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5
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Stamford J, Kasznicki P, Lawson T. Spectral Reflectance Measurements. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2790:333-353. [PMID: 38649579 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3790-6_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
This chapter provides a methodology for evaluating plant health and leaf characteristics using spectral reflectance. It provides a step-by-step guide to using spectrometers for high-resolution point measurements of leaf spectral reflectance and multispectral imaging for capturing spatial data, emphasizing the importance of consistent measurement conditions. The chapter further explores the intricacies of multispectral imaging, including calibration, data collection, and image processing. Finally, this chapter delves into the application of various spectral indices for the quantification of key traits such as pigment content, the status of the xanthophyll cycle, water content, and how to identify spectral regions of interest for further research and development. Serving as a guide for researchers and practitioners in plant science, this chapter provides a straightforward framework for plant health assessment using spectral reflectance.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Stamford
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | - Piotr Kasznicki
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | - Tracy Lawson
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, UK.
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6
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McCue KF, Mehlferber E, Reed R, Ortiz A, Ferrel J, Khanna R. Photosynthetically active radiation is required for seedling growth promotion by volcanic dacitic tuff breccia (Azomite). PLANT DIRECT 2023; 7:e537. [PMID: 38044963 PMCID: PMC10690473 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
A plant's growth and development are shaped by its genome and the capacity to negotiate its environment for access to light, water, and nutrients. There is a vital need to understand the interactions between the plant, its physical environment, and the fertilizers used in agriculture. In this study, a commercially available volcanic ash fertilizer, Azomite®, characterized as dacitic (rhyolitic) tuff breccia, was tested for its effect on promoting early seedling vigor. Early growth and photomorphogenesis processes are well studied in Arabidopsis. Seedling assays under different light conditions were used to dissect the underlying mechanisms involved. These assays are well established and can be translated to agriculturally important crop plants. The volcanic ash fertilizer was tested at different concentrations on seedlings grown on basic media lacking sucrose either in continuous darkness (Dc), continuous Red (Rc), Far-Red (FRc), or White Light (WLc). Micronutrients in the volcanic ash significantly increased seedling growth under Rc and WLc, but not under Dc and FRc, indicating that photosynthetically active radiation was required for the observed growth increase. Furthermore, red-light photoreceptor mutant, phyB-9, lacked the growth response, and higher amount of fertilizer reduced growth in all conditions tested. These data suggest that light triggers the ability of the seedling to utilize micronutrients in volcanic ash in a dose-dependent manner. The methods described here can be used to establish mechanisms of activity of various nutrient inputs and, coupled with whole-genome expression profiling, can lead to better insights into optimizing nutrient field applications to improve crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kent F. McCue
- Agricultural Research Service, Western Regional Research Center, Crop Improvement and Genetics Research UnitUSDAAlbanyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Elijah Mehlferber
- Department of Integrative BiologyUniversity of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Robert Reed
- Biotechnology Education & Specialized Training (BEST) Internship Program, i‐Cultiver, Inc., in collaboration with Contra Costa Community CollegeSan PabloCaliforniaUSA
| | - Alexis Ortiz
- Biotechnology Education & Specialized Training (BEST) Internship Program, i‐Cultiver, Inc., in collaboration with Contra Costa Community CollegeSan PabloCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jon Ferrel
- Azomite Mineral Products, Inc.NephiUtahUSA
- i‐Cultiver, Inc.MantecaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Rajnish Khanna
- i‐Cultiver, Inc.MantecaCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Plant BiologyCarnegie Institution for ScienceStanfordCaliforniaUSA
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7
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Lamour J, Souza DC, Gimenez BO, Higuchi N, Chave J, Chambers J, Rogers A. Wood-density has no effect on stomatal control of leaf-level water use efficiency in an Amazonian forest. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:3806-3821. [PMID: 37635450 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Forest disturbances increase the proportion of fast-growing tree species compared to slow-growing ones. To understand their relative capacity for carbon uptake and their vulnerability to climate change, and to represent those differences in Earth system models, it is necessary to characterise the physiological differences in their leaf-level control of water use efficiency and carbon assimilation. We used wood density as a proxy for the fast-slow growth spectrum and tested the assumption that trees with a low wood density (LWD) have a lower water-use efficiency than trees with a high wood density (HWD). We selected 5 LWD tree species and 5 HWD tree species growing in the same location in an Amazonian tropical forest and measured in situ steady-state gas exchange on top-of-canopy leaves with parallel sampling and measurement of leaf mass area and leaf nitrogen content. We found that LWD species invested more nitrogen in photosynthetic capacity than HWD species, had higher photosynthetic rates and higher stomatal conductance. However, contrary to expectations, we showed that the stomatal control of the balance between transpiration and carbon assimilation was similar in LWD and HWD species and that they had the same dark respiration rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Lamour
