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Suranjika S, Barla P, Sharma N, Dey N. A review on ubiquitin ligases: Orchestrators of plant resilience in adversity. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 347:112180. [PMID: 38964613 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Ubiquitin- proteasome system (UPS) is universally present in plants and animals, mediating many cellular processes needed for growth and development. Plants constantly defend themselves against endogenous and exogenous stimuli such as hormonal signaling, biotic stresses such as viruses, fungi, nematodes, and abiotic stresses like drought, heat, and salinity by developing complex regulatory mechanisms. Ubiquitination is a regulatory mechanism involving selective elimination and stabilization of regulatory proteins through the UPS system where E3 ligases play a central role; they can bind to the targets in a substrate-specific manner, followed by poly-ubiquitylation, and subsequent protein degradation by 26 S proteasome. Increasing evidence suggests different types of E3 ligases play important roles in plant development and stress adaptation. Herein, we summarize recent advances in understanding the regulatory roles of different E3 ligases and primarily focus on protein ubiquitination in plant-environment interactions. It also highlights the diversity and complexity of these metabolic pathways that enable plant to survive under challenging conditions. This reader-friendly review provides a comprehensive overview of E3 ligases and their substrates associated with abiotic and biotic stresses that could be utilized for future crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Suranjika
- Institute of Life Sciences (ILS), an autonomous institute under Department of Biotechnology Government of India, NALCO Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India; Department of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), KIIT Road, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Preeti Barla
- Institute of Life Sciences (ILS), an autonomous institute under Department of Biotechnology Government of India, NALCO Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Namisha Sharma
- Institute of Life Sciences (ILS), an autonomous institute under Department of Biotechnology Government of India, NALCO Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Nrisingha Dey
- Institute of Life Sciences (ILS), an autonomous institute under Department of Biotechnology Government of India, NALCO Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
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Zhuomeng L, Ji T, Chen Q, Xu C, Liu Y, Yang X, Li J, Yang F. Genome-wide identification and characterization of SPXdomain-containing genes family in eggplant. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17341. [PMID: 38827281 PMCID: PMC11141551 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Phosphorus is one of the lowest elements absorbed and utilized by plants in the soil. SPX domain-containing genes family play an important role in plant response to phosphate deficiency signaling pathway, and related to seed development, disease resistance, absorption and transport of other nutrients. However, there are no reports on the mechanism of SPX domain-containing genes in response to phosphorus deficiency in eggplant. In this study, the whole genome identification and functional analysis of SPX domain-containing genes family in eggplant were carried out. Sixteen eggplant SPX domain-containing genes were identified and divided into four categories. Subcellular localization showed that these proteins were located in different cell compartments, including nucleus and membrane system. The expression patterns of these genes in different tissues as well as under phosphate deficiency with auxin were explored. The results showed that SmSPX1, SmSPX5 and SmSPX12 were highest expressed in roots. SmSPX1, SmSPX4, SmSPX5 and SmSPX14 were significantly induced by phosphate deficiency and may be the key candidate genes in response to phosphate starvation in eggplant. Among them, SmSPX1 and SmSPX5 can be induced by auxin under phosphate deficiency. In conclusion, our study preliminary identified the SPX domain genes in eggplant, and the relationship between SPX domain-containing genes and auxin was first analyzed in response to phosphate deficiency, which will provide theoretical basis for improving the absorption of phosphorus in eggplants through molecular breeding technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhuomeng
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, China
| | - Tuo Ji
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Huanghuai Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, China
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production With High Quality and Efficiency, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, China
| | - Qi Chen
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, China
| | - Chenxiao Xu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, China
| | - Yuqing Liu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, China
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- Weifang Academy of Agricultural Science, Weifang, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Huanghuai Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, China
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production With High Quality and Efficiency, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, China
| | - Fengjuan Yang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Huanghuai Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, China
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production With High Quality and Efficiency, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, China
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Tao H, Gao F, Linying Li, He Y, Zhang X, Wang M, Wei J, Zhao Y, Zhang C, Wang Q, Hong G. WRKY33 negatively regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis and cooperates with PHR1 to mediate acclimation to phosphate starvation. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 5:100821. [PMID: 38229439 PMCID: PMC11121177 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2024.100821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Anthocyanin accumulation is acknowledged as a phenotypic indicator of phosphate (Pi) starvation. However, negative regulators of this process and their molecular mechanisms remain largely unexplored. In this study, we demonstrate that WRKY33 acts as a negative regulator of phosphorus-status-dependent anthocyanin biosynthesis. WRKY33 regulates the expression of the gene encoding dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR), a rate-limiting enzyme in anthocyanin production, both directly and indirectly. WRKY33 binds directly to the DFR promoter to repress its expression and also interferes with the MBW complex through interacting with PAP1 to indirectly influence DFR transcriptional activation. Under -Pi conditions, PHR1 interacts with WRKY33, and the protein level of WRKY33 decreases; the repression of DFR expression by WRKY33 is thus attenuated, leading to anthocyanin accumulation in Arabidopsis. Further genetic and biochemical assays suggest that PHR1 is also involved in regulating factors that affect WRKY33 protein turnover. Taken together, our findings reveal that Pi starvation represses WRKY33, a repressor of anthocyanin biosynthesis, to finely tune anthocyanin biosynthesis. This "double-negative logic" regulation of phosphorus-status-dependent anthocyanin biosynthesis is required for the maintenance of plant metabolic homeostasis during acclimation to Pi starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Tao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of the MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Fei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Linying Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of the MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Yuqing He
