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Oubohssaine M, Hnini M, Rabeh K. Exploring lipid signaling in plant physiology: From cellular membranes to environmental adaptation. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 300:154295. [PMID: 38885581 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Lipids have evolved as versatile signaling molecules that regulate a variety of physiological processes in plants. Convincing evidence highlights their critical role as mediators in a wide range of plant processes required for survival, growth, development, and responses to environmental conditions such as water availability, temperature changes, salt, pests, and diseases. Understanding lipid signaling as a critical process has helped us expand our understanding of plant biology by explaining how plants sense and respond to environmental cues. Lipid signaling pathways constitute a complex network of lipids, enzymes, and receptors that coordinate important cellular responses and stressing plant biology's changing and adaptable traits. Plant lipid signaling involves a wide range of lipid classes, including phospholipids, sphingolipids, oxylipins, and sterols, each of which contributes differently to cellular communication and control. These lipids function not only as structural components, but also as bioactive molecules that transfer signals. The mechanisms entail the production of lipid mediators and their detection by particular receptors, which frequently trigger downstream cascades that affect gene expression, cellular functions, and overall plant growth. This review looks into lipid signaling in plant physiology, giving an in-depth look and emphasizing its critical function as a master regulator of vital activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malika Oubohssaine
- Microbiology and Molecular Biology Team, Center of Plant and Microbial Biotechnology, Biodiversity and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Avenue Ibn Battouta, BP 1014, Rabat, 10000, Morocco.
| | - Mohamed Hnini
- Microbiology and Molecular Biology Team, Center of Plant and Microbial Biotechnology, Biodiversity and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Avenue Ibn Battouta, BP 1014, Rabat, 10000, Morocco
| | - Karim Rabeh
- Microbiology and Molecular Biology Team, Center of Plant and Microbial Biotechnology, Biodiversity and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Avenue Ibn Battouta, BP 1014, Rabat, 10000, Morocco
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2
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Palomino L, Gonzalez-Gamboa I, Garcia-Mendoza M, Monroy-Borrego AG, Tang L, Wang B, Tao A, Bae J, Steinmetz NF, Pokorski JK. Grafting-from Synthesis of Plant-Polynorbornene Biohybrid Materials. ACS Macro Lett 2024; 13:726-733. [PMID: 38809767 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Plants, essential for food, oxygen, and economic stability, are under threat from human activities, biotic threats, and climate change, requiring rapid technological advancements for protection. Biohybrid systems, merging synthetic macromolecules with biological components, have provided improvement to biological systems in the past, namely, in the biomedical arena, motivating an opportunity to enhance plant well-being. Nevertheless, strategies for plant biohybrid systems remain limited. In this study, we present a method using grafting-from ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) under physiological conditions to integrate norbornene-derived polymers into live plants by spray coating. The approach involves creating biological macroinitiators on leaf surfaces, which enable subsequent polymerization of norbornene-derived monomers. Characterization techniques, including FTIR spectroscopy, SEM EDS imaging, ICP-MS, nanoindentation, and XPS, confirmed the presence and characterized the properties of the polymeric layers on leaves. The demonstrated modifiability and biocompatibility could offer the potential to maintain plant health in various applications, including the development of thermal barriers, biosensors, and crop protection layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Palomino
- Department of NanoEngineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Institute for Materials Discovery and Design University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Ivonne Gonzalez-Gamboa
- Department of NanoEngineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Department of Molecular Biology University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Shu and K. C. Chien and Peter Farrell Collaboratory University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Center for Nano-ImmunoEngineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Institute for Materials Discovery and Design University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Moises Garcia-Mendoza
- Department of NanoEngineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Andrea G Monroy-Borrego
- Department of NanoEngineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Institute for Materials Discovery and Design University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Lisa Tang
- Department of NanoEngineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Chemical Engineering Program University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Institute for Materials Discovery and Design University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of NanoEngineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Institute for Materials Discovery and Design University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Andrea Tao
- Department of NanoEngineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Institute for Materials Discovery and Design University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Jinhye Bae
- Department of NanoEngineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Chemical Engineering Program University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Institute for Materials Discovery and Design University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Nicole F Steinmetz