- Department of Environmental & Climate Sciences, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA
- Evolution and Biological Diversity (EDB), CNRS/IRD/UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Daisy C Souza
- National Institute of Amazonian Research (INPA), Forest Management Laboratory (LMF), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Bruno O Gimenez
- National Institute of Amazonian Research (INPA), Forest Management Laboratory (LMF), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- Department of Geography, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Niro Higuchi
- National Institute of Amazonian Research (INPA), Forest Management Laboratory (LMF), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Jérôme Chave
- Evolution and Biological Diversity (EDB), CNRS/IRD/UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Jeffrey Chambers
- Department of Geography, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Alistair Rogers
- Department of Environmental & Climate Sciences, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA
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8
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Sanchez-Campos Y, Cárcamo-Fincheira P, González-Villagra J, Jorquera-Fontena E, Acevedo P, Soto-Cerda B, Nunes-Nesi A, Inostroza-Blancheteau C, Tighe-Neira R. Physiological and molecular effects of TiO 2 nanoparticle application on UV-A radiation stress responses in Solanum lycopersicum L. PROTOPLASMA 2023; 260:1527-1537. [PMID: 37269354 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-023-01868-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) of titanium dioxide (TiO2) alter photosynthetic and biochemical parameters in Solanum lycopersicum L., possibly due to their photocatalytic properties given by energy absorption in the UV-A range; however, the joint effects TiO2 NPs and UV-A radiation are not well understood. This work evaluates the combined responses of TiO2 NPs and UV-A radiation at the physiological and molecular levels in S. lycopersicum. In a split growth chamber, the presence (UV-A +) and absence (UV-A -) of UV-A were combined with 0 (water as a control), and 1000 and 2000 mg L-1 of TiO2 NPs applied at sowing. At the end of exposure (day 30 after sowing), the photosynthetic performance was determined, and biochemical and molecular parameters were evaluated in leaf tissues. Better photochemical performance in UV-A + than UV-A - in control plants was observed, but these effects decreased in 1000 and 2000 mg TiO2 L-1, similar to net CO2 assimilation. A clear increase in photosynthetic pigment levels was recorded under UV-A + compared to UV-A - that was positively correlated with photosynthetic parameters. A concomitant increase in total phenols was observed on adding TiO2 in UV-A - conditions, while a decreasing trend in lipid peroxidation was observed for the same treatments. There was an increase in psbB gene expression under TiO2/UV-A + treatments, and a reduced expression of rbcS and rbcL under UV-A - . These results suggest that the reduction in photosynthetic performance on applying high doses of TiO2 NPs is probably due to biochemical limitation, while UV-A achieves the same result via the photochemical component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yissel Sanchez-Campos
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biotecnología Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Acuícolas, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, P.O. Box 56-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - Paz Cárcamo-Fincheira
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biotecnología Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Acuícolas, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, P.O. Box 56-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - Jorge González-Villagra
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biotecnología Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Acuícolas, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, P.O. Box 56-D, Temuco, Chile
- Núcleo de Investigación en Producción Alimentaria, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, P.O. Box 56-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - Emilio Jorquera-Fontena
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biotecnología Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Acuícolas, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, P.O. Box 56-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - Patricio Acevedo
- Departamento de Ciencias Físicas, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - Braulio Soto-Cerda
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biotecnología Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Acuícolas, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, P.O. Box 56-D, Temuco, Chile
- Núcleo de Investigación en Producción Alimentaria, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, P.O. Box 56-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - Adriano Nunes-Nesi
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Claudio Inostroza-Blancheteau
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biotecnología Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Acuícolas, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, P.O. Box 56-D, Temuco, Chile
- Núcleo de Investigación en Producción Alimentaria, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, P.O. Box 56-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - Ricardo Tighe-Neira
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biotecnología Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Acuícolas, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, P.O. Box 56-D, Temuco, Chile.
