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Montasser MA, Keilig L, Bourauel C. Change in crown inclination accompanying initial tooth alignment with round archwires. Dental Press J Orthod 2022; 27:e2220489. [PMID: 35792791 PMCID: PMC9255984 DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.27.3.e2220489.oar] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate, in-vitro, the change in crown inclination that occurs during orthodontic leveling and alignment using different archwire-bracket-ligation combinations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four archwire types were tested: (1) 0.012-in stainless steel and (2) 0.0155-in stainless steel multi-stranded, (3) 0.012-in nitinol Orthonol® and (4) 0.012-in nitinol Thermalloy®. Combinations with five types of 0.022-in slot orthodontic brackets were tested: SmartClipTM and Time3® self-ligating brackets, Mini-Taurus® and Victory SeriesTM conventional brackets, and Synergy® conventional-low friction bracket. Conventional brackets were ligated with both stainless steel and elastomeric ligatures. The simulated malocclusion comprised 2.0mm gingival and 2.0mm labial displacements of a maxillary right central incisor. Rotation around the Y-axis (representing labio-palatal inclination) was measured for the different archwire-bracket-ligation combinations. RESULTS The largest rotation was measured whith Orthonol® and Thermalloy® wires when combined with SmartClipTM brackets (8.07±0.24º and 8.06±0.26º, respectively) and with Synergy® brackets ligated with stainless steel ligatures (8.03±0.49º and 8.0±0.37º, respectively). The lower rotation was recorded when Thermalloy®, multi-stranded, and Orthonol® wires were ligated with elastomeric rings to Mini-Taurus® brackets (1.53±0.18º, 1.65± 0.23º and 1.70±0.28º, respectively) and to Victory SeriesTM brackets (1.68± 0.78º, 2.92± 1.40º and 1.74±0.46º, respectively). CONCLUSIONS All archwire-bracket-ligation combinations produced lingual crown inclination; however, lower changes were observed when the conventional brackets were ligated with elastomeric rings. The multi-stranded archwire produced less rotation with nearly every bracket-ligation combination, compared to the other archwires. The effect of the archwire-bracket-ligation combination on tooth inclination during leveling and alignment should be considered during planning treatment mechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona A Montasser
- Mansoura University, Faculty of Dentistry, Orthodontic Department (Mansoura/Egypt)
| | - Ludger Keilig
- University of Bonn, Department of Oral Technology, School of Dentistry (Bonn/Germany)
| | - Christoph Bourauel
- University of Bonn, Department of Oral Technology, School of Dentistry (Bonn/Germany)
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Comparison of the friction forces delivered by different elastomeric patterns and metal ligature on conventional metal brackets with a NiTi arch wire versus a self-ligating system: An in vitro study. Int Orthod 2022; 20:100633. [PMID: 35339407 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2022.100633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to measure the frictional resistance of different types of ligatures used on conventional and self-ligating brackets. MATERIALS AND METHODS Monoblock (conventional) and Portia (self-ligating) brackets were used and the archwire used was nickel-titanium. On conventional brackets the ligatures tested were the Elastomeric type and steel 0.30 tie-wire. The groups were divided according to the ligature types (n=8): (1) conventional elastomeric ligature; (2) relaxed conventional elastomeric ligature; (3) elastomeric ligature in shape-8; (4) double vertical elastomeric ligatures; (5) double-crossed elastomeric ligatures; (6) crossed ligature; (7) steel wire ligature; and (8) self-ligating ligature (self-ligating bracket). A segment of five brackets, each ligature types, was mounted. The archwire, between the bracket and the ligature, was connected on Instron® Universal test machine to simulate the frictional resistance. The maximum frictional resistance was obtained, and the mean values were submitted to the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey's post-hoc test (α=0.05). RESULTS The elastomeric ligature in shape-8 showed the highest value compared with other groups (P<0.05). Although the crossed elastomeric ligature presented the lowest mean value and it was not statistically different regarding relaxed conventional elastomeric ligature, steel wire ligature and self-ligating (P≥0.05). CONCLUSIONS The frictional resistance was influenced by ligature types. Elastomeric Ligature in shape-8 showed the highest frictional force. Crossed Elastomeric Ligature had the lowest frictional force value.