- Department of NanoEngineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Department of Bioengineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Department of Radiology University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Center for Nano-ImmunoEngineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Institute for Materials Discovery and Design University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Moores Cancer Center University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Center for Engineering in Cancer, Institute for Engineering in Medicine University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Jonathan K Pokorski
- Department of NanoEngineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Center for Nano-ImmunoEngineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Institute for Materials Discovery and Design University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Center for Engineering in Cancer, Institute for Engineering in Medicine University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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Chen M, Li Z, He X, Zhang Z, Wang D, Cui L, Xie M, Zhao Z, Sun Q, Wang D, Dai J, Gong D. Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals genes involved in trichome development and metabolism in tobacco. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:541. [PMID: 38872084 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05265-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The glandular trichomes of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) can efficiently produce secondary metabolites. They act as natural bioreactors, and their natural products function to protect plants against insect-pests and pathogens and are also components of industrial chemicals. To clarify the molecular mechanisms of tobacco glandular trichome development and secondary metabolic regulation, glandular trichomes and glandless trichomes, as well as other different developmental tissues, were used for RNA sequencing and analysis. RESULTS By comparing glandless and glandular trichomes with other tissues, we obtained differentially expressed genes. They were obviously enriched in KEGG pathways, such as cutin, suberine, and wax biosynthesis, flavonoid and isoflavonoid biosynthesis, terpenoid biosynthesis, and plant-pathogen interaction. In particular, the expression levels of genes related to the terpenoid, flavonoid, and wax biosynthesis pathway mainly showed down-regulation in glandless trichomes, implying that they lack the capability to synthesize certain exudate compounds. Among the differentially expressed genes, 234 transcription factors were found, including AP2-ERFs, MYBs, bHLHs, WRKYs, Homeoboxes (HD-ZIP), and C2H2-ZFs. These transcription factor and genes that highly expressed in trichomes or specially expressed in GT or GLT. Following the overexpression of R2R3-MYB transcription factor Nitab4.5_0011760g0030.1 in tobacco, an increase in the number of branched glandular trichomes was observed. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide comprehensive gene expression information at the transcriptional level and an understanding of the regulatory pathways involved in glandular trichome development and secondary metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingli Chen
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinxi He
- China Tobacco Hunan Industry Co., Ltd, Changsha, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Wang
- China Tobacco Hunan Industry Co., Ltd, Changsha, China
| | - Luying Cui
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Minmin Xie
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Zeyu Zhao
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Quan Sun
- College of Bioinformation, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
| | - Dahai Wang
- Shandong Weifang Tobacco Co., Ltd, Weifang, China
| | - Jiameng Dai
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, China , Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co., Ltd, Kunming, China.
| | - Daping Gong
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China.
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Zhang X, Gao H, Liu Y, Zhao H, Lü S. Function identification of Arabidopsis GPAT4 and GPAT8 in the biosynthesis of suberin and cuticular wax. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 339:111933. [PMID: 38036221 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Surface lipids in plants include cutin, cuticular wax and suberin. sn-Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferases (GPATs) facilitate the acylation of sn-glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) utilizing a fatty acyl group from acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) or acyl-acyl carrier protein (acyl-ACP) as substrates for the biosynthesis of plant extracellular lipids such as suberin and cutin. Here we found that Arabidopsis GPAT4 and GPAT8 are specifically expressed in endodermis cells of roots where suberin was accumulated. GPAT4 mutation significantly decreased the amounts of the C16 and C18 ω-oxidized suberin monomers, whereas the mutation of GPAT8 had little effect on the suberin production, and the functions of both were not redundant. Root suberin phenotype analysis of gpat4-1 and gpat6-1 single or double mutant revealed that GPAT4 and GPAT6 play redundant functions. Interestingly, the gpat4-1 gpat8-1 double mutant displayed a glossy stem phenotype since fewer wax crystals were accumulated. This phenotype was not shown in either parent. Further study showed that the amounts of most wax components were significantly decreased. Taken together, our findings revealed that GPAT4 has an additive effect with GPAT6 in the root suberin biosynthesis, and plays a redundant role in wax production with GPAT8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Huani Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Huayan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China.
