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Lorenz M, Goetze D, Sargolzaei K, Frank U. The test of masticating and swallowing solids (ToMaSS): An investigation of applicability and clinical utility in children with orofacial myofunctional disorders. J Oral Rehabil 2024. [PMID: 38873707 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Orofacial myofunctional disorders (OMD) are often associated with limitations of oral ingestion of solid food. The Test of Masticating and Swallowing Solids (ToMaSS) is a simple diagnostic tool to assess and quantify oropharyngeal efficiency while eating a standardised cracker. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to investigate the applicability and clinical utility of the ToMaSS in children with OMD. METHODS In this case-control study, data were collected from 18 children between 4 and 11 years with confirmed OMD. Inter-rater reliability and age effects on the ToMaSS parameters were investigated and the specific performance profile of the OMD children was identified. RESULTS Inter-rater reliability was excellent for the ToMaSS parameters 'bites' (ICC = .999), 'masticatory cycles' (ICC = .961), 'time'(ICC≧ .999) and good for 'number of swallows' (ICC = .810). 'Masticatory cycles' and 'time' decreased as a function of age with a significant difference in the 'number of masticatory cycles' between the youngest (4-6 years) and oldest (10-14 years) participants (p = .006, Z = -2.739). Deviations from normative data in at least one of the four ToMaSS parameters were found in 90% of the OMD children with 'bites', and 'masticatory cycles' predominantly corresponding to the performances expected in typically-developing children in younger age groups. CONCLUSIONS The ToMaSS is a reliable diagnostic instrument and clinically useful to detect limited efficiency of oral solid bolus intake and specific impairments in chewing function and duration of food intake in children with OMD. Our data suggest that OMD is associated with delayed development of efficient solid bolus preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Lorenz
- Praxis für Logopaedie und Dysphagietherapie, Berlin, Germany
- Linguistic Department, Swallowing Research Lab, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Danae Goetze
- Linguistic Department, Swallowing Research Lab, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Ulrike Frank
- Linguistic Department, Swallowing Research Lab, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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Pop SI, Procopciuc A, Arsintescu B, Mițariu M, Mițariu L, Pop RV, Cerghizan D, Jánosi KM. Three-Dimensional Assessment of Upper Airway Volume and Morphology in Patients with Different Sagittal Skeletal Patterns. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:903. [PMID: 38732317 PMCID: PMC11083622 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14090903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between respiratory function and craniofacial morphology has garnered significant attention due to its implications for upper airway and stomatognathic development. Nasal breathing plays a key role in craniofacial growth and dental positioning. This study investigated upper airway morphology and volume differences among individuals with class I, II, and III skeletal anomalies. METHODS Ninety orthodontic patients' CBCT scans were analyzed to assess the oropharynx and hypopharynx volumes. Skeletal diagnosis was established based on the cephalometric analysis. RESULTS A significant volume change in the oropharynx and pharynx was demonstrated when comparing class II with class III anomalies (p = 0.0414, p = 0.0313). The total volume of the pharynx was increased in class III anomalies. The area of the narrowest part of the pharynx (MIN-CSA) significantly decreased in classes I and II compared to class III (p = 0.0289, p = 0.0003). Patients with Angle class III anomalies exhibited higher values in the narrowest pharyngeal segment. Gender differences were significant in pharyngeal volumes and morphologies across malocclusion classes. CONCLUSIONS The narrowest segment of the pharynx had the highest values in patients with Angle class III. The volume of the oropharynx was found to be greater in patients with Angle class III versus patients with Angle class II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Izabella Pop
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 38 Gh. Marinescu Str., 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Ana Procopciuc
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 38 Gh. Marinescu Str., 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Bianca Arsintescu
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 38 Gh. Marinescu Str., 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Mihai Mițariu
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lucian Balga University, Bd-ul. Victoriei, 550024 Sibiu, Romania
| | - Loredana Mițariu
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lucian Balga University, Bd-ul. Victoriei, 550024 Sibiu, Romania
| | - Radu Vasile Pop
- Private Practice, Natural Smile Dental Clinic, 76 Gh Doja Str., 540232 Târgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Diana Cerghizan
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 38 Gh. Marinescu Str., 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Kinga Mária Jánosi
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 38 Gh. Marinescu Str., 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania
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Santos Barrera M, Ribas-Perez D, Caleza Jimenez C, Cortes Lillo O, Mendoza-Mendoza A. Oral Habits in Childhood and Occlusal Pathologies: A Cohort Study. Clin Pract 2024; 14:718-728. [PMID: 38804389 PMCID: PMC11130930 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract14030057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyse the relationship between the different habits that occur in childhood and the different malocclusions in the three planes of space. MATERIAL AND METHODS A clinical examination of 106 children between 5 and 12 years of age was carried out and a survey validated by professors of the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Seville was made for the parents in order to identify the habits and relate them to the possible malocclusions detected in the child's mouth. RESULTS 72.64% of the sample presented a malocclusion in at least one of the three planes of space, with a similar distribution. When correlating the variables, statistically significant relationships were observed in the vertical plane with atypical swallowing (p = 0 < 0.05; V > 0.3) and lip sucking (p = 0 < 0.05; V > 0.3) and in the horizontal plane with oral breathing (p = 0 < 0.05; V > 0.3), atypical swallowing (p = 0 < 0.05; V < 0.3) and digital sucking (p = 0 < 0.05; V < 0.3). CONCLUSIONS It has been observed that the prevalence and prolongation of habits in childhood is increasing, so it is essential to detect pernicious habits at an early age to prevent the establishment of malocclusions and to favour the correct craniofacial growth of the child.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Ribas-Perez
- Department of Stomatology, University of Seville, 41004 Seville, Spain
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Guo F, Lv C, Tang B, Lin L, Zhang C, Zheng J, Zhao T, He H. Functional therapy and adenotonsillectomy clinical trial for class II malocclusion (FACT-II): protocol for a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e079571. [PMID: 38626960 PMCID: PMC11029268 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Class II malocclusion with mandibular retrognathia is a common complication of paediatric obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), often accompanied by transverse maxillary deficiency. In early orthodontic treatment, a twin block (TB) is a regular functional appliance for correcting this malocclusion. For paediatric OSA, the most common risk factor is adenotonsillar hypertrophy (AHT). Untreated AHT may lead to the persistence and worsening of obstructive sleep-disordered breathing traits, including habitual mouth breathing. Additionally, the clockwise mandibular rotation associated with AHT-induced pharyngeal crowding can undermine the effectiveness and stability of TB treatment. Adenotonsillectomy (T&A) is currently the first-line treatment for paediatric OSA. This proposed trial will investigate the impact of T&A surgery timing on the efficacy and stability of TB functional treatment in children with class II mandibular retrognathia and ATH. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This will be a single-centre, parallel-group, superiority randomised controlled trial with participants randomised to intervention (T&A followed by TB treatment) or control arms (TB treatment followed by T&A) in a 1:1 ratio. A total of 40 patients aged 8-14 years, diagnosed with class II mandibular retrognathia and co-existing ATH-induced OSA, and indicated for both T&A surgery and TB treatment, will be recruited at the School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University. The primary outcomes will be the changes in the apnoea-hypopnoea index and the point A-nasion-point B angle from baseline to postorthodontic treatment between the two groups. Secondary outcomes will include other dental, skeletal, upper airway and soft tissue changes, as well as subjective sleep-related and oral-related quality of life. Outcome changes within each group and between groups will be analysed. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study is approved by the Ethics Committee of the School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University (no. 2022-D07). The research findings will be faithfully disseminated through scientific conferences or published articles. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ChiCTR2200061703 (https://www.chictr.org.cn).
