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Burte V, Cointe M, Perez G, Mailleret L, Calcagno V. When complex movement yields simple dispersal: behavioural heterogeneity, spatial spread and parasitism in groups of micro-wasps. MOVEMENT ECOLOGY 2023; 11:13. [PMID: 36859387 PMCID: PMC9976481 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-023-00371-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding how behavioural dynamics, inter-individual variability and individual interactions scale-up to shape the spatial spread and dispersal of animal populations is a major challenge in ecology. For biocontrol agents, such as the microscopic Trichogramma parasitic wasps, an understanding of movement strategies is also critical to predict pest-suppression performance in the field. METHODS We experimentally studied the spatial propagation of groups of parasitoids and their patterns of parasitism. We investigated whether population spread is density-dependent, how it is affected by the presence of hosts, and whether the spatial distribution of parasitism (dispersal kernel) can be predicted from the observed spread of individuals. Using a novel experimental device and high-throughput imaging techniques, we continuously tracked the spatial spread of groups of parasitoids over large temporal and spatial scales (8 h; and 6 m, ca. 12,000 body lengths). We could thus study how population density, the presence of hosts and their spatial distribution impacted the rate of population spread, the spatial distribution of individuals during population expansion, the overall rate of parasitism and the dispersal kernel (position of parasitism events). RESULTS Higher population density accelerated population spread, but only transiently: the rate of spread reverted to low values after 4 h, in a "tortoise-hare" effect. Interestingly, the presence of hosts suppressed this transiency and permitted a sustained high rate of population spread. Importantly, we found that population spread did not obey classical diffusion, but involved dynamical switches between resident and explorer movement modes. Population distribution was therefore not Gaussian, though surprisingly the distribution of parasitism (dispersal kernel) was. CONCLUSIONS Even homogenous asexual groups of insects develop behavioural heterogeneities over a few hours, and the latter control patterns of population spread. Behavioural switching between resident and explorer states determined population distribution, density-dependence and dispersal. A simple Gaussian dispersal kernel did not reflect classical diffusion, but rather the interplay of several non-linearities at individual level. These results highlight the need to take into account behaviour and inter-individual heterogeneity to understand population spread in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Burte
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Melina Cointe
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Guy Perez
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Ludovic Mailleret
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, Sophia Antipolis, France
- Université Côte d'Azur, Inria, INRAE, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Biocore, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Vincent Calcagno
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, Sophia Antipolis, France.
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Shah K, Sharma GP. A missing cog in the wheel: an Allee effects perspective in biological invasion paradigm. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 194:7. [PMID: 34873668 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09643-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Environmental stochasticity and invasive species demographical factors are considered to be fundamental aspects of species invasion. Population size, density, and intraspecific competition are the important determinants of species range expansion. Allee effects, interesting density-dependent phenomena, act as 'mechanism of population regulation' during species expansion. The study intends to understand the trend of published researches and identify research gaps pertaining to biological invasions and Allee effects with the help of bibliometric analysis. Content and citation analysis using key words 'Allee effects' AND 'biological invasion' was conducted on research articles published over a period of two and a half decades from Scopus database for global and Indian context. Understanding of Allee effects dynamics in context of biological invasion is limited, especially in India. Integrating the emerging trends pertaining to Allee effects in the biological invasion framework will strengthen the understanding on species range expansion. It is emphasized that Allee effects can emerge as an important tool to manage invasive species range expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanhaiya Shah
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007, India
| | - Gyan Prakash Sharma
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007, India
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Dahirel M, Bertin A, Haond M, Blin A, Lombaert E, Calcagno V, Fellous S, Mailleret L, Malausa T, Vercken E. Shifts from pulled to pushed range expansions caused by reduction of landscape connectivity. OIKOS 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.08278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Dahirel
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA Sophia Antipolis France
| | - Aline Bertin
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA Sophia Antipolis France
| | - Marjorie Haond
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA Sophia Antipolis France
| | - Aurélie Blin
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA Sophia Antipolis France
| | - Eric Lombaert
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA Sophia Antipolis France
| | - Vincent Calcagno
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA Sophia Antipolis France
| | - Simon Fellous
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - Ludovic Mailleret
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA Sophia Antipolis France
- Univ. Côte d'Azur, INRIA, INRAE, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, BIOCORE Sophia Antipolis France
| | - Thibaut Malausa
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA Sophia Antipolis France
| | - Elodie Vercken
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA Sophia Antipolis France
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Nagoshi RN, Goergen G, Plessis HD, van den Berg J, Meagher R. Genetic comparisons of fall armyworm populations from 11 countries spanning sub-Saharan Africa provide insights into strain composition and migratory behaviors. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8311. [PMID: 31165759 PMCID: PMC6549444 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44744-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent discovery of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda, J.E. Smith) in Africa presents a significant threat to that continent's food security. The species exhibits several traits in the Western Hemisphere that if transferred to Africa would significantly complicate control efforts. These include a broad host range, long-distance migratory behavior, and resistance to multiple pesticides that varies by regional population. Therefore, determining which fall armyworm subpopulations are present in Africa could have important implications for risk assessments and mitigation efforts. The current study is an extension of earlier surveys that together combine the collections from 11 nations to produce the first genetic description of fall armyworm populations spanning the sub-Saharan region. Comparisons of haplotype frequencies indicate significant differences between geographically distant populations. The haplotype profile from all locations continue to identify Florida and the Caribbean regions as the most likely Western Hemisphere origins of the African infestations. The current data confirm the uncertainty of fall armyworm strain identification in Africa by genetic methods, with the possibility discussed that the African infestation may represent a novel interstrain hybrid population of potentially uncertain behavioral characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney N Nagoshi
- Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America.