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Battistuzzi M, Cocola L, Liistro E, Claudi R, Poletto L, La Rocca N. Growth and Photosynthetic Efficiency of Microalgae and Plants with Different Levels of Complexity Exposed to a Simulated M-Dwarf Starlight. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1641. [PMID: 37629498 PMCID: PMC10455698 DOI: 10.3390/life13081641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxygenic photosynthetic organisms (OPOs) are primary producers on Earth and generate surface and atmospheric biosignatures, making them ideal targets to search for life from remote on Earth-like exoplanets orbiting stars different from the Sun, such as M-dwarfs. These stars emit very low light in the visible and most light in the far-red, an issue for OPOs, which mostly utilize visible light to photosynthesize and grow. After successfully testing procaryotic OPOs (cyanobacteria) under a simulated M-dwarf star spectrum (M7, 365-850 nm) generated through a custom-made lamp, we tested several eukaryotic OPOs: microalgae (Dixoniella giordanoi, Microchloropsis gaditana, Chromera velia, Chlorella vulgaris), a non-vascular plant (Physcomitrium patens), and a vascular plant (Arabidopsis thaliana). We assessed their growth and photosynthetic efficiency under three light conditions: M7, solar (SOL) simulated spectra, and far-red light (FR). Microalgae grew similarly in SOL and M7, while the moss P. patens showed slower growth in M7 with respect to SOL. A. thaliana grew similarly in SOL and M7, showing traits typical of shade-avoidance syndrome. Overall, the synergistic effect of visible and far-red light, also known as the Emerson enhancing effect, could explain the growth in M7 for all organisms. These results lead to reconsidering the possibility and capability of the growth of OPOs and are promising for finding biosignatures on exoplanets orbiting the habitable zone of distant stars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Battistuzzi
- National Council of Research of Italy, Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (CNR-IFN), 35131 Padua, Italy; (L.C.)
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy (N.L.R.)
- Center for Space Studies and Activities (CISAS), University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cocola
- National Council of Research of Italy, Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (CNR-IFN), 35131 Padua, Italy; (L.C.)
| | | | - Riccardo Claudi
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), Astronomical Observatory of Padua, 35122 Padua, Italy
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, University Roma Tre, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Poletto
- National Council of Research of Italy, Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (CNR-IFN), 35131 Padua, Italy; (L.C.)
| | - Nicoletta La Rocca
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy (N.L.R.)
- Center for Space Studies and Activities (CISAS), University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy
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Li Y, Jiang H, Gao M, He R, Liu X, Su W, Liu H. Far-Red-Light-Induced Morphology Changes, Phytohormone, and Transcriptome Reprogramming of Chinese Kale (Brassica alboglabra Bailey). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065563. [PMID: 36982639 PMCID: PMC10053878 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
With far-red-light supplementation (3 W·m−2, and 6 W·m−2), the flower budding rate, plant height, internode length, plant display, and stem diameter of Chinese kale were largely elevated, as well as the leaf morphology such as leaf length, leaf width, petiole length, and leaf area. Consequently, the fresh weight and dry weight of the edible parts of Chinese kale were markedly increased. The photosynthetic traits were enhanced, and the mineral elements were accumulated. To further explore the mechanism that far-red light simultaneously promoted the vegetative growth and reproductive growth of Chinese kale, this study used RNA sequencing to gain a global perspective on the transcriptional regulation, combining it with an analysis of composition and content of phytohormones. A total of 1409 differentially expressed genes were identified, involved mainly in pathways related to photosynthesis, plant circadian rhythm, plant hormone biosynthesis, and signal transduction. The gibberellins GA9, GA19, and GA20 and the auxin ME-IAA were strongly accumulated under far-red light. However, the contents of the gibberellins GA4 and GA24, the cytokinins IP and cZ, and the jasmonate JA were significantly reduced by far-red light. The results indicated that the supplementary far-red light can be a useful tool to regulate the vegetative architecture, elevate the density of cultivation, enhance the photosynthesis, increase the mineral accumulation, accelerate the growth, and obtain a significantly higher yield of Chinese kale.
