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Zhang S, Liu Y, Ma Z, Gao S, Chen L, Zhong H, Zhang C, Li T, Chen W, Zhang Y, Lin N. Osteoking promotes bone formation and bone defect repair through ZBP1-STAT1-PKR-MLKL-mediated necroptosis. Chin Med 2024; 19:13. [PMID: 38238785 PMCID: PMC10797925 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00883-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoking has been used for fracture therapy with a satisfying clinical efficacy. However, its therapeutic properties and the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. METHOD A bone defect rat model was established to evaluate the pharmacological effects of Osteoking by the dynamic observation of X-ray, micro-CT and histopathologic examination. Transcriptome profiling was performed to identify bone defect-related genes and Osteoking effective targets. Then, a "disease-related gene-drug target" interaction network was constructed and a list of key network targets were screened, which were experimentally verified. RESULTS Osteoking effectively promoted bone defect repair in rats by accelerating the repair of cortical bone and the growth of trabeculae. Histopathologically, the bone defect rats displayed lower histopathologic scores in cortical bone, cancellous bone and bone connection than normal controls. In contrast, Osteoking exerted a favorable effect with a dose-dependent manner. The abnormal serum levels of bone turnover markers, bone growth factors and bone metabolism-related biochemical indexes in bone defect rats were also reversed by Osteoking treatment. Following the transcriptome-based network investigation, we hypothesized that osteoking might attenuate the levels of ZBP1-STAT1-PKR-MLKL-mediated necroptosis involved into bone defect. Experimentally, the expression levels of ZBP1, STAT1, PKR and the hallmark inflammatory cytokines for the end of necroptosis were distinctly elevated in bone defect rats, but were all effectively reversed by Osteoking treatment, which were also suppressed the activities of RIPK1, RIPK3 and MLKL in bone tissue supernatants. CONCLUSIONS Osteoking may promote bone formation and bone defect repair by regulating ZBP1-STAT1-PKR axis, leading to inhibit RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL activation-mediated necroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suya Zhang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Airport Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510405, China
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yudong Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Zhaochen Ma
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Shuangrong Gao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Honggang Zhong
- BioMechanics Lab, Wang Jing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Chu Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Tao Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Weiheng Chen
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 51 Anwai Xiaoguanjie, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yanqiong Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Na Lin
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Airport Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing, 100700, China.
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Kou Y, Jiang Y, Liu S, Yang P, Lu Y, Liu H, Li M. Regulatory T cells showed characteristics of T helper-17(Th17) cells in mice periodontitis model. Oral Dis 2023; 29:1149-1162. [PMID: 34741371 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to clarify the regulatory role of Th17-Treg balance in periodontitis and further reveal Treg plasticity. MATERIALS AND METHODS An experimental periodontitis model was established by ligation and injection of Pg-LPS. Inflammatory factors were measured by ELISA and RT-PCR. Alveolar bone absorption was evaluated by micro-CT and histomorphology. Quantities of Treg and Th17 cell and their related gene expression were examined. Furthermore, after magnetic bead-sorting spleen Treg cells, Treg/Th17 characteristic genes were explored. Immunofluorescence double staining of Foxp3 and IL-17 was conducted to further reveal Treg plasticity. RESULTS Inflammatory cytokines in serum and gingival tissue increased significantly in periodontitis, which revealed obvious crestal bone loss. Further analysis showed that the number of Th17 cells and expression of related genes increased more significantly than Treg cells, demonstrating Treg-Th17 imbalance. Flow cytometry showed that the proportions of Treg cells in the blood and spleen were lower in periodontitis group. Furthermore, Foxp3 was downregulated, and Rorc/ IL-17A were increased in Treg cells of periodontitis group. Immunofluorescence double staining showed significantly increased number of IL-17+Foxp3+ cells in periodontitis. CONCLUSIONS These results provided evidence that Treg cells showed characteristics of Th17 cells in mice with periodontitis, although its mechanisms require further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Kou
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yujun Jiang
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Panpan Yang
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yupu Lu
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hongrui Liu
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Minqi Li