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenxing Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bojun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lizhuo Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Center for Dentofacial Development and Sleep Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Center for Dentofacial Development and Sleep Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Center for Dentofacial Development and Sleep Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Peron PF, Wehrbein H, Mundethu A, Schmidtmann I, Erbe C. Clinical parameters and inflammatory biomarkers among patients with multibracket appliances: a prospective clinical trial. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:308. [PMID: 38443926 PMCID: PMC10913366 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-03995-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aim of the presented study was to investigate changes in clinical parameters and active matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) levels in gingival crevicular fluid of patients before and during treatment with multibrackets appliances. METHODS Fifty-five adolescents scheduled for the treatment were included. Clinical parameters and subgingival samples were obtained at six time points: 1 week before appliance insertion (T0), 3 (T1), 6 (T2) weeks, 3 (T3), 6 (T4) months, and 1 year (T5) after that. Gingival index and plaque index were assessed to evaluated changes on the clinical status. Subgingival samples were collected to analyze changes in aMMP-8. RESULTS Scores for gingival and plaque index increased after bracket insertion. The gingival index increased from T2 (p < 0.05) until T5 (p < 0.0001). Plaque index also increased, reaching its maximum peak at T3 (p < 0.05). Moreover, an increase of aMMP-8 levels (p < 0.05) was noted. There was no significant between upper and lower jaws. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with multibracket appliances in adolescents favors dental plaque accumulation and may transitionally increase gingival and plaque index and aMMP-8 levels leading to gingival inflammation, even 1 year after therapy began. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the dental medical association Rheiland-Pfalz, Germany (process no. 837.340.12 (8441-F)), and followed the guidelines of Good Clinical Practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Ferrari Peron
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Heinrich Wehrbein
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ambili Mundethu
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Irene Schmidtmann
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Obere Zahlbacher Str. 69, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christina Erbe
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany
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Levine B, Patterson F, Covington L. Pediatric Dentists:: Frontline Public Health Providers Leading the Way in Identifying and Preventing Childhood Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome. Dela J Public Health 2024; 10:44-45. [PMID: 38572129 PMCID: PMC10987031 DOI: 10.32481/djph.2024.03.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bari Levine
- Pediatric Dentist, Growing Smiles Main Line Pediatric Dentistry
| | - Freda Patterson
- Associate Dean of Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware
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Hennig CL, Neumann A, Nitzsche A, Stemmler A, Tränckner K, Kühn N, Lehmann T, Jacobs C. A Newly Developed Orthodontic-Logopedic Screening Procedure for Myofunctional Dysfunctions-A Pilot Study. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1248. [PMID: 37623499 PMCID: PMC10455837 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13081248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Interdisciplinary, patient-specific cooperation between orthodontics and speech therapy plays an important role in the therapy of myofunctional dysfunctions. The following orthodontic-logopedic screening procedure is intended to objectify the diagnosis of such dysfunctions and the progress of therapy. A diagnostic questionnaire was prepared based on existing diagnostic questionnaires for myofunctional dysfunction. It contains 32 questions, with a clinical weighting of 0 to 50 points in total. This results in a point score. The lower the score is, the lower the need for therapy is. The study included 108 patients between the ages of 6 and 50 years. After screening, the patient population was divided into Group 0 (score < 15; no speech therapy need; n = 36) and Group 1 (score ≥ 15; a speech therapy need; n = 72). Group 1 was additionally randomized into Subgroups A (with speech therapy; n = 36) and B (without speech therapy; n = 36). After a treatment interval of 6 months, all patients in Group 1 were examined again with the help of the screening procedure. Statistical analysis (SPSS) and significance testing (Mann-Whitney U test) were performed. At baseline, there was no significant difference between patients in Subgroups A and B (p = 0.157). Subgroup A had a median score of 25, and Subgroup B had a median score of 30. However, after the treatment interval, a significant improvement (p = 0.001) for Subgroup A with a median score of 11 (mean score difference = 14.67) over Subgroup B with a median score 23 (mean score difference of 7.08) was observed. The developed screening procedure was shown to be equally applicable to all patients and treatment providers. With the help of the scores in point form, the need for speech therapy and the progress of such therapy can be objectified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph-Ludwig Hennig
- Department of Orthodontics, Center of Dental Medicine, Jena University Hospital, An der Alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Antonia Neumann
- Department of Orthodontics, Center of Dental Medicine, Jena University Hospital, An der Alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ann Nitzsche
- Department of Orthodontics, Center of Dental Medicine, Jena University Hospital, An der Alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Albert Stemmler
- Department of Orthodontics, Center of Dental Medicine, Jena University Hospital, An der Alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Knuth Tränckner
- Praxis of Orthodontics Dr. Knuth Tränckner, Schenckendorfstraße 1, 07318 Saalfeld, Germany
| | - Nicola Kühn
- Praxis of Orthodontics Nicola Kühn, Alexander-Puschkin-Platz 3, 99510 Apolda, Germany
| | - Thomas Lehmann
- Institute of Medical Statistics, Computer Science and Data Sciences, University of Jena, Bachstraße 18, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Collin Jacobs
- Department of Orthodontics, Center of Dental Medicine, Jena University Hospital, An der Alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
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Levrini L, Persano R, Piantanida S, Carganico A, Deppieri A, Naboni G, Mastrapasqua RF, Saran S. The Effects of the Myobrace ® System on Peripheral Blood Oxygen Saturation (SpO 2) in Patients with Mixed Dentition with Oral Dysfunction. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:191. [PMID: 37623287 PMCID: PMC10453079 DOI: 10.3390/dj11080191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Myobrace® is an orthodontic device that has the purpose of correcting oral dysfunctions, thus predisposing the physiological growth of the jaws, aligning teeth, and optimizing face development. This device is usually associated with Myobrace® Activities to reach this target. Considering the lack of studies in the literature about peripheral blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) and the use of preformed oral devices, the aim of this study is to quantify the change in blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) in patients treated with the Myobrace® System in mixed dentition. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, 23 children (11 females and 12 males) were involved, who were affected by different oral dysfunctions and were treated with a Myobrace®. Blood oxygen saturation measurements were taken at baseline and after every four months for a year. The SpO2 measurements were taken in the rest position and with a closed mouth for a total of 12 min-6 min with and 6 min without the Myobrace® oral device. All data points were anonymized and recorded on an Excel spreadsheet. A statistical analysis was carried out. RESULTS Therapy with a Myobrace® in patients with mixed dentition resulted in a statistically significant increase in oxygen saturation. In particular, in patients with a closed mouth, a statistically significant increase in oxygen saturation was observed, bringing it from 97.66% to 99.00%, while in the rest position, the increase was from 98.03% to 99.07%. CONCLUSIONS The use of Myobrace® devices in patients with mixed dentition could lead to a significant improvement in blood oxygen saturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Levrini
- Department of Human Sciences, Innovation and Territory, School of Dentistry, Postgraduate of Orthodontics, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (R.P.); (S.P.); (A.C.); (A.D.); (G.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Roberta Persano
- Department of Human Sciences, Innovation and Territory, School of Dentistry, Postgraduate of Orthodontics, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (R.P.); (S.P.); (A.C.); (A.D.); (G.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Sofia Piantanida
- Department of Human Sciences, Innovation and Territory, School of Dentistry, Postgraduate of Orthodontics, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (R.P.); (S.P.); (A.C.); (A.D.); (G.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Andrea Carganico
- Department of Human Sciences, Innovation and Territory, School of Dentistry, Postgraduate of Orthodontics, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (R.P.); (S.P.); (A.C.); (A.D.); (G.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Alessandro Deppieri
- Department of Human Sciences, Innovation and Territory, School of Dentistry, Postgraduate of Orthodontics, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (R.P.); (S.P.); (A.C.); (A.D.); (G.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Giulia Naboni
- Department of Human Sciences, Innovation and Territory, School of Dentistry, Postgraduate of Orthodontics, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (R.P.); (S.P.); (A.C.); (A.D.); (G.N.); (S.S.)
| | | | - Stefano Saran
- Department of Human Sciences, Innovation and Territory, School of Dentistry, Postgraduate of Orthodontics, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (R.P.); (S.P.); (A.C.); (A.D.); (G.N.); (S.S.)
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Ledesma-Peraza O, Sánchez-Tito M. Comparison of the posterior teeth angulations in orthodontic patients with different facial growth patterns. J Clin Exp Dent 2023; 15:e629-e634. [PMID: 37674598 PMCID: PMC10478195 DOI: 10.4317/jced.60657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dental relationships can be affected according to the pattern of facial growth. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the angulations of posterior teeth in patients with different patterns of facial growth. Material and Methods A total of 412 lateral head radiographs were included. The facial skeletal growth pattern was evaluated with the Björk-Jarabak analysis. For the angular measurements of the posterior teeth, the apex-cusp inclination of the premolars and the long axes of the molars were considered, with respect to the occlusal, palatal and mandibular plane. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to evaluate the intra-examiner concordance. One way ANOVA was used to compare the values between the patterns of facial growth. A significance level was set at 0.05. Results A high intra-examiner correlation was observed (0.75). Subjects with horizontal and normal growth presented significantly different angulations for the first and second premolars in relation to the palatal plane than the vertical growth (p<0.05). Subjects with horizontal growth pattern showed greater angulation of the teeth with respect to the occlusal plane than the other groups (p<0.05). The angulations of all mandibular teeth related to the mandibular plane were significantly higher for the group with horizontal growth (p<0.05). Conclusions The first and second premolars presented greater angulations in subjects with horizontal and normal growth than in those with vertical growth. The angulations of all mandibular teeth were significantly higher in the horizontal growth according to the mandibular plane. Key words:Facial growth pattern, posterior tooth, occlusal plane, palatal plane, mandibular plane.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco Sánchez-Tito
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Privada de Tacna, Tacna, Peru
- Specialist in Orthodontics and Maxillary Orthopedics; MSc of Scientific Research and Innovation, PhD in Stomatology
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Feldens CA, Petracco LB, Nascimento GG, Li H, Vítolo MR, Peres KG. Breastfeeding Protects from Overjet in Adolescence by Reducing Pacifier Use: A Birth Cohort Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:3403. [PMID: 37571340 PMCID: PMC10421320 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased dental overjet in adolescence is a clinically relevant outcome associated with the complexity and high cost of treatment, indicating the need for prevention strategies. We investigated the long-term impact of breastfeeding and pacifier use on increased overjet (IOVJ) in permanent dentition. A prospective cohort nested in a randomized controlled trial was conducted from birth to 12 years of age (n = 214). Breastfeeding and pacifier use were recorded monthly until 12 months. Overjet was assessed at age 12 years. We employed a causal mediation analysis using parametric regression models assuming no interaction between breastfeeding and pacifier usage. We found a total protective effect of breastfeeding on IOVJ (OR 0.49; 95% CI 0.28-0.96), where 63.1% were mediated by pacifier use (OR 0.61; 95% CI 0.44-0.87). Breastfeeding directly decreased the odds of IOVJ by 20%; however, the confidence interval included the null estimate (OR 0.81; 95% CI 0.41-1.60). In conclusion, breastfeeding protects by half of the IOVJ in adolescence through reducing pacifier use. Oral and general health professionals should collaborate to support WHO breastfeeding guidelines during individual patient counseling. Guidelines for practice, policy or public information require messages that include a common risk approach to oral and general health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Alberto Feldens
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Univesidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas 92425-020, Brazil; (C.A.F.); (L.B.P.)
| | - Laura Boianovsky Petracco
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Univesidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas 92425-020, Brazil; (C.A.F.); (L.B.P.)
| | - Gustavo G. Nascimento
- National Dental Research Institute Singapore, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore 168938, Singapore; (G.G.N.); (H.L.)
