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Zhu Y, Wang Z, Song L, Gu J, Ye Z, Jin R, Wu J. Spatiotemporal variation of phytoplankton communities and water quality among seaweed, shellfish and cage fish culture systems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 896:165305. [PMID: 37406709 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Various marine aquaculture systems have different impacts on the environment, but few assessments were focused on the environmental impact by different systems in the same region. To study the effects of various aquaculture systems on phytoplankton community structure and water properties, 5 surveys were carried out in seaweed (Gracilaria lemaneiformis, GL), shellfish (Mytilus coruscus, MC) and cage fish (Larimichthys crocea, LC) mariculture areas in Dongji island, Zhejiang, China from June to September 2020. Significant differences were observed in some environmental parameters and phytoplankton communities among three aquaculture systems. The dissolved oxygen concentrations and Secchi depth in the surface waters in GL area were relatively higher than in the blank and other areas. As for nutrients concentration, LC and MC areas had higher concentrations than blank area, while GL area was the lowest. Though Chlorophyll-a concentration displayed fluctuations, relatively lower concentrations were found in GL area. Shannon diversity index was found to be relatively constant and higher in GL area. The Non-metric multidimensional scaling results revealed that phytoplankton composition had a distinct pattern among sampling times. The correlations and Redundancy analysis showed that total nitrogen, salinity and transparency were primary environmental factors associated with phytoplankton composition. Our study confirmed that different marine aquaculture systems can cause environmental fluctuations. Among the three systems, seaweed cultivation can bring multiple positive effects by improving surrounding water quality and increasing the phytoplankton composition. G. lemaneiformis culture in summer has great positive impact on seawater environment as it can maintain the ecological balance and reduce the risk of harmful algal blooms (HABs), and therefore, it is strongly recommended more G. lemaneiformis cultivation in this region in summer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaojia Zhu
- Zhejiang University, Ocean College, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316021, China
| | - Zhiyin Wang
- Zhejiang University, Ocean College, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316021, China
| | - Li Song
- Zhejiang University, Ocean College, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316021, China
| | - Jiali Gu
- Zhejiang University, Ocean College, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316021, China
| | - Zhanjiang Ye
- Zhejiang University, Ocean College, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316021, China
| | - Runjie Jin
- Zhejiang University, Ocean College, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316021, China
| | - Jiaping Wu
- Zhejiang University, Ocean College, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316021, China.
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Sandal L, Grøtan V, Saether BE, Freckleton RP, Noble DG, Ovaskainen O. Effects of density, species interactions, and environmental stochasticity on the dynamics of British bird communities. Ecology 2022; 103:e3731. [PMID: 35416286 PMCID: PMC9539587 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Our knowledge of the factors affecting species abundances is mainly based on time‐series analyses of a few well‐studied species at single or few localities, but we know little about whether results from such analyses can be extrapolated to the community level. We apply a joint species distribution model to long‐term time‐series data on British bird communities to examine the relative contribution of intra‐ and interspecific density dependence at different spatial scales, as well as the influence of environmental stochasticity, to spatiotemporal interspecific variation in abundance. Intraspecific density dependence has the major structuring effect on these bird communities. In addition, environmental fluctuations affect spatiotemporal differences in abundance. In contrast, species interactions had a minor impact on variation in abundance. Thus, important drivers of single‐species dynamics are also strongly affecting dynamics of communities in time and space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Sandal
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Vidar Grøtan
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Bernt-Erik Saether
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Robert P Freckleton
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Otso Ovaskainen
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (Survontie 9C), Jyväskylä, Finland.,Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Picoche C, Barraquand F. Seed banks can help to maintain the diversity of interacting phytoplankton species. J Theor Biol 2022; 538:111020. [PMID: 35032473 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2022.111020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Seed formation is part of the reproductive cycle, leading to the accumulation of resistance stages that can withstand harsh environmental conditions for long periods of time. At the community level, multiple species with such long-lasting life stages can be more likely to coexist. While the implications of this process for biodiversity have been studied in terrestrial plants, seed banks are usually neglected in phytoplankton multispecies dynamic models, in spite of widespread empirical evidence for such seed banks. In this study, we build a metacommunity model of interacting phytoplankton species, including a resting stage supplying the seed bank. The model is parameterized with empirically-driven growth rate functions and field-based interaction estimates, which include both facilitative and competitive interactions. Exchanges between compartments (coastal pelagic cells, coastal resting cells on the seabed, and open ocean pelagic cells) are controlled by hydrodynamical parameters to which the sensitivity of the model is assessed. We consider two models, i.e., with and without a saturating effect of the interactions on the growth rates. Our results are consistent between models, and show that a seed bank allows to maintain all species in the community over 30 years. Indeed, a fraction of the species are vulnerable to extinction at specific times within the year, but this process is buffered by their survival in their resting stage. We thus highlight the potential role of the seed bank in the recurrent re-invasion of the coastal community, and of coastal environments in re-seeding oceanic regions. Moreover, the seed bank enables populations to tolerate stronger interactions within the community as well as more severe changes in the environment, such as those predicted within a climate change context. Our study therefore shows how a resting stage may help phytoplanktonic diversity maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coralie Picoche
- Institute of Mathematics of Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux and CNRS, Talence, France; Integrative and Theoretical Ecology, LabEx COTE, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France.