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Gao R, Zhang W, Jiang Y, Zhai J, Yu J, Liu H, Li M. Eldecalcitol effectively prevents alveolar bone loss by partially improving Th17/Treg cell balance in diabetes-associated periodontitis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1070117. [PMID: 36815882 PMCID: PMC9936814 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1070117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Diabetes-associated periodontitis (DPD) is an inflammatory and destructive disease of periodontal tissues in the diabetic population. The disease is manifested as more severe periodontal destruction and is more difficult to treat when compared with periodontitis (PD). Eldecalcitol (ELD) is a novel active vitamin D3 analog; however, little clinical evidence is available on its role on improving PD and DPD, and its specific mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we evaluated the preventative effects of ELD toward PD and DPD and explored its underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods: Experimental PD and DPD mouse models were established by ligation combined with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Porphyromonas gingivalis injection in C57BL/6J and C57BLKS/J Iar- + Leprdb/+Leprdb (db/db) mice, respectively. Simultaneously, ELD (0.25 μg/kg) was orally administered to mice via an intragastric method. Micro-computed tomography (CT), hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining were used to evaluate alveolar bone alterations in vivo. Flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were also used to examine gene expression and probe systemic and local changes in Treg and Th17 cell numbers. Additionally, western blotting and immunofluorescence staining were used to examine changes in STAT3/STAT5 signaling. Results: Micro-CT and HE staining showed that the DPD group had higher alveolar bone loss when compared with the PD group. After applying ELD, alveolar bone loss decreased significantly in both PD and DPD groups, and particularly evident in the DPD group. IHC and TRAP staining also showed that ELD promoted osteoblast activity while inhibiting the number of osteoclasts, and after ELD treatment, the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) to osteoprotegerin (OPG) ratio decreased. More importantly, this decreasing trend was more obvious in the DPD group. Flow cytometry and qRT-PCR also showed that the systemic Th17/Treg imbalance in PD and DPD groups was partially resolved when animals were supplemented with ELD, while immunofluorescence staining and qRT-PCR data showed the Th17/Treg imbalance was partially resolved in the alveolar bone of both ELD supplemented groups. Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining showed increased p-STAT5 and decreased p-STAT3 levels after ELD application. Conclusion: ELD exerted preventative effects toward PD and DPD by partially rectifying Th17/Treg cell imbalance via STAT3/STAT5 signaling. More importantly, given the severity of DPD, we found ELD was more advantageous in preventing DPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihan Gao
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, China,Center of Osteoporosis and Bone Mineral Research, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, China,Center of Osteoporosis and Bone Mineral Research, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yujun Jiang
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, China,Center of Osteoporosis and Bone Mineral Research, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Junzhe Zhai
- Center of Osteoporosis and Bone Mineral Research, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jian Yu
- Department of Radiology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China,*Correspondence: Jian Yu, ; Hongrui Liu,
| | - Hongrui Liu
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, China,Center of Osteoporosis and Bone Mineral Research, Shandong University, Jinan, China,*Correspondence: Jian Yu, ; Hongrui Liu,
| | - Minqi Li
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, China,Center of Osteoporosis and Bone Mineral Research, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Kuo CH, Zhang BH, Huang SE, Hsu JH, Wang YH, Nguyen TTN, Lai CH, Yeh JL. Xanthine Derivative KMUP-1 Attenuates Experimental Periodontitis by Reducing Osteoclast Differentiation and Inflammation. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:821492. [PMID: 35571109 PMCID: PMC9097136 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.821492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of gum that may predispose to serious systemic complications such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Activation of macrophages and osteoclasts around periodontal tissue can accelerate gum inflammation. In addition, alteration of cyclic nucleotide levels is associated with the severity of periodontitis. Our previous study has shown that KMUP-1, a xanthine derivative exhibiting phosphodiesterase inhibition and soluble guanylyl cyclase activation, can inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis. This study was aimed to investigate whether KMUP-1 could attenuate periodontitis both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, the protective effect of KMUP-1 on inflammation and osteoclastogenesis was investigated in RANKL-primed RAW264.7 cells treated by Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS (PgLPS). The results showed that KMUP-1 attenuated PgLPS-induced osteoclast differentiation as demonstrated by decreased TRAP-positive multinuclear cells and TRAP activity. This reduction of osteoclast differentiation by KMUP-1 was reversed by KT5823, a protein kinase G inhibitor. Similarly, pro-inflammatory cytokine levels induced by PgLPS were inhibited by KMUP-1 in a dose-dependent manner whereas reversed by KT5823. Mechanistically, suppression of MAPKs, PI3K/Akt, and NF-κB signaling pathways and decrease of c-Fos and NFATc1 expression in osteoclast precursors by KMUP-1 may mediate its protective effect. In vivo, two models of periodontitis in rats were induced by gingival injections of PgLPS and ligature placement around molar teeth, respectively. Our results showed that KMUP-1 inhibited alveolar bone loss in both rat models, and this effect mediated at least partly by reduced osteoclastogenesis. In conclusion, our study demonstrated the therapeutic potential of KMUP-1 on periodontitis through suppression of inflammation and osteoclast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hsiang Kuo