| | - Shiyou Lü
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Negin B, Shachar L, Meir S, Ramirez CC, Rami Horowitz A, Jander G, Aharoni A. Fatty alcohols, a minor component of the tree tobacco surface wax, are associated with defence against caterpillar herbivory. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:664-681. [PMID: 37927215 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite decades of research resulting in a comprehensive understanding of epicuticular wax metabolism, the function of these almost ubiquitous metabolites in plant-herbivore interactions remains unresolved. In this study, we examined the effects of CRISPR-induced knockout mutations in four Nicotiana glauca (tree tobacco) wax metabolism genes. These mutations cause a wide range of changes in epicuticular wax composition, leading to altered interactions with insects and snails. Three interaction classes were examined: chewing herbivory by seven caterpillars and one snail species, phloem feeding by Myzus persicae (green peach aphid) and oviposition by Bemisia tabaci (whitefly). Although total wax load and alkane abundance did not affect caterpillar growth, a correlation across species, showed that fatty alcohols, a minor component of N. glauca surface waxes, negatively affected the growth of both a generalist caterpillar (Spodoptera littoralis) and a tobacco-feeding specialist (Manduca sexta). This negative correlation was overshadowed by the stronger effect of anabasine, a nicotine isomer, and was apparent when fatty alcohols were added to an artificial lepidopteran diet. By contrast, snails fed more on waxy leaves. Aphid reproduction and feeding activity were unaffected by wax composition but were potentially affected by altered cutin composition. Wax crystal morphology could explain the preference of B. tabaci to lay eggs on waxy wild-type plants relative to both alkane and fatty alcohol-deficient mutants. Together, our results suggest that the varied responses among herbivore classes and species are likely to be a consequence of the co-evolution that shaped the specific effects of different surface wax components in plant-herbivore interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boaz Negin
- Plant and Environmental Science Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Lior Shachar
- Plant and Environmental Science Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sagit Meir
- Plant and Environmental Science Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Claudio C Ramirez
- Centre for Molecular and Functional Ecology in Agroecosystems, Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - A Rami Horowitz
- Department of Entomology, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Gilat Research Center for Arid and Semi-Arid Agricultural Research, Rishon Lezion, Israel
- Katif Research Center, Sedot Negev, Israel
- Ministry of Science and Technology, Netivot, Israel
| | | | - Asaph Aharoni
- Plant and Environmental Science Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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Liu J, Li L, Xiong Z, Robert CAM, Li B, He S, Chen W, Bi J, Zhai G, Guo S, Zhang H, Li J, Zhou S, Zhang X, Song CP. Trade-offs between the accumulation of cuticular wax and jasmonic acid-mediated herbivory resistance in maize. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 66:143-159. [PMID: 37975264 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved complex physical and chemical defense systems that allow them to withstand herbivory infestation. Composed of a complex mixture of very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) and their derivatives, cuticular wax constitutes the first physical line of defense against herbivores. Here, we report the function of Glossy 8 (ZmGL8), which encodes a 3-ketoacyl reductase belonging to the fatty acid elongase complex, in orchestrating wax production and jasmonic acid (JA)-mediated defenses against herbivores in maize (Zea mays). The mutation of GL8 enhanced chemical defenses by activating the JA-dependent pathway. We observed a trade-off between wax accumulation and JA levels across maize glossy mutants and 24 globally collected maize inbred lines. In addition, we demonstrated that mutants defective in cuticular wax biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana and maize exhibit enhanced chemical defenses. Comprehensive transcriptomic and lipidomic analyses indicated that the gl8 mutant confers chemical resistance to herbivores by remodeling VLCFA-related lipid metabolism and subsequent JA biosynthesis and signaling. These results suggest that VLCFA-related lipid metabolism has a critical role in regulating the trade-offs between cuticular wax and JA-mediated chemical defenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiong Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Lu Li
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Zhilong Xiong
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Sanya Institute of Henan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | | | - Baozhu Li
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Sanya Institute of Henan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Shan He
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Wenjie Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Jiasheng Bi
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Guanqing Zhai
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Sanya Institute of Henan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Siyi Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Sanya Institute of Henan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Jieping Li
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Shutang Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Sanya Institute of Henan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Sanya Institute of Henan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Chun-Peng Song