- Oral Health Academic Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Huihua Li
- National Dental Research Institute Singapore, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore 168938, Singapore; (G.G.N.); (H.L.)
- Oral Health Academic Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Márcia Regina Vítolo
- Graduate Program in Pediatrics—Child and Adolescent Health Care, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil;
| | - Karen Glazer Peres
- National Dental Research Institute Singapore, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore 168938, Singapore; (G.G.N.); (H.L.)
- Oral Health Academic Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
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Curto A, Albaladejo A, Alvarado-Lorenzo A, Zubizarreta-Macho Á, Curto D. Cross-Bite and Oral-Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) in Preadolescents Aged 11 to 14 Years Old: A Pilot Case-Control Study. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1311. [PMID: 37628310 PMCID: PMC10453585 DOI: 10.3390/children10081311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Malocclusions have a negative impact on oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Posterior cross-bite is one of the most prevalent malocclusions in the preadolescent population. This study investigated the influence of posterior cross-bites (unilateral or bilateral) on OHRQoL in an 11- to 14-year-old population. MATERIALS AND METHODS A pilot case-control study was carried out at the Dental Clinic of the University of Salamanca between 2021 and 2023. A consecutive sample of 120 preadolescent patients aged 11 to 14 years old was recruited. Three groups were analyzed: a control group (no posterior cross-bite) (n = 40), a group with unilateral posterior cross-bite (n = 40), and a group with bilateral posterior cross-bite (n = 40). To analyze the OHRQoL, the Spanish version of the Child Perception Questionnaire (CPQ-Esp11-14) was used. RESULTS The mean age of the sample was 12.2 years old (±0.96 years). The group of patients with a bilateral posterior cross-bite was shown to have higher scores in all dimensions of the CPQ-Esp11-14, as well as a higher total score. Sex only influenced the oral symptom dimension of the CPQ-Esp11-14 questionnaire; in this dimension, the girls described a greater impact. Age did not influence OHRQoL. CONCLUSION The presence of a posterior cross-bite had a negative impact on OHRQoL in the preadolescent population that was studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Curto
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Alfonso X El Sabio Avenue s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.A.); (A.A.-L.); (Á.Z.-M.)
| | - Alberto Albaladejo
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Alfonso X El Sabio Avenue s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.A.); (A.A.-L.); (Á.Z.-M.)
| | - Alfonso Alvarado-Lorenzo
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Alfonso X El Sabio Avenue s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.A.); (A.A.-L.); (Á.Z.-M.)
| | - Álvaro Zubizarreta-Macho
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Alfonso X El Sabio Avenue s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.A.); (A.A.-L.); (Á.Z.-M.)
| | - Daniel Curto
- Department of Pathology, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Córdoba Avenue s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain;
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Lin L, Chen W, Zhong D, Cai X, Chen J, Huang F. Prevalence and Associated Factors of Malocclusion among Preschool Children in Huizhou, China: A Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1050. [PMID: 37046977 PMCID: PMC10094330 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11071050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This survey examined the prevalence of malocclusion and its associated factors in 3- to 5-year-old children in Huizhou, China. Children were recruited from 21 kindergartens using a multistage sampling method. Two examiners performed oral examinations on the children, assessing occlusal traits, including primary molar and canine relationship, overjet, crossbite, overbite, anterior open bite, scissor bite, midline deviation, crowding, and spacing. Caries experience was recorded. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to collect background information and oral health-related habits. Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test, and binary logistic regression were conducted. The study invited 1485 children and eventually recruited 1454 (52.9% boys; response rate: 97.9%). The prevalence of malocclusion was 68.3%, and deep overbite was found in 48.6% of the children. Children who had lip-biting habits had a higher prevalence of deep overbite than those who did not (OR = 2.36, p < 0.05). Children who had digit-sucking habits and dental caries in anterior maxillary teeth had a lower prevalence of deep overbite than those who did not (OR = 0.73 and 0.70, respectively, p < 0.05). In conclusion, over half of the children in Huizhou who participated in the study had malocclusion. Dental caries in anterior maxillary teeth, digit-sucking, and lip-biting were the associated factors of deep overbite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lude Lin
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wanting Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Dejun Zhong
- Huizhou Second Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Huizhou 516001, China
| | - Xiayuan Cai
- Huizhou Second Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Huizhou 516001, China
| | - Jieyi Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Fang Huang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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13
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Barbosa DF, Bana LF, Michel MCB, Meira E Cruz M, Zancanella E, Machado Júnior AJ. Rapid maxillary expansion in pediatric patients with obstructive sleep apnea: an umbrella review. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2023; 89:494-502. [PMID: 36894478 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2023.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare polysomnographic parameters with others from the literature in order to provide more accurate information about Rapid Maxillary Expansion (RME) for treating Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) in children, through raising the question: Is RME a good option for treating OSA in children? Prevention of mouth breathing during children's growth remains a challenge with significant clinical consequences. In addition, OSA induces anatomofunctional changes during the critical period of craniofacial growth and development. METHODS The Medline, PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, SciELO and Scopus electronic databases were searched up to February 2021 for systematic reviews with meta-analysis in the English language. Among 40 studies on RME for treating OSA in children, we selected seven in which polysomnographic measurements of the Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) had been made. Data were extracted and examined in order to clarify whether any consistent evidence exists for indicating RME as a treatment for OSA in children. RESULTS We found no consistent evidence favoring RME for long-term treatment of OSA in children. All the studies presented considerable heterogeneity due to variability of age and length of follow-up. CONCLUSION Through this umbrella review, the need for methodologically better studies on RME is supported. Moreover, it can be considered that RME is not recommended for treating OSA in children. Further studies and more evidence identifying early signs of OSA are necessary in order to achieve consistent healthcare practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Fernandes Barbosa
- Universidade de Campinas (UNICAMP), Departamento de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Laura Fernandes Bana
- Universidade de Campinas (FOP-UNICAMP), Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Morfologia, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Miguel Meira E Cruz
- Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Unidade de Sono, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Edilson Zancanella
- Universidade de Campinas (UNICAMP), Departamento de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Almiro José Machado Júnior
- Universidade de Campinas (UNICAMP), Departamento de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Tahmasebi E, Mohammadi M, Alam M, Abbasi K, Gharibian Bajestani S, Khanmohammad R, Haseli M, Yazdanian M, Esmaeili Fard Barzegar P, Tebyaniyan H. The current regenerative medicine approaches of craniofacial diseases: A narrative review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1112378. [PMID: 36926524 PMCID: PMC10011176 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1112378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Craniofacial deformities (CFDs) develop following oncological resection, trauma, or congenital disorders. Trauma is one of the top five causes of death globally, with rates varying from country to country. They result in a non-healing composite tissue wound as they degenerate in soft or hard tissues. Approximately one-third of oral diseases are caused by gum disease. Due to the complexity of anatomical structures in the region and the variety of tissue-specific requirements, CFD treatments present many challenges. Many treatment methods for CFDs are available today, such as drugs, regenerative medicine (RM), surgery, and tissue engineering. Functional restoration of a tissue or an organ after trauma or other chronic diseases is the focus of this emerging field of science. The materials and methodologies used in craniofacial reconstruction have significantly improved in the last few years. A facial fracture requires bone preservation as much as possible, so tiny fragments are removed initially. It is possible to replace bone marrow stem cells with oral stem cells for CFDs due to their excellent potential for bone formation. This review article discusses regenerative approaches for different types of craniofacial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Tahmasebi
- Research Center for Prevention of Oral and Dental Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mohammadi
- School of Dentistry, Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Alam
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamyar Abbasi
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Gharibian Bajestani
- Student Research Committee, Dentistry Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Dental School, Shahid Behesti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rojin Khanmohammad
- Student Research Committee, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Mohsen Haseli
- Student Research Committee, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Mohsen Yazdanian
- Research Center for Prevention of Oral and Dental Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hamid Tebyaniyan
- Department of Science and Research, Islimic Azade University, Tehran, Iran
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Carbajal-Rodriguez G, Langer ME, Yaya-Beas M, Liñán-Durán C, Lagravère M, Gianoni-Capenakas S. Effects of rapid maxillary expansion on head and cervical posture in growing patients: A systematic review. Int Orthod 2022; 20:100658. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2022.100658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Roosevelt-Silva B, Gustavo-Chab P, Fernando-Pedrin-Carvalho F, José-Roberto-Magalhães B, Guilherme J, Raquel-Conceição F. Contextual and Individual Determinants of Anterior Open Bite in Adolescents. Int Dent J 2022; 73:128-135. [PMID: 35931560 PMCID: PMC9875233 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studying the broader determinants of anterior open bite (AOB) may guide more equitable policies.This study estimates the prevalence of AOB in Brazilian adolescents and its association with contextual and individual determinants. METHODOLOGY The data for dentofacial anomalies in 15- to 19-year-olds from the National Oral Health Survey SBBrasil 2010 were analysed (N = 4748). AOB was based on the Dental Aesthetic Index (AOB = 0; AOB > 0); the contextual variables were the Human Development Index (HDI) and the Gini Index (2010). The individual sociodemographic variables included sex (male, female), self-reported skin colour/race (white, black, brown, and indigenous + yellow), family income (≥4 minimum wage [MW]; 0-3 MW), and educational attainment (ideal, delayed). The individual clinical variables were decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) (0, ≥1), first permanent molar loss (0, ≤3, 4), and molar relationship (normal, half cusp, full cusp). Multilevel logistic regression models with random intercepts and fixed slopes were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (95% CIs). RESULTS AOB prevalence in Brazil was 8.78% (95% CI, 6.85-11.20) at 15 to 19 years of age. The lowest prevalence was in São Luis (2.63%; 95% CI, 0.58-11.03) and the highest was in João Pessoa (29.85%; 95% CI, 15.93-48.85), both capitals of the northeast Brazilian region. A higher prevalence of AOB (OR, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.04-2.80) was observed in municipalities with a lower HDI. Adolescents who declared their skin colour black, with lower family income, with delayed education, with DMFT ≥ 1, who lost 4 permanent first molars, and who had a complete molar cusp relationship were more likely to have AOB. CONCLUSIONS AOB varied amongst Brazilian municipalities. The HDI plays an important role in the prevalence of AOB; individual social determinants have also been associated with AOB malocclusion in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastos Roosevelt-Silva
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Bauru, São Paulo, Brasil,Corresponding author. Alameda Doutor Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP, Brasil, 17012-901.
