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Wali N, Huda MN, Gill T, Green J, Renzaho AMN. A systematic review of recruitment and retention of ethnic minorities and migrants in obesity prevention randomised controlled trials. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024:10.1038/s41366-024-01545-z. [PMID: 38834795 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-024-01545-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Participants' recruitment and retention into community-based interventions can be challenging, especially in research involving ethnic minorities and migrants. Despite known challenges, there are limited reviews that probe recruitment and retention strategies involving ethnic minorities and migrants in the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries. This systematic review aimed to measure recruitment and retention rates and identify the barriers and facilitators to effective recruitment and retention of ethnic minorities and migrants in community-based obesity prevention Randomised Control Trials (RCTs) in OECD countries. METHODS This review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Five databases (CINAHL, Cochrane, Embase, Medline and PsychInfo) were searched from January 2000 to March 2022, in addition to Google and Google Scholar. Methodological quality and risk of bias were assessed, and pooled analysis and meta-ethnographic analysis were conducted on the included studies. RESULTS Twenty-five studies were included in the review. The pooled analysis found a 64% rate of recruitment of ethnic minorities in RCTs, with a retention rate of 71%. Key facilitators identified were-use of multiple communication channels, incentives, recruiting community champions, participant convenience and employing culturally sensitive strategies. Key barriers to participation were limited access to study sites, time constraints, limited trust, perceived fear, and anxiety. CONCLUSION Findings suggest the importance of undertaking culturally appropriate recruitment and retention strategies to minimise barriers and facilitate effective recruitment and retention of low-income ethnic minorities and migrants in community-based research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Wali
- School of Social Sciences, Humanitarian and Development Research Initiative (HADRI), Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, 2751, Australia.
| | - Md Nazmul Huda
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Timothy Gill
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Julie Green
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Paediatric, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia
| | - Andre M N Renzaho
- Translational Health Research Institute (THRI), Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia
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Bogt MJJT, Bevelander KE, Tholen L, Molleman GRM, van den Muijsenbergh M, Fransen GAJ. Leverage point themes within Dutch municipalities' healthy weight approaches: A qualitative study from a systems perspective. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287050. [PMID: 37310977 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite all efforts of national and local approaches, obesity rates continue to rise worldwide. It is increasingly recognized that the complexity of obesity should be further addressed by incorporating a systems perspective when implementing approaches. Such an approach has four interconnected system levels: events, structures, goals, and beliefs, in which small changes ('leverage points') can lead to substantial changes in the functioning of the entire system. The current research examined the functioning of five Dutch municipalities' healthy weight approaches (HWAs) and the leverage point themes that can be identified in their system. METHODS Thirty-four semi-structured interviews were conducted with various stakeholders about the HWA, including policy advisors, care professionals, practice professionals, and citizens. An inductive thematic analysis was performed. RESULTS Three main themes were identified: 1) HWA organization structure, 2) collaboration between professionals, and 3) citizen participation. Across all system levels, we identified leverage point themes. The upper-levels events and structures occurred the most and were explained by underlying goals and beliefs. Leverage point themes regarding "HWA organization structure" were municipal processes, such as perceived impact; diversity of themes, activities, and tasks; network; and communication strategies, such as messages about the HWA. Leverage point themes regarding "collaboration between professionals" were linking pins, indicating central players within the network; motivation and commitment including support base; and stimulating one another to work on the HWA by spurring other professionals into action. Lastly, leverage point themes under "citizen participation" included reaching the target group, e.g., look for entry points; and citizens' motivation, including customization. DISCUSSION This paper provides unique insights into HWAs' leverage point themes that can lead to substantial changes in how the entire system functions and makes suggestions about underlying leverage points to help stakeholders improve their HWA. Future research could focus on studying leverage points within leverage point themes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud J J Ter Bogt
- Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- AMPHI Academic Collaborative Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kirsten E Bevelander
- Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- AMPHI Academic Collaborative Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa Tholen
- Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard R M Molleman
- Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- AMPHI Academic Collaborative Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Maria van den Muijsenbergh
- Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Pharos, The Dutch Centre of Expertise on Health Disparities, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gerdine A J Fransen
- Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- AMPHI Academic Collaborative Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Alghamdi AS, Bitar HH. The positive impact of gamification in imparting nutritional knowledge and combating childhood obesity: A systematic review on the recent solutions. Digit Health 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/20552076231154380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This paper reviews the recent gamified interventions that focus on the dietary factor to explore the effectiveness of using gaming elements in combating the prevalence of childhood obesity. Methods Two electronic databases were searched (PubMed and ProQuest); to identify the relevant papers published between 2018 and 2021. The keywords that use to search the entire selected databases were gamification and obesity. There were no restrictions regarding the language. Two independent reviewers screened the titles, abstracts, and keywords for relevance. Results 407 papers were identified initially, while only 18 articles met the inclusion criteria. Most of the included articles indicated the positive impact of gamification on changing children eating behaviors. This systematic review summarizes the theories followed in developing such interventions and suggests some other theories to use and follow. Moreover, we synthesized the main findings into six recommendations that would assist in combating the global concern regarding childhood obesity if IS/IT researchers and other implement them during the development of any IT intervention. Conclusions Using gamification and gaming elements in imparting nutritional knowledge to children and improving their eating habits and behaviors is considered effective generally. It provides them with the needed knowledge and promotes the acquisition of better habits within enjoyable environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athir S Alghamdi