| | - Frédéric Barraquand
- Institute of Mathematics of Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux and CNRS, Talence, France; Integrative and Theoretical Ecology, LabEx COTE, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
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Forsblom L, Lindén A, Engström‐Öst J, Lehtiniemi M, Bonsdorff E. Identifying biotic drivers of population dynamics in a benthic-pelagic community. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:4035-4045. [PMID: 33976792 PMCID: PMC8093679 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Benthic species and communities are linked to pelagic zooplankton through life-stages encompassing both benthic and pelagic habitats and through a mutual dependency on primary producers as a food source. Many zooplankton taxa contribute to the sedimentary system as benthic eggs. Our main aim was to investigate the nature of the population level biotic interactions between and within these two seemingly independent communities, both dependent on the pelagic primary production, while simultaneously accounting for environmental drivers (salinity, temperature, and oxygen conditions). To this end, we applied multivariate autoregressive state-space models to long (1966-2007) time series of annual abundance data, comparing models with and without interspecific interactions, and models with and without environmental variables included. We were not able to detect any direct coupling between sediment-dwelling benthic taxa and pelagic copepods and cladocerans on the annual scale, but the most parsimonious model indicated that interactions within the benthic community are important. There were also positive residual correlations between the copepods and cladocerans potentially reflecting the availability of a shared resource or similar seasonal dependence, whereas both groups tended to correlate negatively with the zoobenthic taxa. The most notable single interaction within the benthic community was a tendency for a negative effect of Limecola balthica on the amphipods Monoporeia affinis and Pontoporeia femorata which can help explain the observed decrease in amphipods due to increased competitive interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Forsblom
- Marine Research CentreFinnish Environment InstituteHelsinkiFinland
- Environmental and Marine BiologyÅbo Akademi UniversityTurkuFinland
| | - Andreas Lindén
- Natural Resources Institute FinlandHelsinkiFinland
- Novia University of Applied SciencesEkenäsFinland
| | | | - Maiju Lehtiniemi
- Marine Research CentreFinnish Environment InstituteHelsinkiFinland
| | - Erik Bonsdorff
- Environmental and Marine BiologyÅbo Akademi UniversityTurkuFinland
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Downing AL, Jackson C, Plunkett C, Ackerman Lockhart J, Schlater SM, Leibold MA. Temporal stability vs. community matrix measures of stability and the role of weak interactions. Ecol Lett 2020; 23:1468-1478. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.13538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amy L. Downing
- Department of Zoology Ohio Wesleyan University Delaware OH USA
| | - Craig Jackson
- Mathematics and Computer Science Ohio Wesleyan University Delaware OH USA
| | - Claire Plunkett
- Department of Mathematics University of Utah Salt Lake City UT USA
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Temperature-dependent competitive advantages of an allelopathic alga over non-allelopathic alga are altered by pollutants and initial algal abundance levels. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4419. [PMID: 32157147 PMCID: PMC7064544 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61438-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In the context of climate warming, the dominance of allelopathic algae that cause ecosystem disturbances is an important topic. Although the hypothesis that an increase in temperature will be favorable to the dominance of allelopathic algae has been increasingly supported by many studies, it is still unclear how other factors can affect the influence of temperature. In this study, the effects of copper exposure and initial algal abundance on the competition between Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (non-allelopathic alga) and Chlorella vulgaris (allelopathic alga) were investigated during temperature changes. The results showed that increased temperatures enhanced the competitive advantage of C. vulgaris only in the absence of copper exposure. Our data confirmed that copper exposure along with increased temperature (20-30 °C) may change the competitive advantage of C. vulgaris from favorable to unfavorable. The initial algal abundance was found to affect competition outcome by controlling copper toxicity. This study suggests that pollutants and initial abundance can alter the effects of increased temperature on the allelopathic interaction. Given the temporal dynamics of algal abundance and the pollutants in natural ecosystems, these findings should be considered in the prediction of temperature influence on an algal community.
