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Wang H, Zhang R. Eruptive Cherry Angiomas After Nitrogen Mustard Treatment for Vitiligo. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2024; 17:477-481. [PMID: 38435842 PMCID: PMC10909320 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s446781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
A 43-year-old male was diagnosed with vitiligo and had been treated with topical nitrogen mustard at the age of 13. Following two years of treatment, eruptive cherry angiomas developed and presented as widely distributed red papules throughout his trunk and proximal limbs. Ceasing the use of nitrogen mustard slowed the emergence of lesions. This case highlights the potential adverse effects associated with nitrogen mustard treatment in individuals with susceptibility, as it may lead to the onset of eruptive cherry angiomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruzhi Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, People’s Republic of China
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Chu CY, Kim SY, Pryhuber GS, Mariani TJ, McGraw MD. Single-cell resolution of human airway epithelial cells exposed to bronchiolitis obliterans-associated chemicals. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2024; 326:L135-L148. [PMID: 38084407 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00304.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) is a fibrotic lung disease characterized by progressive luminal narrowing and obliteration of the small airways. In the nontransplant population, inhalation exposure to certain chemicals is associated with BO; however, the mechanisms contributing to disease induction remain poorly understood. This study's objective was to use single-cell RNA sequencing for the identification of transcriptomic signatures common to primary human airway epithelial cells after chemical exposure to BO-associated chemicals-diacetyl or nitrogen mustard-to help explain BO induction. Primary airway epithelial cells were cultured at air-liquid interface and exposed to diacetyl, nitrogen mustard, or control vapors. Cultures were dissociated and sequenced for single-cell RNA. Differential gene expression and functional pathway analyses were compared across exposures. In total, 75,663 single cells were captured and sequenced from all exposure conditions. Unbiased clustering identified 11 discrete phenotypes, including 5 basal, 2 ciliated, and 2 secretory cell clusters. With chemical exposure, the proportion of cells assigned to keratin 5+ basal cells decreased, whereas the proportion of cells aligned to secretory cell clusters increased compared with control exposures. Functional pathway analysis identified interferon signaling and antigen processing/presentation as pathways commonly upregulated after diacetyl or nitrogen mustard exposure in a ciliated cell cluster. Conversely, the response of airway basal cells differed significantly with upregulation of the unfolded protein response in diacetyl-exposed basal cells, not seen in nitrogen mustard-exposed cultures. These new insights provide early identification of airway epithelial signatures common to BO-associated chemical exposures.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) is a devastating fibrotic lung disease of the small airways, or bronchioles. This original manuscript uses single-cell RNA sequencing for identifying common signatures of chemically exposed airway epithelial cells in BO induction. Chemical exposure reduced the proportion of keratin 5+ basal cells while increasing the proportion of keratin 4+ suprabasal cells. Functional pathways contributory to these shifts differed significantly across exposures. These new results highlight similarities and differences in BO induction across exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Yi Chu
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
| | - So-Young Kim
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
| | - Gloria S Pryhuber
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
| | - Thomas J Mariani
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
| | - Matthew D McGraw
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
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Collins MS, Imbrogno MA, Kopras EJ, Howard JA, Zhang N, Kramer EL, Hudock KM. Heterogeneity in Neutrophil Extracellular Traps from Healthy Human Subjects. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:525. [PMID: 38203698 PMCID: PMC10779146 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), a key component of early defense against microbial infection, are also associated with tissue injury. NET composition has been reported to vary with some disease states, but the composition and variability of NETs across many healthy subjects provide a critical comparison that has not been well investigated. We evaluated NETs from twelve healthy subjects of varying ages isolated from multiple blood draws over a three-and-one-half-year period to delineate the variability in extracellular DNA, protein, enzymatic activities, and susceptibility to protease inhibitors. We calculated correlations for NET constituents and loss of human bronchial epithelial barrier integrity, measured by transepithelial electrical resistance, after NET exposure. We found that although there was some variability within the same subject over time, the mean NET total DNA, dsDNA, protein, LDH, neutrophil elastase (NE), and proteinase 3 (PR3) in isolated NETs were consistent across subjects. NET serine protease activity varied considerably within the same donor from day to day. The mean NET cathepsin G and MPO were significantly different across donors. IL-8 > IL-1RA > G-CSF were the most abundant cytokines in NETs. There was no significant difference in the mean concentration or variability of IL-8, IL-1RA, G-CSF, IL-1α, IL-1β, or TNF-α in different subjects' NETs. NET DNA concentration was correlated with increased NET neutrophil elastase activity and higher NET IL-1RA concentrations. The mean reduction in protease activity by protease inhibitors was significantly different across donors. NET DNA concentration correlated best with reductions in the barrier integrity of human bronchial epithelia. Defining NET concentration by DNA content correlates with other NET components and reductions in NET-driven epithelial barrier dysfunction, suggesting DNA is a reasonable surrogate measurement for these complex structures in healthy subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret S. Collins