| | - Georg Goergen
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Cotonou, Benin
| | - Hannalene Du Plessis
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Johnnie van den Berg
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Robert Meagher
- Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
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Applying landscape structure analysis to assess the spatio-temporal distribution of an invasive legume in the Rhön UNESCO Biosphere Reserve. Biol Invasions 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-019-02012-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Morel-Journel T, Assa CR, Mailleret L, Vercken E. Its all about connections: hubs and invasion in habitat networks. Ecol Lett 2018; 22:313-321. [PMID: 30537096 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
During the early stages of invasion, the interaction between the features of the invaded landscape, notably its spatial structure, and the internal dynamics of an introduced population has a crucial impact on establishment and spread. By approximating introduction areas as networks of patches linked by dispersal, we characterised their spatial structure with specific metrics and tested their impact on two essential steps of the invasion process: establishment and spread. By combining simulations with experimental introductions of Trichogramma chilonis (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in artificial laboratory microcosms, we demonstrated that spread was hindered by clusters and accelerated by hubs but was also affected by small-population mechanisms prevalent for invasions, such as Allee effects. Establishment was also affected by demographic mechanisms, in interaction with network metrics. These results highlight the importance of considering the demography of invaders as well as the structure of the invaded area to predict the outcome of invasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaut Morel-Journel
- Earth and Life Institute, Biodiversity Research Centre, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Claire Rais Assa
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRA, CNRS, ISA, 06900, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Ludovic Mailleret
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRA, CNRS, ISA, 06900, Sophia Antipolis, France.,Université Côte d'Azur, Inria, INRA, CNRS, UPMC University, Paris 06, 06900, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Elodie Vercken
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRA, CNRS, ISA, 06900, Sophia Antipolis, France
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Yang KC, Wu ZX, Holme P, Nonaka E. Expansion of cooperatively growing populations: Optimal migration rates and habitat network structures. Phys Rev E 2017; 95:012306. [PMID: 28208365 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.95.012306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Range expansion of species is driven by the interactions among individual- and population-level processes and the spatial pattern of habitats. In this work we study how cooperatively growing populations spread on networks representing the skeleton of complex landscapes. By separating the slow and fast variables of the expansion process, we are able to give analytical predictions for the critical conditions that divide the dynamic behaviors into different phases (extinction, localized survival, and global expansion). We observe a resonance phenomenon in how the critical condition depends on the expansion rate, indicating the existence of an optimal strategy for global expansion. We derive the conditions for such optimal migration in locally treelike graphs and numerically study other structured networks. Our results highlight the importance of both the underlying interaction pattern and migration rate of the expanding populations for range expansion. We also discuss potential applications of the results to biological control and conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Cheng Yang
- Institute of Computational Physics and Complex Systems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Zhi-Xi Wu
- Institute of Computational Physics and Complex Systems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Petter Holme
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - Etsuko Nonaka
- Metapopulation Research Centre, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland.,Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund 223 62, Sweden
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Hamelin FM, Castella F, Doli V, Marçais B, Ravigné V, Lewis MA. Mate Finding, Sexual Spore Production, and the Spread of Fungal Plant Parasites. Bull Math Biol 2016; 78:695-712. [DOI: 10.1007/s11538-016-0157-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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