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Reinke BA, Miller DA, Janzen FJ. What Have Long-Term Field Studies Taught Us About Population Dynamics? ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY EVOLUTION AND SYSTEMATICS 2019. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-110218-024717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Long-term studies have been crucial to the advancement of population biology, especially our understanding of population dynamics. We argue that this progress arises from three key characteristics of long-term research. First, long-term data are necessary to observe the heterogeneity that drives most population processes. Second, long-term studies often inherently lead to novel insights. Finally, long-term field studies can serve as model systems for population biology, allowing for theory and methods to be tested under well-characterized conditions. We illustrate these ideas in three long-term field systems that have made outsized contributions to our understanding of population ecology, evolution, and conservation biology. We then highlight three emerging areas to which long-term field studies are well positioned to contribute in the future: ecological forecasting, genomics, and macrosystems ecology. Overcoming the obstacles associated with maintaining long-term studies requires continued emphasis on recognizing the benefits of such studies to ensure that long-term research continues to have a substantial impact on elucidating population biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth A. Reinke
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - David A.W. Miller
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Fredric J. Janzen
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
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Forsblom L, Engström-öst J, Lehtinen S, Lips I, Lindén A. Environmental variables driving species and genus level changes in annual plankton biomass. JOURNAL OF PLANKTON RESEARCH 2019; 41:925-938. [PMID: 31920210 PMCID: PMC6946087 DOI: 10.1093/plankt/fbz063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic variables subject to global change are known to affect plankton biomasses, and these effects can be species-specific. Here, we investigate the environmental drivers of annual biomass using plankton data from the Gulf of Finland in the northern Baltic Sea, spanning years 1993-2016. We estimated annual biomass time-series of 31 nanoplankton and microplankton species and genera from day-level data, accounting for the average phenology and wind. We found wind effects on day-level biomass in 16 taxa. We subsequently used state-space models to connect the annual biomass changes with potential environmental drivers (temperature, salinity, stratification, ice cover and inorganic nutrients), simultaneously accounting for temporal trends. We found clear environmental effects influencing the annual biomasses of Dinobryon faculiferum, Eutreptiella spp., Protoperidinium bipes, Pseudopedinella spp., Snowella spp. and Thalassiosira baltica and indicative effects in 10 additional taxa. These effects mostly concerned temperature, salinity or stratification. Together, these 16 taxa represent two-thirds of the summer biomass in the sampled community. The inter-annual variability observed in salinity and temperature is relatively low compared to scenarios of predicted change in these variables. Therefore, the potential impacts of the presented effects on plankton biomasses are considerable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Forsblom
- ENVIRONMENTAL AND MARINE BIOLOGY, ÅBO AKADEMI UNIVERSITY, Artillerigatan 6, 20520 ÅBO, Finland
| | - Jonna Engström-öst
- Bioeconomy team, NOVIA UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES, Raseborgsvägen 9, 10600 EKENäS, Finland
| | - Sirpa Lehtinen
- Marine Research Laboratory, MARINE RESEARCH CENTRE, FINNISH ENVIRONMENT INSTITUTE, Agnes Sjöbergin Latu 2, 00790 HELSINKI, Finland
| | - Inga Lips
- DEPARTMENT OF MARINE SYSTEMS, TALLINN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, Akadeemia Rd. 15A, 12618 TALLINN, Estonia
| | - Andreas Lindén
- Bioeconomy team, NOVIA UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES, Raseborgsvägen 9, 10600 EKENäS, Finland
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How self-regulation, the storage effect, and their interaction contribute to coexistence in stochastic and seasonal environments. THEOR ECOL-NETH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12080-019-0420-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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