- Department of Information Systems, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hind H Bitar
- Department of Information Systems, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Rodriguez A, Korzeniowska K, Szarejko K, Borowski H, Brzeziński M, Myśliwiec M, Czupryniak L, Berggren PO, Radziwiłł M, Soszyński P. Getting them through the door: Social and behavioral determinants of uptake and engagement in an obesity intervention. Obes Res Clin Pract 2023; 17:86-90. [PMID: 36376161 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Using data from a large-scale screening program (N = 19634), we aimed to prospectively identify factors predicting uptake (i.e. acceptance of the invitation) and engagement (i.e. participation in at least two sessions) in a multi-component-intensive-behavioral-intervention for obesity-management (MBIOM) intervention targeting adolescents (n = 2862; 12-14 years; BMI ≥90th percentile). Approximately one third of adolescents most in need of weight management declined the initial invitation to enter the MBIOM. Poor diet, sedentary behavior, and parental education predicted willingness to enter and stay in the intervention, however measured body mass index did not matter. Perceived family support, instead of initial motivation, facilitated engagement. Our results provide new insights on the importance of regional socio-geographical factors including trust in local authorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Rodriguez
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, St. Mary's Campus, W2 1PG London, UK; Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Centre for Psychiatry and Mental Health, Queen Mary University of London, UK.
| | - Katarzyna Korzeniowska
- Department of Pediatrics, Diabetology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Kamila Szarejko
- PoZdro Program Scientific Board, Medicover Foundation, 00-807 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Hubert Borowski
- PoZdro Program Scientific Board, Medicover Foundation, 00-807 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Michał Brzeziński
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Allergology & Nutrition, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Myśliwiec
- Department of Pediatrics, Diabetology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Leszek Czupryniak
- Department of Diabetology and Internal Diseases, Warsaw Medical University, 02-091 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Per-Olof Berggren
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marcin Radziwiłł
- PoZdro Program Scientific Board, Medicover Foundation, 00-807 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Piotr Soszyński
- PoZdro Program Scientific Board, Medicover Foundation, 00-807 Warszawa, Poland
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Putter KC, Jackson B, Thornton AL, Willis CE, Goh KMB, Beauchamp MR, Benjanuvatra N, Dimmock JA, Budden T. Perceptions of a family-based lifestyle intervention for children with overweight and obesity: a qualitative study on sustainability, self-regulation, and program optimization. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1534. [PMID: 35953799 PMCID: PMC9373481 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13956-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Family-based lifestyle interventions (FBLIs) are an important method for treating childhood weight problems. Despite being recognized as an effective intervention method, the optimal structure of these interventions for children's overweight and obesity has yet to be determined. Our aim was to better understand participants' (a) implementation of behaviour strategies and long-term outcomes, (b) perceptions regarding the optimal structure of FBLIs, and (c) insights into psychological concepts that may explain the success of these programs. METHODS Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants. We conducted focus groups as well as one-to-one interviews with parents (n = 53) and children (n = 50; aged 7-13, M = 9.4 yr, SD = 3.1) three months following their involvement in a 10-week, multi-component, FBLI involving education and activities relating to healthy nutrition, physical activity, and behavior modification. Using an interpretivist approach, a qualitative study design was employed to examine participant experiences. RESULTS We identified three higher-order categories: (a) participants' program experiences and perceptions (b) lifestyle changes post-program, and (c) recommendations for optimizing family-based programs. Themes identified within these categories included (a) support and structure & content, (b) diet and physical activity, and (c) in-program recommendations and post-program recommendations. CONCLUSIONS We identified several challenges that can impair lasting behavior change (e.g., physical activity participation) following involvement in a FBLI. On optimizing these programs, participants emphasized fun, interactive content, interpersonal support, appropriate educational content, and behavior change techniques. Concepts rooted in motivational theory could help address calls for greater theoretical and mechanistic insight in FBLIs. Findings may support research advancement and assist health professionals to more consistently realize the potential of these interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaila C Putter
- Department of Psychology, College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Ben Jackson
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western, Perth, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Ashleigh L Thornton
- Division of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western, Perth, Australia.,Kids Rehab WA, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Claire E Willis
- Sports & Exercise Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kong Min Bryce Goh
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western, Perth, Australia
| | - Mark R Beauchamp
- School of Kinesiology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Nat Benjanuvatra
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western, Perth, Australia
| | - James A Dimmock
- Department of Psychology, College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Timothy Budden
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western, Perth, Australia. .,Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia.
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