- International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ban-Hua Zhang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shang-En Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Hau Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Hsiung Wang
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Thi Tuyet Ngan Nguyen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Han Lai
- Cardiovascular Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Jwu-Lai Yeh
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Jwu-Lai Yeh,
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5
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Jiang Y, Yang P, Li C, Lu Y, Kou Y, Liu H, Guo J, Li M. Periostin regulates LPS-induced apoptosis via Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in periodontal ligament fibroblasts. Oral Dis 2022. [PMID: 35298860 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Periostin is important for the maintenance of periodontal tissue, but its role in periodontitis is controversial. This research investigated the effect of periostin in periodontitis and the underlying mechanism. DESIGN Mouse periodontitis models in vivo and inflammation model in vitro which were induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide were established to evaluate periostin expression. Human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLFs) were treated with lipopolysaccharide and N-acetylcysteine, fluorescence staining, flow cytometry, western blot, and qRT-PCR were used to detect reactive oxygen species (ROS), periostin expression, and apoptosis-related makers. The periostin gene was successfully transfected into PDLFs to verify the effect of periostin on apoptosis. Then, the Nrf2 inhibitor was added to clarify the mechanism. RESULTS Periostin expression decreased in the periodontal ligaments of mouse periodontitis models and lipopolysaccharide-induced PDLFs. Lipopolysaccharide promoted the activation of ROS and apoptosis in PDLFs, whereas N-acetylcysteine reversed this condition. Overexpression of periostin suppressed apoptosis of PDLFs and reversed the inhibitory effect of lipopolysaccharide on nuclear Nrf2 expression. Moreover, the Nrf2 inhibitor attenuated the protective effect of periostin on lipopolysaccharide-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Lipopolysaccharide induced apoptosis in PDLFs by inhibiting periostin expression and thus Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, indicating that periostin could be a potential therapeutic target for periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Jiang
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, 250012, Shandong, China.,Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, 250012, Shandong, China.,Center of Osteoporosis and Bone Mineral Research, Shandong University, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Panpan Yang
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, 250012, Shandong, China.,Center of Osteoporosis and Bone Mineral Research, Shandong University, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Congshan Li
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, 250012, Shandong, China.,Center of Osteoporosis and Bone Mineral Research, Shandong University, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yupu Lu
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, 250012, Shandong, China.,Center of Osteoporosis and Bone Mineral Research, Shandong University, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yuying Kou
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, 250012, Shandong, China.,Center of Osteoporosis and Bone Mineral Research, Shandong University, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Hongrui Liu
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, 250012, Shandong, China.,Center of Osteoporosis and Bone Mineral Research, Shandong University, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Guo
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, 250012, Shandong, China.,Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, 250012, Shandong, China.,Center of Osteoporosis and Bone Mineral Research, Shandong University, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Minqi Li
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, 250012, Shandong, China.,Center of Osteoporosis and Bone Mineral Research, Shandong University, 250012, Shandong, China
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Tenshin H, Teramachi J, Ashtar M, Hiasa M, Inoue Y, Oda A, Tanimoto K, Shimizu S, Higa Y, Harada T, Oura M, Sogabe K, Hara T, Sumitani R, Maruhashi T, Sebe M, Tsutsumi R, Sakaue H, Endo I, Matsumoto T, Tanaka E, Abe M. TGF‐β‐activated kinase‐1 inhibitor LL‐Z1640‐2 reduces joint inflammation and bone destruction in mouse models of rheumatoid arthritis by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome, TACE, TNF‐α and RANKL expression. Clin Transl Immunology 2022; 11:e1371. [PMID: 35079379 PMCID: PMC8770968 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Tenshin
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Jumpei Teramachi
- Department of Oral Function and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama University Okayama Japan
| | - Mohannad Ashtar
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Masahiro Hiasa