| | - Pistelli Gustavo-Chab
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Bauru, São Paulo, Brasil
| | | | | | - Janson Guilherme
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Bauru, São Paulo, Brasil
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Aiyar A, Shimada A, Svensson P. Assessment of masticatory efficiency based on glucose concentration in orthodontic patients - a methodological study. J Oral Rehabil 2022; 49:954-960. [PMID: 35899420 PMCID: PMC9542905 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Treatment for malocclusion can cause discomfort and pain in the teeth and periodontium, which may impair masticatory efficiency. The glucose concentration method is widely used to assess masticatory efficiency for its convenience in the clinical situation, although its validity has not been shown. OBJECTIVE The aims were to determine the validity of the glucose concentration method and investigate if this method can be applicable to orthodontic patients with braces. DESIGN Sixteen healthy individuals (7 men, 9 women, and 26±5 years old) and 16 patients with malocclusions needing orthodontic treatment (5 men, 11 women, and 26±4 years old) participated. Glucose concentration was measured after 5-, 10-, and 15-s mastication of gummy jelly and compared to Hue values obtained from the color-changing gum method (reference method). In addition, all participants were asked to fill out the Oral Health Impact Profile questionnaire (OHIP) to assess differences in perception related to the mouth before and after the placement of braces. RESULTS Glucose concentrations were strongly correlated to measures of the two-color chewing gum methods (R2 =0.965). Both the glucose extraction and chewing gum hue value were the smallest for 5 s chewing cycles and increased as the number of chewing strokes increased for the 15 s chewing cycles. (Hue: R2 = 0.510, P < 0.001; glucose: R2 = 0.711, P < 0.001) Masticatory efficiency assessed by both methods was significantly lower in orthodontic patients compared to controls (P<0.05), even though it was not affected by bonding (P>0.09). In addition, OHIP scores in physical pain dimension and psychological disability were higher in orthodontic patients than in the control group (P<0.005). CONCLUSION Measurement of glucose concentration was confirmed as a reliable and convenient method for assessing masticatory efficiency. Furthermore, it appears that this method is applicable to patients with braces whose perception in the oral cavity could change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akila Aiyar
- Section for Orthodontics, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Akiko Shimada
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University.,Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Osaka Dental University, Japan
| | - Peter Svensson
- Section for Orofacial Pain and Jaw function, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Denmark.,Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Sweden.,Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences (SCON)
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Craniofacial Sleep Medicine: The Important Role of Dental Providers in Detecting and Treating Sleep Disordered Breathing in Children. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9071057. [PMID: 35884041 PMCID: PMC9323037 DOI: 10.3390/children9071057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a clinical disorder within the spectrum of sleep-related breathing disorders (SRDB) which is used to describe abnormal breathing during sleep resulting in gas exchange abnormalities and/or sleep disruption. OSA is a highly prevalent disorder with associated sequelae across multiple physical domains, overlapping with other chronic diseases, affecting development in children as well as increased health care utilization. More precise and personalized approaches are required to treat the complex constellation of symptoms with its associated comorbidities since not all children are cured by surgery (removal of the adenoids and tonsils). Given that dentists manage the teeth throughout the lifespan and have an important understanding of the anatomy and physiology involved with the airway from a dental perspective, it seems reasonable that better understanding and management from their field will give the opportunity to provide better integrated and optimized outcomes for children affected by OSA. With the emergence of therapies such as mandibular advancement devices and maxillary expansion, etc., dentists can be involved in providing care for OSA along with sleep medicine doctors. Furthermore, the evolving role of myofunctional therapy may also be indicated as adjunctive therapy in the management of children with OSA. The objective of this article is to discuss the important role of dentists and the collaborative approach between dentists, allied dental professionals such as myofunctional therapists, and sleep medicine specialists for identifying and managing children with OSA. Prevention and anticipatory guidance will also be addressed.
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Granja GL, Bernardino VMM, Lima LCMD, Araújo LJSD, Arruda MJALLA, Ferreira FM, Paiva SM, Granville-Garcia AF. Orofacial dysfunction, nonnutritive sucking habits, and dental caries influence malocclusion in children aged 8-10 years. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2022; 162:502-509. [PMID: 35791996 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2021.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Malocclusion is one of the most prevalent oral health problems and can affect self-esteem, social relations, and oral health-related quality of life. The present study aimed to evaluate associations between malocclusion and orofacial dysfunction, nonnutritive sucking habits, cavitated carious lesions, and anxiety in Brazilian children. METHODS An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted with a representative sample of 739 children aged 8-10 years. Parents or guardians provided sociodemographic data and information on the nonnutritive sucking habits of the children. The children answered the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale. Four trained examiners examined the children for the diagnosis of malocclusion (dental aesthetic index), dental caries (International Caries Detection and Assessment System), and orofacial dysfunction (Nordic Orofacial Test-Screening). The control variables were selected using a directed acyclic graph. Descriptive statistics were performed, followed by unadjusted and adjusted robust logistic regression analysis (P <0.05). RESULTS The following variables remained associated with the occurrence of malocclusion in the final model: nonnutritive sucking habits (odds ratio [OR], 2.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.25-4.08), orofacial dysfunction (OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.13-2.17), and cavitated carious lesion (OR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.03-1.89). CONCLUSIONS Nonnutritive sucking habits, orofacial dysfunction, and cavitated carious lesions were associated with the presence of malocclusion in children aged 8-10 years.
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Malocclusion in children with speech sound disorders and motor speech involvement: a cross-sectional clinical study in Swedish children. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2022; 23:619-628. [PMID: 35776286 PMCID: PMC9338153 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-022-00728-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to investigate the occurrence, types and severity of malocclusions in children with speech sound disorder (SSD) persisting after 6 years of age, and to compare these findings to a control group of children with typical speech development (TSD). METHODS In total, 105 children were included: 61 with SSD and motor speech involvement (mean age 8:5 ± 2:8 years; range 6:0-16:7 years, 14 girls and 47 boys) and 44 children with TSD (mean age 8:8 ± 1:6; range 6:0-12:2 years, 19 girls and 25 boys). Extra-oral and intra-oral examinations were performed by an orthodontist. The severity of malocclusion was scored using the IOTN-DHC Index. RESULTS There were differences between the SSD and TSD groups with regard to the prevalence, type, and severity of malocclusions; 61% of the children in the SSD group had a malocclusion, as compared to 29% in the TSD group. In addition, the malocclusions in the SSD group were rated as more severe. Functional posterior crossbite and habitual lateral and/or anterior shift appeared more frequently in the SSD group. Class III malocclusion, anterior open bite and scissors bite were found only in the SSD group. CONCLUSION Children with SSD and motor speech involvement are more likely to have a higher prevalence of and more severe malocclusions than children with TSD.