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Customized lingual brackets vs. conventional labial brackets for initial alignment : A randomized clinical trial. J Orofac Orthop 2021; 83:307-317. [PMID: 33893516 DOI: 10.1007/s00056-021-00295-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this randomized prospective clinical study was to determine whether there are differences between customized lingual brackets and conventional labial brackets regarding the alignment of the mandibular arch and a reduction of the irregularity index during an 18-week treatment interval. METHODS A total of 20 patients who presented with class I malocclusion for scheduled orthodontic treatment without tooth extraction were included. The patients were randomly assigned by numbered, opaque, sealed envelopes to treatment with customized lingual brackets or conventional labial brackets. During the initial alignment (T0), 0.012″ (T1), 0.014″ (T2), and 0.016″ (T3) nickel-titanium archwires were applied, respectively, and the control visits were scheduled at 6‑week intervals. In all sessions, digital models were obtained by an intraoral scanning device after removal of the archwire and were analyzed by software. Little's irregularity index, intercanine width, intermolar width and arch length were evaluated at three time points and were statistically analyzed with a repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). Changes in these measurements at the three intervals (T1-T0, T2-T1, T3-T2) and overall treatment effects were also compared using the Student t‑test. RESULTS Comparing the two treatments regimes, intergroup mean values at T0, T1, T2, and T3 were not significantly different regarding the irregularity index, intercanine width, intermolar width and arch length. CONCLUSION In this pilot study, no differences between the two treatment approaches could be detected for the phase of initial mandibular alignment.
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Curto A, Albaladejo A, Montero J, Alvarado A. Influence of a Lubricating Gel (Orthospeed®) on Pain and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Orthodontic Patients during Initial Therapy with Conventional and Low-Friction Brackets: A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9051474. [PMID: 32423007 PMCID: PMC7290469 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9051474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether statistically significant differences exist regarding pain and the impact on oral quality of life of orthodontic treatment. A conventional brackets system was compared with low-friction brackets. A total of 90 patients (male = 35, female = 55) were chosen for this randomized clinical trial. Pain was assessed at 4, 8, and 24 hours and 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 days after the start of treatment using the McGill Pain Questionnaire. Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) was assessed using the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire. Oral quality of life was assessed at one month, with patients with low-friction brackets describing lower levels of pain. The patients with conventional brackets indicated a worse impact on their quality of life compared to the group with low-friction brackets. Statistically significant differences were found between the groups, with maximum pain observed between the first 24 and 48 hours, and the values of minimum pain are reached after 7 days. The pain and impact on oral quality of life was statistically worse in patients with conventional brackets compared to patients with low-friction brackets. The type of bracket system used was therefore shown to influence patients' perceptions of pain and impact on their OHRQoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Curto
- DDS, Professor in Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Avenida Alfonso X el Sabio s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-923294541
| | - Alberto Albaladejo
- DDS, Professor in Orthodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Avenida Alfonso X el Sabio s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Javier Montero
- DDS, Professor in Prosthodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Avenida Alfonso X el Sabio s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Alfonso Alvarado
- DDS, Professor in Orthodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Avenida Alfonso X el Sabio s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.A.); (A.A.)
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Wiechmann D, Bantleon HP, Melsen B, Zachrisson B, Hägg U, Canal P, Garcia R, Barthélemi S, Frapier L, Grauer D, Sander C, Diedrich P, Jacobs C, Wehrbein H, Hohoff A, Helms HJ, Schwestka-Polly R. Incorrect measurements and misleading conclusions in the article "Comparison of the efficacy of tooth alignment among lingual and labial brackets: an in vitro study". Head Face Med 2020; 16:7. [PMID: 32321577 PMCID: PMC7175492 DOI: 10.1186/s13005-020-00221-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/objective To reproduce the methods and results of the study by Alobeid et al. (2018) in which the efficacy of tooth alignment using conventional labial and lingual orthodontic bracket systems was assessed. Materials/methods We used the identical experimental protocol and tested (i) regular twin bracket (GAC-Twin [Dentsply]) and lingual twin bracket systems (Incognito [3M]), (ii) together with NiTi 0.014” wires (RMO), and (iii) a simulated malocclusion with a displaced maxillary central incisor in the x-axis (2 mm gingivally) and in the z-axis (2 mm labially). Results The method described by Alobeid et al. (2018) is not reproducible, and cannot be used to assess the efficacy of tooth alignment in labial or lingual orthodontic treatment. Major flaws concern the anteroposterior return of the Thermaloy-NiTi wire ligated with stainless steel ligatures. The reproduced experimental setting showed that a deflected Thermaloy-NiTi wire DOES NOT move back at all to its initial stage (= 0 per cent correction) because of friction and binding (see supplemented video), neither with the tested labial nor with the lingual brackets. Furthermore, an overcorrection of up to 138 per cent, which the authors indicate for some labial bracket-wire combinations and which deserves the characterization “irreal”, stresses the inappropriateness of the method of measurement.Further flaws include: a) incorrect interpretation of the measurement results, where a tooth tripping around (overcorrection) is interpreted as a better outcome than a perfect 100 per cent correction; b) using a statistical test in an inappropriate and misleading way; c) uncritical copying of text passages from older publications to describe the method, which do not correspond to this experimental protocol and lead to calculation errors; d) wrong citations; e)differences in table and bar graph values of the same variable; f) using a lingual mushroom shaped 0.013” Thermaloy-NiTi wire which does not exist; g) drawing uncritical conclusions of so called "clinical relevance" from a very limited in vitro testing. Conclusions Clinical recommendations based on in vitro measurements using the Orthodontic Measurement and Simulation System (OMSS) should be read with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Wiechmann
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, D-30625, Germany.