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Yusuke Inoue
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Asuka Oda
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Kotaro Tanimoto
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - So Shimizu
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Yoshiki Higa
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Takeshi Harada
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Masahiro Oura
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Kimiko Sogabe
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Tomoyo Hara
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Ryohei Sumitani
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Tomoko Maruhashi
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Mayu Sebe
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Rie Tsutsumi
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sakaue
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Itsuro Endo
- Department of Bioregulatory Sciences Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Toshio Matsumoto
- Fujii Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences Tokushima University Tokushima Japan
| | - Eiji Tanaka
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
| | - Masahiro Abe
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Japan
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7
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Smyth R, Sun J. Protein Kinase R in Bacterial Infections: Friend or Foe? Front Immunol 2021; 12:702142. [PMID: 34305942 PMCID: PMC8297547 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.702142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The global antimicrobial resistance crisis poses a significant threat to humankind in the coming decades. Challenges associated with the development of novel antibiotics underscore the urgent need to develop alternative treatment strategies to combat bacterial infections. Host-directed therapy is a promising new therapeutic strategy that aims to boost the host immune response to bacteria rather than target the pathogen itself, thereby circumventing the development of antibiotic resistance. However, host-directed therapy depends on the identification of druggable host targets or proteins with key functions in antibacterial defense. Protein Kinase R (PKR) is a well-characterized human kinase with established roles in cancer, metabolic disorders, neurodegeneration, and antiviral defense. However, its role in antibacterial defense has been surprisingly underappreciated. Although the canonical role of PKR is to inhibit protein translation during viral infection, this kinase senses and responds to multiple types of cellular stress by regulating cell-signaling pathways involved in inflammation, cell death, and autophagy - mechanisms that are all critical for a protective host response against bacterial pathogens. Indeed, there is accumulating evidence to demonstrate that PKR contributes significantly to the immune response to a variety of bacterial pathogens. Importantly, there are existing pharmacological modulators of PKR that are well-tolerated in animals, indicating that PKR is a feasible target for host-directed therapy. In this review, we provide an overview of immune cell functions regulated by PKR and summarize the current knowledge on the role and functions of PKR in bacterial infections. We also review the non-canonical activators of PKR and speculate on the potential mechanisms that trigger activation of PKR during bacterial infection. Finally, we provide an overview of existing pharmacological modulators of PKR that could be explored as novel treatment strategies for bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Smyth
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jim Sun
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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YTHDF2 mediates LPS-induced osteoclastogenesis and inflammatory response via the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Cell Signal 2021; 85:110060. [PMID: 34089814 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant elevation of osteoclast differentiation and function is responsible for disrupting bone homeostasis in various inflammatory bone diseases. YTH domain family 2 (YTHDF2) is a well-known m6A-binding protein that plays an essential role in regulating cell differentiation and inflammatory processes by mediating mRNA degradation. However, the regulatory role of YTHDF2 in inflammatory osteoclast differentiation remains unelucidated. Here, we detected the expression of m6A-related genes and found that YTHDF2 was upregulated in RANKL-primed osteoclast precursors stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Ythdf2 knockdown in RAW264.7 cells and primary bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) enhanced osteoclast formation and bone resorption, which was assessed by TRAP staining assay and pit formation assay. Ythdf2 depletion upregulated osteoclast-related gene expression and proinflammatory cytokine secretion. In contrast, overexpression of Ythdf2 produced the reverse effect. Furthermore, Ythdf2 knockdown enhanced the phosphorylation of IKKα/β, IκBα, ERK, P38 and JNK. NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathway inhibitors effectively abrogated the enhanced expression of Nfact1, c-Fos, IL-1β and TNF-α caused by Ythdf2 knockdown. Mechanistically, the mRNA stability assay revealed that Ythdf2 depletion led to stabilization of Tnfrsf11a, Traf6, Map4k4, Map2k3, Map2k4 and Nfatc1 mRNA. In summary, our findings demonstrated that YTHDF2 has a negative regulatory role in LPS-induced osteoclast differentiation and the inflammatory response via the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.