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Mogren Å, Sand A, Havner C, Sjögreen L, Westerlund A, Agholme MB, Mcallister A. Children and adolescents with speech sound disorders are more likely to have orofacial dysfunction and malocclusion. Clin Exp Dent Res 2022; 8:1130-1141. [PMID: 35723352 PMCID: PMC9562821 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Children with speech sound disorders (SSD) form a heterogeneous group that differs in terms of underlying cause and severity of speech difficulties. Orofacial dysfunction and malocclusions have been reported in children with SSD. However, the association is not fully explored. Objectives Our aims were to describe differences in orofacial function and malocclusion between a group of children and adolescents with compared to without SSD and to explore associations between those parameters among the group with SSD. Methods A total of 105 participants were included, 61 children with SSD (6.0–16.7 years, mean age 8.5 ± 2.8, 14 girls and 47 boys) and 44 children with typical speech development (TSD) (6.0–12.2 years, mean age 8.8 ± 1.6, 19 girls and 25 boys). Assessments of orofacial function included an orofacial screening test and assessment of bite force, jaw stability, chewing efficiency, and intraoral sensory‐motor function. Possible malocclusions were also assessed. Result Children with SSD had both poorer orofacial function and a greater prevalence of malocclusion than children with TSD. Furthermore, children with SSD and poorer orofacial function had a greater risk of malocclusion. Conclusion Our result suggests that children with SSD are more prone to having poorer orofacial function and malocclusion than children with TSD. This illustrates the importance of assessing coexisting orofacial characteristics in children with SSD, especially since orofacial dysfunction may be linked to an increased risk of malocclusion. This result highlights the need for a multiprofessional approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Åsa Mogren
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Division of Speech and Language Pathology Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Public Dental Service Mun‐H‐Center, Orofacial Resource Centre for Rare Diseases Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Anders Sand
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Division of Speech and Language Pathology Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Christina Havner
- Public Dental Service Mun‐H‐Center, Orofacial Resource Centre for Rare Diseases Gothenburg Sweden
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy Gothenburg University Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Lotta Sjögreen
- Public Dental Service Mun‐H‐Center, Orofacial Resource Centre for Rare Diseases Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Anna Westerlund
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy Gothenburg University Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Monica Barr Agholme
- Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Anita Mcallister
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Division of Speech and Language Pathology Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Medical Unit Speech and Language Pathology, Women's Health and Allied Health Professionals Theme Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
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22
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Co-Sleeping as a Protector against Malocclusion in the Primary Dentition: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11092338. [PMID: 35566464 PMCID: PMC9103865 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11092338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mothers practice co-sleeping and breastfeeding simultaneously, for convenience and to strengthen bonding. Due to the scarcity of studies analyzing the impact of co-sleeping on primary dentition, this study aimed to analyze the possible effects of co-sleeping on children’s occlusion. In this cross-sectional study, mothers of 221 children aged 2−5 years who had been breastfed for less than 6 months completed a questionnaire about non-nutritive sucking habits. The WHO (World Health Organization) and IOTN-AC indices (the Aesthetic Component of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need) were used to assess malocclusion. The type of sagittal (dental and skeletal), transverse and vertical malocclusion was recorded. The non-co-sleeping group showed significantly higher pacifier use (p < 0.05), digital sucking (p < 0.05) and atypical swallowing (p < 0.05) habits. The non-co-sleeping group showed significantly higher mean scores on the IOTN-AC (p < 0.05) and WHO (p < 0.01), a significantly higher presence of canine class II (p < 0.05), anterior open bite (p < 0.05), posterior crossbite (p < 0.05), overbite (p < 0.05), skeletal class II (p < 0.01) and protrusion (p < 0.05). In conclusion, children who practice co-sleeping appear to have a lower frequency and duration of non-nutritive sucking habits. Co-sleeping may contribute to a lower development of malocclusions in children who are weaned early (before six months of age).
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Comparative Study of Malocclusions between Cancer Patients and Healthy Peers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19074045. [PMID: 35409726 PMCID: PMC8997965 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background. There is lack of data related to dental occlusion among children cured from cancer. The aim of our study was to compare the prevalence of malocclusion in cancer survivors and in healthy peers. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 225 children aged between 4 and 18 years, including 75 cancer survivors, and 150 sex and age-matched controls. All patients were orthodontically examined and malocclusion traits were recorded. In the cancer group, 75 panoramic radiographs were used to evaluate the prevalence of dental anomalies and dental age using the Demirjian scale. Data were analyzed by univariate statistical analysis with p-values p < 0.05 considered as statistically significant. Results. Malocclusion was found in 49 (65.33%) cancer survivors and 99 (65.56%) controls (p > 0.05). The cancer group demonstrated significantly higher likelihood of crossbite (p < 0.01) and malalignment of teeth (p = 0.031). The healthy controls were more likely to demonstrate open bite (p = 0.038). Cancer patients with posterior crossbite (p = 0.023) or dental malalignment had a more advanced dental age (p = 0.022). Survivors with crossbite had more teeth with short roots (p = 0.016). Those who were older when they started their cancer therapy were more likely to suffer from tooth disturbances (p = 0.019). Conclusion. Oncological treatment can alter the development of occlusion in cancer patients.
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Pałka J, Gawda J, Byś A, Zawadka M, Gawda P. Assessment of Growth Changes in the Width of Dental Arches Caused by Removable Appliances over a Period of 10 Months in Children with Malocclusion. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063442. [PMID: 35329130 PMCID: PMC8950693 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: A large number of patients of orthodontic clinics are diagnosed with improper jaw relationships. Intraoral scanners have become an important part of orthodontic practice and provide an opportunity to measure the changes in the width of dental arches. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the impact of removable appliances used over a 10-month period on growth changes in children with narrowed jaw dimensions. (2) Methods: Twenty four patients were included in the study (a study group—patients, treated with removable appliances in the upper dental arch for a minimum of 10 months; a control group—patients with no craniofacial abnormalities and who did not require orthodontic treatment). A panoramic radiograph and digital intraoral scan were taken, followed by palatal width measurements in Ortho-CAD before treatment, and after a period of 10 months of treatment with removable appliances. (3) Results: After a period of 10 months of the treatment, the study group had a statistically significantly greater mean change in the anterior width of the upper dental arch than the control group. (4) Conclusions: The use of removable appliances in children with narrowed maxillary transverse dimension contributes to offsetting growth changes in comparison to children with normal occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Pałka
- Interdisciplinary Scientific Group of Sports Medicine, Department of Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Joanna Gawda
- Orthodontic Medical Center Orto-Optymist, 20-632 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Byś
- Department of Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.Z.); (P.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-81448-6760
| | - Magdalena Zawadka
- Department of Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.Z.); (P.G.)
| | - Piotr Gawda
- Department of Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.Z.); (P.G.)