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Michelle A. Imbrogno
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Elizabeth J. Kopras
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - James A. Howard
- Department of Pharmacology & Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Nanhua Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Elizabeth L. Kramer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Kristin M. Hudock
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
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Collins MS, Imbrogno MA, Kopras EJ, Howard JA, Zhang N, Kramer EL, Hudock KM. Heterogeneity in Neutrophil Extracellular Traps from Healthy Human Subjects. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.03.565547. [PMID: 37961496 PMCID: PMC10635125 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.03.565547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs), a key component of early defense against microbial infection, are also associated with tissue injury. NET composition has been reported to vary with some disease states, but the composition and variability of NETs across many healthy subjects provides a critical comparison that has not been well investigated. We evaluated NETs from twelve healthy subjects of varying ages isolated from multiple blood draws over a three and one half-year period to delineate the variability in extracellular DNA, protein, enzymatic activities, and susceptibility to protease inhibitors. We calculated correlations for NET constituents and loss of human bronchial epithelial barrier integrity, measured by transepithelial electrical resistance, after NET exposure. We found that although there was some variability within the same subject over time, the mean numbers of neutrophils, protein, LDH, serine protease activities, and cytokines IL-8, IL-1RA, and G-CSF in isolated NETs were consistent across subjects. Total DNA and double stranded DNA content in NETs were different across donors. NETs had little or no TNFα, IL-17A, or GM-CSF. NET DNA concentration correlated with increased NET neutrophil elastase activity and higher NET IL-1RA concentrations. NET serine protease activity varied considerably within the same donor from day-to-day. Mean response to protease inhibitors was significantly different across donors. NET DNA concentration correlated best with reductions in barrier integrity of human bronchial epithelia. Defining NET concentration by DNA content correlates with other NET components and reductions in NET-driven epithelial barrier dysfunction, suggesting DNA is a reasonable surrogate measurement for these complex structures in healthy subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret S. Collins
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Michelle A. Imbrogno
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Elizabeth J. Kopras
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - James A. Howard
- Department of Pharmacology & Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Nanhua Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Elizabeth L. Kramer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Kristin M. Hudock
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH USA
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Prousi GS, Joshi AM, Atti V, Addison D, Brown SA, Guha A, Patel B. Vascular Inflammation, Cancer, and Cardiovascular Diseases. Curr Oncol Rep 2023; 25:955-963. [PMID: 37261651 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-023-01426-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Cancer and cardiovascular disease are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the USA. Cancer and cardiovascular disease have inflammatory underpinnings that have been associated with both the development and progression of these disease states. RECENT FINDINGS Inflammatory signaling has been found to be a critical event in both cardiovascular disease and cancer formation and progression. Further, many chemotherapeutic agents potentiate inflammation exacerbating existing cardiovascular disease or leading to its presence. The exact mechanisms of these interactions remain poorly understood. The proinflammatory milieu observed in both cancer and cardiovascular disease likely plays an important role in the development and potentiation of both conditions. Further evaluation of this relationship will be critical in the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amogh M Joshi
- Department of Cardiology, Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, PA, USA
| | - Varun Atti
- Heart and Vascular Institute, West Virginia University, 1 Medical Center Dr, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA
| | - Daniel Addison
- Department of Cardiology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sherry-Ann Brown
- Department of Cardiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Avirup Guha
- Department of Cardiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Brijesh Patel
- Heart and Vascular Institute, West Virginia University, 1 Medical Center Dr, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA.
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