| | - Hans-Peter Bantleon
- Professor Emeritus, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Birte Melsen
- Adjunct Professor at University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth WA, 6009, Australia.,Visiting Professor, New York University, 345 E. 24th Street, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Björn Zachrisson
- Professor Emeritus, Department of Orthodontics, University of Oslo, Boks 1072 Blindern, Oslo, NO-0316, Norway
| | - Urban Hägg
- Emeritus and Honorary Professor, University of Hong Kong, The Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Rd, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pierre Canal
- Professeur des Universités Émérite à la Faculté d'Odontologie de Montpellier, 545 Avenue Pr JL Viala, Montpellier, 34193, France
| | - Robert Garcia
- Professeur Émérite, UFR d'Odontologie, Université de Paris 5, Rue Garancière, Paris, 75006, France
| | - Stephane Barthélemi
- Professor, Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Montpellier, 545 Avenue Pr JL Viala, Montpellier, 34193, France
| | - Laure Frapier
- Head of Department, Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Montpellier, 545 Avenue Pr JL Viala, Montpellier, 34193, France
| | - Dan Grauer
- Adjunct Professor, Department of Orthodontics, University of North Carolina, Campus Box 7450, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7450, USA
| | - Christian Sander
- Member of the University of Ulm, Eversbuschstr. 107, Munich, 80999, Germany
| | - Peter Diedrich
- Director Emeritus, Clinic of Orthodontics, Medical Faculty RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, Aachen, 50074, Germany
| | - Collin Jacobs
- Head of Department, Department of Orthodontics, Section of Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University Dental School of Jena, An der Alten Post 4, Jena, D-07743, Germany
| | - Heiner Wehrbein
- Head of Department, Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, Mainz, D-55131, Germany
| | - Ariane Hohoff
- Head of Department, Department of Orthodontics, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Münster, D-48149, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Helms
- Dr. rer. nat., Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Humboldtallee 32, Göttingen, D-37073, Germany
| | - Rainer Schwestka-Polly
- Head of Department, Department of Orthodontics, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, D-30625, Germany
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Alobeid A, El-Bialy T, Reimann S, Keilig L, Cornelius D, Jäger A, Bourauel C. Comparison of the efficacy of tooth alignment among lingual and labial brackets: an in vitro study. Eur J Orthod 2019; 40:660-665. [PMID: 29546390 DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjy005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background/objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of tooth alignment with conventional and self-ligating labial and lingual orthodontic bracket systems. Materials/methods We tested labial brackets (0.022″ slot size) and lingual brackets (0.018″ slot size). The labial brackets were: (i) regular twin brackets (GAC-Twin [Dentsply]), (ii) passive self-ligating brackets including (Damon-Q® [ORMCO]; Ortho classic H4™ [Orthoclassic]; FLI®SL [RMO]), and (iii) active self-ligating brackets (GAC In-Ovation®C [DENTSPLY] and SPEED™[Strite]). The lingual brackets included (i) twin bracket systems (Incognito [3M] and Joy™ [Adenta]), (ii) passive self-ligating bracket system (GAC In-Ovation®LM™ [Dentsply]), and (iii) active self-ligating bracket system (Evolution SLT [Adenta]). The tested wires were Thermalloy-NiTi 0.013″ and 0.014″ (RMO). The archwires were tied to the regular twin brackets with stainless steel ligatures 0.010″ (RMO). The malocclusion simulated a displaced maxillary central incisor in the x-axis (2 mm gingivally) and in the z-axis (2 mm labially). Results The results showed that lingual brackets are less efficient in aligning teeth when compared with labial brackets in general. The vertical correction achieved by labial bracket systems ranged from 72 to 95 per cent with 13″ Thermalloy wires and from 70 to 87 per cent with 14″ Thermalloy wires. In contrast, the achieved corrections by lingual brackets with 13″ Thermalloy wires ranged between 25-44 per cent and 29-52 per cent for the 14" Thermalloy wires. The anteroposterior