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Shapira IL. Moving toward a unified approach to TMD, airway, and full body posture. Cranio 2022; 40:95-96. [PMID: 35234578 DOI: 10.1080/08869634.2022.2031167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Ugolini A, Agostino P, Silvestrini-Biavati A, Harrison JE, Batista KB. Orthodontic treatment for posterior crossbites. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021; 12:CD000979. [PMID: 34951927 PMCID: PMC8709729 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd000979.pub3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A posterior crossbite occurs when the top back teeth bite inside the bottom back teeth. The prevalence of posterior crossbite is around 4% and 17% of children and adolescents in Europe and America, respectively. Several treatments have been recommended to correct this problem, which is related to such dental issues as tooth attrition, abnormal development of the jaws, joint problems, and imbalanced facial appearance. Treatments involve expanding the upper jaw with an orthodontic appliance, which can be fixed (e.g. quad-helix) or removable (e.g. expansion plate). This is the third update of a Cochrane review first published in 2001. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of different orthodontic treatments for posterior crossbites. SEARCH METHODS Cochrane Oral Health's Information Specialist searched four bibliographic databases up to 8 April 2021 and used additional search methods to identify published, unpublished and ongoing studies. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of orthodontic treatment for posterior crossbites in children and adults. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors, independently and in duplicate, screened the results of the electronic searches, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies. A third review author participated to resolve disagreements. We used risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to summarise dichotomous data (event), unless there were zero values in trial arms, in which case we used odds ratios (ORs). We used mean differences (MD) with 95% CIs to summarise continuous data. We performed meta-analyses using fixed-effect models. We used the GRADE approach to assess the certainty of the evidence for the main outcomes. MAIN RESULTS We included 31 studies that randomised approximately 1410 participants. Eight studies were at low risk of bias, 15 were at high risk of bias, and eight were unclear. Intervention versus observation For children (age 7 to 11 years), quad-helix was beneficial for posterior crossbite correction compared to observation (OR 50.59, 95% CI 26.77 to 95.60; 3 studies, 149 participants; high-certainty evidence) and resulted in higher final inter-molar distances (MD 4.71 mm, 95% CI 4.31 to 5.10; 3 studies, 146 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). For children, expansion plates were also beneficial for posterior crossbite correction compared to observation (OR 25.26, 95% CI 13.08 to 48.77; 3 studies, 148 participants; high-certainty evidence) and resulted in higher final inter-molar distances (MD 3.30 mm, 95% CI 2.88 to 3.73; 3 studies, 145 participants, 3 studies; moderate-certainty evidence). In addition, expansion plates resulted in higher inter-canine distances (MD 2.59 mm, 95% CI 2.18 to 3.01; 3 studies, 145 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). The use of Hyrax is probably effective for correcting posterior crossbite compared to observation (OR 48.02, 95% CI 21.58 to 106.87; 93 participants, 3 studies; moderate-certainty evidence). Two of the studies focused on adolescents (age 12 to 16 years) and found that Hyrax increased the inter-molar distance compared with observation (MD 5.80, 95% CI 5.15 to 6.45; 2 studies, 72 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). Intervention A versus intervention B When comparing quad-helix with expansion plates in children, quad-helix was more effective for posterior crossbite correction (RR 1.29, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.46; 3 studies, 151 participants; moderate-certainty evidence), final inter-molar distance (MD 1.48 mm, 95% CI 0.91 mm to 2.04 mm; 3 studies, 151 participants; high-certainty evidence), inter-canine distance (0.59 mm higher (95% CI 0.09 mm to 1.08 mm; 3 studies, 151 participants; low-certainty evidence) and length of treatment (MD -3.15 months, 95% CI -4.04 to -2.25; 3 studies, 148 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). There was no evidence of a difference between Hyrax and Haas for posterior crossbite correction (RR 1.05, 95% CI 0.94 to 1.18; 3 studies, 83 participants; moderate-certainty evidence) or inter-molar distance (MD -0.15 mm, 95% CI -0.86 mm to 0.56 mm; 2 studies of adolescents, 46 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). There was no evidence of a difference between Hyrax and tooth-bone-borne expansion for crossbite correction (RR 1.02, 95% CI 0.92 to 1.12; I² = 0%; 3 studies, 120 participants; low-certainty evidence) or inter-molar distance (MD -0.66 mm, 95% CI -1.36 mm to 0.04 mm; I² = 0%; 2 studies, 65 participants; low-certainty evidence). There was no evidence of a difference between Hyrax with bone-borne expansion for posterior crossbite correction (RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.94 to 1.07; I² = 0%; 2 studies of adolescents, 81 participants; low-certainty evidence) or inter-molar distance (MD -0.14 mm, 95% CI -0.85 mm to 0.57 mm; I² = 0%; 2 studies, 81 participants; low-certainty evidence). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: For children in the early mixed dentition stage (age 7 to 11 years old), quad-helix and expansion plates are more beneficial than no treatment for correcting posterior crossbites. Expansion plates also increase the inter-canine distance. Quad-helix is more effective than expansion plates for correcting posterior crossbite and increasing inter-molar distance. Treatment duration is shorter with quad-helix than expansion plates. For adolescents in permanent dentition (age 12 to 16 years old), Hyrax and Haas are similar for posterior crossbite correction and increasing the inter-molar distance. The remaining evidence was insufficient to draw any robust conclusions for the efficacy of posterior crossbite correction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Ugolini
- Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Agostino
- Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Jayne E Harrison
- Orthodontic Department, Liverpool University Dental Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - Klaus Bsl Batista
- Department of Preventive and Public Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Gou Y, Ungvijanpunya N, Chen L, Zeng Y, Ye H, Cao L. Clear aligner VS fixed self-ligating appliances: Orthodontic emergency during 2020 COVID-19 pandemic. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2021; 161:e400-e406. [PMID: 35058102 PMCID: PMC8687756 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2021.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The aim was to investigate the type, incidence, and degree of orthodontic-related emergencies in orthodontic patients during the 2020 coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and compare the different effects of clear aligner (CA) and fixed self-ligating appliances on the orthodontic emergency. Methods The questionnaire was based on emergencies in orthodontics. The responses of 428 patients between the ages of 12 and 38 years (20.4 ± 7.03) in orthodontic treatment during 2020 were examined. Results The gender, age, and the type of orthodontic appliance affect the incidence of orthodontic-related emergencies. Female or adolescent patients treated by self-ligating appliances showed a higher incidence of emergencies. The patients treated by CA exhibited a much lower incidence of emergency. Appliance detachment and mucosa injury were very common in respondents, whereas accidental ingestion and other rare emergencies were less common. The most common reason leading to appliance detachment was chewing hard food. Interestingly, the fixed self-ligating appliances group was also affected by the accidental detachment of appliances to a large extent. The CA and self-ligating groups showed an almost equal incidence of accidental ingestion. The most common foreign body was elastics in both groups. However, the self-ligating group could accidentally ingest dangerous foreign bodies, such as archwires, miniscrews, and welded attachments. Conclusions Orthodontic-related emergencies were very common in patients. The CA could effectively reduce orthodontic-related emergencies. Dentists should raise patients’ awareness of proper appliance care. A proper and standard protocol should be developed.
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Freitas HV, Alves CMC, Silva LFGE, Pereira ALP, Hugo FN, Thomaz EBAF. Alterations of oral functions and dental malocclusions in adolescents: a cross-sectional population-based study. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2021; 26:5261-5272. [PMID: 34787217 DOI: 10.1590/1413-812320212611.3.07992020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This article aims to assess whether alterations of oral functions (AOF) are associated with malocclusion (MO)'s type and severity. Cross-sectional study of a representative sample of 332 adolescents aged 12 years in São Luís-MA, Northeastern Brazil. MO criteria included Angle's classification, Dental Aesthetic Index, and other morphological problems. The AOF were evaluated by breathing, phonation, chewing, and swallowing. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated using logistic and multinomial regression analyses (α=5%). Mouth breathing was associated with defined (OR=3.84; 95%CI=1.45-10.12), disabling (OR=4.34; 95%CI=1.99-9.49), and class III (OR=4.15; 95%CI=1.19-14.54) MO. Phonation problems were associated with defined (OR=2.01; 95%CI=1.02-4.39), disabling (OR=3.04; 95%CI=1.55-5.96), and Class II (OR=2.02; 95%CI=1.28-3.18) MO. Chewing disorders were associated with posterior crossbite (PCB) (OR=2.32; 95%CI=1.12-4.82). Swallowing disorders were associated with Class III MO (OR=5.66; 95%CI=1.35-23.71), PCB (OR=6.13; 95%CI=2.76-13.62), and posterior open bite (OR=4.53; 95%CI=1.72-8.92). Breathing and phonation alterations are associated with MO in anterior arch segments, while chewing and swallowing disorders, in the posterior segments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heloiza Viana Freitas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão. Av. Dos Portugueses 1966, Bacanga. 65080-805 São Luís MA Brasil.
| | - Cláudia Maria Coelho Alves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão. Av. Dos Portugueses 1966, Bacanga. 65080-805 São Luís MA Brasil.
| | | | - Alex Luiz Pozzobon Pereira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão. Av. Dos Portugueses 1966, Bacanga. 65080-805 São Luís MA Brasil.
| | - Fernando Neves Hugo
- Departamento de Odontologia Preventiva e Social, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre RS Brasil
| | - Erika Barbara Abreu Fonseca Thomaz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão. Av. Dos Portugueses 1966, Bacanga. 65080-805 São Luís MA Brasil.
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Guo R, Hama Y, Hosoda A, Kubota C, Minakuchi S. Age and sex differences in oral functions from junior high school to young adulthood: A cross-sectional study. J Oral Rehabil 2021; 48:1373-1379. [PMID: 34480807 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As oral function requires maintenance throughout life, it needs to be understood across age groups; however, few studies have investigated this in young individuals. OBJECTIVES To clarify age and sex differences in maximum occlusal force, maximum tongue pressure and tongue-lip motor function; and the relationship among these oral functions in junior high school students and young adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study investigated oral functions in students aged 12-13 years, 14-15 years old and 16-17 years old (S1, S2 and S3), and young adults aged 20-40 years (YA). We analysed age group differences in each sex and sex differences in each age group. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed for each sex using the maximum occlusal force as the dependent variable to investigate the associations among different oral functions. RESULTS In 522 children and 100 young adults, there were significant increases in oral functions with age in males and a significant decrease in maximum tongue pressure between S2 and S3 in females. Maximum occlusal force and tongue pressure were higher in males than in females in S3 and YA; tongue-lip motor function was higher in females than in males in S1. In multiple linear regression analysis, tongue-lip motor function and age group were significant factors in both sexes and in males, respectively. CONCLUSION Maximum occlusal force, maximum tongue pressure and tongue-lip motor function increased with increasing age groups in males. Our findings provide a basis for assessing oral function across age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyan Guo
- Department of Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yohei Hama
- Department of Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akemi Hosoda
- Division of Medical Nutrition, Faculty of Healthcare, Tokyo Healthcare University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chieko Kubota
- Major of Oral Health Sciences, Department of Health Sciences, Saitama Prefectural University, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Minakuchi
- Department of Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Matsuda Y, Okui T, Karino M, Aoi N, Okuma S, Hayashida K, Sakamoto T, Kanno T. Postoperative oral dysfunction following oral cancer resection and reconstruction: A preliminary cross-sectional study. Oral Oncol 2021; 121:105468. [PMID: 34314945 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2021.105468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oral cancer treatment reportedly causes decreased oral function, but few studies have examined the effects of oral cancer treatment on oral function in depth. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the oral function after treatment and classify the conditions related to oral dysfunction in patients with oral cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS We recruited participants, collected their background data, and evaluated their oral function from September 2019 to March 2021. Principal component analysis was used to identify the components of oral function measurement and oral health perception. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to investigate the accuracy of oral function measurements in predicting oral intake and nutritional status. RESULTS Fifty patients treated for oral cancer, including 33 (66.0%) males and 17 (34.0%) females, were included. Their median age was 71.0 years (interquartile range: 63.0-76.0). There were significant differences in oral dryness between males and females, occlusal force among different age groups, tongue pressure based on the tumor stage and performance of reconstructive procedures, and masticatory function and Eating Assessment Tool scores based on whether radiotherapy was performed (P < 0.05). The principal component analysis proposed that oral function measurements and subjective oral health perception could be divided into three main components (transport, oral hygiene, and occlusion type), which explain 61.5% of the variance of the phenomenon. CONCLUSION A significant decrease in oral function after oral cancer treatment should be diagnosed as postoperative oral dysfunction. Postoperative oral dysfunction can be classified into three types, each of which may present with different pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhei Matsuda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane, Japan.