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9
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Huang L, Wu H, Wu Y, Song F, Zhang L, Li Z, Sun H, Huang C. Pcsk9 Knockout Aggravated Experimental Apical Periodontitis via LDLR. J Dent Res 2021; 101:83-92. [PMID: 34036816 DOI: 10.1177/00220345211015128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Apical periodontitis (AP), an inflammatory lesion around the apex of tooth roots, is mostly caused by dental pulp infection. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) plays a vital role in regulating cholesterol homeostasis by targeting low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and participates in bacterium-induced chronic periodontitis. However, the roles of PCSK9 in AP are unknown. Here, we investigated its role in AP by using Pcsk9-/- mice. Micro-computed tomography scanning and histological staining revealed that the periapical bone loss of Pcsk9-/- mice was greater than that of wild-type (WT) mice, and increased expression of inflammation-related factors tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-6 was also observed. Immunofluorescence staining and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction showed PCSK9 expression in bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) was increased after treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). This finding was consistent with the in vivo results that the expression level of PCSK9 in exposed WT mice increased compared with that in unexposed WT mice. After LPS challenge, the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in BMMs were increased, and Pcsk9 knockout aggravated the expression of these inflammatory factors. The number of osteoclasts positive for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining around the apical lesion in Pcsk9-/- mice was higher than that in WT mice. Then BMMs underwent the osteoclast differentiation. Pcsk9 knockout BMMs induced increased and larger osteoclasts. While this effect of Pcsk9 knockout was abolished by the addition of Ldlr small interfering RNA, revealing that Pcsk9 knockout increased osteoclastogenesis was dependent on the LDLR. Immunohistochemistry staining showed increased expression level of LDLR in exposed Pcsk9-/- periapical areas. In vitro experiments showed that LPS promoted the expression level of LDLR in Pcsk9-/- BMMs and increased osteoclast formation ability, indicating that LPS promoted the elevation of osteoclasteogenesis caused by the Pcsk9 knockout. In conclusion, Pcsk9 deficiency aggravated the inflammatory response and promoted the osteoclastogenesis in an LDLR-dependent manner in AP experimental mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Huang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - H Wu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Y Wu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - F Song
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - L Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Z Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - H Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - C Huang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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10
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Mendez ME, Sebastian A, Murugesh DK, Hum NR, McCool JL, Hsia AW, Christiansen BA, Loots GG. LPS-Induced Inflammation Prior to Injury Exacerbates the Development of Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis in Mice. J Bone Miner Res 2020; 35:2229-2241. [PMID: 32564401 PMCID: PMC7689775 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating and painful disease characterized by the progressive loss of articular cartilage. Post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) is an injury-induced type of OA that persists in an asymptomatic phase for years before it becomes diagnosed in ~50% of injured individuals. Although PTOA is not classified as an inflammatory disease, it has been suggested that inflammation could be a major driver of PTOA development. Here we examined whether a state of systemic inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration 5-days before injury would modulate PTOA outcomes. RNA-seq analysis at 1-day post-injury followed by micro-computed tomography (μCT) and histology characterization at 6 weeks post-injury revealed that LPS administration causes more severe PTOA phenotypes. These phenotypes included significantly higher loss of cartilage and subchondral bone volume. Gene expression analysis showed that LPS alone induced a large cohort of inflammatory genes previously shown to be elevated in synovial M1 macrophages of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, suggesting that systemic LPS produces synovitis. This synovitis was sufficient to promote PTOA in MRL/MpJ mice, a strain previously shown to be resistant to PTOA. The synovium of LPS-treated injured joints displayed an increase in cellularity, and immunohistological examination confirmed that this increase was in part attributable to an elevation in type 1 macrophages. LPS induced the expression of Tlr7 and Tlr8 in both injured and uninjured joints, genes known to be elevated in RA. We conclude that inflammation before injury is an important risk factor for the development of PTOA and that correlating patient serum endotoxin levels or their state of systemic inflammation with PTOA progression may help develop new, effective treatments to lower the rate of PTOA in injured individuals. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie E Mendez
- Physical and Life Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA.,School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Aimy Sebastian
- Physical and Life Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA
| | - Deepa K Murugesh
- Physical and Life Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas R Hum
- Physical and Life Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA.,School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Jillian L McCool
- Physical and Life Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA.,School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Allison W Hsia
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Blaine A Christiansen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Gabriela G Loots
- Physical and Life Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA.,School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, CA, USA
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11