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Sanya Institute of Henan University, Sanya, 572025, China
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7
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Skaliter O, Bednarczyk D, Shor E, Shklarman E, Manasherova E, Aravena-Calvo J, Kerzner S, Cna’ani A, Jasinska W, Masci T, Dvir G, Edelbaum O, Rimon B, Brotman Y, Cohen H, Vainstein A. The R2R3-MYB transcription factor EVER controls the emission of petunia floral volatiles by regulating epicuticular wax biosynthesis in the petal epidermis. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 36:174-193. [PMID: 37818992 PMCID: PMC10734618 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The epidermal cells of petunia (Petunia × hybrida) flowers are the main site of volatile emission. However, the mechanisms underlying the release of volatiles into the environment are still being explored. Here, using cell-layer-specific transcriptomic analysis, reverse genetics by virus-induced gene silencing and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR), and metabolomics, we identified EPIDERMIS VOLATILE EMISSION REGULATOR (EVER)-a petal adaxial epidermis-specific MYB activator that affects the emission of volatiles. To generate ever knockout lines, we developed a viral-based CRISPR/Cas9 system for efficient gene editing in plants. These knockout lines, together with transient-suppression assays, revealed EVER's involvement in the repression of low-vapor-pressure volatiles. Internal pools and annotated scent-related genes involved in volatile production and emission were not affected by EVER. RNA-Seq analyses of petals of ever knockout lines and EVER-overexpressing flowers revealed enrichment in wax-related biosynthesis genes. Liquid chromatography/gas chromatography-MS analyses of petal epicuticular waxes revealed substantial reductions in wax loads in ever petals, particularly of monomers of fatty acids and wax esters. These results implicate EVER in the emission of volatiles by fine-tuning the composition of petal epicuticular waxes. We reveal a petunia MYB regulator that interlinks epicuticular wax composition and volatile emission, thus unraveling a regulatory layer in the scent-emission machinery in petunia flowers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oded Skaliter
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Dominika Bednarczyk
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Ekaterina Shor
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Elena Shklarman
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Ekaterina Manasherova
- Department of Vegetable and Field Crops, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Javiera Aravena-Calvo
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Shane Kerzner
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Alon Cna’ani
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Weronika Jasinska
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Tania Masci
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Gony Dvir
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Orit Edelbaum
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Ben Rimon
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Biotechnology, The Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Yariv Brotman
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Hagai Cohen
- Department of Vegetable and Field Crops, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Alexander Vainstein
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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8
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Xin H, Li Q, Wu X, Yin B, Li J, Zhu J. The Arabidopsis thaliana integrin-like gene AT14A improves drought tolerance in Solanum lycopersicum. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2023:10.1007/s10265-023-01459-3. [PMID: 37133572 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-023-01459-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Using effective genes to improve crop stress tolerance through genetic engineering is an important way to stabilize crop yield and quality across complex climatic environments. Integrin-like AT14A, as a continuum of the cell wall-plasma membrane-cytoskeleton, functions in the regulation of cell wall synthesis, signal transduction, and the response to stress. In this study, AT14A was overexpressed in Solanum lycopersicum L. In transgenic plants, both chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate increased. Physiological experiments suggested that the proline content and antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase) activities of the transgenic line were significantly higher than those of wild-type plants under stress, which contributed to the enhanced water retention capacity and free radical scavenging ability of the transgenic line. Transcriptome analysis revealed that AT14A enhanced drought tolerance by regulating waxy cuticle synthesis genes, such as 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 20 (KCS20), non-specific lipid-transfer protein 2 (LTP2), antioxidant enzyme system genes peroxidase 42-like (PER42), and dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR2). AT14A regulates expression of Protein phosphatase 2 C 51 (PP2C 51) and ABSCISIC ACID-INSENSITIVE 5 (ABI5) to participate in ABA pathways to enhance drought tolerance. In conclusion, AT14A effectively improved photosynthesis and enhanced drought tolerance in S. lycopersicum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Xin
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Qianqin Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - XiaoYan Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Bo Yin
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jin Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Jianbo Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
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