| | - Tatsuo Okui
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | - Masaaki Karino
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | - Noriaki Aoi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | - Satoe Okuma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | - Kenji Hayashida
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shimane University Hospital, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | - Tatsunori Sakamoto
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kanno
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
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Ruf S, Proff P, Lisson J. [Health relevance of malocclusions and their treatment]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2021; 64:918-923. [PMID: 34236450 PMCID: PMC8316184 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-021-03372-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Zahn- und Kieferfehlstellungen gehören zu den häufigsten Mundgesundheitsbeeinträchtigungen beim Menschen. Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt eine Übersicht zu deren Ursachen, Häufigkeit und Folgen. Er zeigt die präventiven und kurativen Möglichkeiten kieferorthopädischer Behandlungen auf und gibt Informationen zu deren rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen in Deutschland. Inanspruchnahme und Qualität der kieferorthopädischen Versorgung werden im internationalen Vergleich dargestellt. Bei den Ursachen für Zahn- und Kieferfehlstellungen spielen genetische, epigenetische, funktionelle und umweltbedingte Faktoren eine Rolle, die individuell meist nicht eindeutig feststellbar sind. Bisher zeigen nur kleinere Querschnittsstudien, dass bis zu 80 % der Kinder in Deutschland betroffen sind. Essen, Trinken, Kauen, Sprechen und Atmen können beeinträchtigt sein, die Neigung zu Parodontalerkrankungen sowie Überlastungsschäden von Kiefergelenk und Kaumuskulatur sind erhöht. Bei einer Proklination der oberen Schneidezähne steigt die Gefahr von Frontzahntraumata. Fehlstellungen können zudem negative psychosoziale Folgen oder Einschränkungen der Lebensqualität zur Folge haben. Kieferorthopädische Behandlungen leisten in Kooperation mit anderen (zahn-)medizinischen Fachdisziplinen einen wichtigen präventiven bzw. kurativen Beitrag zur Verbesserung der Mundgesundheit, der Allgemeingesundheit und der Lebensqualität. Die Kieferorthopädie bietet ein erhebliches Potenzial für die Stärkung der zahnärztlichen Prävention im Gesundheitswesen, zumal die gesetzliche Krankenversicherung (GKV) eine breitflächige Versorgung der Bevölkerung mit kieferorthopädischen Leistungen auf international anerkanntem, hohem Niveau ermöglicht. Um die Prävention weiter zu verbessern, wird die Einführung eines kieferorthopädischen Screenings im 7.–8. Lebensjahr als systematische Vorsorge empfohlen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Ruf
- Poliklinik für Kieferorthopädie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Schlangenzahl 14, 35392, Gießen, Deutschland.
| | - Peter Proff
- Poliklinik für Kieferorthopädie, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Deutschland
| | - Jörg Lisson
- Klinik für Kieferorthopädie, Universität des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar, Deutschland
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Kerbrat A, Schouman T, Decressain D, Rouch P, Attali V. Interaction between posture and maxillomandibular deformity: a systematic review. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021; 51:104-112. [PMID: 34120792 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Maxillomandibular deformity (MMD) and body posture appear to be correlated. However, no systematic literature review of the available evidence to support this correlation has been performed to date. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic literature review on posture and MMD. This systematic literature review was registered in the PROSPERO database. Systematic searches of the MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were performed. In total, 13 clinical studies were included. Nine found a significant association between MMD and body posture or body balance: two studies showed a correlation between increased cervical lordosis and skeletal class III MMD, two studies showed an interaction between mandibular deviation and scoliosis, four studies demonstrated a significant association between lumbar column and pelvis anatomy and MMD, and one study found a correlation between displacement of the centre of mass and MMD. However, the level of evidence is low; the methods used to evaluate body posture and MMD were inconsistent. Orthognathic surgery could modify body posture. Although there seems to be an interaction between body posture and facial deformity, the number of studies is too small and the level of evidence too low to strongly support this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kerbrat
- Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale, Sorbonne Université, APHP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Paris, France.
| | - T Schouman
- Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale, Sorbonne Université, APHP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Paris, France
| | - D Decressain
- Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale, Sorbonne Université, APHP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - P Rouch
- Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Paris, France
| | - V Attali
- Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Paris, France; Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire APHP - Sorbonne Université, site Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service des Pathologies du Sommeil (Département R3S), Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMRS1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique, Paris, France
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Thijs Z, Bruneel L, De Pauw G, Van Lierde KM. Oral Myofunctional and Articulation Disorders in Children with Malocclusions: A Systematic Review. Folia Phoniatr Logop 2021; 74:1-16. [PMID: 34107494 DOI: 10.1159/000516414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relationships between malocclusion and orofacial myofunctional disorders (OMD), as well as malocclusions and articulation disorders (AD) have been described, though the exact relationships remain unclear. Given the high prevalence of these disorders in children, more clarity is needed. SUMMARY The purpose of this study was to determine the association between OMD (specifically, bruxism, deviate swallowing, caudal resting tongue posture, and biting habits), AD, and malocclusions in children and adolescents aged between 3 and 18 years. To conduct a systematic review, 4 databases were searched (MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus). The identified articles were screened for the eligibility criteria. Data were extracted from the selected articles and quality assessment was performed using the tool of Munn et al. [Int J Health Policy Manag. 2014;3:123-81] in consensus. Using the search strategy, the authors identified 2,652 articles after the removal of duplicates. After reviewing the eligibility criteria, 17 articles were included in this study. One of the included articles was deemed to have an unclear risk of bias, whereas all other articles were considered to have a low risk of bias. The articles showed a relationship between anterior open bite and apico-alveolar articulatory distortions, as well as between anterior open bite and deviate swallowing. For the biting habits, bruxism, and low tongue position no clear conclusions could be drawn. Key Messages: The current review suggests a link between specific types of malocclusion and OMD and AD. However, more high-quality evidence (level 1 and level 2, Oxford Levels of Evidence) is needed to clarify the cooccurrence of other OMD, AD, and malocclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoë Thijs
- Davies School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Laura Bruneel
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guy De Pauw
- Department of Orthodontics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Centre for Congenital Facial Anomalies, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kristiane M Van Lierde
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Speech-Language and Audiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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Takizawa H, Takahashi M, Maki K. Three-Dimensional Assessment of Craniofacial Features in Patients With Down Syndrome During the Mixed Dentition Period: A Case-Control Study. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2021; 59:177-184. [PMID: 33685243 DOI: 10.1177/1055665621998181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Down syndrome (DS) is a common congenital chromosomal disorder related to trisomy 21. Lateral cephalometric radiography studies have shown that patients with DS have characteristic craniofacial morphology; however, no 3-dimensional analysis studies have been performed to investigate the craniofacial features, including volumetric aspects, of patients with DS. The present study was performed to evaluate the craniofacial features, including volumetric aspects, of patients with DS and to compare these findings with control participants using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS The study sample consisted of 12 patients with DS and 12 control participants. All participants were examined by means of CBCT; the resulting images were used for evaluation of maxillary and mandibular volume, cranial base, and craniofacial measurements. Differences between patients with DS and control participants were statistically analyzed using Student t test. RESULTS Compared to control participants, patients with DS exhibited statistically significant reductions in maxillary and mandibular volumes. Both sagittal and axial cranial base linear measurements were shorter in patients with DS than in control participants. In contrast, the cranial base angle was enhanced in patients with DS, compared with control participants. Moreover, condylion (Co)-gnathion, anterior nasal spine-menton, and Co-subspinale (point A) measurements were shorter in patients with DS than in control participants; the sella-nasion-mandibular plane angle was significantly reduced in patients with DS, compared with control participants. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that patients with DS have distinct skeletal volume and craniofacial morphology features, relative to individuals without DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideomi Takizawa
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takahashi
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koutaro Maki
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