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Moon SH, Ji SH, Son JL, Shin SJ, Oh S, Kim SH, Bae JM. Antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-osteoclastogenic activities of Colocasia antiquorum var. esculenta: Potential applications in preventing and treating periodontal diseases. Dent Mater J 2020; 39:1096-1102. [PMID: 32999262 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2020-157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects of Colocasia antiquorum var. esculenta (CA) on Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) growth, inflammation, and osteoclastogenesis. CA was effective in inhibiting the growth of P. gingivalis when applied together with an experimental fluoride varnish. CA also significantly decreased the release of interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and nitric oxide from lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 cells. No significant differences in viability were noted between the cells treated with CA and the controls. In addition, CA significantly attenuated osteoclast differentiation on bone marrow macrophages. In conclusion, CA inhibited the growth of P. gingivalis and showed anti-inflammatory and anti-osteoclastogenic effects. Therefore, CA may have the potential to act as a novel natural agent for preventing periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Hee Moon
- Department of Dental Biomaterials and Institute of Biomaterials and Implant, College of Dentistry, Wonkwang University
| | - Sang Hee Ji
- Innovative Target Research Center, Bio and Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology.,Graduate School of New Drug Discovery and Development, Chungnam National University
| | - Ju-Lee Son
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, College of Dentistry, Wonkwang University
| | - Seong-Jin Shin
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, College of Dentistry, Wonkwang University
| | - Seunghan Oh
- Department of Dental Biomaterials and Institute of Biomaterials and Implant, College of Dentistry, Wonkwang University
| | - Seong Hwan Kim
- Innovative Target Research Center, Bio and Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology.,Graduate School of New Drug Discovery and Development, Chungnam National University
| | - Ji-Myung Bae
- Department of Dental Biomaterials and Institute of Biomaterials and Implant, College of Dentistry, Wonkwang University
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12
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Mendez ME, Murugesh DK, Sebastian A, Hum NR, McCloy SA, Kuhn EA, Christiansen BA, Loots GG. Antibiotic Treatment Prior to Injury Improves Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis Outcomes in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6424. [PMID: 32899361 PMCID: PMC7503363 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a painful and debilitating disease characterized by the chronic and progressive degradation of articular cartilage. Post-traumatic OA (PTOA) is a secondary form of OA that develops in ~50% of cases of severe articular injury. Inflammation and re-occurring injury have been implicated as contributing to the progression of PTOA after the initial injury. However, there is very little known about external factors prior to injury that could affect the risk of PTOA development. To examine how the gut microbiome affects PTOA development we used a chronic antibiotic treatment regimen starting at weaning for six weeks prior to ACL rupture, in mice. A six-weeks post-injury histological examination showed more robust cartilage staining on the antibiotic (AB)-treated mice than the untreated controls (VEH), suggesting slower disease progression in AB cohorts. Injured joints also showed an increase in the presence of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages in the AB group. Molecularly, the phenotype correlated with a significantly lower expression of inflammatory genes Tlr5, Ccl8, Cxcl13, and Foxo6 in the injured joints of AB-treated animals. Our results indicate that a reduced state of inflammation at the time of injury and a lower expression of Wnt signaling modulatory protein, Rspo1, caused by AB treatment can slow down or improve PTOA outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie E. Mendez
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; (M.E.M.); (D.K.M.); (A.S.); (N.R.H.); (S.A.M.); (E.A.K.)
| | - Deepa K. Murugesh
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; (M.E.M.); (D.K.M.); (A.S.); (N.R.H.); (S.A.M.); (E.A.K.)
| | - Aimy Sebastian
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; (M.E.M.); (D.K.M.); (A.S.); (N.R.H.); (S.A.M.); (E.A.K.)
| | - Nicholas R. Hum
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; (M.E.M.); (D.K.M.); (A.S.); (N.R.H.); (S.A.M.); (E.A.K.)
- UC Merced, School of Natural Sciences, Merced, CA 95343, USA
| | - Summer A. McCloy
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; (M.E.M.); (D.K.M.); (A.S.); (N.R.H.); (S.A.M.); (E.A.K.)
| | - Edward A. Kuhn
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; (M.E.M.); (D.K.M.); (A.S.); (N.R.H.); (S.A.M.); (E.A.K.)
| | | | - Gabriela G. Loots
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; (M.E.M.); (D.K.M.); (A.S.); (N.R.H.); (S.A.M.); (E.A.K.)
- UC Merced, School of Natural Sciences, Merced, CA 95343, USA
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13
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Ozaki Y, Morozumi T, Watanabe K, Toyama T, Sasaki H, Sato T, Yamamoto Y, To M, Inaba K, Tsukinoki K, Hamada N, Minabe M. Inhibitory effect of omega-3 fatty acids on alveolar bone resorption and osteoclast differentiation. J Oral Sci 2020; 62:298-302. [PMID: 32581177 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.19-0267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.)-infected mouse periodontitis model was used to investigate the effect of omega-3 fatty acid intake on differentiation and maturation of cultured osteoclast. Four-week-old C57BL/6JJcl mice were divided into four groups according to the diets they were fed from the beginning of the experiment (i.e., food containing omega-3 or omega-6 fatty acids) and whether they were orally administered P.g. Thirty-three days after beginning the experiment, bone marrow cells were sampled from the femoral bone of mice from each group and differentiated into osteoclasts; the effects of the ingestion of different fatty acids were subsequently investigated. There was no statistical interaction between the different fatty acids and P.g. infection on the number of osteoclasts (P = 0.6). However, the fatty acid type affected the number of osteoclasts in mice (P = 0.0013), with the omega-3 groups demonstrating lower osteoclast numbers than the omega-6 groups. Furthermore, the addition of resolvin E1 (RvE1), which is an omega-3 fatty acid-derived lipid mediator, suppressed the differentiation of mouse cultured osteoclasts (P < 0.0001). Therefore, the ingestion of omega-3 fatty acids may suppress osteoclast differentiation while inhibiting bone resorption and tissue destruction due to periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ozaki