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Park Y, Runkle ES. Spectral-conversion film potential for greenhouses: Utility of green-to-red photons conversion and far-red filtration for plant growth. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281996. [PMID: 36821557 PMCID: PMC9949677 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Although green (G, 500 to 600 nm) and far-red (FR, 700 to 800 nm) light play important roles in regulating plant growth and development, they are often considered less useful at stimulating photosynthesis than red (R, 600 to 700 nm) and blue (B, 400 to 500 nm) light. Based on this perception, approaches to modifying the transmission of greenhouse glazing materials include (1) conversion of G photons from sunlight into R photons and (2) exclusion of the near-infrared (>700 nm) fraction of sunlight. We evaluated these approaches using simulated scenarios with light-emitting diodes to determine how partial and complete substitution of G with R light and exclusion of FR light affected the growth of lettuce and tomato grown indoors. The substitution of G with R light had little or no effect on fresh and dry mass of tomato. However, with the presence of FR light, fresh and dry mass of lettuce increased by 22-26% as G light was increasingly substituted with R light. In tomato, excluding FR inhibited plant height, leaf area, and dry mass by 60-71%, 10-37%, and 20-44%, respectively. Similarly, in lettuce, excluding FR inhibited plant diameter, leaf length, and dry mass by 15-23%, 23-33%, or 28-48%, respectively. We conclude that the spectral conversion of G-to-R photons can promote plant growth in at least some crop species, such as lettuce, while the exclusion of FR decreases crop growth and yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Park
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- College of Integrative Sciences and Arts, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Erik S. Runkle
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
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Battistuzzi M, Cocola L, Claudi R, Pozzer AC, Segalla A, Simionato D, Morosinotto T, Poletto L, La Rocca N. Oxygenic photosynthetic responses of cyanobacteria exposed under an M-dwarf starlight simulator: Implications for exoplanet's habitability. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1070359. [PMID: 36824196 PMCID: PMC9941696 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1070359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The search for life on distant exoplanets is expected to rely on atmospheric biosignatures detection, such as oxygen of biological origin. However, it is not demonstrated how much oxygenic photosynthesis, which on Earth depends on visible light, could work under spectral conditions simulating exoplanets orbiting the Habitable Zone of M-dwarf stars, which have low light emission in the visible and high light emission in the far-red/near-infrared. By utilizing cyanobacteria, the first organisms to evolve oxygenic photosynthesis on our planet, and a starlight simulator capable of accurately reproducing the emission spectrum of an M-dwarf in the range 350-900 nm, we could answer this question. METHODS We performed experiments with the cyanobacterium Chlorogloeopsis fritschii PCC6912, capable of Far-Red Light Photoacclimation (FaRLiP), which allows the strain to harvest far-red in addition to visible light for photosynthesis, and Synechocystis sp. PCC6803, a species unable to perform this photoacclimation, comparing their responses when exposed to three simulated light spectra: M-dwarf, solar and far-red. We analysed growth and photosynthetic acclimation features in terms of pigment composition and photosystems organization. Finally, we determined the oxygen production of the strains directly exposed to the different spectra. RESULTS Both cyanobacteria were shown to grow and photosynthesize similarly under M-dwarf and solar light conditions: Synechocystis sp. by utilizing the few photons in the visible, C. fritschii by harvesting both visible and far-red light, activating the FaRLiP response. DISCUSSION Our results experimentally show that an M-dwarf light spectrum could support a biological oxygen production similar to that in solar light at the tested light intensities, suggesting the possibility to discover such atmospheric biosignatures on those exoplanets if other boundary conditions are met.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Battistuzzi
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Center for Space Studies and Activities (CISAS), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cocola
- National Council of Research of Italy, Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (CNR-IFN), Padua, Italy
| | - Riccardo Claudi
- National Institute for Astrophysics, Astronomical Observatory of Padua (INAF-OAPD), Padua, Italy
| | - Anna Caterina Pozzer
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- National Institute for Astrophysics, Astronomical Observatory of Padua (INAF-OAPD), Padua, Italy
| | - Anna Segalla
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Tomas Morosinotto
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Center for Space Studies and Activities (CISAS), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Luca Poletto
- National Council of Research of Italy, Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (CNR-IFN), Padua, Italy
| | - Nicoletta La Rocca
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Center for Space Studies and Activities (CISAS), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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