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Zaghi S, Shamtoob S, Peterson C, Christianson L, Valcu-Pinkerton S, Peeran Z, Fung B, Kwok-Keung Ng D, Jagomagi T, Archambault N, O'Connor B, Winslow K, Lano M, Murdock J, Morrissey L, Yoon A. Assessment of posterior tongue mobility using lingual-palatal suction: Progress towards a functional definition of ankyloglossia. J Oral Rehabil 2021; 48:692-700. [PMID: 33386612 PMCID: PMC8247966 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background A functional definition of ankyloglossia has been based on assessment of tongue mobility using the tongue range of motion ratio (TRMR) with the tongue tip extended towards the incisive papilla (TIP). Whereas this measurement has been helpful in assessing for variations in the mobility of the anterior one‐third of the tongue (tongue tip and apex), it may be insufficient to adequately assess the mobility of the posterior two‐thirds body of the tongue. A commonly used modification is to assess TRMR while the tongue is held in suction against the roof of the mouth in lingual‐palatal suction (LPS). Objective This study aims to explore the utility and normative values of TRMR‐LPS as an adjunct to functional assessment of tongue mobility using TRMR‐TIP. Study Design Cross‐sectional cohort study of 611 subjects (ages: 3‐83 years) from the general population. Methods Measurements of tongue mobility using TRMR were performed with TIP and LPS functional movements. Objective TRMR measurements were compared with subjective self‐assessment of resting tongue position, ease or difficulty elevating the tongue tip to the palate, and ease or difficulty elevating the tongue body to the palate. Results There was a statistically significant association between the objective measures of TRMR‐TIP and TRMR‐LPS and subjective reports of tongue mobility. LPS measurements were much more highly correlated with differences in elevating the posterior body of the tongue as compared to TIP measurements (R2 0.31 vs 0.05, P < .0001). Conclusions This study validates the TRMR‐LPS as a useful functional metric for assessment of posterior tongue mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Zahra Peeran
- The Breathe Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Happy Kids Dental Planet, Agoura Hills, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Triin Jagomagi
- Institute of Dentistry and Unimed United Clinics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | | | | | - Miche' Lano
- South County Pediatric Speech, Mission Viejo, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Audrey Yoon
- Division of Growth and Development, Section of Pediatric Dentistry, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Gobbis ML, Borges BLA, Tramonti KA, Silva CLD, Nagae MH. Influence of mentalis muscle relaxation on oronasal breathing. REVISTA CEFAC 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1982-0216/20212327520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Purpose: to investigate the existence of changes in the electromyographic patterns of the mentalis and inferior orbicularis oris muscles in oronasal breathers, submitted to massage therapy on the mentalis muscle. Methods: a controlled blind placebo experiment, with a sample of 19 oronasal breathers (1 man and 18 women), mean age (standard deviation) 22.3 (2.63) years, randomly divided into control and experimental groups, respectively with 7 and 12 volunteers. The experimental group alone underwent myotherapy with massages for 3 months, while electromyographic data were collected from both groups at the beginning and end of the treatment, both at rest and when swallowing water. The analysis of variance was conducted to test the existence of differences between the means; the 5% significance level was used. Results: the analysis of variance revealed signs of interaction between the group and phase effects when analyzing the root mean square values of both the inferior orbicularis oris and the mentalis muscles. As expected, no signs of significant differences were found between the means of the phases in the control group. On the other hand, signs of significant difference were found in the experimental group, with reduced root mean square values in both muscles. The inferior orbicularis oris muscle, which in the pre-phase had a mean (standard deviation) of 202.10 (161.47) µV, had, in the post-phase, values of 131.49 (159.18) µV. The mentalis muscle, in its turn, had in the pre- and post-phase, respectively, a mean (standard deviation) of 199.31 (279.77) µV and 114.58 (253.56) µV. Conclusion: given that no effect was detected in the control group, the decrease in the root mean square values of the mentalis and inferior orbicularis oris muscles in oronasal breathers was attributed to the massage therapy on the mentalis muscle.
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Kuroda T. Evidence-based individualized orthodontic treatment: The future of orthodontics? J World Fed Orthod 2020; 9:139-145. [PMID: 33277221 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejwf.2020.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The term "Evidence-based Orthodontic Treatment" is often used in orthodontic clinical and research publications to validate a particular therapeutic approach. The most pertinent questions regarding this is - what is the actual "evidence" for what we do as orthodontists? and where does it come from? Development of knowledge in the areas of molecular biology, craniofacial growth and development, histological tissue reaction, and dental materials, as well as the improved use of statistics have supported the current theoretical basis for orthodontic treatment. As a result, there has been increase in development of technical procedures for patient care. However, it is necessary to have "Scientific Proof" if we use the word "Evidence." Looking to the future, we need to focus on individual patient variables by better monitoring differences in the biological and psycho-social backgrounds among patients. In future, clinicians performing orthodontic treatment planning will need to cultivate an "individualized diagnostic eye," based on improved understanding of patient characteristics with genome analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Kuroda
- WFO Honorary Member, Professor Emeritus, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yokohama, Japan.
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Ghaheri BA, Tylor DA, Zaghi S. Lacking Consensus: The Management of Ankyloglossia in Children. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2020; 163:1064. [DOI: 10.1177/0194599820937299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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CAMCI H. Relationship of Forehead Aesthetics with Frontal Sinus Size and Skeletal Malocclusions. CUMHURIYET DENTAL JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.7126/cumudj.777128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Garcia Rincon LJ, Alencar GP, Cardoso MA, Narvai PC, Frazão P. Effect of birth weight and nutritional status on transverse maxillary growth: Implications for maternal and infant health. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228375. [PMID: 31999780 PMCID: PMC6992174 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We analyzed the association between birthweight, nutritional status and transverse maxillary growth in 7- to 9-year-old schoolchildren. We undertook a cross-sectional survey nested in a population-based cohort study of 158 schoolchildren. The participants lived in the urban area of a small town within the Western Brazilian Amazon. The outcome was represented by the upper intermolar distance given in millimeters (mm), as an indicator of the degree of maxillary bone growth in its transverse dimension. The exposures were sex, birthweight, the bottle-feeding pattern operationalized by a scale corresponding to the age of introduction of the bottle and Body Mass Index-for-age z-score (BAZ) at 4 to 6 ys. Path analysis was employed to estimate standardized direct, indirect and total effects of exposures on the outcome using structural equations model (SEM) supported by Mplus 7 program. The values of standardized coefficients (SC) showed significant direct positive effects of sex (SC = 0.203; p = 0.006), birth weight (SC = 0.155; p = 0.030) and BAZ (SC = 0.165; p = 0.014) on transverse maxillary growth. The indirect effects (SC = 0.057; p = 0.012) and the total effect (SC = 0.261; p<0.001) of sex on the outcome were statistically significant. The indirect effects of birth weight on the outcome were not significant (SC = 0.018; p = 0.488), however, the total effect was significant (SC = 0.174; p = 0.011). In conclusion, sex, birthweight, bottle beginning age and BAZ showed association with the transverse growth of the maxillary bone. In addition to contributing to an adequate birth weight of the child, policies and programs that favor prenatal care and conditions to guarantee a full-term birth can positively affect transverse growth of the maxilla. From a Public Health Surveillance point of view, children with reduced birthweight, inadequate breastfeeding pattern and nutritional deficit for age may be more likely to develop atrophy of the jaws which, depending on the severity, may result in malocclusion with an important impact on quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Jackeline Garcia Rincon
- Department of Politics, Management and Health, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Marly Augusto Cardoso
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Capel Narvai
- Department of Politics, Management and Health, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Frazão
- Department of Politics, Management and Health, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Abstract
This narrative review surveys current research demonstrating how oral dysfunction can escalate into malocclusion, acquired craniofacial disorder and contribute to generational dysfunction, disorder and disease. INTRODUCTION Baseline orthodontic consultations are generally recommended beginning age seven. However, the dysmorphic changes that result in malocclusion are often evident years earlier. Similarly, following orthodontic treatment, patients require permanent retention when the bite is not stable, and without such retention, the malocclusion can return. SETTING AND POPULATION Narrative review article including research on infants, children and adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS This review is a brief survey of the symptomology of orofacial myofunctional disorder and outlines 10 areas of oral function that impact occlusal and facial development: breastfeeding, airway obstruction, soft tissue restriction, mouth breathing, oral resting posture, oral habits, swallowing, chewing, the impact of orofacial myofunctional disorder (OMD) over time and maternal oral dysfunction on the developing foetus. CONCLUSION Malocclusions and their acquired craniofacial dysmorphology are the result of chronic oral dysfunction and OMD. In order to achieve long-term stability of the face, it is critical to understand the underlying pathologies contributing to malocclusion, open bite and hard palate collapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda D'Onofrio
- Oregon Health and Sciences University School of Dentistry, Portland, Oregon
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