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Interdisciplinary Medicine, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University
| | - Toshiya Morozumi
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Interdisciplinary Medicine, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University
| | - Kiyoko Watanabe
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University
| | - Toshizo Toyama
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University
| | - Haruka Sasaki
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University
| | - Takenori Sato
- Division of Oral Biochemistry, Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University
| | - Yuko Yamamoto
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Kanagawa Dental University Junior College
| | - Masahiro To
- Division of Dental Anatomy, Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University
| | - Keitaro Inaba
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University
| | - Keiichi Tsukinoki
- Division of Environmental Pathology, Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University
| | - Nobushiro Hamada
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University
| | - Masato Minabe
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Interdisciplinary Medicine, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University
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14
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Osteoclastogenesis in periodontal diseases: Possible mediators and mechanisms. J Oral Biosci 2020; 62:123-130. [PMID: 32081710 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2020.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis is the inflammation of the tooth-supporting structures and is one of the most common diseases of the oral cavity. The outcome of periodontal infections is tooth loss due to a lack of alveolar bone support. Osteoclasts are giant, multi-nucleated, and bone-resorbing cells that are central for many osteolytic diseases, including periodontitis. Receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL) is the principal factor involved in osteoclast differentiation, activation, and survival. However, under pathological conditions, a variety of pro-inflammatory cytokines secreted by activated immune cells also contribute to osteoclast differentiation and activity. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a vital component of the outer membrane of the Gram-negative bacteria. It binds to the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) expressed in many cells and elicits an immune response. HIGHLIGHTS The presence of bacterial LPS in the periodontal area stimulates the secretion of RANKL as well as other inflammatory mediators, activating the process of osteoclastogenesis. RANKL, either independently or synergistically with LPS, can regulate osteoclastogenesis, while LPS alone cannot. MicroRNA, IL-22, M1/M2 macrophages, and memory B cells have recently been shown to modulate osteoclastogenesis in periodontal diseases. CONCLUSION In this review, we summarize the mechanism of osteoclastogenesis accompanying periodontal diseases at the cellular level. We discuss a) the effects of LPS/TLR signaling and other cytokines on RANKL-dependent and -independent mechanisms involved in osteoclastogenesis; b) the recently identified role of several endogenous factors such as miRNA, IL-22, M1/M2 macrophages, and memory B cells in regulating osteoclastogenesis during periodontal pathogenesis.
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15
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Balanced oral pathogenic bacteria and probiotics promoted wound healing via maintaining mesenchymal stem cell homeostasis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:61. [PMID: 32059742 PMCID: PMC7023757 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-1569-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The homeostasis of oral pathogenic bacteria and probiotics plays a crucial role in maintaining the well-being and healthy status of human host. Our previous study confirmed that imbalanced oral microbiota could impair mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) proliferation capacity and delay wound healing. However, the effects of balanced oral pathogenic bacteria and probiotics on MSCs and wound healing are far from clear. Here, the balance of pathogenic bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis and probiotics Lactobacillus reuteri extracts was used to investigate whether balanced oral microbiota modulate the physiological functions of MSCs and promote wound healing. Methods The effects of balanced pathogenic bacteria P. gingivalis and probiotics L. reuteri extracts on gingival MSCs (GMSCs) were tested using the migration, alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin red staining, cell counting kit-8, real-time PCR, and western blot assays. To investigate the role of balanced pathogenic bacteria P. gingivalis and probiotics L. reuteri extracts in the wound of mice, the wounds were established in the mucosa of palate and were inoculated with bacteria every 2 days. Results We found that the balance between pathogenic bacteria and probiotics enhanced the migration, osteogenic differentiation, and cell proliferation of MSCs. Additionally, local inoculation of the mixture of L. reuteri and P. gingivalis promoted the process of wound healing in mice. Mechanistically, we found that LPS in P. gingivalis could activate NLRP3 inflammasome and inhibit function of MSCs, thereby accelerating MSC dysfunction and delaying wound healing. Furthermore, we also found that reuterin was the effective ingredient in L. reuteri which maintained the balance of pathogenic bacteria and probiotics by neutralizing LPS in P. gingivalis, thus inhibiting inflammation and promoting wound healing. Conclusions This study revealed that the homeostasis of oral microbiomes played an indispensable role in maintaining oral heath, provided hopeful methods for the prevention and treatment of oral diseases, and had some referential value for other systemic diseases caused by dysfunction of microbiota and MSCs.