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of the MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of the MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Mengyu Wang
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jia Wei
- Institute of Sericulture and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Yao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of the MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of the MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Qiaomei Wang
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Gaojie Hong
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of the MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
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Nussaume L, Kanno S. Reviewing impacts of biotic and abiotic stresses on the regulation of phosphate homeostasis in plants. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2024; 137:297-306. [PMID: 38517656 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-024-01533-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Adapting to varying phosphate levels in the environment is vital for plant growth. The PHR1 phosphate starvation response transcription factor family, along with SPX inhibitors, plays a pivotal role in plant phosphate responses. However, this regulatory hub intricately links with diverse biotic and abiotic signaling pathways, as outlined in this review. Understanding these intricate networks is crucial, not only on a fundamental level but also for practical applications, such as enhancing sustainable agriculture and optimizing fertilizer efficiency. This comprehensive review explores the multifaceted connections between phosphate homeostasis and environmental stressors, including various biotic factors, such as symbiotic mycorrhizal associations and beneficial root-colonizing fungi. The complex coordination between phosphate starvation responses and the immune system are explored, and the relationship between phosphate and nitrate regulation in agriculture are discussed. Overall, this review highlights the complex interactions governing phosphate homeostasis in plants, emphasizing its importance for sustainable agriculture and nutrient management to contribute to environmental conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Nussaume
- Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, UMR7265, EBMP, 13115, Saint‑Paul Lez Durance, France.
| | - Satomi Kanno
- Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, 1-1-1, Furocho, Chikusaku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8601, Japan
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Ohama N, Yanagisawa S. Role of GARP family transcription factors in the regulatory network for nitrogen and phosphorus acquisition. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2024; 137:331-341. [PMID: 38190030 PMCID: PMC11082045 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-023-01513-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The GARP (Golden2, ARR-B, Psr1) family proteins with a conserved DNA-binding domain, called the B-motif, are plant-specific transcription factors involved in the regulation of various physiological processes. The GARP family proteins are divided into members that function as monomeric transcription factors, and members that function as transcription factors in the dimeric form, owing to the presence of a coiled-coil dimerization domain. Recent studies revealed that the dimer-forming GARP family members, which are further divided into the PHR1 and NIGT1 subfamilies, play critical roles in the regulation of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) acquisition. In this review, we present a general overview of the GARP family proteins and discuss how several members of the PHR1 and NIGT1 subfamilies are involved in the coordinated acquisition of P and N in response to changes in environmental nutrient conditions, while mainly focusing on the recent findings that enhance our knowledge of the roles of PHR1 and NIGT1 in phosphate starvation signaling and nitrate signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naohiko Ohama
- Plant Functional Biotechnology, Agro-Biotechnology Research Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Shuichi Yanagisawa
- Plant Functional Biotechnology, Agro-Biotechnology Research Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.
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An JP, Li HL, Liu ZY, Wang DR, You CX, Han Y. The E3 ubiquitin ligase SINA1 and the protein kinase BIN2 cooperatively regulate PHR1 in apple anthocyanin biosynthesis. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 65:2175-2193. [PMID: 37272713 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PHR1 (PHOSPHATE STARVATION RESPONSE1) plays key roles in the inorganic phosphate (Pi) starvation response and in Pi deficiency-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis in plants. However, the post-translational regulation of PHR1 is unclear, and the molecular basis of PHR1-mediated anthocyanin biosynthesis remains elusive. In this study, we determined that MdPHR1 was essential for Pi deficiency-induced anthocyanin accumulation in apple (Malus × domestica). MdPHR1 interacted with MdWRKY75, a positive regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis, to enhance the MdWRKY75-activated transcription of MdMYB1, leading to anthocyanin accumulation. In addition, the E3 ubiquitin ligase SEVEN IN ABSENTIA1 (MdSINA1) negatively regulated MdPHR1-promoted anthocyanin biosynthesis via the ubiquitination-mediated degradation of MdPHR1. Moreover, the protein kinase apple BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE2 (MdBIN2) phosphorylated MdPHR1 and positively regulated MdPHR1-mediated anthocyanin accumulation by attenuating the MdSINA1-mediated ubiquitination degradation of MdPHR1. Taken together, these findings not only demonstrate the regulatory role of MdPHR1 in Pi starvation induced anthocyanin accumulation, but also provide an insight into the post-translational regulation of PHR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ping An
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, China
| | - Hong-Liang Li
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, China
| | - Zhi-Ying Liu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, China
| | - Da-Ru Wang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, China
| | - Chun-Xiang You
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, China
| | - Yuepeng Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
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