correction achieved by labial brackets ranged between 83 and 138 per cent for the 13″ Thermalloy and between 82 and 129 per cent for the 14″ Thermalloy wires. On the other hand, lingual brackets corrections ranged between 12 and 40 per cent for the 13″ Thermalloy wires and between 30 and 45 per cent for the 14″ Thermalloy wires. Limitation This is a lab-based study with different labial and lingual bracket slot sizes (however they are the commonly used ones in clinical orthodontics) and study did not consider saliva, periodontal ligament, mastication and other oral functions. Conclusions The effectiveness of lingual brackets in correcting vertical and anteroposterior displacement achieved during the initial alignment phase of orthodontic treatment is lower than that of the effectiveness of labial brackets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Alobeid
- Department of Oral Medical Technology, School of Dentistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tarek El-Bialy
- Department of Oral Medical Technology, School of Dentistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Division of Orthodontics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Susanne Reimann
- Department of Oral Medical Technology, School of Dentistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ludger Keilig
- Department of Oral Medical Technology, School of Dentistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dirk Cornelius
- Department of Oral Medical Technology, School of Dentistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Jäger
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Bourauel
- Department of Oral Medical Technology, School of Dentistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Montasser MA, Keilig L, Bourauel C. Archwire diameter effect on tooth alignment with different bracket-archwire combinations. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2016; 149:76-83. [PMID: 26718381 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Our objective was to evaluate the effect of the diameter of the archwire on tooth alignment with different bracket-archwire combinations. METHODS The materials included 2 categories of orthodontic brackets (1) conventional ligating brackets (Victory Series [3M Unitek, Monrovia, Calif], Mini-Taurus [Rocky Mountain Orthodontics, Denver, Colo], and Synergy [Rocky Mountain Orthodontics]) and (2) self-ligating brackets (SmartClip [3M Unitek], a passive self-ligating bracket; Time3 [American Orthodontics, Sheboygan, Wis], an active self-ligating bracket; and SPEED [Strite Industries, Cambridge, Ontario, Canada], an active self-ligating bracket). All brackets had a nominal 0.022-in slot size. The brackets were combined with Therma-Ti 0.014-in and Therma-Ti 0.016-in titanium memory archwires (American Orthodontics). The archwires were tied to the conventional brackets with both stainless steel ligatures (0.010 in) and elastomeric rings. Each bracket-archwire combination was tested 20 times with the orthodontic measurement and simulation system built in a temperature-controlled chamber where the temperature was kept at 37°C (±1°C) during testing. The malocclusion simulated in the study represented a maxillary central incisor displaced 2 mm gingivally (x-axis) and 2 mm labially (z-axis). RESULTS The incisogingival corrections achieved by the 0.014-in archwire combined with the brackets used ranged from 40% to 95%; the corrections by the 0.016-in wire were 55% to 95%. The labiolingual corrections achieved by the 0.014-in archwire combined with the brackets used ranged from 10% to 100%, and the corrections of the 0.016-in archwires ranged from 15% to 100%. CONCLUSIONS Increasing the diameter from 0.014 to 0.016 in increased the correction achieved by up to 15% in certain bracket-archwire combinations, but it decreased the correction by up to 25% in other combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona A Montasser
- Associate professor, Orthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Mansoura, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Ludger Keilig
- Senior researcher, Department of Oral Technology, School of Dentistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Bourauel
- Cendres and Métaux Endowed Professor of Oral Technology, School of Dentistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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