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Yang J, Tang R, Yi J, Chen Y, Li X, Yu T, Fei J. Diallyl disulfide alleviates inflammatory osteolysis by suppressing osteoclastogenesis via NF-κB-NFATc1 signal pathway. FASEB J 2019; 33:7261-7273. [PMID: 30857415 PMCID: PMC6554198 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802172r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal homeostasis is closely effectuated by the regulation of bone formation and bone resorption. Osteoclasts are multinuclear giant cells responsible for bone resorption. Overactivated osteoclasts and excessive bone resorption result in various lytic bone diseases, such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, periprosthetic infection, and inflammatory aseptic loosening of orthopedic implants. In consideration of the severe side effects caused by the currently available drugs, exploitation of novel drugs has gradually attracted attention. Because of its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor capacities, diallyl disulfide (DADS), a major oil-soluble organosulfur ingredient compound derived from garlic, has been widely researched. However, the effects of DADS on osteoclasts and lytic bone diseases are still unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of DADS on receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)- and LPS-mediated osteoclastogenesis, LPS-stimulated proinflammatory cytokines related to osteoclasts, and LPS-induced inflammatory osteolysis. The results showed that DADS significantly inhibited RANKL-mediated osteoclast formation, fusion, and bone resorption in a dose-dependent manner via inhibiting the NF-κB and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling and restraining the interaction of NF-κB p65 with nuclear factor of activated T cells cytoplasmic 1. Furthermore, DADS also markedly suppressed LPS-induced osteoclastogenesis and reduced the production of proinflammatory cytokines with LPS stimulation to indirectly mediate osteoclast formation. Consistent with the in vitro results, DADS prevented the LPS-induced severe bone loss by blocking the osteoclastogenesis. All of the results indicate that DADS may be a potential and exploitable drug used for preventing and impeding osteolytic lesions.-Yang, J., Tang, R., Yi, J., Chen, Y., Li, X., Yu, T., Fei, J. Diallyl disulfide alleviates inflammatory osteolysis by suppressing osteoclastogenesis via NF-κB-NFATc1 signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Center of Trauma, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruohui Tang
- Center of Trauma, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin Yi
- Center of Trauma, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yueqi Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; and
| | - Xianghe Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; and
| | - Jun Fei
- Center of Trauma, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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17
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Yoshida K, Okamura H, Hiroshima Y, Abe K, Kido JI, Shinohara Y, Ozaki K. PKR induces the expression of NLRP3 by regulating the NF-κB pathway in Porphyromonas gingivalis-infected osteoblasts. Exp Cell Res 2017; 354:57-64. [PMID: 28341446 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The double-stranded RNA-dependent kinase (PKR), which is activated by double stranded RNA, induces inflammation by regulating NF-κB signaling. The NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome also modulates inflammation in response to infection. Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.gingivalis) is an oral bacterium which is implicated in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. We previously reported that PKR is a key modulator of bone metabolism and inflammation in the periodontal tissue. PKR was also reported to induce inflammation in response to microbes by regulating the NLRP3 inflammasome, suggesting that PKR could affect inflammation along with NLRP3 in periodontal diseases. In this study, we investigated the effects of PKR on NLRP3 expression and NF-κB activity in P. gingivalis infected osteoblasts. We first constructed a SNAP26b-tagged P.gingivalis (SNAP-P. g.) and traced its internalization into the cell. SNAP-P. g. increased the activity of PKR and NF-κB and also induced NLRP3 expression in osteoblasts. Inhibition of NF-κB attenuated SNAP-P. g.-induced NLRP3 expression. The knockdown of PKR using shRNA decreased both the activity of NF-κB and the expression of NLRP3 induced by SNAP-P.g.. We therefore concluded that in osteoblasts, P. gingivalis activated PKR, which in turn increased NLRP3 expression by activating NF-κB. Our results suggest that PKR modulates inflammation by regulating the expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome through the NF-κB pathway in periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaya Yoshida
- Department of Oral Healthcare Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan.
| | - Hirohiko Okamura
- Department of Histology and Oral Histology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan; Department of Oral Morphology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata, Kita-ku, Okayama 770-8525, Japan
| | - Yuka Hiroshima
- Institute for Genome Research, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Kaori Abe
- SHIBASAKI, Inc., 507 Horikiri, Chichibu 368-0066, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Kido
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
| | - Yasuo Shinohara
- Institute for Genome Research, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Kazumi Ozaki
- Oral Healthcare Promotion, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
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Roles of PKR in differentiation and apoptosis of bone-related cells. Anat Sci Int 2016; 92:313-319. [DOI: 10.1007/s12565-016-0385-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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